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浙江省杭州市等4地2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中考试英语试题
一、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A
（2024高二上·杭州期中）If you want to find a book for your children, here are some books that you can choose from.
Charlie Thorne and the Last Equation by Stuart Gibbs
The CIA is on a task to find an equation （方程式），which could destroy the world if the bad people get it. For help，they turn to Charlie, a 12-year-old girl who is as smart as Albert Einstein. Children who like exciting mysteries will enjoy reading this book.
AstroNuts by Jon Scieszka and Steven Weinberg
In AstroNuts , the Earth has been destroyed by humans for thousands of years. Four animals set out from Mount Rushmore， the main office of NASA. Their task is to find a new planet fit for human life. Finally, they discover one： Plant Planet. The story's topic is simple： Don't harm the planet. Readers who love science fiction （科幻小说）will enjoy AstroNuts.
Stargazing by Jen Wang
Christine hears that Moon, who is new in town, is the kind of kid who beats people up for fun. But Moon and her mum come to live with Christine's family, and the two kids become best friends. Moon even shares a big secret with Christine. Stargazing is based on Jen Wang's experiences as a child. The story is about the power of friendship.
Roll with It by Jamie Sumner
Roll with It is a story about a 12-year-old girl named Ellie. She has difficulty walking on her own and uses a wheelchair. When Ellie and her mum move to another state to take care of Ellie's grandpa, she must learn to deal with a new school and new friendships. This book is a must-read for everyone. It's a heartwarming story that really shows the value of family.
1．Which of the following encourages readers to protect the Earth
A．Stargazing.
B．AstroNuts.
C．Roll with It.
D．Charlie Thorne and the Last Equation.
2．What's special about Stargazing
A．It mainly discusses animals' stories.
B．It includes much scientific knowledge.
C．It is mainly about how to make friends.
D．It is connected with the author's own experiences.
3．What can we learn about Ellie
A．She doesn't want to go to another state.
B．She has trouble communicating with others.
C．She is carefully looked after by her grandpa.
D．She has to solve problems faced in a new place.
二、（B）
（2024高二上·杭州期中）Many of us think, wrongly, that the moon doesn't change. For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ruoxu once wrote that "Generations have come and passed away; From year to year the moons look alike, old and new."
However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly reduced in size over time. For the study, a group of US scientists examined and analyzed thousands of photographs taken by the NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机). They found that there were lots of faults (断层) on the surface of the moon. These faults were formed by recent movement on the moon.
According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down. Then it began to shrink, in away comparable to the shrinking of a grape into a raisin. Over the past several hundred million years, it has become 46 meters "skinnier".
But due to its hard and rocky layer, the moon's surface continues to push up. "Some of these quakes can be fairly strong, around five on the Richter scale (里氏震级)," said Thomas Watters, a senior scientist at the Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum in the US.
But does that mean the moon is a dangerous place that human shouldn't try to explore and live on in the future Maybe not, reported The Telegraph. "This isn't anything to worry about. The moon may becoming smaller, but not by much. It's not going anywhere," Watters comforted us.
The new discovery proves that the idea that the moon is a dead, boring place is wrong. "We have been to the moon and we've done some great science, but there is still a lot we don't know. The moon is shrinking — we didn't really realize that until recently. It's a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that," NASA scientist Nathan Williams said.
4．Which point of view about the moon may the writer agree to
A．It stays the same as before. B．It is becoming slightly smaller.
C．It is getting older and older. D．It has passed away.
5．What can we learn about the moon from the third paragraph
A．Its quake measures seven on the Richter scale.
B．It has become 46 meters fatter due to expanding.
C．It has a hot core and releases energy during expanding.
D．It has changed from a grape into a raisin in recent years.
6．What does Nathan Williams think of the moon
A．It is a dead and boring place.
B．It has lots of faults on the surface.
C．It is valuable to do more science.
D．It isn't a place where we can live.
7．Which of the following can be the most suitable title for the article
A．"The Moon: A Static and Boring Place"
B．"The Changing Moon: A New Discovery"
C．"The Mysterious Moon: Faults and Quakes"
D．"Exploring the Moon: Dangers and Opportunities"
三、（C）
（2024高二上·杭州期中）Dear Editor (编辑) Buddy,
On my way to work every morning I drive by a farm where I can see some horses off the woods. They are there every morning no matter how cold or rainy or windy it is. There is a shed (牲口棚) on the farm, but it doesn't seem that the horses are ever taken into the shed. Is this right I don't think horses should be treated (对待) like that.
Sam
Dear Sam,
Thanks for taking an interest in those horses. The care of horses is different from that of cats and dogs. Think of wild horses that spend their whole lives outdoors finding food and shelter (遮蔽) on their own. The point is that horses don't require as much shelter as other farm animals. However, that doesn't mean that they don't need shelter.
It is hard to tell from your letter whether the situation for those horses is unacceptable. Do you know the people who own the horses well enough to just talk to them Maybe they will tell you that the horses do go in the shed at night. If direct contact (联系) is not a choice and you can see that the horses' situation is poor, then call 911 and report it.
If you just can't see enough to prove such a report, call the Oswego County Humane Society at 207-1070 for help from the Large Animal Assistance Project (LAAP). A volunteer from the project will help solve the problem.
Speaking of volunteers, since you appear to be a horse lover, why not talk to the LAAP about volunteer opportunities for yourself The project always needs knowledgeable horse people to help.
Buddy
8．Sam writes to Editor Buddy in order to________.
A．ask how to keep horses outdoors
B．discuss if those horses are badly treated
C．report several wild horses he has seen
D．show his strong interest in keeping horses
9．According to Editor Buddy, horses ________.
A．need less shelter than other farm animals
B．know the changes in the weather
C．like finding food by themselves
D．prefer living indoors
10．What does Editor Buddy advise Sam to do first
A．To call 911.
B．To turn to the LAAP for help.
C．To contact the horses' owners directly.
D．To call the Oswego County Humane Society.
11．In the last paragraph of the second letter, Editor Buddy_______.
A．advises Sam to change his job
B．encourages Sam to join the LAAP
C．praises Sam for his good behavior
D．explains the importance of the LAAP
四、（D）
（2024高二上·杭州期中）Robotics has been a rapidly evolving field in recent years. Only in the past decade have scientists truly begun to understand the potential of robots in various aspects of our lives.
They provide a new viewpoint on how technology can assist humans and bring up an old debate: whether robots will replace humans in the workplace or whether they will work alongside us in a cooperative way. The current fascination with robotics originates from the creative work of a team of researchers at a leading technology institute.
When Dr. Smith joined the institute to work on artificial intelligence, he was also involved in robotics projects. But he noticed something interesting: different industries had different expectations from robots. Dr. Smith had been trained in traditional robotic programming, where each command represented a specific action. At the time, many people thought robotics was just a tool for repetitive tasks. But Dr. Smith believed that robots could be much more. He wondered: Could robots actually have the ability to adapt and learn like humans And could they change the way we work and live It was 2020. Dr. Smith's idea was considered revolutionary.
Now, a few years later, Dr. Smith is presenting his research at a conference and explaining how he is pushing the boundaries of robotics. For a long time, many people feared that robots would take away jobs. They thought technology must be controlled to protect human employment. But Dr. Smith argues that robots are not a threat but an opportunity. Robots are based on algorithms and data, the manipulation of information. "What I say," Dr. Smith explains, "is that robotics is not about replacing humans— it's about strengthening our abilities."
12．The present growing interest in robotics was caused by ______.
A．researchers at a technology institute.
B．leading experts in the study of economics.
C．famous scholars in the study of sociology.
D．some senior experts in artificial intelligence.
13．The underlined word "repetitive" in Paragraph 3 probably means "______".
A．boring and unvaried. B．creative and original.
C．important and essential. D．complex and challenging.
14．Dr. Smith's argument is based on his belief that ______.
A．robotics comes from advanced programming.
B．robotics is as useful as any other technology.
C．technology is a system of meaningful tools.
D．robotics is a product of human creation.
15．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The threat of robots to human employment.
B．Dr. Smith's research on artificial intelligence.
C．The history of robotics and its future prospects.
D．The development of a leading technology institute.
五、阅读下面材料，从材料后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
16．（2024高二上·杭州期中）The black box is used to record all the activities of a plane during its flight. There are generally two black boxes in a plane. One is at the front and the other on the back of an airplane. The black box is made of titanium metal (钛金属). 　 　 The titanium box gives it the strength to stand any shock if it falls in the sea or falls from the height. Earlier the box was red in color, so it was called "red egg". The walls inside the box were black in color, so it came to be known as "black box".
　 　 One is flight data recorder. This box records information about directions, heights, speeds, etc. for about 25 hours. This box can stand a temperature of about 11,000℃ for one hour and a temperature of 260℃ for 10 hours. The other is cockpit (座舱) voice recorder.　 　 It records the sound of engines, emergency alarms, etc., which people use to predict the conditions of the plane before any accident happens.
The black box can work for 30 days without electricity. When this box is lost anywhere, it keeps on sending out the waves along with a beep sound for about 30 days. 　 　 It can also send out waves from the depth of 14,000 feet in the sea.
A black box does not show a clear picture of plane accidents even if it can be found. 　 　 However, it can help find out the facts about plane accidents if it is found.
A. It is placed in a titanium box.
B. In some cases it could be hardly found.
C. The black box has two separate recorders.
D. Black boxes also store conversations about the plane.
E. Only black boxes that can pass safety tests are used in planes.
F. This sound can be recognized from as far as about 2-3 kilometers.
G. This box records the sound of the airplane during the last two hours.
六、阅读下面短文 ，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024高二上·杭州期中）Everyone loves getting cards on their birthday. For Bailey Sellers, the card from her father is a card that she'll 17． forever.
Her father, Mike Sellers, died of cancer in 2013, just a few months before her 17th birthday. But her dad made sure he could still 18． her special day, even in death. Before his death he prepaid a flower shop to 19． flowers and a card to her every year on her birthday. The last flowers and 20． came last week, for her 21st birthday.
In the card that came with this year's flowers, Mike Sellers told his daughter, "This is my last letter to you until we meet again. You are and will always be the most precious 21． I was given. I will still be with you through every milestone. Just look around and there I will be."
22． by her late father's gesture, Sellers posted a photo of the flowers, the card and an old 23． of her dad raising her up on his shoulders during a long ago trip to the beach.
"Miss you so much daddy," the post 24． , with a little purple heart. The post moved thousands of people, who not only shared it but also told their own stories of how they 25． the pain of losing a parent, Sellers 26． that pain; she said she became 27． after her father's death. So now she's studying psychology (心理学), hoping to be able to one day help people get out of the kind of 28． that once enveloped her.
"He would be so 29． that he pulled off such a beautiful gesture, which offers an important 30． for all of us. He made people happy. He made people realise that they shouldn't take the people who 31． them for granted."
17．A．collect B．value C．receive D．play
18．A．spend B．enjoy C．celebrate D．spare
19．A．produce B．deliver C．buy D．take
20．A．card B．story C．gift D．letter
21．A．resource B．flower C．jewel D．honey
22．A．Touched B．Appreciated C．Admired D．Disappointed
23．A．memory B．photo C．book D．gesture
24．A．started B．whispered C．began D．ended
25．A．dealt with B．kept out C．carried on D．settled down
26．A．puzzled B．measured C．understood D．doubted
27．A．frightened B．upset C．sleepy D．hurt
28．A．happiness B．worry C．fear D．sadness
29．A．proud B．confused C．content D．shocked
30．A．hope B．example C．lesson D．milestone
31．A．look around B．stand for C．care about D．think of
七、第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
32．（2024高二上·杭州期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the world's population 　 　 (grow), the only way to reduce the enormous greenhouse gas emissions(排放)from farming is to make food production ever more efficient. 　 　 (unfortunate), efficiency gains have stalled(停滞)since 2010, meaning farming emissions and deforestation could rise sharply as demand for food continues to grow.
"Lin Ma at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shijiazhuang and his colleagues 　 　 analysed existing data to estimate greenhouse gas emissions per unit of protein produced between 1961 and 2019 reached this 　 　 (conclude). They chose protein rather than calories because it is a 　 　 (good) measure of food quality, says Ma.
Between 1961 and around 2010, emissions per unit of protein 　 　 (fall)by two-thirds, the team found. But since then, there have been no further improvements and there are even some signs of 　 　 increase. Farming is responsible 　 　 around a third of all greenhouse gas emissions and demand for food is projected to rise by up to 50 per cent by 2050. If the climate efficiency of farming is no longer improving, this means that emissions from farming will rise by 50 per cent too, the researchers warn.
What's more, 　 　 the efficiency of farming isn't improving, the only way to increase production is to clear more land for farms, they say, 　 　 (lead)to yet more deforestation and loss of biodiversity.
八、第一节 （满分15分）
33．（2024高二上·杭州期中）假定你是李华，上周你们班参观了一个科学展览活动。请你给澳大利亚朋友David写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）你最感兴趣的一个科学展示；
（2）你的感想。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
九、第二节 （满分25分）
34．（2024高二上·杭州期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Monty Roberts owns a horse ranch in San Francisco. He is willing to help the young who want to pursue their dreams. We were always curious about the reason behind and one day he told us his story.
When Monty was young, he was the son of an itinerant horse trainer who would go from stable to stable, race track to race track, farm to farm and ranch to ranch, training horses. As a result, his high school career was continually interrupted. When he was a senior, he was asked to write a paper about what he wanted to be and do when he grew up.
That night he wrote a seven-page paper describing the goal of owning a horse ranch some day. He wrote about his dream in great detail and he even drew a diagram of a 200-acre ranch, showing the location of all the buildings, the stables and the tracks. Then he drew a detailed floor plan for a 4,000-square-foot house that would sit on a 200-acre dream ranch.
He put a great deal of his heart into the project and the next day he handed it in to the teacher. Two days later he received his paper back. On the front was a large red F with a note that read, "See me after class." The boy with the dream went to see the teacher after class and asked, "Why did I receive an F "
The teacher said, "This is an unrealistic dream for a young boy like you. You have no money. You come from an itinerant family. You have no resources. Owning a horse ranch requires a lot of money. You have to buy the land. You have to pay for the original breeding stock and later you'll have to pay large stud (马群) fees. There's no way you could ever do it." Then the teacher added, "If you rewrite this paper with a more realistic goal, I will reconsider your grade."
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The boy went home and thought about it long and hard.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Twenty years later, the teacher brought 30 students to camp out on a ranch for a week.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．D
3．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向读者推荐四本适合儿童阅读的书籍，每本书针对不同的阅读兴趣和主题，涵盖冒险、科幻、友情与家庭价值等多元内容，旨在为儿童提供多样化的阅读选择，并传递积极向上的价值观（如勇气、环保意识、友谊的力量、家庭的重要性等）。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．细节理解题。根据AstroNutsby Jon Scieszka and Steven Weinberg 部分中的"The story's topic is simple: Don't harm the planet."这个故事的主题很简单:不要伤害地球。可知，AstroNuts这本书的主题是不要破坏地球，即保护地球。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Stargazingby Jen Wang 部分中的"Stargazing is based on Jen Wang's experiences as a child."《观星》是基于Jen Wang小时候的经历。可知，Stargazing这本书的特别之处在于与作者自己的经历有关。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据Roll with Itby Jamie Sumner 部分中的"When Ellie and her mum move to another state to take care of Ellie's grandpa, she must learn to deal with a new school and new friendships. "当Ellie和她的妈妈搬到另一个州照顾Ellie的爷爷时，她必须学会应付新的学校和新的友谊。可知，Ellie因为搬到新的州，所以她必须适应新的学校，建立新的友谊，即她不得不处理在新的地方遇到的问题。故选D。
【答案】4．B
5．C
6．C
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新研究，揭示了月球并非如人们传统认知的那样一成不变，而是在缓慢缩小，同时说明这一现象并不足以对人类未来探索和居住月球构成威胁，强调月球是一个比我们想象中更活跃、更有趣的地方，值得进一步探索。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly reduced in size over time."然而，发表在《自然-地球科学》杂志上的一项新研究表明，月球实际上随着时间的推移在缓慢缩小。可知，作者同意的观点是月球正在变得稍微小一些。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down."根据NASA的说法，月球是由带有炽热核心的岩石块组成的。月球在诞生时持续膨胀。但在这个过程中，它释放了能量并冷却下来。可知，月球有一个炽热的核心，并在膨胀过程中释放能量。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"We have been to the moon and we've done some great science, but there is still a lot we don't know. The moon is shrinking — we didn't really realize that until recently. It's a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that."我们去过月球，做过一些伟大的科学研究，但我们还有很多不知道的地方。月球正在缩小——直到最近我们才真正意识到这一点。它比我们想象的要活跃和有趣得多，我们应该去探索它。可知，Nathan Williams认为月球是一个比我们想象的要活跃和有趣得多的地方，并且值得我们去探索。这表明他认为在月球上做更多的科学研究是有价值的。故选C。
7．标题归纳题。根据第二段中的"However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly reduced in size over time."然而，发表在《自然地球科学》杂志上的一项新研究表明，月球实际上是在随着时间的推移而缓慢缩小的；以及最后一段中的"The moon is shrinking — we didn't really realize that until recently."月球正在缩小——直到最近我们才真正意识到这一点。可知本文介绍了关于月球的一个新发现，即月球正在缩小，并探讨了这一发现对月球探索的意义。"变化的月球：一个新发现"能概括文章的主旨，适合作本文标题。故选B。
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．C
11．B
【知识点】细节理解题；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是应用文，是两封信， Sam 反映农场马匹未进牲口棚的情况，编辑 Buddy 为其提供了解决该问题的建议和途径。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是两封信件，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．细节理解题。根据第一封信中的"There is a shed (牲口棚) on the farm, but it doesn't seem that the horses are ever taken into the shed. Is this right I don't think horses should be treated (对待) like that."农场上有一个马棚，但似乎从来没有把马带进棚里。这对吗？我认为马不应该受到那样的待遇。可知 Sam 认为不让马进马棚是不对的，主要是讨论那些马是否受到虐待的问题。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第二封信第一段中的"Think of wild horses that spend their whole lives outdoors finding food and shelter (遮蔽) on their own. The point is that horses don't require as much shelter as other farm animals."想想那些一辈子都在户外独自寻找食物和庇护所的野马。关键是马不像其他农场动物需要那么多的庇护。可知据编辑 Buddy 所说，与其他牲畜相比，马匹需要的庇护更少。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第二封信第二段中的"Do you know the people who own the horses well enough to just talk to them Maybe they will tell you that the horses do go in the shed at night. If direct contact (联系) is not a choice and you can see that the horses' situation is poor, then call 911 and report it."你认识那些养马的人吗？能和他们聊聊天吗？也许他们会告诉你，马在晚上会进马棚。如果不能直接联系，你看到马的情况很差，那么打911报警。可知编辑Buddy 建议萨姆首先直接联系马的主人，不行的状况下，再打911。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据第二封信最后一段"Speaking of volunteers, since you appear to be a horse lover, why not talk to the LAAP about volunteer opportunities for yourself The project always needs knowledgeable horse people to help."说到志愿者，既然你看起来是个爱马的人，为什么不跟LAAP谈谈你自己当志愿者的机会呢？这个项目总是需要懂马的人来帮忙。可知编辑 Buddy 鼓励萨姆加入LAAP当志愿者。故选B。
【答案】12．A
13．A
14．D
15．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了机器人学这一快速发展领域的研究情况，重点讲述了史密斯博士对机器人的独特见解以及他为推动机器人学发展所做的努力，强调机器人不是人类就业的威胁，而是增强人类能力的机会。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"The current fascination with robotics originates from the creative work of a team of researchers at a leading technology institute."当前对机器人学的迷恋源于一所领先技术研究所的研究团队的创造性工作。可知，当前对机器人学的兴趣增长是由技术研究所的研究团队引发的。故选A。
13．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的"Dr. Smith had been trained in traditional robotic programming, where each command represented a specific action."Smith博士接受过传统机器人编程的培训，在这种编程中，每条指令都代表一个具体的动作；以及"But Dr. Smith believed that robots could be much more."但Smith博士相信，机器人能够做到的远不止这些。可知，当时，许多人认为机器人学只是用于重复性任务的工具。可推知划线词repetitive是"单调的、重复的"之意。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"But Dr. Smith argues that robots are not a threat but an opportunity. Robots are based on algorithms and data, the manipulation of information. ‘What I say,' Dr. Smith explains,‘is that robotics is not about replacing humans— it's about strengthening our abilities.'"但Smith博士认为，机器人不是威胁，而是机遇。机器人基于算法和数据，对信息进行操纵。Smith博士解释说："我要说的是，机器人技术不是要取代人类，而是要增强我们的能力。"可知，根据Smith博士的观点，机器人学是为了增强人类能力，而非取代人类。这表明他认为机器人是人类创造的产物，用于辅助和增强人类。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Robotics has been a rapidly evolving field in recent years. Only in the past decade have scientists truly begun to understand the potential of robots in various aspects of our lives."机器人技术是近年来发展迅速的一个领域。直到过去十年，科学家们才真正开始理解机器人在我们生活的各个方面所具有的潜力。；以及下文介绍了Smith博士对机器人技术的研究以及他认为机器人不是威胁而是机会，可推知本文的主旨是机器人技术的历史及其未来前景。故选C。
16．【答案】A；C；G；F；B
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍飞机上"黑匣子"（飞行记录仪）的相关信息，包括其外观、材质、名称由来、内部构造、功能以及工作特性等，强调其在飞机事故调查中虽不能直接呈现事故全貌，但能帮助查明事故事实的重要作用。
（1）根据空前"The black box is made of titanium metal (钛金属)."这个黑匣子是由钛金属制成的。说明黑匣子的组成；以及空后"The titanium box gives it the strength to stand any shock if it falls in the sea or falls from the height."这个钛盒给了它足够的力量，如果它掉到海里或从高处掉下来，它可以承受任何冲击。说明钛盒能承受任何冲击， A. It is placed in a titanium box. "它被放在一个钛盒里"提出钛盒，说明黑匣子与钛盒的关系，符合语境。故选A。
（2）根据空后"One is flight data recorder."一种是飞行数据记录仪；以及"The other is cockpit(座舱) voice recorder."另一个是驾驶舱语音记录器。可知，本段描述了两种记录仪， C. The black box has two separate recorders. "这个黑匣子有两个独立的记录仪"引出下文，总结本段，符合语境，故选C。
（3）根据空前"The other is cockpit 座舱) voice recorder."另一个是驾驶舱语音记录器。提出驾驶舱语音记录器， G. This box records the sound of the airplane during the last two hours. "这个盒子记录了过去两小时飞机的声音"表示这个记录器记录的内容，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
（4）根据空前"When this box is lost anywhere, it keeps on sending out the waves along with a beep sound for about 30 days."当这个盒子在任何地方丢失时，它会持续发出伴随着哔哔声的声波，持续大约30天。表明黑匣子丢失仍然能发出声波， F. This sound can be recognized from as far as about 2-3 kilometers. "这种声音可以在2—3公里远的地方被识别"表示这种声波能在很远的地方被识别，与空后"It can also send out waves from the depth of 14,000 feet in the sea."它还能从海底14000英尺深处发出声波，相呼应。故选F。
（5）根据空前"A black box does not show a clear picture of plane accidents even if it can be found."即使找到了黑匣子，也不能清晰地显示出飞机事故的画面。表示黑匣子的局限性， B. In some cases it could be hardly found. "在某些情况下，它很难被发现"同样也表示黑匣子的局限性，与后文进行语义转折。故选B。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
【答案】17．B；18．C；19．B；20．A；21．C；22．A；23．B；24．D；25．A；26．C；27．B；28．D；29．A；30．C；31．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Bailey Sellers在父亲去世后，父亲生前预付费用让花店每年在她生日时送花和卡片这一温馨感人的故事，展现了父亲对她深深的爱，以及这份爱对她产生的影响，同时也强调了人们不应把身边重要的人视为理所当然。【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
17．句意：对 Bailey Sellers 来说，父亲给她的贺卡是一张她永远珍视的卡片。A：collect"收集"；B：value"珍惜，重视"；C：receive"收到"；D：play"表演，玩" 。根据下文对卡片的介绍可知，这是已故的父亲送给 Bailey Sellers 的卡片，所以她将永远珍惜。故选B。
18．句意：但她的父亲确保他仍然可以庆祝她的特殊日子，即使是去世了。A：spend"花费，度过"；B：enjoy"欣赏"；C：celebrate"庆祝，祝贺"；D：spare "抽出"。根据空后"her special day"可知，父亲确信，即使去世仍然能给女儿庆祝生日，此处指庆祝生日。故选C。
19．句意：在他去世之前，他预付了一家花店的钱，每年在她生日那天送鲜花和卡片给她。A：produce "生产"；B：deliver"递送，发表(演讲)"；C：buy"买"；D：take "拿走"。根据空后"flowers and a card to her every year on her birthday."可知，此处指父亲去世前预付给鲜花店钱，让他们每年给女儿递送生日鲜花和贺卡。此处指递送花和贺卡。故选B。
20．句意：上个星期，她21岁生日时收到了最后一束鲜花和贺卡。A：card"卡片"；B：story"故事"；C：gift"礼物"；D：letter "信"。根据上文"flowers and a card to her every year"可知，此处指今年送的花和贺卡上周刚收到。故选A。
21．句意：你现在是，将来也永远是我得到的最珍贵的珠宝。A：resource"资源"；B：flower"花"；C：jewel"宝贝, 宝贵的人"；D：honey "蜜"。根据语境可知，父亲认为女儿是，也将永远是他得到的最珍贵的宝贝。故选C。
22．句意： Sellers 在网上贴出了鲜花、贺卡和一张老照片，照片上是很久以前她父亲在海滩旅行时把她抱在肩膀上的照片。A：Touched"触动，感动"；B：Appreciated"感激，欣赏"；C：Admired"羡慕，钦佩"；D：Disappointed "使失望"。根据空后"by her late father's gesture, Sellers posted a photo of the flowers"可知，此处指 Bailey 被父亲的行为感动，发布了几张照片。故选A。
23．句意： Sellers 在网上贴出了鲜花、贺卡和一张老照片，照片上是很久以前她父亲在海滩旅行时把她抱在肩膀上的照片。A：memory"记忆，回忆"；B：photo"照片"；C：book"书"；D：gesture "姿势"。根据下文可知，此处指很久以前海滩旅行时，父亲把她扛在肩上的老照片。故选B。
24．句意："非常想念你，爸爸，"帖子的结尾，有一颗紫色的小心。A：started"开始"；B：whispered "低语，私语"；C：began"开始"；D：ended "结束"。根据常识，此处指在帖子结束的地方贝莉写着"Miss you so much daddy"并配有一颗小的紫色的心。故选D。
25．句意：这条微博感动了成千上万的人，他们不仅分享了这条微博，还讲述了他们自己的故事，讲述了他们如何应对失去父母的痛苦。 Sellers 理解这种痛苦。A：dealt with"应对"；B：kept out"阻止进入"；C：carried on"继续"；D：settled down "使安静下来"。根据空后"the pain of losing a parent"可知，此处指人们讲述他们怎样应对失去父母的痛苦。故选A。
26．句意：这条微博感动了成千上万的人，他们不仅分享了这条微博，还讲述了他们自己的故事，讲述了他们如何应对失去父母的痛苦。 Sellers 理解这种痛苦。A：puzzled"使困惑"；B：measured"测量"；C：understood"理解"；D：doubted"怀疑" 。根据空后"she said she became 11 after her father's death"可知，此处是说 Bailey 理解人们说的失去父母的痛苦。故选C。
27．句意：她说她父亲死后她很伤心。A：frightened"害怕的"；B：upset"难过的"；C：sleepy"困倦的"；D：hurt"受伤的" 。根据语境和下文的"So now she's studying psychology"可知, 父亲去世后 Bailey 变得很难过。故选B。
28．句意：所以她现在正在学习心理学，希望有一天能够帮助人们摆脱那种曾经笼罩着她的悲伤。A：happiness"幸福"；B：worry"担心"；C：fear"害怕，恐惧"；D：sadness "伤心，悲痛"。根据上文"the pain of losing a parent"可知， Bailey 学习心理学是想帮助人们从失去亲人的悲痛中走出来。故选D。
29．句意：他会为自己做出如此美妙的举动而感到骄傲，这对我们所有人来说都是重要的一课。他使人们快乐。A：proud"骄傲的"；B：confused"困惑的"；C：content"满意的"；D：shocked "震惊的"。根据下文"He made people happy."可知， Bailey 认为父亲做了一个美好的示范，他会为此感到自豪。故选A。
30．句意：他会为自己做出如此美妙的举动而感到骄傲，这对我们所有人来说都是重要的一课。他使人们快乐。A：hope"希望"；B：example"榜样"；C：lesson"课，教训"；D：milestone "里程碑"。根据下文"He made people realise that they shouldn't take the people who 15 them for granted."他让人们意识到，他们不应该把关心他们的人视为理所当然。可知，此处指父亲给每个人都上了重要的一课。故选C。
31．句意：他让人们意识到，他们不应该把关心他们的人视为理所当然。A：look around"环顾四周"；B：stand for"代表，象征"；C：care about"担心，关心"；D：think of "想起"。根据语境可知，父亲让人们意识到他们不应该把关心他们的人视为理所当然。故选C。
32．【答案】growing；Unfortunately；who/that；conclusion；better；fell；an；for；if；leading
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着世界人口增长，为减少农业温室气体排放需提高粮食生产效率，但自2010年以来效率提升停滞，这可能导致农业排放和森林砍伐大幅增加，进而带来更多环境问题。
（1）句意：随着世界人口的增长，减少农业产生的巨大温室气体排放的唯一途径是提高粮食生产效率。 grow "增长，成长"，动词。此处为with的复合结构，the world's population和grow之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词，故填growing。
（2）句意：不幸的是，自2010年以来，效率的提高已经停滞，这意味着随着对食物需求的持续增长，农业排放和森林砍伐可能会急剧增加。 unfortunate "不幸的"，形容词。此处应用副词修饰整个句子，在句中作状语，unfortunate的副词是unfortunately，意为"不幸地"。故填Unfortunately。
（3）句意：中国科学院石家庄分院的林马和他的同事们分析了1961年至2019年间每单位蛋白质产生的温室气体排放量的现有数据，得出了这一结论。空处引导定语从句，先行词为Lin Ma 和his colleagues，指人，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who/that作引导词。故填who/that。
（4）句意：中国科学院石家庄分院的林马和他的同事们分析了1961年至2019年间每单位蛋白质产生的温室气体排放量的现有数据，得出了这一结论。 conclude "得出结论"，动词。此处作reached的宾语，应为其名词conclusion，"结论"，this修饰名词单数形式。故填conclusion。
（5）句意：他们选择蛋白质而不是卡路里，因为它是衡量食物质量的一个更好的标准，马说。 good "好的"，形容词。此处修饰名词measure，应为形容词，根据语境和句意可知，此处表示"更好的标准"，所以应用good的比较级better。故填better。
（6）句意：该团队发现，在1961年至2010年左右，每单位蛋白质的排放量减少了三分之二。 fall "下降"，此处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语Between 1961 and around 2010可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时。故填fell。
（7）句意：但自那以后，就没有进一步的改善了，甚至还有一些增加的迹象。increase"增加"，可数名词，此处表示泛指，且increase发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
（8）句意：农业占温室气体排放总量的三分之一左右，预计到2050年，食物需求将增长50%。be responsible for固定短语，"对……负责"。故填for。
（9）句意：此外，他们说，如果农业效率没有提高，增加产量的唯一方法就是为农场清理更多的土地，这将导致更多的森林砍伐和生物多样性丧失。 the efficiency of farming isn't improving 是条件状语从句，此处表示"如果"，所以应用连词if引导。故填if。
（10）句意：此外，他们说，如果农业效率没有提高，增加产量的唯一方法就是为农场清理更多的土地，这将导致更多的森林砍伐和生物多样性丧失。 lead to固定短语，"导致"。此处应用非谓语动词，lead在句中作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果所以应用现在分词形式。故填leading。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，副词，定语从句，名词，形容词，时态，冠词，介词，状语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
33．【答案】Dear David,
I hope this email finds you well! Last week, our class visited a fascinating science exhibition. The display that intrigued me the most was the one about renewable energy. It showcased different types of solar panels and wind turbines, demonstrating how they generate electricity.
I was amazed by how these technologies can help reduce pollution and combat climate change. It made me realize the importance of sustainable energy for our future. I left the exhibition feeling inspired to learn more about environmental science.
Looking forward to hearing from you!
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作。要求考生以李华的身份，给澳大利亚朋友David写一封邮件分享参观科学展览活动的经历。写作背景： 上周你们班参观了一个科学展览活动。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）你最感兴趣的一个科学展示；（2）你的感想。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I hope this email finds you well!运用了宾语从句；The display that intrigued me the most was the one about renewable energy.运用了限制性定语从句； It showcased different types of solar panels and wind turbines, demonstrating how they generate electricity.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；
I was amazed by how these technologies can help reduce pollution and combat climate change. 运用了宾语从句；It made me realize the importance of sustainable energy for our future. 运用了省略to的不定式作宾补。
34．【答案】 The boy went home and thought about it long and hard. Having noticed the slight difference on Monty, his father accompanied the little boy without any word until he asked in a low voice, "Dad, have you ever changed your dream " Noticing the confusion on the young face, his father said without the least hesitation, "Never, it is my treasure." It suddenly dawned on him that compared with getting F for the paper, he would be more painful if he chose to give up on his dreams. Making up his mind, he took his paper, and headed for the teacher. With determined eyes, Monty said, "I am sorry, teacher. I'd like to keep my dream."
Twenty years later, the teacher brought 30 students to camp out on a ranch for a week. Learning Monty was the rancher, she was numb with astonishment. Wearing obvious guilt, she said to him, "Sorry for what I said at that time." Monty returned her with a smile. "Actually, I should thank you for letting me know what my dream meant to me." When the tour was about to end, the teacher called the students together and said in an emotional voice, "Kids, remember, be brave to pursue your dreams regardless of the realistic conditions." When she finished the words, claps came from behind. It was from Monty. And soon, the students joined him.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，本文讲述了Monty Roberts上高中时，有一次老师让写一篇关于自己的梦想的论文，Monty Roberts在文中描述了他想拥有一个大的牧场。结果交上论文后，老师给了他一个不及格，老师让他重写一个符合实际的梦想的论文。多年后，Monty Roberts真的实现了自己的梦想，当老师带着学生去他的牧场露营时，老师为自己当年的行为道了歉，鼓励学生应该追求自己的梦想。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"男孩回到家，反复思量了很久。"可知，第一段可描写男孩考虑了一个星期后，没有作任何修改交给了老师②由第二段首句内容"二十年后，这位老师带了30名学生到一个农场露营一周。"可知，第二段可描写老师在得知Monty真的实现了自己的梦想后的反应，她向Monty道了歉，告诉学生要勇敢追求自己的梦想。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】该续写内容完整、情节合理、情感真挚，语言流畅且表达清晰，成功地延续了原文的主题和风格，既塑造了鲜明的人物形象，又传达了积极向上的价值观，非常符合高考英语读后续写的要求。例如： Making up his mind, he took his paper, and headed for the teacher. 运用了现在分词作状语； When she finished the words, claps came from behind.运用了when引导时间状语从句。
1 / 1浙江省杭州市等4地2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中考试英语试题
一、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A
（2024高二上·杭州期中）If you want to find a book for your children, here are some books that you can choose from.
Charlie Thorne and the Last Equation by Stuart Gibbs
The CIA is on a task to find an equation （方程式），which could destroy the world if the bad people get it. For help，they turn to Charlie, a 12-year-old girl who is as smart as Albert Einstein. Children who like exciting mysteries will enjoy reading this book.
AstroNuts by Jon Scieszka and Steven Weinberg
In AstroNuts , the Earth has been destroyed by humans for thousands of years. Four animals set out from Mount Rushmore， the main office of NASA. Their task is to find a new planet fit for human life. Finally, they discover one： Plant Planet. The story's topic is simple： Don't harm the planet. Readers who love science fiction （科幻小说）will enjoy AstroNuts.
Stargazing by Jen Wang
Christine hears that Moon, who is new in town, is the kind of kid who beats people up for fun. But Moon and her mum come to live with Christine's family, and the two kids become best friends. Moon even shares a big secret with Christine. Stargazing is based on Jen Wang's experiences as a child. The story is about the power of friendship.
Roll with It by Jamie Sumner
Roll with It is a story about a 12-year-old girl named Ellie. She has difficulty walking on her own and uses a wheelchair. When Ellie and her mum move to another state to take care of Ellie's grandpa, she must learn to deal with a new school and new friendships. This book is a must-read for everyone. It's a heartwarming story that really shows the value of family.
1．Which of the following encourages readers to protect the Earth
A．Stargazing.
B．AstroNuts.
C．Roll with It.
D．Charlie Thorne and the Last Equation.
2．What's special about Stargazing
A．It mainly discusses animals' stories.
B．It includes much scientific knowledge.
C．It is mainly about how to make friends.
D．It is connected with the author's own experiences.
3．What can we learn about Ellie
A．She doesn't want to go to another state.
B．She has trouble communicating with others.
C．She is carefully looked after by her grandpa.
D．She has to solve problems faced in a new place.
【答案】1．B
2．D
3．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向读者推荐四本适合儿童阅读的书籍，每本书针对不同的阅读兴趣和主题，涵盖冒险、科幻、友情与家庭价值等多元内容，旨在为儿童提供多样化的阅读选择，并传递积极向上的价值观（如勇气、环保意识、友谊的力量、家庭的重要性等）。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．细节理解题。根据AstroNutsby Jon Scieszka and Steven Weinberg 部分中的"The story's topic is simple: Don't harm the planet."这个故事的主题很简单:不要伤害地球。可知，AstroNuts这本书的主题是不要破坏地球，即保护地球。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Stargazingby Jen Wang 部分中的"Stargazing is based on Jen Wang's experiences as a child."《观星》是基于Jen Wang小时候的经历。可知，Stargazing这本书的特别之处在于与作者自己的经历有关。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据Roll with Itby Jamie Sumner 部分中的"When Ellie and her mum move to another state to take care of Ellie's grandpa, she must learn to deal with a new school and new friendships. "当Ellie和她的妈妈搬到另一个州照顾Ellie的爷爷时，她必须学会应付新的学校和新的友谊。可知，Ellie因为搬到新的州，所以她必须适应新的学校，建立新的友谊，即她不得不处理在新的地方遇到的问题。故选D。
二、（B）
（2024高二上·杭州期中）Many of us think, wrongly, that the moon doesn't change. For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ruoxu once wrote that "Generations have come and passed away; From year to year the moons look alike, old and new."
However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly reduced in size over time. For the study, a group of US scientists examined and analyzed thousands of photographs taken by the NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机). They found that there were lots of faults (断层) on the surface of the moon. These faults were formed by recent movement on the moon.
According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down. Then it began to shrink, in away comparable to the shrinking of a grape into a raisin. Over the past several hundred million years, it has become 46 meters "skinnier".
But due to its hard and rocky layer, the moon's surface continues to push up. "Some of these quakes can be fairly strong, around five on the Richter scale (里氏震级)," said Thomas Watters, a senior scientist at the Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum in the US.
But does that mean the moon is a dangerous place that human shouldn't try to explore and live on in the future Maybe not, reported The Telegraph. "This isn't anything to worry about. The moon may becoming smaller, but not by much. It's not going anywhere," Watters comforted us.
The new discovery proves that the idea that the moon is a dead, boring place is wrong. "We have been to the moon and we've done some great science, but there is still a lot we don't know. The moon is shrinking — we didn't really realize that until recently. It's a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that," NASA scientist Nathan Williams said.
4．Which point of view about the moon may the writer agree to
A．It stays the same as before. B．It is becoming slightly smaller.
C．It is getting older and older. D．It has passed away.
5．What can we learn about the moon from the third paragraph
A．Its quake measures seven on the Richter scale.
B．It has become 46 meters fatter due to expanding.
C．It has a hot core and releases energy during expanding.
D．It has changed from a grape into a raisin in recent years.
6．What does Nathan Williams think of the moon
A．It is a dead and boring place.
B．It has lots of faults on the surface.
C．It is valuable to do more science.
D．It isn't a place where we can live.
7．Which of the following can be the most suitable title for the article
A．"The Moon: A Static and Boring Place"
B．"The Changing Moon: A New Discovery"
C．"The Mysterious Moon: Faults and Quakes"
D．"Exploring the Moon: Dangers and Opportunities"
【答案】4．B
5．C
6．C
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新研究，揭示了月球并非如人们传统认知的那样一成不变，而是在缓慢缩小，同时说明这一现象并不足以对人类未来探索和居住月球构成威胁，强调月球是一个比我们想象中更活跃、更有趣的地方，值得进一步探索。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly reduced in size over time."然而，发表在《自然-地球科学》杂志上的一项新研究表明，月球实际上随着时间的推移在缓慢缩小。可知，作者同意的观点是月球正在变得稍微小一些。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down."根据NASA的说法，月球是由带有炽热核心的岩石块组成的。月球在诞生时持续膨胀。但在这个过程中，它释放了能量并冷却下来。可知，月球有一个炽热的核心，并在膨胀过程中释放能量。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"We have been to the moon and we've done some great science, but there is still a lot we don't know. The moon is shrinking — we didn't really realize that until recently. It's a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that."我们去过月球，做过一些伟大的科学研究，但我们还有很多不知道的地方。月球正在缩小——直到最近我们才真正意识到这一点。它比我们想象的要活跃和有趣得多，我们应该去探索它。可知，Nathan Williams认为月球是一个比我们想象的要活跃和有趣得多的地方，并且值得我们去探索。这表明他认为在月球上做更多的科学研究是有价值的。故选C。
7．标题归纳题。根据第二段中的"However, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly reduced in size over time."然而，发表在《自然地球科学》杂志上的一项新研究表明，月球实际上是在随着时间的推移而缓慢缩小的；以及最后一段中的"The moon is shrinking — we didn't really realize that until recently."月球正在缩小——直到最近我们才真正意识到这一点。可知本文介绍了关于月球的一个新发现，即月球正在缩小，并探讨了这一发现对月球探索的意义。"变化的月球：一个新发现"能概括文章的主旨，适合作本文标题。故选B。
三、（C）
（2024高二上·杭州期中）Dear Editor (编辑) Buddy,
On my way to work every morning I drive by a farm where I can see some horses off the woods. They are there every morning no matter how cold or rainy or windy it is. There is a shed (牲口棚) on the farm, but it doesn't seem that the horses are ever taken into the shed. Is this right I don't think horses should be treated (对待) like that.
Sam
Dear Sam,
Thanks for taking an interest in those horses. The care of horses is different from that of cats and dogs. Think of wild horses that spend their whole lives outdoors finding food and shelter (遮蔽) on their own. The point is that horses don't require as much shelter as other farm animals. However, that doesn't mean that they don't need shelter.
It is hard to tell from your letter whether the situation for those horses is unacceptable. Do you know the people who own the horses well enough to just talk to them Maybe they will tell you that the horses do go in the shed at night. If direct contact (联系) is not a choice and you can see that the horses' situation is poor, then call 911 and report it.
If you just can't see enough to prove such a report, call the Oswego County Humane Society at 207-1070 for help from the Large Animal Assistance Project (LAAP). A volunteer from the project will help solve the problem.
Speaking of volunteers, since you appear to be a horse lover, why not talk to the LAAP about volunteer opportunities for yourself The project always needs knowledgeable horse people to help.
Buddy
8．Sam writes to Editor Buddy in order to________.
A．ask how to keep horses outdoors
B．discuss if those horses are badly treated
C．report several wild horses he has seen
D．show his strong interest in keeping horses
9．According to Editor Buddy, horses ________.
A．need less shelter than other farm animals
B．know the changes in the weather
C．like finding food by themselves
D．prefer living indoors
10．What does Editor Buddy advise Sam to do first
A．To call 911.
B．To turn to the LAAP for help.
C．To contact the horses' owners directly.
D．To call the Oswego County Humane Society.
11．In the last paragraph of the second letter, Editor Buddy_______.
A．advises Sam to change his job
B．encourages Sam to join the LAAP
C．praises Sam for his good behavior
D．explains the importance of the LAAP
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．C
11．B
【知识点】细节理解题；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是应用文，是两封信， Sam 反映农场马匹未进牲口棚的情况，编辑 Buddy 为其提供了解决该问题的建议和途径。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是两封信件，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．细节理解题。根据第一封信中的"There is a shed (牲口棚) on the farm, but it doesn't seem that the horses are ever taken into the shed. Is this right I don't think horses should be treated (对待) like that."农场上有一个马棚，但似乎从来没有把马带进棚里。这对吗？我认为马不应该受到那样的待遇。可知 Sam 认为不让马进马棚是不对的，主要是讨论那些马是否受到虐待的问题。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第二封信第一段中的"Think of wild horses that spend their whole lives outdoors finding food and shelter (遮蔽) on their own. The point is that horses don't require as much shelter as other farm animals."想想那些一辈子都在户外独自寻找食物和庇护所的野马。关键是马不像其他农场动物需要那么多的庇护。可知据编辑 Buddy 所说，与其他牲畜相比，马匹需要的庇护更少。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第二封信第二段中的"Do you know the people who own the horses well enough to just talk to them Maybe they will tell you that the horses do go in the shed at night. If direct contact (联系) is not a choice and you can see that the horses' situation is poor, then call 911 and report it."你认识那些养马的人吗？能和他们聊聊天吗？也许他们会告诉你，马在晚上会进马棚。如果不能直接联系，你看到马的情况很差，那么打911报警。可知编辑Buddy 建议萨姆首先直接联系马的主人，不行的状况下，再打911。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据第二封信最后一段"Speaking of volunteers, since you appear to be a horse lover, why not talk to the LAAP about volunteer opportunities for yourself The project always needs knowledgeable horse people to help."说到志愿者，既然你看起来是个爱马的人，为什么不跟LAAP谈谈你自己当志愿者的机会呢？这个项目总是需要懂马的人来帮忙。可知编辑 Buddy 鼓励萨姆加入LAAP当志愿者。故选B。
四、（D）
（2024高二上·杭州期中）Robotics has been a rapidly evolving field in recent years. Only in the past decade have scientists truly begun to understand the potential of robots in various aspects of our lives.
They provide a new viewpoint on how technology can assist humans and bring up an old debate: whether robots will replace humans in the workplace or whether they will work alongside us in a cooperative way. The current fascination with robotics originates from the creative work of a team of researchers at a leading technology institute.
When Dr. Smith joined the institute to work on artificial intelligence, he was also involved in robotics projects. But he noticed something interesting: different industries had different expectations from robots. Dr. Smith had been trained in traditional robotic programming, where each command represented a specific action. At the time, many people thought robotics was just a tool for repetitive tasks. But Dr. Smith believed that robots could be much more. He wondered: Could robots actually have the ability to adapt and learn like humans And could they change the way we work and live It was 2020. Dr. Smith's idea was considered revolutionary.
Now, a few years later, Dr. Smith is presenting his research at a conference and explaining how he is pushing the boundaries of robotics. For a long time, many people feared that robots would take away jobs. They thought technology must be controlled to protect human employment. But Dr. Smith argues that robots are not a threat but an opportunity. Robots are based on algorithms and data, the manipulation of information. "What I say," Dr. Smith explains, "is that robotics is not about replacing humans— it's about strengthening our abilities."
12．The present growing interest in robotics was caused by ______.
A．researchers at a technology institute.
B．leading experts in the study of economics.
C．famous scholars in the study of sociology.
D．some senior experts in artificial intelligence.
13．The underlined word "repetitive" in Paragraph 3 probably means "______".
A．boring and unvaried. B．creative and original.
C．important and essential. D．complex and challenging.
14．Dr. Smith's argument is based on his belief that ______.
A．robotics comes from advanced programming.
B．robotics is as useful as any other technology.
C．technology is a system of meaningful tools.
D．robotics is a product of human creation.
15．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The threat of robots to human employment.
B．Dr. Smith's research on artificial intelligence.
C．The history of robotics and its future prospects.
D．The development of a leading technology institute.
【答案】12．A
13．A
14．D
15．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；科普类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了机器人学这一快速发展领域的研究情况，重点讲述了史密斯博士对机器人的独特见解以及他为推动机器人学发展所做的努力，强调机器人不是人类就业的威胁，而是增强人类能力的机会。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"The current fascination with robotics originates from the creative work of a team of researchers at a leading technology institute."当前对机器人学的迷恋源于一所领先技术研究所的研究团队的创造性工作。可知，当前对机器人学的兴趣增长是由技术研究所的研究团队引发的。故选A。
13．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的"Dr. Smith had been trained in traditional robotic programming, where each command represented a specific action."Smith博士接受过传统机器人编程的培训，在这种编程中，每条指令都代表一个具体的动作；以及"But Dr. Smith believed that robots could be much more."但Smith博士相信，机器人能够做到的远不止这些。可知，当时，许多人认为机器人学只是用于重复性任务的工具。可推知划线词repetitive是"单调的、重复的"之意。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"But Dr. Smith argues that robots are not a threat but an opportunity. Robots are based on algorithms and data, the manipulation of information. ‘What I say,' Dr. Smith explains,‘is that robotics is not about replacing humans— it's about strengthening our abilities.'"但Smith博士认为，机器人不是威胁，而是机遇。机器人基于算法和数据，对信息进行操纵。Smith博士解释说："我要说的是，机器人技术不是要取代人类，而是要增强我们的能力。"可知，根据Smith博士的观点，机器人学是为了增强人类能力，而非取代人类。这表明他认为机器人是人类创造的产物，用于辅助和增强人类。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Robotics has been a rapidly evolving field in recent years. Only in the past decade have scientists truly begun to understand the potential of robots in various aspects of our lives."机器人技术是近年来发展迅速的一个领域。直到过去十年，科学家们才真正开始理解机器人在我们生活的各个方面所具有的潜力。；以及下文介绍了Smith博士对机器人技术的研究以及他认为机器人不是威胁而是机会，可推知本文的主旨是机器人技术的历史及其未来前景。故选C。
五、阅读下面材料，从材料后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
16．（2024高二上·杭州期中）The black box is used to record all the activities of a plane during its flight. There are generally two black boxes in a plane. One is at the front and the other on the back of an airplane. The black box is made of titanium metal (钛金属). 　 　 The titanium box gives it the strength to stand any shock if it falls in the sea or falls from the height. Earlier the box was red in color, so it was called "red egg". The walls inside the box were black in color, so it came to be known as "black box".
　 　 One is flight data recorder. This box records information about directions, heights, speeds, etc. for about 25 hours. This box can stand a temperature of about 11,000℃ for one hour and a temperature of 260℃ for 10 hours. The other is cockpit (座舱) voice recorder.　 　 It records the sound of engines, emergency alarms, etc., which people use to predict the conditions of the plane before any accident happens.
The black box can work for 30 days without electricity. When this box is lost anywhere, it keeps on sending out the waves along with a beep sound for about 30 days. 　 　 It can also send out waves from the depth of 14,000 feet in the sea.
A black box does not show a clear picture of plane accidents even if it can be found. 　 　 However, it can help find out the facts about plane accidents if it is found.
A. It is placed in a titanium box.
B. In some cases it could be hardly found.
C. The black box has two separate recorders.
D. Black boxes also store conversations about the plane.
E. Only black boxes that can pass safety tests are used in planes.
F. This sound can be recognized from as far as about 2-3 kilometers.
G. This box records the sound of the airplane during the last two hours.
【答案】A；C；G；F；B
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍飞机上"黑匣子"（飞行记录仪）的相关信息，包括其外观、材质、名称由来、内部构造、功能以及工作特性等，强调其在飞机事故调查中虽不能直接呈现事故全貌，但能帮助查明事故事实的重要作用。
（1）根据空前"The black box is made of titanium metal (钛金属)."这个黑匣子是由钛金属制成的。说明黑匣子的组成；以及空后"The titanium box gives it the strength to stand any shock if it falls in the sea or falls from the height."这个钛盒给了它足够的力量，如果它掉到海里或从高处掉下来，它可以承受任何冲击。说明钛盒能承受任何冲击， A. It is placed in a titanium box. "它被放在一个钛盒里"提出钛盒，说明黑匣子与钛盒的关系，符合语境。故选A。
（2）根据空后"One is flight data recorder."一种是飞行数据记录仪；以及"The other is cockpit(座舱) voice recorder."另一个是驾驶舱语音记录器。可知，本段描述了两种记录仪， C. The black box has two separate recorders. "这个黑匣子有两个独立的记录仪"引出下文，总结本段，符合语境，故选C。
（3）根据空前"The other is cockpit 座舱) voice recorder."另一个是驾驶舱语音记录器。提出驾驶舱语音记录器， G. This box records the sound of the airplane during the last two hours. "这个盒子记录了过去两小时飞机的声音"表示这个记录器记录的内容，承接上文，符合语境。故选G。
（4）根据空前"When this box is lost anywhere, it keeps on sending out the waves along with a beep sound for about 30 days."当这个盒子在任何地方丢失时，它会持续发出伴随着哔哔声的声波，持续大约30天。表明黑匣子丢失仍然能发出声波， F. This sound can be recognized from as far as about 2-3 kilometers. "这种声音可以在2—3公里远的地方被识别"表示这种声波能在很远的地方被识别，与空后"It can also send out waves from the depth of 14,000 feet in the sea."它还能从海底14000英尺深处发出声波，相呼应。故选F。
（5）根据空前"A black box does not show a clear picture of plane accidents even if it can be found."即使找到了黑匣子，也不能清晰地显示出飞机事故的画面。表示黑匣子的局限性， B. In some cases it could be hardly found. "在某些情况下，它很难被发现"同样也表示黑匣子的局限性，与后文进行语义转折。故选B。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
六、阅读下面短文 ，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024高二上·杭州期中）Everyone loves getting cards on their birthday. For Bailey Sellers, the card from her father is a card that she'll 17． forever.
Her father, Mike Sellers, died of cancer in 2013, just a few months before her 17th birthday. But her dad made sure he could still 18． her special day, even in death. Before his death he prepaid a flower shop to 19． flowers and a card to her every year on her birthday. The last flowers and 20． came last week, for her 21st birthday.
In the card that came with this year's flowers, Mike Sellers told his daughter, "This is my last letter to you until we meet again. You are and will always be the most precious 21． I was given. I will still be with you through every milestone. Just look around and there I will be."
22． by her late father's gesture, Sellers posted a photo of the flowers, the card and an old 23． of her dad raising her up on his shoulders during a long ago trip to the beach.
"Miss you so much daddy," the post 24． , with a little purple heart. The post moved thousands of people, who not only shared it but also told their own stories of how they 25． the pain of losing a parent, Sellers 26． that pain; she said she became 27． after her father's death. So now she's studying psychology (心理学), hoping to be able to one day help people get out of the kind of 28． that once enveloped her.
"He would be so 29． that he pulled off such a beautiful gesture, which offers an important 30． for all of us. He made people happy. He made people realise that they shouldn't take the people who 31． them for granted."
17．A．collect B．value C．receive D．play
18．A．spend B．enjoy C．celebrate D．spare
19．A．produce B．deliver C．buy D．take
20．A．card B．story C．gift D．letter
21．A．resource B．flower C．jewel D．honey
22．A．Touched B．Appreciated C．Admired D．Disappointed
23．A．memory B．photo C．book D．gesture
24．A．started B．whispered C．began D．ended
25．A．dealt with B．kept out C．carried on D．settled down
26．A．puzzled B．measured C．understood D．doubted
27．A．frightened B．upset C．sleepy D．hurt
28．A．happiness B．worry C．fear D．sadness
29．A．proud B．confused C．content D．shocked
30．A．hope B．example C．lesson D．milestone
31．A．look around B．stand for C．care about D．think of
【答案】17．B；18．C；19．B；20．A；21．C；22．A；23．B；24．D；25．A；26．C；27．B；28．D；29．A；30．C；31．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Bailey Sellers在父亲去世后，父亲生前预付费用让花店每年在她生日时送花和卡片这一温馨感人的故事，展现了父亲对她深深的爱，以及这份爱对她产生的影响，同时也强调了人们不应把身边重要的人视为理所当然。【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
17．句意：对 Bailey Sellers 来说，父亲给她的贺卡是一张她永远珍视的卡片。A：collect"收集"；B：value"珍惜，重视"；C：receive"收到"；D：play"表演，玩" 。根据下文对卡片的介绍可知，这是已故的父亲送给 Bailey Sellers 的卡片，所以她将永远珍惜。故选B。
18．句意：但她的父亲确保他仍然可以庆祝她的特殊日子，即使是去世了。A：spend"花费，度过"；B：enjoy"欣赏"；C：celebrate"庆祝，祝贺"；D：spare "抽出"。根据空后"her special day"可知，父亲确信，即使去世仍然能给女儿庆祝生日，此处指庆祝生日。故选C。
19．句意：在他去世之前，他预付了一家花店的钱，每年在她生日那天送鲜花和卡片给她。A：produce "生产"；B：deliver"递送，发表(演讲)"；C：buy"买"；D：take "拿走"。根据空后"flowers and a card to her every year on her birthday."可知，此处指父亲去世前预付给鲜花店钱，让他们每年给女儿递送生日鲜花和贺卡。此处指递送花和贺卡。故选B。
20．句意：上个星期，她21岁生日时收到了最后一束鲜花和贺卡。A：card"卡片"；B：story"故事"；C：gift"礼物"；D：letter "信"。根据上文"flowers and a card to her every year"可知，此处指今年送的花和贺卡上周刚收到。故选A。
21．句意：你现在是，将来也永远是我得到的最珍贵的珠宝。A：resource"资源"；B：flower"花"；C：jewel"宝贝, 宝贵的人"；D：honey "蜜"。根据语境可知，父亲认为女儿是，也将永远是他得到的最珍贵的宝贝。故选C。
22．句意： Sellers 在网上贴出了鲜花、贺卡和一张老照片，照片上是很久以前她父亲在海滩旅行时把她抱在肩膀上的照片。A：Touched"触动，感动"；B：Appreciated"感激，欣赏"；C：Admired"羡慕，钦佩"；D：Disappointed "使失望"。根据空后"by her late father's gesture, Sellers posted a photo of the flowers"可知，此处指 Bailey 被父亲的行为感动，发布了几张照片。故选A。
23．句意： Sellers 在网上贴出了鲜花、贺卡和一张老照片，照片上是很久以前她父亲在海滩旅行时把她抱在肩膀上的照片。A：memory"记忆，回忆"；B：photo"照片"；C：book"书"；D：gesture "姿势"。根据下文可知，此处指很久以前海滩旅行时，父亲把她扛在肩上的老照片。故选B。
24．句意："非常想念你，爸爸，"帖子的结尾，有一颗紫色的小心。A：started"开始"；B：whispered "低语，私语"；C：began"开始"；D：ended "结束"。根据常识，此处指在帖子结束的地方贝莉写着"Miss you so much daddy"并配有一颗小的紫色的心。故选D。
25．句意：这条微博感动了成千上万的人，他们不仅分享了这条微博，还讲述了他们自己的故事，讲述了他们如何应对失去父母的痛苦。 Sellers 理解这种痛苦。A：dealt with"应对"；B：kept out"阻止进入"；C：carried on"继续"；D：settled down "使安静下来"。根据空后"the pain of losing a parent"可知，此处指人们讲述他们怎样应对失去父母的痛苦。故选A。
26．句意：这条微博感动了成千上万的人，他们不仅分享了这条微博，还讲述了他们自己的故事，讲述了他们如何应对失去父母的痛苦。 Sellers 理解这种痛苦。A：puzzled"使困惑"；B：measured"测量"；C：understood"理解"；D：doubted"怀疑" 。根据空后"she said she became 11 after her father's death"可知，此处是说 Bailey 理解人们说的失去父母的痛苦。故选C。
27．句意：她说她父亲死后她很伤心。A：frightened"害怕的"；B：upset"难过的"；C：sleepy"困倦的"；D：hurt"受伤的" 。根据语境和下文的"So now she's studying psychology"可知, 父亲去世后 Bailey 变得很难过。故选B。
28．句意：所以她现在正在学习心理学，希望有一天能够帮助人们摆脱那种曾经笼罩着她的悲伤。A：happiness"幸福"；B：worry"担心"；C：fear"害怕，恐惧"；D：sadness "伤心，悲痛"。根据上文"the pain of losing a parent"可知， Bailey 学习心理学是想帮助人们从失去亲人的悲痛中走出来。故选D。
29．句意：他会为自己做出如此美妙的举动而感到骄傲，这对我们所有人来说都是重要的一课。他使人们快乐。A：proud"骄傲的"；B：confused"困惑的"；C：content"满意的"；D：shocked "震惊的"。根据下文"He made people happy."可知， Bailey 认为父亲做了一个美好的示范，他会为此感到自豪。故选A。
30．句意：他会为自己做出如此美妙的举动而感到骄傲，这对我们所有人来说都是重要的一课。他使人们快乐。A：hope"希望"；B：example"榜样"；C：lesson"课，教训"；D：milestone "里程碑"。根据下文"He made people realise that they shouldn't take the people who 15 them for granted."他让人们意识到，他们不应该把关心他们的人视为理所当然。可知，此处指父亲给每个人都上了重要的一课。故选C。
31．句意：他让人们意识到，他们不应该把关心他们的人视为理所当然。A：look around"环顾四周"；B：stand for"代表，象征"；C：care about"担心，关心"；D：think of "想起"。根据语境可知，父亲让人们意识到他们不应该把关心他们的人视为理所当然。故选C。
七、第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
32．（2024高二上·杭州期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the world's population 　 　 (grow), the only way to reduce the enormous greenhouse gas emissions(排放)from farming is to make food production ever more efficient. 　 　 (unfortunate), efficiency gains have stalled(停滞)since 2010, meaning farming emissions and deforestation could rise sharply as demand for food continues to grow.
"Lin Ma at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shijiazhuang and his colleagues 　 　 analysed existing data to estimate greenhouse gas emissions per unit of protein produced between 1961 and 2019 reached this 　 　 (conclude). They chose protein rather than calories because it is a 　 　 (good) measure of food quality, says Ma.
Between 1961 and around 2010, emissions per unit of protein 　 　 (fall)by two-thirds, the team found. But since then, there have been no further improvements and there are even some signs of 　 　 increase. Farming is responsible 　 　 around a third of all greenhouse gas emissions and demand for food is projected to rise by up to 50 per cent by 2050. If the climate efficiency of farming is no longer improving, this means that emissions from farming will rise by 50 per cent too, the researchers warn.
What's more, 　 　 the efficiency of farming isn't improving, the only way to increase production is to clear more land for farms, they say, 　 　 (lead)to yet more deforestation and loss of biodiversity.
【答案】growing；Unfortunately；who/that；conclusion；better；fell；an；for；if；leading
【知识点】说明文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，随着世界人口增长，为减少农业温室气体排放需提高粮食生产效率，但自2010年以来效率提升停滞，这可能导致农业排放和森林砍伐大幅增加，进而带来更多环境问题。
（1）句意：随着世界人口的增长，减少农业产生的巨大温室气体排放的唯一途径是提高粮食生产效率。 grow "增长，成长"，动词。此处为with的复合结构，the world's population和grow之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词，故填growing。
（2）句意：不幸的是，自2010年以来，效率的提高已经停滞，这意味着随着对食物需求的持续增长，农业排放和森林砍伐可能会急剧增加。 unfortunate "不幸的"，形容词。此处应用副词修饰整个句子，在句中作状语，unfortunate的副词是unfortunately，意为"不幸地"。故填Unfortunately。
（3）句意：中国科学院石家庄分院的林马和他的同事们分析了1961年至2019年间每单位蛋白质产生的温室气体排放量的现有数据，得出了这一结论。空处引导定语从句，先行词为Lin Ma 和his colleagues，指人，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who/that作引导词。故填who/that。
（4）句意：中国科学院石家庄分院的林马和他的同事们分析了1961年至2019年间每单位蛋白质产生的温室气体排放量的现有数据，得出了这一结论。 conclude "得出结论"，动词。此处作reached的宾语，应为其名词conclusion，"结论"，this修饰名词单数形式。故填conclusion。
（5）句意：他们选择蛋白质而不是卡路里，因为它是衡量食物质量的一个更好的标准，马说。 good "好的"，形容词。此处修饰名词measure，应为形容词，根据语境和句意可知，此处表示"更好的标准"，所以应用good的比较级better。故填better。
（6）句意：该团队发现，在1961年至2010年左右，每单位蛋白质的排放量减少了三分之二。 fall "下降"，此处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语Between 1961 and around 2010可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时。故填fell。
（7）句意：但自那以后，就没有进一步的改善了，甚至还有一些增加的迹象。increase"增加"，可数名词，此处表示泛指，且increase发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
（8）句意：农业占温室气体排放总量的三分之一左右，预计到2050年，食物需求将增长50%。be responsible for固定短语，"对……负责"。故填for。
（9）句意：此外，他们说，如果农业效率没有提高，增加产量的唯一方法就是为农场清理更多的土地，这将导致更多的森林砍伐和生物多样性丧失。 the efficiency of farming isn't improving 是条件状语从句，此处表示"如果"，所以应用连词if引导。故填if。
（10）句意：此外，他们说，如果农业效率没有提高，增加产量的唯一方法就是为农场清理更多的土地，这将导致更多的森林砍伐和生物多样性丧失。 lead to固定短语，"导致"。此处应用非谓语动词，lead在句中作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果所以应用现在分词形式。故填leading。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，副词，定语从句，名词，形容词，时态，冠词，介词，状语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
八、第一节 （满分15分）
33．（2024高二上·杭州期中）假定你是李华，上周你们班参观了一个科学展览活动。请你给澳大利亚朋友David写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）你最感兴趣的一个科学展示；
（2）你的感想。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear David,
I hope this email finds you well! Last week, our class visited a fascinating science exhibition. The display that intrigued me the most was the one about renewable energy. It showcased different types of solar panels and wind turbines, demonstrating how they generate electricity.
I was amazed by how these technologies can help reduce pollution and combat climate change. It made me realize the importance of sustainable energy for our future. I left the exhibition feeling inspired to learn more about environmental science.
Looking forward to hearing from you!
Yours,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作。要求考生以李华的身份，给澳大利亚朋友David写一封邮件分享参观科学展览活动的经历。写作背景： 上周你们班参观了一个科学展览活动。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）你最感兴趣的一个科学展示；（2）你的感想。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I hope this email finds you well!运用了宾语从句；The display that intrigued me the most was the one about renewable energy.运用了限制性定语从句； It showcased different types of solar panels and wind turbines, demonstrating how they generate electricity.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；
I was amazed by how these technologies can help reduce pollution and combat climate change. 运用了宾语从句；It made me realize the importance of sustainable energy for our future. 运用了省略to的不定式作宾补。
九、第二节 （满分25分）
34．（2024高二上·杭州期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Monty Roberts owns a horse ranch in San Francisco. He is willing to help the young who want to pursue their dreams. We were always curious about the reason behind and one day he told us his story.
When Monty was young, he was the son of an itinerant horse trainer who would go from stable to stable, race track to race track, farm to farm and ranch to ranch, training horses. As a result, his high school career was continually interrupted. When he was a senior, he was asked to write a paper about what he wanted to be and do when he grew up.
That night he wrote a seven-page paper describing the goal of owning a horse ranch some day. He wrote about his dream in great detail and he even drew a diagram of a 200-acre ranch, showing the location of all the buildings, the stables and the tracks. Then he drew a detailed floor plan for a 4,000-square-foot house that would sit on a 200-acre dream ranch.
He put a great deal of his heart into the project and the next day he handed it in to the teacher. Two days later he received his paper back. On the front was a large red F with a note that read, "See me after class." The boy with the dream went to see the teacher after class and asked, "Why did I receive an F "
The teacher said, "This is an unrealistic dream for a young boy like you. You have no money. You come from an itinerant family. You have no resources. Owning a horse ranch requires a lot of money. You have to buy the land. You have to pay for the original breeding stock and later you'll have to pay large stud (马群) fees. There's no way you could ever do it." Then the teacher added, "If you rewrite this paper with a more realistic goal, I will reconsider your grade."
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The boy went home and thought about it long and hard.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Twenty years later, the teacher brought 30 students to camp out on a ranch for a week.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 The boy went home and thought about it long and hard. Having noticed the slight difference on Monty, his father accompanied the little boy without any word until he asked in a low voice, "Dad, have you ever changed your dream " Noticing the confusion on the young face, his father said without the least hesitation, "Never, it is my treasure." It suddenly dawned on him that compared with getting F for the paper, he would be more painful if he chose to give up on his dreams. Making up his mind, he took his paper, and headed for the teacher. With determined eyes, Monty said, "I am sorry, teacher. I'd like to keep my dream."
Twenty years later, the teacher brought 30 students to camp out on a ranch for a week. Learning Monty was the rancher, she was numb with astonishment. Wearing obvious guilt, she said to him, "Sorry for what I said at that time." Monty returned her with a smile. "Actually, I should thank you for letting me know what my dream meant to me." When the tour was about to end, the teacher called the students together and said in an emotional voice, "Kids, remember, be brave to pursue your dreams regardless of the realistic conditions." When she finished the words, claps came from behind. It was from Monty. And soon, the students joined him.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，本文讲述了Monty Roberts上高中时，有一次老师让写一篇关于自己的梦想的论文，Monty Roberts在文中描述了他想拥有一个大的牧场。结果交上论文后，老师给了他一个不及格，老师让他重写一个符合实际的梦想的论文。多年后，Monty Roberts真的实现了自己的梦想，当老师带着学生去他的牧场露营时，老师为自己当年的行为道了歉，鼓励学生应该追求自己的梦想。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"男孩回到家，反复思量了很久。"可知，第一段可描写男孩考虑了一个星期后，没有作任何修改交给了老师②由第二段首句内容"二十年后，这位老师带了30名学生到一个农场露营一周。"可知，第二段可描写老师在得知Monty真的实现了自己的梦想后的反应，她向Monty道了歉，告诉学生要勇敢追求自己的梦想。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】该续写内容完整、情节合理、情感真挚，语言流畅且表达清晰，成功地延续了原文的主题和风格，既塑造了鲜明的人物形象，又传达了积极向上的价值观，非常符合高考英语读后续写的要求。例如： Making up his mind, he took his paper, and headed for the teacher. 运用了现在分词作状语； When she finished the words, claps came from behind.运用了when引导时间状语从句。
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