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鲁教版-八年级上册1-4单元-短语总结
Unit1 Could you please clean your room？
1. Could you please do sth 请你（做）......好吗？
Could用于提出请求，不是can的过去式,是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.
2. 【短语】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走/取走
take back 收回 take place 发生 take off 脱下； 起飞
3. do the +名词：do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服
do the +doing: do the cleaning 打扫卫生
do one’s + 名词: do one’s housework/ homework 做家务/家庭作业
do some +doing: do some reading/ shopping 读写书/购物
4. 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
5. enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前/ ；修饰形容词、副词时，后置。
6. the minute = as soon as “一...... 就......”
7. in front of指在物体外部的前面
in the front of指在物体内部的前面
8. come 短语：
come over 过来 come back 回来 come up with想出
come true实现 come down下来 come from=be from来自,出生于
come in/into进入,进来 come on赶快,加油 come along走吧,过来,快点
come and go来来去去 come up上来 come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来
9. all the time = always 一直；总是
time 短语： on time 按时 in time 及时 at the same time同时
the first time 第一次 at times 有时
last time上次 next time 下次
10. neither +助动词+主语 “某人（主语） 也不”
neither …nor… 既不…也不…, 做主语谓语动词符合就近原则。
neither 做主语确定动词用三单。
11. in surprise 惊奇地；吃惊地 to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是
be surprised at 对……感到吃惊 surprise sb. 使某人吃惊
12. borrow 借入 ,与from 连用，指主语“借进来”
lend 借出 ,与to 搭配“借出去”
keep 保留，保存（延续动词 ）指“借一段时间”
13. invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地
invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事
invite v → invitation n邀请(1)
14. make sb/sth. do sth 让某人做某事
make sb/sth + 形容词“让某人或某物…”
make sb/sth + 名词“让某人或某物成为…”
make短语:make sure 确信 make a mistake犯错误
make friends (with)和..交朋友 make money赚钱
make a decision作出决定make the bed 整理床铺
make a living 谋生
15. sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth
sb. +spend +时间/钱+（in）doing sth
sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth
sth. cost sb. +钱
It takes /took sb. some time to do sth.
spend→spent pay →paid cost→ cost take→took
16. get 短语：get into =enter 进入get up 起床 get back 返回
get over 克服 get dressed穿衣 get/be lost丢失 get off/on下/上车
get on well with sb.与某人相处得好 get out of从…出来 get warm 变暧
get ready for +n.为…做准备 get ready to do sth.准备做某事
get well康复 get a chance 有机会 get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡
17. provide sth. for sb. =provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物
offer sth to sb. =offer sb. sth.
18. keep +sth /sb. +adj. “使......处于某种状态”
keep ( on ) doing sth 继续做某事
keep sb. doing sth 让某人一直做某事
19. develop v→development n 发展
→developing adj. 发展的 →developed adj. 发达的
a developing country 一个发展中国家a developed country 一个发达国家
20. the + 比较级， the + 比较级 “越...... 越...... ”
21. have to do finish doing want sb. to do need to do
have time to do in order to do let sb. do mind doing
help sb. to do 疑问词+ to do learn to do try to do
短语
1. do the dishes 洗餐具
2. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
3. fold your/the clothes 叠衣服
4. sweep the floor 扫地
5. make your/the bed 整理床铺
6. clean the livng room 打扫客厅
7. no problem 没问题
8. go out for dinner 出去吃饭
9. go to the movies 去看电影
10. stay out late 在外面待到很晚
11. get a ride 搭车
12. help out with 帮助解决….
13. at least 至少
14. finish doing sth. 完成做某事
15. be/come back 回来
16. any minute now 随时
17. clean and tidy 干净整洁
18. be angry with sb. 生某人的气
19. welcome sb. 欢迎某人
e home from school 放学回家
21. throw down 扔下
22. sit down 坐下
e over 过来
24. in front of 在…前面
25. take the dog for a walk 遛狗
26. take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步
27. all the time 一直;总是
28. all day/evening 整日/夜
29. do housework/ chores 做家务
30. as…as… 和…一样…
31. shout back 大声回应
32. walk away 走开
33. in surprise 惊讶地
34. as soon as 一…就…
35. get something to drink 喝点什么
36. hang out with sb. 和某人闲逛
37. pass sb. sth.= pass sth. to sb. 把某物传给某人
38. borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物
39. lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人
40. get sth. wet 使某物弄湿
41. hate to do sth.= hate doing sth. 讨厌做某事
42. help sb. (to ) do /with sth 帮助某人干某事
43. bring a tent 带顶帐篷来
44. buy drinks and snacks 买饮料和小吃
45. go to the store 去商店
46. invite sb. to a party 邀请某人参加聚会
47. have time to do 有时间做…
48. a waste of time 浪费时间
49. spend…on… 花费…在…上
50. in order to 为了
51. get good grades 取得好成绩
52. get…into… 进入
53. provide sth. for sb. =provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物
54. mind doing sth. 介意做某事
55. depend on 依赖…
56. get sth. for sb.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物
57. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
58. have no ideas = don’t know 不知道
59. look after / take care of /care for 照顾；照看
60. do one’ s part in (doing ) sth. 做某人分内的事
61. as a result 因此
62. fall ill 病倒
Unit 2 Why don't you talk to your parents
1. allow sb (not) to do sth 允许sb(不)做
2.What's wrong with you
=What's the matter with you 你怎么了？
3.at midnight 在半夜
4.look through 翻看，检查,浏览
5.look up 查阅字典
6.work out 成功地发展;解决
7.have free time to do things I like 有空闲时间做我喜欢做的事
8.take/have after-school classes 参加课后辅导课
9.hang out with sb 与sb闲逛
10.get into a fight with sb=have a fight with sb=fight with sb
11.until midnight 直到半夜
12. get on well with somebody 与某人相处的好
13.talk to somebody 与某人交谈
14.so that 以至于
15.take somebody to the ball game 带某人去参加球类比赛
16.too many books 太多的书
17 study too much 学得太多
18.get enough sleep 有足够的睡眠
19.read sb a letter 给某人写信
20.call sb up 打电话给某人
21. surprise sb 令某人惊讶
22.wait so long 等待如此久
23.be angry with somebody 生某人的气
24.give sth back to somebody= return sth to sb 把某物归还某人
25.forget about 忘掉
26.a big deal 重要的事儿
27.fight a lot 经常吵架/打架
28. hang over 笼罩
29. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
30. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
31. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事
32. all the time 一直
33. in future 今后
34. make sb. angry 使某人生气
35. worry about sth. 担心某事
36. copy sb's homework 抄袭某人的作业
37. be oneself 做自己
38. family members 家庭成员
39. spend time alone 独自消磨时光
40. give sb. pressure 给某人施压
41. have a fight w ith sb. 与某人吵架
42. compete w ith sb. 与某人竞争
43. free time activities 业余活动
44. get better grades 取得更好的成绩
45. give sb's opinion 提出某人的观点
46. learn exam skills 学习应试技巧
47. practice sports 体育训练
48. cause stress 造成压力
49. cut out 删除
50. 向别人发出邀请、请求、建议或征求某人意见的表达方式。
1) Why don't you do something= why not do something
你为什么不做某事儿呢？
2)How/What about doing sth about介词+名词/代词宾格/Ving
3)You had better (not) do sth. 你最好(不)做sth
4)Would you like something 你想要某物吗？
5)Let somebody do something。 让某人做某事儿
6)What should I do 表示请求征询对方意见
Unit3 What were you doing when the rainstorm came
重点短语及用法
1.(闹钟)发出响声 go off
2.开始做某事 begin to do/ doing sth.= start to do /doing sth.
3.雨下得很大，下大雨 rain hard = rain heavily
一场大雨/大雪 a heavy rian / snow
4.接电话 pick up (the phone)= answer the phone
5.据报道 It’s reported that…
6.木条 pieces of wood
7.重重地敲打 beat against heavily
8.进入梦乡，睡着 fall asleep = go to sleep
9.逐渐变弱，逐渐消失 die down
10.rise 不及物动词，其后不能接宾语。
raise 及物动词，其后要接宾语。
11.落叶 fallen leaves
12.看一看…… have a look at …
13.费力地前进，前往…… make one’s way to …
14.保持沉默 keep silent = keep in silence
沉默(地)，无声(地) in silence
15.最近，不久前 recently = in recent years
16.拆除，往下拽，记录 take down
作记录时 =write down= put down
17.首先，起初 at first
18.使……支离破碎 bring … apart
19.老实说，说实话 to tell the truth = to be honest
20.对做某事感到震惊 be shocked to do sth.
21.在图书馆 in the library
在公交车站 at the bus stop
22.走路回家 walk home = go home on foot
23.洗个热水澡 take a hot shower
24.睡醒，叫醒，吵醒 wake up
25.在昨晚8点 at 8：00 last night
26.在中国历史上 in Chinese history
27.在这天 on this day
29.在那时 at that time
30.在广播里，通过广播 on the radio
在网上，在互联网上 on the Internet
31.对....有意义 have meaning to… = mean something to …
32.向....外面看 look out of …
33.听见某人正在做某事 hear sb. doing sth.
听见某人做了/经常做某事 hear sb. do sth.
34.足球比赛 football match
35.确信.... be sure about
确保 make sure
务必/切记要做某事 be sure to do sth.
36.敲打,打败 beat sb.
赢得，获得 win sth.
37.while引导时间状语从句，从句用进行时。
when引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去式，主句用过去进行时。
38.做某事有困难/问题 have trouble / problems / difficulty doing sth.
在某方面有困难/问题 have trouble / problems / difficulty with sth.
39. 害怕 be afraid
害怕…… be afraid of
害怕去做某事 be afraid to do sth.
害怕发生某事 be afraid of doing sth.
40. 剩余的…… the rest of +n./pron. 做主语时，谓语动词的单复数与n. 的单复数一致。
41. 等待某人做某事 wait for sb. to do sth.
42. 在路边 by the side of the road
43. 走过 walk by
经过 pass by = go past
44. 不成样子；处境不佳 in bad shape
45. 为某人买某物 buy / get sb. sth. = buy / get sth. for sb.
把某物卖给某人 sell sth. to sb. = sell sb. sth.
待售 for sale
大促销；大减价；大甩卖 on sale
46. 离开某地 leave sw.
离开去某地；动身去某地 leave for + sw.
离开……去某地 leave … for …
把某人单独留下 leave sb. by oneself
把某人落在某地 leave sth. + sw.
47. 到处；处处 everywhere = here and there
48. 做某事很开心 have fun doing sth. = have a good time doing sth.
Unit 4 An old man tried to move the mountains
1. instead of+n./pron./v-ing 代替；而不是；反而
2. once upon a time 从前
3. fall in love 爱上
4.get married 结婚
5.turn…into… 变成
6. try to do 尽力做
try one’s best to do 尽sb最大努力做
try doing 尝试做
have a try 试一试
7.move the mountains 移山
8.shoot at 朝…射击
9. work on 从事
10.the+adj. 表示一类人
the rich/poor/weak 富人/穷人/弱者
11. as soon as=the minute 一…就…
11. take away 拿来；带来
12.remind sb+that从句
remind sb to do 提醒某人做某事
remind of 使…想起
13. unless=if not 除非；如果不
14. seem+adj.=seem to be+adj. 似乎
15.keep doing 一直/继续不停做sth
16. give up doing 放弃
17.agree with sb 赞同sb
18. neither of… 两者都不 作主语
19.be able to do 能做sth
20. called/named Monkey 被称为
21. for the first time 第一次
22.in fact=actually 事实上
23. look like 看起来像
24.This is because=The reason is that 这是因为
25. for+段时间 持续一段时间
26.more than=over 超过
e out 出版，发行
28. be/become interested in 对…感兴趣
29. It takes........to do 花费sb......做sth
30. get married to sb 与某人结婚
31.so+adj.+a.an+n.(单)+that从句
such+a/an+adj.+n.(单数)+that从句
32.make a plan 制定一个计划
33.plan to do 计划去做某事
34.make a plan to do 制定一个计划去做某事
35. hear sb doing (正在进行) 听到某人正在做某事
hear sb do（全过程） 听到某人做了某事
36. not…until 直到…才
37.get to someplace 到达某地
38.along the way 沿途
39. learn about 了解
40. shine bright 照耀
41.be lost=get lost 迷路
42. a piece of… 一张/一块/一首/一条…
43. all over the world 全世界
44.on the ground 在地上
45. find out 弄清楚;查明
46. lead sb to someplace 引导sb到某地
lead to 通往…;引起（结果等）
47. house ( made of bread…) 面包做的房子
48. be made of 由…做的 看出原材料
49.in a low voice 以....低声音
50. brave enough 足够勇敢
51. make 72 changes 做出72中变化
52.hide his tail 隐藏他的尾巴
53. think of ways 想出方法
54. make a dress 做衣服
55.put on 穿上
56.the main character 主人公
57. a good way to solve problem 解决问题的好方法
58. at other times 平时；有时
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