资源简介

(共67张PPT)
Unit 1
UNIT 1 Happy Holiday
Indefinite pronouns; a review of the simple past tense
了解并体会含有复合不定代词的句式结构、意义和用法。
学会并运用一般过去时的各种句式以及复合不定代词谈论自己或别人的假期活动。
scenery
n. 风景；景色
The scenery of Jiuzhaigou Valley is fantastic in all seasons.
九寨沟的景色四季皆宜。
silk
n. 丝绸；(蚕)丝
(不可数)
scarf
n. 围巾；披巾
silk scarf
丝绸围巾
复数：scarves
hotel
n. 旅馆；旅社
comfortable
adj. 使人舒服的；舒适的
The hotel is nothing but comfortable.
这个旅馆只是舒适。
nothing but
只有；只是
uncomfortable adj.不舒服的﹔
令人不舒适的
ready
adj. 准备好的；
现成的
adv. 已做完；
已完成
ready to do sth 马上要（做某事）；愿意做（某事）
We're ready to go.
我们准备好了，可以走了。
somewhere
adv. 在某处；
到某处
pron. 某处；
某个地方
I really need to find somewhere to go for my summer vacation.
我真的需要找个地方去度暑假。
towards
(= toward)
prep. 向；朝
stand up
站起；起立
stand up and walk towards the window
站起来走向窗户
bored
adj. 厌倦的；
烦闷的
I’m bored.
我很烦闷。
sky
n. 天；天空
rainbow
n. 虹；彩虹
double rainbow across the sky
挂在天空中的双彩虹
Listen to the song and complete the blanks.
Never mind, I'll find __________ like you.
I wish ________ but the best for you too.
someone
nothing
不定代词
Read the sentences and notice the indefinite pronouns in red.
Did you do anything interesting on your holiday No, nothing special. But I met someone interesting.
Did you go anywhere interesting Yes, I went to Yunnan.
Did you go with anyone Yes, I went with my family.
Did you eat something special Yes, we did! Everything tasted good, especially the steamed chicken soup. Everyone loved it.
红色单词是________________。蓝色单词是____________后置。
复合不定代/副词
定语(形容词)
复合不定副词
Discuss when you use these pronouns.
We use pronouns every day. Indefinite pronouns are used to refer generally to a person or thing that doesn’t need to be specifically identified (明确地识别) or has already been mentioned.
不定代词（Indefinite Pronouns）
不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫作不定代词。
不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句子中用作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的不定代词：
some 一些
somebody 某人
someone 某人
something 某事；某物
any 一些；任何
anybody 任何人
anyone 任何人
anything 任何事物
nobody 无人
no one 无人
nothing 无物
everybody 每人；大家；人人
everyone 每人
everything 每一件事物；一切
one 一个（人或物）
another 另外一个；又一个
other(s) 另一个（些）
all 全体；全部
both 两个（都）
each 每个
either 任何一个（指两个当中）
neither 没人或物（指两个当中）
none 没人或物（指两个以上）
many 很多
much 很多
few 很少；几乎没有
a few 一些；几个
little 很少；几乎没有
a little 一些；一点儿
1. 复合不定代词
由 some 、 any 、 no 、 every 加上 -body 、 -one 、 -thing 构成的不定代词叫作复合不定代词。除了 no one 以外，其他复合不定代词都写成一个词。
注意以下几点：
复合不定代词 复合不定副词
-thing -body -one -where
some系列 something somebody someone somewhere
any系列 anything anybody anyone anywhere
every系列 everything everybody everyone everywhere
no系列 nothing nobody no one nowhere
复合不定副词通常在句中作状语。
复合不定代词只相当于名词，在句中用作主语、宾语或表语。
复合不定代词作主语时，都作单数看待。
e.g. Everyone says Yulong Mountain is beautiful.
Nobody knows what the future will be like.
I’m on vacation in Hangzhou and everything is fantastic.
复合不定代/副词如果有定语修饰，定语须置于复合不定代/副词之后。
e.g. Did you do anything fun on your holiday
I did nothing special.
Yesterday, I met someone interesting.
I’d like to live somewhere quiet.
some-类的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，用在一般疑问句中时表示想得到对方的肯定回答。
e.g. There is something under the table.
Would you like something to drink
any-类的复合不定代词一般用于否定句或疑问句中，表示“某事；某物；某人”；也可用于肯定句或条件从句中，表示“任何东西；任何人”。
e.g. I didn’t see anything in the room.
Do you know anything about English learning
If anyone sees Lisa, ask her to call me.
no-类的复合不定代词表示否定的意义。
e.g. There is nothing to do in our village.
There is no one else in the classroom.
2. some 和 any
这两个代词既可代替或修饰可数名词，也可代替或修饰不可数名词。
some 多用于肯定句
any 则多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句
e.g. A: Are there any apples in the fridge
B: Yes, there are some. / No, there aren’t any.
A: Is there any water in the bottle
B: Yes, there is some water. / No, there isn’t any water.
但是，在“ Would you like some tea ”这类疑问句中则用 some ，而不用 any ，这是因为说话人希望得到对方肯定的答复。
3. many 和 much
这两个词均表示“很多”
many 只代替或修饰可数名词复数
much 只代替或修饰不可数名词
e.g. In the future, many people will live in outer space.
There isn’t much water left in the bottle.
I’m afraid the kids spend too much time online.
4. few 与 a few; little 和 a little
few 与 a few 代替或修饰可数名词复数
little 与 a little 代替或修饰不可数名词
few和 little “很少；几乎没有”，侧重“否定”的含义；
a few 和 a little “一些”， 侧重“肯定” 的含义。
e.g. We stayed in the old town for a few days.
Don’t worry. There is a little time left.
Few people know what happened.
There is now little hope of success.
A: Did you do __________ interesting on your holiday
B: No, __________ special. How about you
A: Well, I went to Hangzhou and spent a few days there.
B: Really __________ says the scenery around the West Lake is so beautiful.
A: It is. We had a wonderful experience.
B: Great! So, did you go there with __________
Complete the conversation with the correct indefinite pronouns.
anything
nothing
Everyone /
Everybody
anyone
A: Yes, I went with my family. Oh! I just remembered. I got you __________ as a gift. Here you are!
B: Wow, it’s a silk scarf. Thank you!
A: You’re welcome!
something
A: Did you do anything interesting on your holiday
B: No, nothing special. How about you
A: Well, I went to Hangzhou and spent a few days there.
B: Really Everyone / Everybody says the scenery around the West Lake is so beautiful.
A: It is. We had a wonderful experience.
B: Great! So, did you go there with anyone
A: Yes, I went with my family. Oh! I just remembered. I got you something as a gift. Here you are!
B: Wow, it’s a silk scarf. Thank you!
A: You’re welcome!
Read the conversation with your partner.
介绍一次旅行
时态：一般过去时
A: Did you do anything interesting on your holiday
B: No, nothing special. How about you
A: Well, I went to Hangzhou and spent a few days there.
B: Really Everyone / Everybody says the scenery around the West Lake is so beautiful.
A: It is. We had a wonderful experience.
B: Great! So, did you go there with anyone
A: Yes, I went with my family. Oh! I just remembered. I got you something as a gift. Here you are!
B: Wow, it’s a silk scarf. Thank you!
A: You’re welcome!
没什么特殊的
几天
西湖周围的风景
一次美好的体验
Complete the sentences with the correct indefinite pronouns.
根据具体的句子结构和语境，选择合适的复合不定代词
every-类用于所有句式
some-类一般用于肯定句
any-类一般用于否定句或疑问句
thing的复合词通常表示物，body和one的复合词则多表示人
____ It rained heavily when I arrived at the town, so I could
do nothing but stay in the hotel.
____ __________ had left a book in my room, and that was exactly what I needed.
____ It was a nice hotel. The bed was comfortable and __________ was clean.
____ It was summer. __________ was ready to find somewhere to go.
____“Look at the sky!” said an excited voice. “How amazing! I never saw __________ like this!”
____ I was so bored that I decided to find __________ to read.
____ I decided to visit a town close to my city, but I couldn’t find __________ to go with me.
____ I stood up and walked towards the window. There was a beautiful double rainbow across the sky.
1
Someone
everything
Everybody/
Everyone
something
anyone
anything
Then put the sentences in order to make a story.
排序题是一种将多项事实进行排序的细节理解题，要求根据事件或动作发生的先后顺序以及句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件或事物发展变化的正确顺序。
解题时通常采用逻辑定位法、空间排序法或时间排序法，即按照事件发展或说明事物的逻辑顺序、不同空间或不同时间背景进行排序。做完之后，再读一遍材料，从语意、语境的角度核查全文意思是否通顺、结构是否合理。
____ It rained heavily when I arrived at the town, so I could
do nothing but stay in the hotel.
____ __________ had left a book in my room, and that was exactly what I needed.
____ It was a nice hotel. The bed was comfortable and __________ was clean.
____ It was summer. _________ was ready to find somewhere to go.
____“Look at the sky!” said an excited voice. “How amazing! I never saw __________ like this!”
____ I was so bored that I decided to find __________ to read.
____ I decided to visit a town close to my city, but I couldn’t find __________ to go with me.
____ I stood up and walked towards the window. There was a beautiful double rainbow across the sky.
1
Someone
everything
Everybody/
Everyone
something
anyone
anything
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
It was summer. Everybody was ready to find somewhere to go.
I decided to visit a town close to my city, but I couldn’t find anyone to go with me.
It rained heavily when I arrived at the town, so I could do nothing but stay in the hotel.
It was a nice hotel. The bed was comfortable and everything was clean.
I was so bored that I decided to find something to read.
Someone had left a book in my room, and that was exactly what I needed.
“Look at the sky!” said an excited voice. “How amazing! I never saw anything like this!”
I stood up and walked towards the window. There was a beautiful double rainbow across the sky.
Read the story.
Everyone
It was summer. Everybody was ready to find somewhere to go.
I decided to visit a town close to my city, but I couldn’t find anyone to go with me.
It rained heavily when I arrived at the town, so I could do nothing but stay in the hotel.
It was a nice hotel. The bed was comfortable and everything was clean.
I was so bored that I decided to find something to read.
Someone had left a book in my room, and that was exactly what I needed.
I stood up and walked towards the window. There was a beautiful double rainbow across the sky.
“Look at the sky!” said an excited voice. “How amazing! I never saw anything like this!”
Everyone
be ready to do准备做……
参观一个城镇
一个激动的声音说道
多么令人惊奇啊！
挂在天空中的双彩虹
只有；只是
根据所给词语提示将下列汉语句子翻译成英语。
1. 他们周末什么也没干。(nothing)
2. John昨天什么也没说。 (anything)
3. 刚才有人在我的课桌上放了一杯牛奶。(someone)
4. 我觉得太无聊了。我希望能做一些有趣的事情。(something)
Someone put a glass of milk on my desk just now.
They did nothing at the weekend.
John didn’t say anything yesterday.
I feel too bored. I hope to do something interesting.
Continue the story in 3c using your imagination. Be sure to use indefinite pronouns.
I turned around and saw someone standing outside. He saw me and said, “It’s so beautiful!” I nodded. He introduced himself as Alex, a traveler who was also staying at the hotel. He said he was looking for something to do. We walked around the town together, sharing stories and laughing. It was nice to have someone to talk to. Everything goes well at the town.
Read the sentences and notice the simple past tense.
Did you do anything interesting on your holiday No, nothing special. But I met someone interesting.
Did you go anywhere interesting Yes, I went to Yunnan.
Did you go with anyone Yes, I went with my family.
Did you eat something special Yes, we did! Everything tasted good, especially the steamed chicken soup. Everyone loved it.
时态是____________。
语法结构：主语 + 动词的过去式 + 其他。
一般过去时
Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他
一般过去时
1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如just now, last night, yesterday, two weeks ago, in 2024等。
2. 谓语动词要用过去式，其构成分为规则和不规则两类。
过去某个时间
过去某个时间的动作或状态
与表示过去的时间状语连用
动词要用过去式
3. 一般过去时的肯定式、否定式、疑问式和简略答语构成：
一般过去时 含系动词be 含实义动词
肯定式 主语 + was / were + 其他. 主语 + 动词的过去式 + 其他.
否定式 主语 + was / were + not (wasn't / weren't) + 其他. 主语 + did + not (didn't) + 动词原形 + 其他.
一般疑问句式 Was / Were + 主语 + 其他 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他
简略答语（肯定） Yes, 主语(人称代词) + was / were. Yes, 主语(人称代词) + did.
简略答语（否定） No, 主语(人称代词) + wasn't / weren't. No, 主语(人称代词) + didn't.
一般过去时 含系动词be 含实义动词
特殊疑问句式 疑问词(不作主语) + was / were + 主语 + 其他 疑问词(作主语) + was / were + 其他 疑问词(不作主语) + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他
疑问词(作主语) + 动词的过去式 + 其他
4. There be结构的一般过去时，其基本句式如下：
肯定式：There was / were + 主语 + 地点/时间状语.
否定式：There was / were + not (wasn't / weren't) + 主语 + 地点/时间状语.
疑问式：Was / Were + there + 主语 + 地点/时间状语
简略答语(肯定)：Yes, there was / were.
简略答语(否定)：No, there wasn't / weren't.
scenery n. 风景；景色 (不可数名词)
1. Everyone says the scenery around the West Lake is so beautiful.
大家都说西湖周围的风景很美。
e.g. The best part of the trip was the fantastic scenery.
此次旅行最精彩之处就是那美妙绝伦的风景。
scenery 整体的自然风景。 the beautiful
scenery of Guilin
landscape 多指在内陆的自然风光。 a landscape of mountains
scene 展现在眼前的景色，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内，具有动态感。 street scenes
Act I, scene 1.
view 强调从特定位置或角度看到的景色。(通常指从远处或高处眺望到的壮丽自然风景) a fantastic view
from the mountaintop
sight 侧重指旅游观光的风光，包括城市景色或自然风光景色。(名胜古迹) famous sights
【语境应用】用scenery, scene, sight, view, landscape完成句子
1) The Great Wall is one of the ________ of the world.
2) The best part of the trip was the fantastic _________.
3) The _______ from the top of the tower was beautiful.
4) A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains (《千里江山图》) shows a blue-green ___________.
5) The sunrise was a beautiful ________.
view
sights
scenery
landscape
scene
2. It rained heavily when I arrived at the town, so I could do nothing but stay in the hotel.
当我到达城镇时，雨下得很大，所以我只能待在旅馆里。
nothing but 只有；只是 =only
e.g. *He is nothing but a child.
他不过是个孩子。
*The room has nothing but a table.
房间只有一张桌子。
ready adj. 准备好的 (不用于名词前)
prepared “做好准备的”，常可和ready换用
3. Everybody / Everyone was ready to find somewhere to go.
每个人都准备找个地方出去。
e.g. *Are you nearly ready
你快准备好了吗
*They will get ready / prepared for the game soon.
他们很快就会为比赛做好准备。
be ready to do sth 马上要（做某事）愿意做（某事）
= be ready for sth.
e.g. *Everything is ready, and we’re ready to leave.
所有的东西都准备好了，我们可以走了。
*I am ready to take the test. = I am ready for the test.
我准备好参加测验了。
get ready to do sth. 准备好做某事
= get ready for 为……做好准备
e.g. Susan is getting ready to work.
= Susan is getting ready for work. Susan准备好工作了。
ready adv. already done 已做完；已完成
e.g. They seem to live on ready-cooked meals.
他们好像就吃方便餐过日子。
somewhere adv. & pron. 某处；某个地方
(常用于肯定句中。如果期望对方给予肯定回答时，它也可以用于疑问句中。)
anywhere adv. & pron. 在任何地方；随便哪个地方
(可用于否定句或疑问句代替somewhere)
形容词或副词修饰somewhere, anywhere的时候，应位于其后做后置定语。
e.g. *I saw him somewhere before. 我以前在什么地方见过他。
*I want to live somewhere quiet.
我想住在某个安静的地方。
*Can we go somewhere warm 我们能去暖和的地方吗？
everywhere adv. 在各个地方；到处
e.g. *His children go everywhere with him.
他的孩子们和他一起去任何地方。
*I looked everywhere for my keys.
我到处找我的锁匙。
e.g. *Mary feels bored today because she has nothing to do.
Mary今天感到无聊，因为她没有事可做。
*He was easily bored.
他很容易感到厌烦。
bored adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的 (多作表语，也可作定语，表示人的主观感受，即感觉到无聊或厌倦。 )
4. I was so bored that I decided to find something to read.
我太无聊了，决定找点东西读。
e.g. *I am never bored with his stories.
我对他的故事从不厌烦。
*Dave is getting bored with the computer game.
Dave对电脑游戏越来越厌烦了。
*She is bored with doing the same thing every day.
她厌倦了每天做同样的事情。
be / get bored with
be bored with doing sth.
对某人、某事物或做某事感到无聊或厌倦
boring & bored
词条 区别
bored （某人）对……感到厌倦
boring （某人或某物）令人感到厌倦
e.g. *She was bored with her life in a small town.
她对自己在小镇的生活厌倦。
*The book is too boring, so you don’t need to read it.
这本书太无聊了，所以你不需要读。
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 他们厌倦每天等公共汽车。
__________________________________________________
2) 我从不厌烦我的父母。
__________________________________________________
3) Dave现在对这个故事厌倦了。
__________________________________________________
Dave is bored with this story now.
They are bored with waiting for buses every day.
I'm never bored with my parents.
e.g. *The old man is so weak that he can’t stand up.
这个老人是如此虚弱，他几乎站不起来。
*It’s so big a cake that we can’t eat it up today.
蛋糕太大了，我们今天吃不完。
*There was so much smoke that they couldn’t see anything in the room.
房间里烟雾非常浓，导致他们什么都看不到。
so ... that 如此……以致……，常用来引导结果状语从句
so + adj. / adv. + that从句
so + adj. + a / an +单数可数名词+ that从句
so + adj. +不可数名词/复数可数名词+ that从句
I was so bored that I decided to find something to read.
【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
1) 我太累了今天晚上不想出去了。
I’m ________ ________ ________ I don’t want to go out tonight.
2) 他说得如此快，导致我们没有听懂。
He spoke ________ ________ ________ we couldn’t understand him.
3) 这是个如此重要的会，我不能迟到。
It’s ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ I can’t be late for it.
so tired that
so fast that
so important a meeting that
stand up 站起；起立
4. I stood up and walked towards the window.
e.g. The children stood up when the teacher walked into the room.
当老师走进房间时，孩子们站了起来。
towards (= toward) prep. 向；朝
e.g. *She stood up and walked towards him.
她站起身来，向他走去。
*All the windows face towards the river.
所有的窗户都朝向河。
复合不定代词 复合不定副词
-thing -body -one -where
some系列 something somebody someone somewhere
any系列 anything anybody anyone anywhere
every系列 everything everybody everyone everywhere
no系列 nothing nobody no one nowhere
some-类一般用于肯定句
表示想得到对方的肯定回答的一般疑问句
any-类一般用于否定句或疑问句
every-类用于所有句式(肯/疑/否)
不定代词+adj.
根据图示及语境，从方框中选择恰当的不定代词填空。
someone, something, nothing, everyone, anything
1. There is __________ in the box.
2. Dan is talking to __________ on the phone.
3. He read the book, but he didn't understand __________.
4. I told a joke and __________ in the room laughed.
5. I feel hungry. I need __________ to eat.
nothing
someone
anything
everyone
something
I can
了解并体会含有复合不定代词的句式结构、意义和用法。
学会并运用一般过去时的各种句式以及复合不定代词谈论自己或别人的假期活动。
Review Grammar Focus.
Preview Section B.
Read the new words.
Read Vincent’s diary entries.
Ask one of your friends about his/her last vacation and do a report with simple past tense and indefinite pronouns.
(places of interest; food; activities; something special…)

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