【弯道超车】Unit 5 Wild animals 核心语法之动词不定式作宾语-2025年译林版(2024)新八年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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【弯道超车】Unit 5 Wild animals 核心语法之动词不定式作宾语-2025年译林版(2024)新八年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025年译林版(2024)新八年级英语上册精讲精练
Unit 5 Wild animals
核心语法:动词不定式作宾语
一、 定义与概念
宾语 (Object): 跟在及物动词后面,表示动作的承受者或对象。
动词不定式 (to do): 非谓语动词的一种基本形式,由 to + 动词原形 构成。
动词不定式作宾语: 当一个动词不定式短语放在另一个及物动词后面,充当其宾语时,这就是动词不定式作宾语。
基本句型:
主语 + 谓语动词 + to do (不定式作宾语) ...
She wants to leave. (她想离开。)
wants 是谓语动词,to leave 是动词不定式,作 wants 的宾语,说明“想”的内容。
They decided to start a new project. (他们决定启动一个新项目。)
decided 是谓语动词,to start a new project 是动词不定式短语,作 decided 的宾语,说明“决定”的内容。
二、 常用后接不定式作宾语的动词
核心记忆: 许多表示意愿、计划、希望、决定等的动词,后面常接不定式作宾语。以下是一些必须掌握的常见动词:
动词 含义 示例
want 想要 I want to be a doctor. (我想成为一名医生。)
would like 想要(更礼貌) I would like to order some food. (我想要点一些食物。)
hope 希望 We hope to see you again. (我们希望再次见到你。)
wish 希望,愿望 He wishes to travel around the world. (他希望环游世界。)
plan 计划 They plan to build a new school. (他们计划建一所新学校。)
decide 决定 She decided to study abroad. (她决定出国留学。)
agree 同意 He agreed to help us. (他同意帮助我们。)
refuse 拒绝 The boy refused to tell the truth. (这个男孩拒绝说实话。)
choose 选择 They chose to stay at home. (他们选择呆在家里。)
learn 学习 She is learning to drive. (她在学开车。)
promise 承诺 I promise to finish the work on time. (我承诺按时完成工作。)
offer 主动提出 He offered to carry the box for me. (他主动提出帮我搬箱子。)
try 尝试 Please try to be quiet. (请尽量保持安静。)
need 需要 You need to practice more. (你需要多练习。)
begin / start 开始 It started to rain. (开始下雨了。)
forget 忘记(要做) Don't forget to turn off the lights. (别忘了关灯。)
remember 记得(要做) Please remember to call me. (记得给我打电话。)
三、 重要句型结构
1. 动词 + 疑问词 + to do
不定式前面可以加疑问词(what, which, when, where, how等),共同充当宾语。这个结构相当于一个名词短语。
I don't know what to do. (我不知道该做什么。)
She can't decide which one to choose. (她不能决定选哪一个。)
He forgot how to open the door. (他忘了怎么开门。)
We are learning how to use this software. (我们正在学习如何使用这个软件。)
2. 动词 + it(形式宾语) + 宾补 + to do(真正宾语)
当不定式作宾语,后面还有宾语补足语时,常用 it 作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语(不定式)放在句末。
主语 + 动词 + it + 形容词/名词 + to do...
I find it difficult to understand him. (我发现理解他很难。)
it 是形式宾语,to understand him 是真正的宾语,difficult 是宾语补足语。
He thinks it his duty to help others. (他认为帮助别人是他的责任。)
They make it a rule to do exercise every day. (他们把每天锻炼定为一条规则。)
四、 易错点与难点辨析
1. 不定式 to do vs. 动名词 doing 作宾语
有些动词后面既可以接 to do 也可以接 doing 作宾语,但意思差别很大。八年级阶段需掌握以下两个最经典的例子:
forget to do sth. (忘记要去做某事 → 事情还没做)
I forgot to close the window. (我忘记关窗户了。→ 没关)
forget doing sth. (忘记做过某事了 → 事情已经做了但忘了)
I forgot closing the window. (我忘记我已经关过窗户了。→ 关了但忘了)
remember to do sth. (记得要去做某事 → 事情还没做)
Remember to post the letter. (记得去寄信。→ 还没寄)
remember doing sth. (记得做过某事了 → 事情已经做了且记得)
I remember posting the letter. (我记得寄过信了。→ 寄了)
2. 省略 to 的不定式
在使役动词(let, make, have) 和感官动词(see, hear, watch, feel等) 后,作宾语补足语的不定式要省略 to。但作宾语时,to 不能省略。
(作宾补)My mother made me clean my room. (妈妈让我打扫房间。→ make sb. do sth.)
(作宾语)I need to clean my room. (我需要打扫房间。→ need to do sth.)
五、 总结
核心结构: 动词 + to do sth.
核心动词: 牢记常接不定式作宾语的动词(want, hope, plan, decide, agree, learn等)。
特殊结构:
动词 + 疑问词 + to do
动词 + it + 宾补 + to do
易混点: 注意 forget/remember to do 和 forget/remember doing 的区别。
1.I prefer up early so that I can have enough time to read English.
A.get B.to get C.getting D.gets
2.Remember our homework here, Jim.
A.to take B.to bring C.taking D.bringing
3.My teacher wants ____________ me.
A.to help B.help C.helping D.helped
4.Qiqi hopes ________ medicine in Sichuan University.
A.studies B.studying C.to study
5.If I said that, I didn’t mean _______ anyone.
A.hurt B.to hurt C.hurting D.to hurting
6.She wants________an orange.
A.to eat B.eating C.eat D.eats
7.It’s reported that China plans ________ astronauts to the moon before 2030.
A.send B.sending C.to send
8.We can’t use the phone in class because we need to ________ on learning.
A.focus B.focuses C.focusing D.focused
9.My friend Tom volunteered ______ in the countryside two years ago.
A.to work B.work C.working D.works
10.I hope ________ a dancer in the future so I plan ________ for an hour every day.
A.to be; to dance B.to be; dancing C.being; to dancing D.to be, dance
11.I hope ________ you soon.
A.hearing from B.to hear from C.get from D.to get from
12.Henry was trying ________ the snake up when it bit him again.
A.pick B.picks C.picked D.to pick
13.I want ________ the blue T-shirt.
A.get B.gets C.to get D.getting
14.My friend likes to ________ books.
A.read B.reads C.reading D.to read
15.Mr. King _______ Kaizhou.
A.want to visit B.wants to visit C.want visiting D.wants visiting
16.We should try ________ Chinese in the English class.
A.not to speak B.don’t speak C.to not speak D.not speak
17.They want _______a football match.
A.not watch B.watch C.to watch
18.You need ________some warm clothes.
A.wear B.to wear C.wore
19.You seem ________ your English class a lot.
A.enjoying B.enjoy C.to enjoy
20.–What are you going to do this weekend
–I’d like ________ my parents.
A.to visit B.visit C.visiting D.visits
21.I find _________ hard for me __________ the work in such a short time.
A.it; finishing B.it’s; finish
C.it; to finish D.it’s; finishing
22.—Would you like ________ noodles for breakfast
—Sure. I like ________ noodles very much for breakfast.
A.have; having B.having; having C.to have; having D.to have; have
23.I would like ______ shopping, but I don’t have ________ money.
A.go, some B.going, many C.goes, a lot D.to go, any
24.Tom was supposed ________ the classroom yesterday, but he forgot it.
A.cleaned B.to clean C.cleans D.cleaning
25.Peter would like ________ rice and chicken for dinner.
A.having B.to have C.have
26.He preferred ____ shopping with me.
A.go B.to go C.went D.goes
27.—Let’s go to the movies this weekend.
—Sorry, but my parents and I have decided ________ to Dong jiang Lake for camping.
A.go B.going C.to go D.went
28.She is good at playing the piano. And she will learn _________next year.
A.painting B.to paint C.to painting D.paints
29.—Where are you going for vacation, John
—I plan ________ to Dalian.
A.go B.going C.went D.to go
30.Tom, don't play with your toy alone. You must learn_______.
A.to play B.to share C.playing D.sharing
31.Although Jim failed ________ the early bus, he managed ________ on time.
A.catching; arriving B.to catch; to arrive C.catching; to arrive D.to catch; arriving
32.The Great Wall is so famous that a large number of travellers wish ______ it.
A.visit B.visiting C.to visit D.visited
33.William Shakespeare decided ________ to London and work there.
A.to go B.go C.went D.going
34.He prefers ________ at home rather than ________ out.
A.to stay; go B.staying; going C.to stay; going D.stay; go
35.He refused ________ part in the sports meeting yesterday.
A.takes B.taking C.to take D.take
36.—What do you expect ______ from your hard work
—Nothing, I just want to try my best.
A.get B.got C.getting D.to get
37.Tom doesn’t want ______ the swimming club.
A.to join B.join C.joining
38.My friend Bob likes playing football,so he wants _________ a football club.
A.join B.to join C.to take part D.to take part in
39.—It's already 1 A.M. Why do you stay up again
—I plan _____ the soccer game. It's the final.
A.to watch B.watching C.watch
40.—What does your brother want ________ when he finishes his school
—He might be a doctor, but my parents want him ________ a teacher.
A.be; become B.to be; to become
C.to be; become D.be; to become
41.We need ________ a foreign language well.
A.learn B.learning C.to learn
42.—Let’s ________ tennis after school.
—Sorry, I want ________.
A.play; swim B.to play; to swim C.to play; swim D.play; to swim
43.—There is a singing competition this afternoon. I hope ________ excellent grades.
—Good luck.
A.get B.to get C.getting D.got
44.I’m not sure, but he’s supposed ________ sometime next week.
A.return B.returns C.to return D.returning
45.They plan ________ America next week.
A.to visit B.visit C.visiting D.visited
46.I need ________ the vegetables now; they need ________ every day.
A.to water; to water B.watering; to water C.watering; watering D.to water; watering
47.Tony, remember with your mouth full of food.
A.to talk B.not to talk C.talking
48.The old man needs ________ some exercise every day.
A.got B.gets C.get D.to get
49.We don't need _______ fast. The train won't leave until 11o'clock.
A.walk B.to walk C.walking D.walked
50.—I want ________ a pair of shoes.
—What color do you like
A.to buy B.buy C.buys
51.I have decided ________ there by air.
A.go B.going C.to go D.went
52.He often ____,but sometimes he likes ______.
A.watches TV,to do some reading B.watching TV,to do reading
C.look at TV,do the reading D.watch at TV,do the reading
53.I found not easy the environment.
A.it; to improve B.them; to improve
C.it; improve D.them; by improving
54.Over a thousand years ago, silk began ________ the world.
A.to be known for B.to be known to C.to be known as D.to be known by
55.What would you like ________
A.drink B.drinks C.to drink D.eat
56.English is important to us. We should try _______ it hard.
A.stu dy B.studied C.studies D.to study
57.Grandma couldn’t catch up with me so I had to stop ________ her.
A.waiting for B.to wait for C.waiting D.waited
58.Mary is shy. She is afraid ________ the questions before all the classmates.
A.answering B.answered C.answer D.to answer
59.Tony wants _______a job as a language teacher in China.
A.to find B.finding C.find
60.I'd like Tom today.
A.to visit B.visit C.visits D.will visit
61.I can’t tell you what she said. I’ve promised _________ it a secret.
A.keep B.to keep C.keeping D.kept
62.I have mentioned it to her, but she refused ________.
A.listen B.listening C.listened D.to listen
63.—Would you like ________ a film with me
—Yes, I’d love to. It’s so exciting.
A.see B.to see C.seeing
64.Millie needs ________ healthy.
A.to look B.keep C.to stay D.go
65.I will tell you a secret, but you must promise it around.
A.not spread B.not to spread
C.don't spread D.to not spread
66.—There will be a Maths test (考试) next week. Do we need ________ late
—I think there is no need ________ us to do that. Listen carefully at class.
A.to study; for B.studying; to C.to study; to D.studying; for
67.Tom studied hard and tried ______ the exam.
A.pass B.passes C.to pass D.passing
68.Sally plans ___________ shopping with her friends tomorrow.
A.to go B.goes C.going D.go
69.They hope ________the basketball match.
A.win B.won C.to win D.winning
70.—Jack, remember ________ your umbrella with you and don’t forget ________ it home.
—OK, Mom.
A.taking; bringing B.take; bring C.to bring; to take D.to take; to bring
71.Yesterday was Tree Planting Day. We planned______trees by the river.
A.plant B.planting C.to plant D.planted
72.We couldn’t afford ________ any more staff.
A.lose B.losing C.to lose D.lost
73.I used to listen to classical music but now I ________ listen to it.
A.hate B.hate to C.like D.am
74.Many old men prefer ____ in the peaceful countryside.
A.to live B.lives C.live D.lived
75.We are too tired. Let’s stop ________ a rest.
A.to have B.have C.having
76.He needs ________ you some questions.
A.ask B.asks C.to ask D.asked
77.Don’t forget ________ the rubbish out when you leave.
A.taking B.bringing
C.to take D.to bring
78.—Would you like ________ swimming with us
—Sure, I’d love to.
A.to go B.go C.going D.to going
79.We promise _________ the Earth.
A.to pollute B.not to pollute C.pollute D.not pollute
80.His grandfather always forgets ________ the door, but yesterday he remembered ________ it.
A.to close; to close B.closing; closing C.to close; closing D.closing; to close
81.They decided ________ there on foot.
A.go B.going C.went D.to go
82.David often forgets _____ his English book.
A.to bring B.bring
C.brought D.brings
83.On weekends, I don’t want to watch TV, but my mother ________ it.
A.like watch B.likes to watch
C.like watching D.likes to watching
84.You look too tired. Why not ________ a rest
A.stop to have B.to stop having C.stop having D.to stop to have
85.Do you want _________
A.to make my friend B.to be my friend C.making my friend D.being my friend
86.We try   our teacher down.
A.not let B.let
C.to let D.not to let
87.I can't tell you what she said. I've promised ________ it a secret.
A.keep B.to keep C.keeping D.kept
88.(易错题)I tried _________ there on time, but I was too late.
A.not to get to B.not to get C.to get D.getting
89.You look tired. You’d better ________ a good rest.
A.stop having B.stop to have C.to stop to have D.to stop having
90.What are you going to ________this evening
A.do B.does C.doing D.did
91.I know nothing about this problem, so I don’t know _________ at the meeting.
A.to say what B.say what C.what say D.what to say
92.I want to use it now. Don't forget ________ it here.
A.to bring B.bringing C.to take D.taking
93.--Do you like hamburgers for dinner
-- No,I don’t want _______.
A.to eat it B.fat
C.to be fat D.unhealthy
94.You need ________ more vegetables every day.
A.to eating B.to eat C.eating D.eats.
95.Dan wishes ________ the plane to Beijing.
A.to take B.take
C.takes D.taking
96.Britney couldn’t wait her present after she it.
A.to open; got B.open; gets C.opening; got D.to open; gets
97.When my friend saw me this morning, he stopped ________ to me.
A.talk B.to talk C.talking D.to talking
98.The math problem is so hard. I really don't know .
A.how to do it B.how to do C.what to do it D.what to do
99.—What do we need ___________ for dinner
—Some vegetables and cakes.
A.buy B.to buy C.buying D.buys
100.--Will you please show me how to operate the new machine
--Sure. It’s a piece of cake. Now let me tell you _____ to do first.
A.what B.how C.whether D.which
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1.B
【解析】句意:我更喜欢早起,这样我就能有足够的时间读英语。
考查非谓语动词。prefer to do sth.是固定短语,意为“更喜欢做某事”,所以此处应用动词不定式to get。故选B。
2.B
【解析】句意:Jim,记得把我们的作业带到这里来。
考查动词词义辨析和动词不定式的用法。take 带去;bring 带来。根据“here”可知,空格处指把作业带来,故排除AC;remember to do sth.“记住要去做某事”;remember doing sth.“记住做过某事”。根据语境指这件事还没做,故用动词不定式作宾语。故选B。
3.A
【解析】句意:我的老师想要帮助我。
考查非谓语动词。help是动词,意为“帮助”;want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。故选A。
4.C
【解析】句意:琪琪希望去四川大学学医。
考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth“希望做某事”,故选C。
5.B
【解析】句意:如果我说了那个,我并不是有意要伤害任何人。
考查非谓语动词。mean to do sth.“打算做某事;有意做某事”,固定短语。根据句意可知,此处表示“我并不是有意要伤害任何人”,所以应该用mean to hurt。故选B。
6.A
【解析】句意:她想要一个桔子。本题考查动词不定式作宾语。“想要做某事”是want to do sth.,want后接动词不定式。故选A。
7.C
【解析】句意:据报道,中国计划在2030年前将宇航员送上月球。
考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth“计划做某事”,为固定短语,故选C。
8.A
【解析】句意:我们不能在课堂上使用手机,因为我们需要集中精力学习。
考查非谓语动词。focus集中,动词原形;focuses集中,动词三单;focusing集中,动名词;focused集中,动词过去式/过去分词。根据“need to...”可知此处为动词短语need to do,意为“需要做某事”,故选A。
9.A
【解析】句意:两年前我的朋友汤姆志愿在乡下工作。volunteer to do sth,自愿做某事,结合句意,故选A。
10.A
【解析】句意:我希望在未来成为一名舞蹈家,因此我打算每天练习跳舞一个小时。
考查非谓语。to be 成为,动词不定式;being成为,现在分词形式;dance 跳舞,动词原形;to dance 跳舞,动词不定式;to dancing错误形式。第一空,考查hope to do sth“希望做某事”,空处需要不定式做宾语,故填to be;第二个空,考查plan to do sth“计划做某事”,此处要不定式作宾语,故填to dance。故选A。
11.B
【解析】句意:我希望很快收到你的来信。
考查hope的用法。hear from收到……的来信;get from从……得到。hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事”,为固定搭配,A、C选项可排除。根据语境可知,此处是“收到你的来信”,故选B。
12.D
【解析】句意:当这条蛇再次咬亨利时,他尽力将它抓起来。
考查动词不定式作宾语。try to do sth.尽力做某事,为固定搭配,所以,此处“trying”后只能接不定式作宾语。故选D。
13.C
【解析】句意:我想得到那件蓝色T恤。
考查非谓语动词。get动词原形;gets单三式;to get动词不定式;getting动名词。想干某事:want to do sth.,固定用法。故选C。
14.A
【解析】句意:我的朋友喜欢读书。
考查非谓语动词。read阅读;reads三单形式;reading动词的形式;to read动词不定式。like to do sth喜欢做某事;故用动词原形。故选A。
15.B
【解析】句意:金先生想去开州旅游。本题考查want的用法。根据短语want to do sth. 想要做某事。可知,故排除C和D;此句是一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数Mr. King,谓语want应该使用其第三人称单数形式wants。故排除A,故选B。
16.A
【解析】句意:我们应该努力不要在英语课上说汉语。
考查动词短语和非谓语动词。try to do sth.“尽力做某事”,应用不定式作宾语;不定式的否定形式为not to do,try not to do sth.“努力不去做某事”。故选A。
17.C
【解析】句意:他们想看一场足球比赛。
考查动词的用法。not watch动词原形的否定;watch观看,动词原形;to watch动词不定式。根据want的用法want to do sth“想要做某事”可知,这里用动词不定式作宾语。故选C。
18.B
【解析】句意:你需要穿一些衣服。
考查非谓语动词。wear动词原形;to wear动词不定式;wore动词过去式。根据“You need…some warm clothes.”,可知句式为need to do sth表示“需要做某事”,因此动词need后接动词不定式to wear,故选B。
19.C
【解析】句意:你似乎很喜欢你的英语课。
考查非谓语。seem to do sth.“似乎做某事”,动词短语。故选C。
20.A
【解析】A 考查不定式的用法。句意为:--这个周末你打算干什么?---我想去看望我父母。Ato visit动词不定式; Bvisit动词原形; Cvisiting动名词或现在分词形式; Dvisits单三形式。 would/should like to do sth. 想要做…,故答案为A。
21.C
【解析】句意:我发现对于我来说在这么短的时间内完成这工作很困难。
考查非谓语动词。此题考查固定结构“sb. finds it + 形容词 + to do sth.”,意为“某人发现做某事怎么样”。其中it为形式宾语,不定式为真正的宾语。故选C。
22.C
【解析】句意:——你早餐想吃面条吗?——当然,我早餐很喜欢吃面条。
考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth意为“想要做某事”;like doing sth意为“喜欢做某事”。故选C。
23.D
【解析】句意:我想去购物,但是我没有任何钱。would like to do sth想做某事;some一些,用于肯定句;any一些,任何的,用于否定句和疑问句;many+可数名词复数;a lot修饰动词;故选D
24.B
【解析】句意:汤姆昨天本该打扫教室,但他忘记了。
考查固定搭配。be supposed to do“应该做某事”,固定搭配,故选B。
25.B
【解析】句意:彼得晚餐想吃米饭和鸡肉。
考查非谓语。would like to do想要做,动词不定式作宾语。故选B。
26.B
【解析】句意:他更喜欢和我一起去购物。
考查动词不定式的用法。动词“prefer”后通常接动词不定式,表示“更喜欢做某事”。故选B。
27.C
【解析】句意:——这个周末我们去看电影吧。——对不起,我和父母决定去东江湖露营。
考查非谓语。decide to do sth.“决定做某事” ,不定式作宾语。故选C。
28.B
【解析】句意:她很擅长弹钢琴。明年她又要学画画。
考查动词不定式作宾语。learn to do“学习做某事”,故选B。
29.D
【解析】句意:——约翰,你打算去哪里度假?——我计划去大连。
考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth.“计划去做某事”,所此此处使用动词不定式。故选D。
30.B
【解析】句意:Tom,不要独自玩你的玩具。你必须学会分享。
考查动词辨析和动词短语。根据learn to do sth.可知,learn后要用动词不定式作宾语,故排除C和D。又根据“don't play with your toy alone.”可知,应该是学会分享,A项to play表示去玩,B项to share表示去分享。故选B。
31.B
【解析】句意:虽然吉姆没能赶上早班车,但他还是设法准时到了。
考查非谓语动词。catch搭乘,赶上,动词;arrive“到达,抵达”,动词;第一空,fail to do sth.“未能做成某事”,固定搭配,需用动词不定式to catch,排除A和C;第二空,manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”,固定搭配,需用动词不定式to arrive,排除D。故选B。
32.C
【解析】句意:长城非常有名,许多旅行者都想去参观。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语wish to do sth“希望做某事”,故选C。
33.A
【解析】句意:威廉·莎士比亚决定去伦敦并在那里工作。
考查动词不定式。to go动词不定式;go去,动词原形;went动词过去式;going动名词或现在分词。decide to do sth表示“决定做某事”,为固定用法,所以空处用不定式。故选A。
34.A
【解析】句意:他宁愿呆在家里也不外出。
考查非谓语动词。根据“prefers...at home rather than... ”可知,此处是prefer to do sth rather than do sth“宁愿做……也不做……”,前面是带to的不定式,后面是省to的不定式。故选A。
35.C
【解析】句意:他拒绝参加昨天的运动会。
考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth“拒绝做某事”,故选C。
36.D
【解析】句意:——你想从你的辛苦工作中得到什么?——没有东西。我只想尽我最大的努力。
考查非谓语动词。expect to do期望做某事,空处应填动词不定式,故选D。
37.A
【解析】句意:汤姆不想加入游泳俱乐部。
考查非谓语动词。根据短语want to do sth.“想要做某事”可知,空格处应填动词不定式。故选A。
38.B
【解析】句意:我的朋友Bob喜欢踢足球,所以他想加入足球俱乐部。
本题考查动词。根据want to do sth. 想要做某事,故排除A.;join指加入某组织并成为其中一员,take part in 指参加某项活动,故排除C和D;故选B。
【点睛】本题考查的是动词不定式作宾语。不定式的定义是:在英语语法中,动词不定式是指动词中的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的一种形式。它之所以被称做不定式,是因为动词不被限定,或者说不被词形变化所局限。不定式属于非谓语动词形式。于英语来说接不定式的单词多为“打算”“计划”“希望”“将要做某事”等表示未来(未做的事)的动词。同样与不定式表示不同,现在分词表示正在进行,一般性或经常性发生的行为。(语态)动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语态,如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。
39.A
【解析】句意:——已经凌晨1点了。你为什么又熬夜?——我打算看足球赛。这是决赛。
考查不定式。根据空前plan可知要用plan to do sth.表示“计划做某事”,可知此处填不定式作宾语。故选A。
40.B
【解析】句意:——你哥哥毕业后想做什么?——他可能是一名医生,但我父母希望他成为一名教师。
考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.“想做某事”,固定词组;want sb. to do sth.“想要某人做某事”,固定词组。故选B。
41.C
【解析】句意:我们需要学好一门外语。
考查不定式。need可做情态动词和实意动词,做情态动词表示必要性,多用于疑问句、否定句或否定意义的句子,做实意动词时, 其用法为need sth/need to do sth;本句是陈述句,故选C。
42.D
【解析】句意:——放学后我们去打网球吧。——抱歉,我想去游泳。
考查非谓语动词。第一空根据“Let’s …tennis after school.”可知,此处为let sb do sth“让某人做某事”,空处应用动词原形,排除B、C;第二空根据“I want...”可知,此处为固定短语want to do sth“想做某事”,应用动词不定式。故选D。
43.B
【解析】句意:——今天下午有一场歌唱比赛。我希望能取得优异的成绩。——祝你好运。
考查动词不定式。短语“hope to do”意为“希望做某事”,动词不定式作宾语,故选B。
44.C
【解析】句意:我不确定,但他应该在下周某个时候回来。
考查非谓语。be supposed to do sth表示“应当,应该”,此处应该用动词不定式作宾语。故选C。
45.A
【解析】句意:他们计划下周访问美国。
考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth.计划做某事,不定式作宾语,故选A。
46.D
【解析】句意:我现在需要给蔬菜浇水;它们需要每天浇水。
考查非谓语动词。根据第一个空所在句的句意可知,此处指需要给蔬菜浇水,need to do sth.“需要做某事”;根据第二个空所在句的句意可知,此处表示需要被浇水,need doing sth.=need to be done,主动形式,表示被动含义。故选D。
47.B
【解析】句意:托尼,记得不要满嘴食物说话。
考查非谓语动词。remember to do sth记得要做某事(事情未做);remember doing sth.记得做过某事(事情已做)。本句是告诫,事情未做,用不定式;再由“with your mouth full of food”可知应是不要在嘴里有食物时说话,用动词不定式的否定式。故选B。
48.D
【解析】句意: 这位老人需要每天做些运动。
考查非谓语动词。need to do sth“需要做某事”,是固定搭配。故选D。
49.B
【解析】句意:我们不需要走的太快。火车11点出发。本题考查动词不定式。本题考查need的用法。need 作为情态动词,need do sth;作为实义动词,need to do表示句子主语需要去做某事need doing表示主语需要被做=need to be done,结合句意,故选B。
50.A
【解析】句意:——我想要买一双鞋。——你喜欢什么颜色?
考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.“想要做某事”,动词不定式作宾语。故选A。
51.C
【解析】句意:我决定乘坐飞机去那里。
考查非谓语动词。go去,原形;going动名词或现在分词;to go不定式;went过去式。根据“I have decided...”可知,decide to do sth是固定搭配,意为“决定做某事”,此处应用动词不定式作宾语。故选C。
52.A
【解析】句意:他经常看电视,但有时他喜欢看书。考查动词短语辨析。看电视:watch TV;根据频度副词often可知用一般现在时,主语he三单,故第一个空填watches TV;短语like to do sth.或like doing sth.:喜欢做某事;阅读:do some reading;结合句意和语境可知选A。
53.A
【解析】句意:我发现改善环境是不容易的。
考查it作形式宾语。it它;them它们;improve改善,根据句型find it+形容词 to do sth“发现做某事是……的”可知,空缺处应该用it作形式宾语,不定式作真正的宾语,故选A。
54.B
【解析】句意:一千多年前,丝绸开始为世界所知。
考查非谓语动词和短语辨析。be known for因……而著名; be known to为……所知;be known as被认为是……;be known by凭……而知。根据begin to do sth.“开始做某事”可知,此处要用不定式作宾语;再根据“Over a thousand years ago, silk began ... the world.”可知,此处指丝绸为世界所知,应用be known to。故选B。
55.C
【解析】句意:你想要喝什么?
考查动词不定式。drink喝;eat吃。would like to do sth表示“想要做某事”,因此like后接动词不定式。故选C。
56.D
【解析】句意:英语对我们很重要。我们应该努力学习。
考查非谓语动词。try to do sth表示“努力做某事”,动词不定式作宾语。故选D。
57.B
【解析】句意:奶奶跟不上我所以我不得不停下来等她。
考查动词不定式。wait for等待(某人/某物);wait等待。根据“I had to stop...her”可知,等待某人应用“wait for”,故排除C、D;根据句意可知,考查短语“stop to do”“停下来去做某事”。故选B。
58.D
【解析】句意:玛丽很害羞。她害怕在班级所有同学面前回答问题。
考查非谓语动词。根据“she is afraid”可知,“害怕做某事be afraid to do sth”。故选D。
59.A
【解析】句意:托尼想要在中国找一份语言教师的工作。
考查动词不定式的用法。want to do sth想要做某事。动词不定式做宾语。故选A。
60.A
【解析】句意:我今天想去拜访汤姆。
A. to visit动词不定式;B. visit动词原形;C. visits动词三单式;D. will visit一般将来时。would like to do sth.想要做某事。故答案为A。
61.B
【解析】句意:我不能告诉你她说了什么。我答应保守秘密。
考查非谓语动词。根据“I’ve promised…it a secret.”可知,空处指的是承诺做某事,promise to do sth,固定短语,故选B。
62.D
【解析】句意:我已经跟她提过它了,但她拒绝听。
考查非谓语动词,listen是动词,意为“听”,refuse to do sth.意为“拒绝做某事”,to do不定式作宾语。故选D。
63.B
【解析】句意:——你愿意和我一起去看电影吗?——是的,我很乐意。太令人兴奋了。
考查非谓语动词。根据“Would you like … a film with me ”可知,would like to do sth.“想要做某事”,因此应用不定式作宾语。故选B。
64.C
【解析】句意:米莉需要保持健康。
考查动词辨析、非谓语动词。 look看起来; keep保持;stay 保持/维持;go 变得;根据“healthy”和need to do sth“需要做某事”,可知此处填不定式,指“需要保持健康”。故选C。
65.B
【解析】试题分析:句意:我会告诉你一个秘密,但你必须保证不在周围传播它。promise (not)to do sth保证(不)做某事,所以选B。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
66.A
【解析】句意:——下周将有一次数学考试。我们需要学习到很晚吗?——我认为我们没有必要那样做。上课认真听讲。
考查非谓语动词和介词。for为了;to朝着。第一空根据“Do we need...late”可知,考查need to do sth意为“需要做某事”。第二空根据“I think there is no need...us to do that”可知,there is no need for sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事没必要”。故选A。
67.C
【解析】句意:汤姆刻苦学习,努力通过考试。try doing sth试着做某事;try to do sth努力做某事。根据Tom studied hard可知汤姆努力要通过考试,故用try to pass the exam,故选C。
68.A
【解析】句意:莎莉计划明天和她的朋友去购物。
考查动词非谓语。A. to go动词不定式;B. goes第三人称单数;C. going动名词或现在分词形式;D. go去,动词原形。根据题干可知本题考查固定搭配plan to do sth.意为:计划做某事,plan后常跟动词不定式作宾语,故答案选A。
69.C
【解析】句意:他们希望赢这场篮球比赛。
考查非谓语动词。win赢,动词原形;won是win的过去式或过去分词形式;to win动词不定式;winning动名词或现在分词形式。句中谓语动词是hope,意为“希望”,常用于句型hope to do sth.“希望去做某事”,因此这里应用动词不定式。故选C。
70.D
【解析】句意:——杰克,记得带上雨伞,别忘了带回家。——好的,妈妈。
考查非谓语动词用法。remember to do sth.“记得去做某事”;remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”;forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事”;forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事”。take“带走”;bring“带来”。根据句意可知,第一个空表达的是“记得带上雨伞”,用to take,第二个空表达“别忘了把它带回家”,用to bring,故选D。
71.C
【解析】C 考查非谓语动词用法。句意:昨天是植树节。我们原计划在河边栽树。A. plant是动词原形;B. planting是动名词; C. to plant是动词不定式;D. planted是过去式。plan to do sth.计划做某事,plan后跟动词不定式。故选C。
72.C
【解析】句意:我们不能再失去员工了。
考查非谓语动词。afford to do sth.“负担得起做某事”,动词不定式作宾语。故选C。
73.B
【解析】句意:我过去常听古典音乐,但现在我讨厌听。
考查动词辨析,hate讨厌;like喜欢;am是。根据“I used to listen to classical music but now…”可知过去常听古典音乐,但现在我讨厌听,hate to do sth“讨厌做某事”,故选B。
74.A
【解析】句意:很多老人更愿意住在安静的乡村。
to live动词不定式;lives第三人称单数形式;lived过去式;live生活,动词原形。prefer to do...更喜欢做……,故选A。
75.A
【解析】句意:我们太累了。让我们停下来休息一下吧。
考查非谓语动词。stop to do sth.“停下来去做另一件事”;stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事”。根据“We are too tired.”可知,这里说的是停下来去休息,故选A。
76.C
【解析】句意:他需要问你一些问题。
考查need的用法。根据“needs”可知,此处是行为动词,need to do sth需要做某事,使用动词不定式作宾语,故选C。
77.C
【解析】句意:你离开的时候,不要忘记倒垃圾。本题考查非谓语动词。take(从说话处拿走) ;bring拿来(拿到说话处),这里是带走,排除BD。forget to do sth.意为“忘记做某事”,强调做的动作没有发生;forget doing sth. 意为“忘记做过某事”,强调做的动作已经结束。故选C。
78.A
【解析】句意:——你想要和我们一起去游泳吗?——当然,我想去。
考查非谓语动词。go swimming去游泳,根据固定搭配would like to do sth“想要做某事”可知,应该用动词不定式作宾语,故选A。
79.B
【解析】句意:我们承诺不污染地球。
考查动词不定式。promise一般用于固定搭配promise to do sth,表示“承诺做某事”,根据后面的“the Earth”,结合选项,可判断是承诺不污染地球,用promise not to do sth.“承诺不做某事”,故选B。
80.C
【解析】句意:他爷爷总是忘记关门,但是昨天他记着关上了。
考查非谓语动词。forget/remember to do sth. 忘记/记着去做某事(还没做);forget/remember doing sth. 忘记/记着做过某事。根据“His grandfather always forgets…”可知,第一空表示总是忘记关门,用不定式作宾语;根据“but yesterday he remembered…”可知,第二空表示他记得昨天关上门了,用动名词作宾语。故选C。
81.D
【解析】句意:他们决定步行去那里。
考查动词不定式的用法。go去,动词原形;going现在分词或动名词;went一般过去时形式;to go动词不定式。根据“They decided…there on foot.”可知,decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,固定搭配,此处应用动词不定式。故选D。
82.A
【解析】句意为:戴维经常忘带英语书。考查非谓语动词。
forget to do sth表示忘记要做某事,forget doing sth表示忘记做过某事。根据语境,这里表示的是忘记了要带英语书。用动词不定式作宾语,故选A。
83.B
【解析】句意:在周末,我不想看电视,但我妈妈喜欢看。
考查非谓语动词和主谓一致。“喜欢做某事”常用like doing sth.或like to do sth.表示,选项A和D结构错误;主语为第三人称单数,动词用单三,故选B。
84.A
【解析】句意:你看起来太累了。为什么不停下来休息一下呢?
考查特殊疑问句以及非谓语动词。why not do sth.“为什么不做某事”,第一空stop应填原形。stop to do sth.停下来去做某事;stop doing sth.停止正在做的事情。根据“Why not…a rest”可知,此处指停下来去休息,stop后接动词不定式作宾语。故选A。
85.B
【解析】句意:你想成为我的朋友吗?
考查动词不定式以及动词短语的用法。make friends with sb和某人交朋友。根据空格前“want”可知,此处考查:want to do sth,意为“想做某事”符合语境,所以此处应该填入to be my friend,不定式作宾语。故选B。
86.D
【解析】我们尽力不让老师失望。考查动词的用法。表示尽力做某事是try to do sth,否定形式是try not to do sth,故选D
87.B
【解析】句意:我不能告诉你她说的话,我答应了保守秘密。keep保持,保守,动词原形;to keep动词不定式;keeping动名词形式;kept是keep的过去式。这句话的谓语动词是promise,承诺,答应,常用于句型promise to do sth.答应去做某事,故应选B。
88.C
【解析】句意:我尽量按时到那儿,但我还是太迟了。
根据句意理解可知,这里表示尽力做某事,英语中表达结构是try to do sth.意为“尽力做某事”,try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事”,由连词but表示转折可知,表达的应该是尽量按时到达那里,故选C。
89.B
【解析】句意:你看起来很累。你最好停下来去好好休息一下。
考查情态动词后接动词原形和动词不定式作宾语。stop having停止休息;stop to have停下来去休息。根据“You’d better”可知情态动词had better后接动词原形,即had better do sth“最好做某事”。根据“You look tired”可知,你看起来很累,因此要“停下来去休息”,应用动词短语stop to have a good rest来表达。故选B。
90.A
【解析】句意“今天晚上你打算做什么?”。根据be going to do可知,填动词原形,故选A。
91.D
【解析】句意:我对这个问题一无所知,所以在会上我不知道该说什么。根据句子结构可知,这是由what引导的宾语从句,此时还可以用“特殊疑问词+ to do不定式”转换。“说什么”,what to say, 故选D。
92.A
【解析】句意:我现在想用它。不要忘记把它带这儿来。
考查动词不定式。本题考查forget to do sth 表示“忘记做某事(事情未做)”,故排除B、D项;本题句意“不要忘记把它带这儿来”,方向是由远及近,所以用bring,take方向是由近到远。故选A。
93.C
【解析】句意:--你喜欢汉堡吗?--不,我不想变胖。
to eat it 吃, 第一句话用的hamburgers为复数,不能用it来代替;fat胖的;unhealthy不健康的。want to do sth想做某事,如果后面加形容词,结构为want to be +adj。所以选C。
94.B
【解析】句意:你每天需要吃更多的蔬菜。
考查非谓语。此处表达的是“需要去做某事”,英语是need to do sth,所以此处用不定式作宾语,故选B。
95.A
【解析】句意:Dan希望乘坐飞机去北京。to take动词不定式;take动词原形,乘坐;takes第三人称单数形式;taking动名词。句中谓语动词是wish,意为“希望”,常用于句型wish to do sth.希望去做某事,故应选A。
96.A
【解析】考查动词的形式变化。句意:Britney 收到礼物后,迫不及待的打开。根据can’t wait to do sth.意为“近不及待地去做某事”,排除B/C;根据couldn’t一般过去时,可知用一般过去时。所以选A。
97.B
【解析】句意:早晨当我朋友看见我的时候,他停下来和我说活。
考查非谓语动词。stop to do 停下来去做另一件事,stop doing 停止做某事,根据“When my friend saw me this morning”可知,此处指朋友停下来和我说话,stop to talk to me停下来和我说话,故选B。
98.A
【解析】试题分析:句意:这道数学题是如此的难。我真的不知道怎样做。本题考查疑问副词how加动词不定式在句中作宾语,表示“如何去做它”。故选A。
99.B
【解析】句意:——我们晚餐需要买什么?——一些蔬菜和蛋糕。
考查不定式用法。根据“What do we need...”可知此处need为实义动词,后接不定式作宾语。故选B。
100.A
【解析】句意:——请你教我怎样操作这台新机器好吗?——当然可以。这是小菜一碟。现在让我告诉你先做什么。考查连词辨析题。本句是宾语从句,空格处做动词do的宾语,how是疑问副词,不可做宾语;whether是否,连词,不可做宾语;可排除BC两个选项。which哪一个,和do不搭配,也可排除。what什么,表事情;根据句意结构和语境,可知选A。
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