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新人教|八上|词汇精讲|课件
Unit 3 Same or Different
Unit 3 Same or Different
3.小学相关词汇
4.习题训练巩固
1.单元词汇精讲
2.单元专有名词
目录
单元词汇精讲
Part One
Words on page 21:
compare
/k m pe (r)/v. 比较；对比
eg.老师让我们比较这两篇文章的异同。
The teacher asks us to compare the two articles.
compare...with...与…比较
compare...to...把…比作…
Words on page 22:
lazy / le zi/
adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的
eg.他懒得连书都不想读。
He is too lazy to read books.
比较级：lazier
最高级：laziest
be lazy about sth.
（对某事偷懒）
Words on page 22:
perform
/p f m/ v. 表演；执行
eg.乐队在晚会上表演了一首流行歌曲。
The band performed a pop song at the party.
performer（n.表演者）performance(n.表演)
perform a task（执行任务）
Words on page 22:
solve
/s lv/ v. 解决；解答
eg.我们需要找到办法解决这个难题。
We need to find ways to solve this difficult problem.
名词：solution（解决方案）
同义短语:work out解决
solve a problem（解决问题）
Words on page 21-22:
compare
shy
lazy
loud
outgoing
hard-working
perform
solve
/k m pe (r)/v. 比较；对比
/ a / adj. 害羞的
/ le zi/ adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的
/la d/ adv. 响亮地adj. 大声的
/ a tɡ / adj. 外向的
/ hɑ d w k /adj. 勤奋的
/p f m/ v. 表演；执行
/s lv/ v. 解决；解答
compare...with...与……比较compare...to...把……比作……
反：outgoing（外向的）
比较级：lazier；最高级：laziest
近义词：noisy（吵闹的）
an outgoing girl（一个外向的女孩）
反义词：lazy（懒惰的）
同根词：performer（n.表演者）performance(n.表演)
名词：：solution（解决方案）
=work out解决
Words on page 23:
congratulation
/k n ɡr t u le n/
n. 祝贺；恭喜
eg.恭喜你在比赛中获得冠军！
Congratulations on winning the championship in the competition!
Congratulations (on ...)!
(对...表示)祝贺！
congratulate(v.庆祝)
Words on page 23:
attend
/ tend/ v. 参加；出席
eg.我们全班同学都参加了毕业典礼。
All my classmates attended the graduation ceremony.
近义词：take part in
（参加活动）
attendance(n.出席)
attendant(v.服务人员；侍从)
Words on page 23:
besides /b sa dz/
prep. 除……外还
adv. 而且
eg.除了英语，她还会说法语。
Besides English, she can also speak French.
besides（除……外还有）
except（除……外没有）
=what’s more 而且
Words on page 23:
spare /spe (r)/
adj. 空闲的；备用的
v. 抽出
eg.他在空闲时间喜欢阅读和画画。
He likes reading and painting in his spare time.
in one’s spare time
在...空闲时间里
spare no effort（不遗余力）
Words on page 22-23:
flute
congratulation
Congratulations (on ...)!
prize
attend
as...as...
besides
spare
/flu t/ n. 长笛
/k n ɡr t u le n/ n. 祝贺；恭喜
(对...表示)祝贺！
/pra z/ n. 奖；奖励
/ tend/ v. 参加；出席
像……一样
/b sa dz/prep. 除……外还 adv. 而且
/spe (r)/ adj. 空闲的；备用的v. 抽出
play the flute（吹长笛）
congratulate(v.庆祝)
win a prize（获奖）
近义词：take part in（参加活动）
否定形式：not as...as...（不如…）
besides（除……外还有）
except（除……外没有）
in one’s spare time在...空闲时间里
spare no effort（不遗余力）
Words on page 23:
pleasure / ple (r)/
n. 乐事；愉快；荣幸
eg.旅行带给我们很多快乐和美好的回忆。
Travel brings us a lot of pleasure and good memories.
It’s a pleasure to do sth.
（做某事是荣幸）
派生词：pleasant
（adj. 宜人的）
Words on page 24:
appearance / p r ns/
n. 外表；露面
eg.她的外表看起来很严肃，但内心很热情。
Her appearance looks serious, but she is warm-hearted inside.
同根词:appear(v.出现)
disappear(v.消失)
judge by appearance
（以貌取人）
Words on page 24:
personality / p r ns/
n. 外表；露面
eg.性格相似的人更容易成为朋友。
People with similar personalities are more likely to become friends.
构词法：person(n.人)+-al-(形容词后缀，“...的”)+ -ity(名词后缀)→personality(外表；露面)
personal(adj.个人的)
person(n.人)
Words on page 24:
serious / s ri s/
adj. 严肃的；严重的
eg.环境污染是一个严重的全球性问题。
Environmental pollution is a serious global problem.
be serious about
（认真对待）
比较级：more serious；
最高级：most serious
Words on page 24:
strength /stre θ/
n. 优势；力量
eg.每个人都有自己的优点和不足。
Everyone has their own strengths and weaknesses.
反义词：weakness（弱点）
strengthen(v.加强；巩固)
Words on page 23-25:
spare time
pleasure
have sth in common
appearance
personality
serious
strength
fact
空闲时间
/ ple (r)/ n. 乐事；愉快；荣幸
有共同之处
/ p r ns/ n. 外表；露面
/ p s n l ti/n. 性格；品质
/ s ri s/ adj. 严肃的；严重的
/stre θ/ n. 优势；力量
/f kt/ n. 事实；现实
It’s a pleasure to do sth.（做某事是荣幸）
have nothing in common（无共同之处）
同根词:appear(v.出现)disappear(v.消失)
同根词:personal(adj.个人的)person(n.人)
be serious about（认真对待）
反义词：weakness（弱点）
in fact（事实上）
Words on page 25:
slim /sl m/
adj. 苗条的；薄的
eg.她通过锻炼和健康饮食保持苗条身材。
She keeps a slim figure through exercise and a healthy diet.
比较级：slimmer；
最高级：slimmest
近义词：thin（瘦的）
Words on page 25:
population
/ p pju le n/n. 人口
eg.中国的人口约为14亿。
The population of China is about 1.4 billion.
the population of...
（……的人口）
询问人口：what/how large
人口多/少：big/large/small
Words on page 25:
slim
population
km
average
rainfall
per
mm
/sl m/ adj. 苗条的；薄的
/ p pju le n/n. 人口
/ k l mi t r/ n. 千米；公里
/ v r d / adj. 平均的；平常的
/ re nf l/ n. 降雨量
/p (r)/ prep. 每
/ m l mi t r/ n. 毫米
全称：millimetre/millimeter
比较级：slimmer； 最高级：slimmest
近义词：thin（瘦的）
the population of...（……的人口）
询问人口：what/how large
不可数名词，常与high/low搭配
Words on page 25:
pleasant / pleznt/
adj. 宜人的；友好的
eg.她总是带着友好的微笑，让人感觉很亲切。
She always wears a pleasant smile, making people feel warm.
近义词：pleasing
（令人愉快的）
pleasant weather
（宜人的天气）
Words on page 26:
interest / ntr st/
n. 业余爱好；兴趣
v. 使感兴趣
eg.他对科学有着浓厚的兴趣。
He has a strong interest in science.
show/have an interest in
（对……表现出兴趣）
interested（adj. 感兴趣的）
interesting（adj. 有趣的）
Words on page 27:
difference
/ d fr ns/n. 差异
eg.一点点的努力也能带来很大的不同。
A little effort can make a big difference.
形容词：different（不同的）
make a difference（有影响）
Words on page 25-27:
pleasant
alike
mirror
interest
novel
difference
sense
humour
/ pleznt/ adj. 宜人的；友好的
/ la k/ adj. 相像的adv. 相似地
/ m r (r)/ n. 镜子
/ ntr st/n. 业余爱好；兴趣v. 使感兴趣
/ n vl/ n. 小说
/ d fr ns/n. 差异
/sens/ n. 理解力；感觉
/ hju m (r)/n. 幽默；幽默感
近义词：pleasing（令人愉快的）pleasant weather（宜人的天气）
look alike（看起来相像）
show interest in（对……表现出兴趣）
派生词：interested（adj. 感兴趣的）
近义词：fiction（虚构小说）
形容词：different（不同的）
make a difference to（有影响）
形容词：humourous（adj.幽默的）
Words on page 27:
straightforward
/ stre t f w d/
adj. 坦率的；简单的
eg.这个问题的解决方法简单直接。
The solution to this problem is straightforward.
构词法：straight(adj.直的，正直的)+forward(adj.&adv.向前的)→straightforward
坦率的；简单的
近义词：direct（直接的）
反义词：complicated（复杂的）
Words on page 27:
honest/ n st/
adj. 坦诚的；诚实
eg.我们应该诚实对待自己的错误。
We should be honest about our mistakes.
反义词：dishonest
（不诚实的）
to be honest说实话
Words on page 27:
similarity
/ s m l r ti/ n. 相似之处
eg.这两个地区在文化上有很多相似之处。
There are many similarities in culture between the two regions.
复数：similarities
反义词：difference（差异）
be similar to...与...相似
Words on page 27:
thanks to
less
straightforward
opinion
make a mistake
honest
direct
similarity
归功于；由于；因为
/les/ adj. 较少的；更少的
adv. 较少地；更少地
/ stre t f w d/ adj. 坦率的；简单的
/ p nj n/ n. 看法；意见
犯错误
/ n st/ adj. 坦诚的；诚实
/ d rekt / adj.率直的；直接的
/ s m l r ti/ n. 相似之处
thanks for ...因...而感谢
more（更多）/less than（少于）
近义词：direct（直接的）
反义词：complicated（复杂的）
in one’s opinion（在某人看来）
反义词：dishonest（不诚实的）
to be honest说实话
复数：similarities
反义词：difference（差异）
be similar to...与...相似
Words on page 27:
friendship
/ frend p/ n. 友谊；友情
eg.他们的友谊已经持续了二十年。
Their friendship has lasted for twenty years.
friendly (adj.友好的)
be friendly to...对...友好
build friendship（建立友谊）
Words on page 28:
accident / ks d nt/
n. 意外；（交通）事故
eg.昨天的交通事故导致两人受伤。
Yesterday’s traffic accident caused two people to be injured.
traffic accident（交通事故）
by accident（偶然）
Words on page 27-28:
friendship
metre
prince
character
pauper
exchange
accident
by accident
/ frend p/ n. 友谊；友情
/ mi t r/ n. 米
/pr ns/ n. 王子
/ k r kt (r)/n. 人物；个性
/ p p (r)/ n. 贫民；乞丐
/ ks t e nd / v.&n. 交换
/ ks d nt/ n. 意外；（交通）事故
偶然
形容词：friendly (adj.友好的)
对应词：princess（公主）
main character（主角）
exchange student（交换生）
traffic accident（交通事故）
Words on page 28:
expect / k spekt/
v. 预料；期待
eg.父母期望我考上理想的高中。
My parents expect me to enter my ideal high school.
expect to do sth.
（期待做某事）
expect sb. to do sth.
（期望某人做某事）
Words on page 29:
situation
/ s t u e n/ n. 情况；状况
eg.我们需要根据实际情况制定计划。
We need to make plans according to the actual situation.
in a difficult situation
（处于困境）
近义词：condition（状况）
Words on page 29:
expect
silver
silver lining
situation
care about
reach
reach for
touch
lend (sb) a hand
/ k spekt/ v. 预料；期待
/ s lv (r)/ adj. 银色的n. 银
一线光明
/ s t u e n/ n. 情况；状况
关心；担心
/ri t / v. 伸手；达到
伸手触碰
/t t / v. 触动；触碰
帮助（某人）
expect to do sth.（期待做某事）
expect sb. to do sth.（期望某人做某事）
care for照顾；非常喜欢
take care of 照顾
同义短语：give (sb) a hand
in a difficult situation（处于困境）
近义词：condition（状况）
loud
slim
sense
attend
direct
solve
prize
mirror
reach
touch
Game: 掷飞镖游戏
单元专有名词
Part Two
第三单元专有名词：
Julie
Matt
Stephen
Diana
Edward
Mark Twain
Rose
Chicago
/ d u li / 朱莉（女子名）
/ m t / 马特
/ sti vn / 斯蒂芬
/ da n /戴安娜
/ edw d / 爱德华
/ twe n / 马克·吐温
/ r z / 罗丝
/ kɑ ɡ /芝加哥（美国中西部城市）
小学相关词汇
Part Three
Vocabulary from Primary School:
eg.蜗牛以很慢的速度爬行Snails crawl at a very slow speed.
比较级：slower
最高级：slowest
反义词：fast(快的)
短语：slow down减速
slow/ sl /
adj.慢的；迟钝的
习题巩固练习
Part Four
Words Practice:
一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. I think his _______ (strong) is his excellent communication skills.
2. She is thinking about how to change her shy __________ (person).
3. My younger brother is much _______ (lazy) than me. He hardly ever does his homework on time.
4. The students were asked to speak _______ (loud) in the English class to practice pronunciation.
5. It’s a _______ to meet you; you have such a _______ smile. (please)
strength
personality
lazier
loudly
pleasure
pleasant
Words Practice:
6. How _________ (humour) Max is! I never feel bored with him.
7. There is an uncommon _________ (similar) between the twin sisters.
8. Helping each other at school is a way to improve our __________ (friend).
9. DeepSeek has made a great _________ (different) to the world. Many high-tech companies(高科技公司)like OpenAI are worried they would fall behind.
10. I have a great _______ in science, and I am very ___________ in learning about space because it is so __________ . (interest)
humorous
similarity
friendship
difference
interest
interested
interesting
Words Practice:
二、从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空
11. We shouldn’t judge a person just by his __________.
12. Please accept my sincere ______________ on your success.
13. He won the first _______ in the painting competition, which made all of his family happy.
14. She didn’t _______ the party last week because she was ill.
15. The magician __________ an amazing trick on stage last night and the audience were all surprised. His excellent ____________ made the show a great success.
attend appear perform congratulation prize
appearance
congratulations
prize
attend
performed
performance
Words Practice:
二、从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空
16. My favorite saying is, “A true friend reaches for your hand and _______ your heart.”
17. She was so smart that she looked _______ at me when I told her a lie.
18. Parents always remind us to treat friends with _______ , instead of fraud.
19. I found a strange rock ___________ when we climbed the mountain yesterday.
20. An experienced fisherman advised us not to travel in such a bad _______ .
situation touch honest direct by accident
touches
directly
honesty
by accident
situation
Words Practice:
三、根据语境，用适当的虚词盲填
21. Alan is _______ honest boy. You can trust him.
22. Pigeons can recognize themselves the _______ mirrors.
23. Helen’s character is very different _______ her sister’s.
24. Thanks _______ your hard work, we can see these works of art.
25. _______ my opinion, independent (独立的)thinking is important for children’s personal growth.
an
in
from
to
In
Words Practice:
四、根据汉语意思补全句子或翻译句子
26. 事实上，他和他的哥哥一样勤奋。
_______ _______ , he is ____ ____________ _______ his elder brother.
27. 除了解决自己的数学难题以外，他还帮助同桌解答。
_______ _______ his own math problems, he also helps his deskmate solve them.
In fact as hardworking as
Besides solving
Words Practice:
四、根据汉语意思补全句子或翻译句子
28. 我用一个图表来比较城市和乡村的人口。
I used a chart to _______ _______ __________ _______ _______ _______ that of rural areas.
29. 所有的舞者都有一个共同点。他们认真对待梦想。
All the dancers _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ .They take their dreams seriously.
compare the population of cities with
have one thing in common
Words Practice:
四、根据汉语意思补全句子或翻译句子
30. 在我的业余时间，我经常独自听音乐来放松自己。
_______________________________________ to relax myself.
31. 事实上，父母真的关心我们。
In fact, parents truly _______ _______ us.
32. 我们不可能在一小时内赶到机场。
There’s no way we can get to the airport _______ _______ _______ an hour.
In my spare time, I often listen to music alone
care about
in less than
Words Practice:
四、根据汉语意思补全句子或翻译句子
33. 不要因为犯了一个小错误而对自己感到生气。
Don’t be angry with yourself for ___________________.
34. 我期望这周末和朋友们去购物。 (expect to do sth.)
_____________________________________________
35. 当看到她伸手去拿那个重箱子时，我决定帮她一把。 (reach for; lend sb. a hand)
______________________________________________________
making a small mistake
I expect to go shopping with my friends this weekend.
When I saw her reaching for the heavy box, I decided to lend her a hand.
新人教|八上|词汇精讲|课件
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