资源简介

英语 选择性必修 第三册[RJ]
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．Christianity n. 基督教
2．primitive adj. 发展水平低的；原始的；远古的
n. 文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品)
3．two dimensional adj. 二维的
4．mythology n. 神话；虚幻的想法
5．client n. 委托人；当事人；客户
6．Impressionism n. 印象主义；印象派(绘画风格)
7．sunrise n. 日出
8．outer adj. 外表的；外边的；外围的
9．Cubism n. 立体主义；立体派
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．breakthrough n. 重大进展；突破
2．reputation n. 名誉；名声
3．noble n. 贵族成员；出身高贵的人　adj. 崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的
4．rank n. 地位；级别；行列　vt.& vi. 把……分等级；使排成行
5．purchase vt. 购买；采购　n. 购买；购买的东西
6．emerge vi.& vt. 出现；浮现；暴露
7．convey vt. 表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
1．precise adj. 准确的；精确的→precisely adv. 准确地；精确地；的确如此
2．realistic adj. 现实的；逼真的→realism n. 逼真；现实主义；务实作风→realist n. 现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者
3．dimension n. 维；规模；范围→dimensional adj. 维的；空间的；尺寸的
4．humanity n. 人性；人道；(统称)人类→humanistic adj. 人文主义的
5．influential adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的→influence vt. 影响；对……起作用　n. 影响；作用；有影响的人/事物
6．photography n. 照相术；摄影→photograph n. 照片　v. 拍照；照相→photographer n. 摄影师；拍照者
7．subjective adj. 主观的→subject n. 主语；主题；学科
8．subsequent adj. 随后的；后来的；之后的→subsequently adv. 随后；后来
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
fond 熟义：adj. 喜爱
生义：adj. (只用于名词前)深情的；温情的；慈爱的；(指希望)难以实现的；痴想的
五、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．in__particular 尤其；特别
2．set__apart__from 使与众不同；使突出；使优于……
3．be__fond__of 喜爱；喜欢
课文三维剖析
温馨提示：坚持自主学习“课文三维剖析”，走进来，揣摩它，复利思维，你会收获一个语法通！
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING
西方绘画简史
What is Western art It is hard to give a precise definition1. As2 there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text3. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art4 is to look at the development of Western painting5 over the centuries. 1动词不定式短语作真正的主语 2引导原因状语从句 3动词不定式短语作真正的主语 4动词不定式短语作后置定语 5动词不定式短语作表语
什么是西方艺术？很难给出一个明确的定义。由于西方艺术风格多种多样，不可能在一篇短文中描述全部。也许，了解西方艺术的最好方法就是回顾若干个世纪以来西方绘画的发展。
The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)
中世纪时期(5－15世纪)
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity6. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance7. This began to change8 in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (12671337). While9 his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact. 6动词不定式短语作表语 7动词不定式短语作目的状语 8动词不定式作宾语 9引导让步状语从句
中世纪时期，西方艺术的目的是向人们传授基督教。因此，艺术家们对描绘真实场景并无兴趣，他们的作品往往是原始的、二维的，主角也通常被塑造得比其他人高大许多，以显示其重要性。13世纪乔托·迪·邦多纳(1267年－1337年)的出现改变了这一现象。尽管他的绘画仍是宗教主题，但展示了真实环境中的真实人物。他的绘画尤其以逼真的人脸和强烈的情感冲击而与众不同。
The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)
文艺复兴时期(14－17世纪)
New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result10, painters concentrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life11. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (14011428). Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (14521519), Michelangelo (14751564), and Raphael (14831520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations to produce some of the greatest artF12 thatF13 Europe had ever seen. 10介词短语作状语 11动词不定式短语作宾语 12动词不定式短语作状语 13引导定语从句，修饰先行词art
新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪时期旧的思想和价值观。因此，画家们较少关注宗教主题。他们开始对生活采取一种更为人性化的态度。这一时期的一项重大突破是马萨乔(1401年－1428年)对透视法的运用。一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇(1452年－1519年)、米开朗琪罗(1475年－1564年)和拉斐尔(1483年－1520年)，在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。
Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism14, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While15 painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (16061669), who16 gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light. 14介词短语作状语 15引导让步状语从句 16引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明Rembrandt
另一大创新是油性颜料的使用。凭借其浓重的色彩和写实主义，一些最好的油画作品看上去与照片相似。尽管早在达·芬奇时代，一些画家就使用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗(1606年－1669年)使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他拥有“光影大师”的雅称。
In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology17. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that18 were beautiful and interesting to look at. 17现在分词短语作后置定语 18引导定语从句，修饰先行词paintings
在题材方面，重心日益从宗教主题转向我们身边的人与世界。国王、贵族和地位显赫的人都想购买自己及其所爱之人的精确画像，而其他人想要的则是展示重大历史事件或神话故事的绘画。最后，大多数顾客想要的是漂亮、有趣的绘画。
Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)
印象派时期(19世纪末－20世纪初)
The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid 19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what19 people and the world looked like.Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet (18401926) called Impression, Sunrise20. In this work, Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement21 in the scene—the subjective impression the scene gave him22 —but not a detailed record of the scene itself. 19引导宾语从句 20过去分词短语作后置定语 21动词不定式短语作表语 22省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词impression
在19世纪中叶摄影术发明之前，西方艺术发展缓慢。摄影术发明之后，绘画不再需要保留人与世界的模样。因此，画家必须找到一种新的方式来看待他们的艺术。于是，印象主义在法国应运而生。这项新运动的名称源自克劳德·莫奈(1840年－1926年)名为《日出·印象》的绘画作品。在这幅作品里，莫奈的目的是传递场景中的光与运动——即场景给予他的主观印象，而非对场景本身的一种具体记录。
While23 many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (18411919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black and white photographs of that time period, Renoir's paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well24. 23引导让步状语从句 24动词不定式短语作宾语
虽然许多印象派画家描绘的是大自然或日常生活中的场景，但是雷诺阿(1841年－1919年)等其他画家却侧重于人物。与那一时期冷色调的黑白照片不同，雷诺阿的绘画饱含光影、色彩和生活元素。他力求既展示主题人物的外在形象，又展示其内在的温暖和人性。
Modern Art (from the 20th century to today)
现代艺术时期(20世纪至今)
After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, “What do we do next？” Painters such as Picasso (18811973) tried to analyse the shapes which25 existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubism. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream like quality. Still others turned to abstract art. What26 they attempted to do was no longer show reality27, but instead to ask the question, “What is art？” 25引导定语从句，修饰先行词shapes 26引导主语从句 27省略了to的动词不定式短语作表语
在印象主义之后，后代的艺术家们开始发问：“接下来我们应该做什么？”毕加索(1881年－1973年)等画家试图分析自然世界中存在的形状，但是以一种新的方式——立体主义。其他画家则赋予自己的绘画一种写实却又梦幻般的品质。还有一些画家则转向抽象艺术。他们所做的尝试不再是展示现实，而是提出这一问题：“艺术是什么？”
阅读领悟
(一)填空并连线
(二)问题链
1．What did painters mainly paint during the Middle Ages
Things__related__to__religion.
2．When did the oil painting come into being
During__the__Renaissance.
3．What caused the emergence of Impressionism
The__invention__of__photography.
探究一　热词
1.reputation n. 名誉；名声(教材P2)
gain/acquire/earn/enjoy a reputation as ... 获得/赢得/享有……的声誉 damage/ruin one's reputation有损/败坏某人的声誉 have a good/bad reputation有好/坏名声 have a reputation for ... 以……著称/闻名 live up to one's reputation名副其实
①She soon acquired a reputation as a first class cook.
她不久就获得了一级厨师的名誉。
②The hotel has a bad reputation.
这家旅馆的名声不好。
③She has a reputation for being calm and cool headed.
她以沉着冷静著称。(人物描写)
④The weather in England is living up to its reputation.
英格兰的天气真是名副其实。(旅游出行)
　reputation和fame都有“名声”的意思。reputation可指好名声，亦可指坏名声，强调人们心目中的印象；fame强调较高的知名度。
选词填空(reputation/fame)
①She went to Hollywood in search of fame and fortune.
②The company's reputation was damaged by the scandal.
完成句子
③那位选手在比赛时作弊了，这有损他的声誉。
The player cheated during the game, which__damaged__his__reputation．
④作为一名教师，他以耐心和负责著称。
As a teacher, he has__a__reputation__for__being__patient__and__responsible.
2.rank n. 地位；级别；行列　vt.& vi. 把……分等级；使排成行(教材P2)
in rank 排名；按等级 of high rank 高级别的；上层的 rank as ... 被列为…… rank with ... 与……并列 rank/be ranked＋序数词 排名第……
①Promotion will mean that I'm immediately above him in rank.
晋升将意味着我的级别直接高于他。
②She said that 1989 must rank as the most remarkable year for change in Europe since 1848.
她说1989年是欧洲自1848年以来变化最显著的一年。
③This must rank with (＝be as good as) one of the greatest movies ever made.
这部影片一定可以与史上最优秀的影片之一相媲美。
④Agassi was at that time ranked sixth in the world.
当时，阿加西在世界上排名第六。
单句语法填空
①She was not used to mixing with people of high rank.
②The novel can rank with the best of the last ten years.
③Today's match ranks as one of the most exciting games that these two have ever played.
翻译
④据说他的妻子在公司的级别比他高。
It's__said__that__his__wife__is__above__him__in__rank__in__the__company.
⑤去年，他在他的年龄段中排名第二。
Last__year,__he__(was)__ranked__second__in__his__age__group.
3.purchase vt. 购买；采购　n. 购买；购买的东西(教材P2)
purchaser n. 购买者；采购人员；买主 purchase sth for sb 为某人购买某物 purchase sth from ... 从……购买/采购某物 purchase sth with ... 用/通过……购买某物 make a purchase 购买；采购 for the purchase of ... 用于购买……
①She has purchased a villa for her parents in Shanghai.
她在上海为她的父母购买了一幢别墅。
②The equipment can be purchased from your local supplier.
设备可以从当地供应商处购买。
③She purchased her first house with the money.
她用这笔钱买了她的第一套房子。
④She made two purchases from my stall yesterday.
她昨天从我的摊位上买了两件东西。
⑤He gave his son some money for the purchase of his school books.
他给了他儿子一些钱用于购买课本。
单句语法填空
①While staying in the village, we used to purchase fresh vegetables from the locals.
②As there was a special promotion, my mother made a lot of purchases (purchase) on the Internet.
完成句子
③你认为借助网上银行服务购物安全吗？
Do you think it is safe to__purchase__goods__with__the__help__of__online__banking__services
④他工作了一整个夏天，是为了存钱买架钢琴。
He worked all summer to__save__money__for__the__purchase__of__a__piano.
4.emerge vi.& vt. 出现；浮现；暴露(教材P3)
emergence n. 出现；兴起 emerge from(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现，浮现，露出；(从困境中)幸存下来，摆脱出来 emerge as 以……的形式出现 It emerged that ... 结果发现……
①The emergence of small Japanese cars in the 1970s challenged the US and European manufacturers.
20世纪70年代，日本小型汽车的出现对美国和欧洲汽车制造商构成了挑战。
②The two girls suddenly emerged from among the trees, both of whom seemed to be calm and unhurt.
那两个女孩突然从树丛中冒了出来，她们看起来都很镇静也没受伤。(人物描写)
③He emerged as a key figure in the campaign.
他成为这次运动的关键人物。
④It emerged that the judge had employed an illegal immigrant.
结果发现法官雇用了一名非法移民。
单句语法填空
①They slowly emerged from the church into the bright daylight.
②That is the emergence (emerge) of a new world order over the past decade.
③Online language learning has emerged as an updated learning trend for the web based learners.
④It emerged that they didn't agree with each other.
翻译
⑤二十世纪六十年代出现了许多新兴国家。
The__1960s__saw__the__emergence__of__many__new__nations.
5.convey vt. 表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送(教材P3)
convey ... to sb 向某人表达/传递(感情等) convey sb/sth from A to B 把某人/某物从A地运送到B地 convey to sb that/wh 从句 向某人表达…… convey one's feeling/meaning/appreciation/affection/emotion 表达某人的感情/意思/欣赏/喜爱/情感
①The teacher used simple language to convey the complex concept to the students.
老师用简单的语言向学生们表达了这个复杂的概念。
②Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators.
管道将热水从锅炉输送到暖气片。
③He wanted to convey to me that an expensive car doesn't make me a better person or better player.
他想告诉我，一辆昂贵的汽车并不能让我成为一个更好的人或更好的运动员。
④Through his music, the artist successfully conveyed his feeling of joy and freedom.
这位艺术家通过他的音乐成功地表达了他的快乐和自由之情。
单句语法填空
①Your luggage will be__conveyed (convey) to the hotel by taxi.
②He tried desperately to convey to her how urgent the situation was.
③Please convey my gratitude to your parents for their warm welcome and gracious hospitality.
完成句子
④我真不知道如何表达我对您的感激之情。(感谢信)
I really don't know how__to__convey__my__great__gratitude__to__you for your great favour.
6．realistic adj. 现实的；逼真的→realism n. 逼真；现实主义；务实作风→realist n. 现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者
As a realist, she prefers realism in her paintings, creating realistic scenes that are true to life.
作为一名现实主义画家，她在绘画中偏爱现实主义，创造出真实的生活场景。
7．influential adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的→influence vt. 影响；对……起作用　n. 影响；作用；有影响的人/事物
The influential leader's speech had a profound influence on the crowd, inspiring them to take action.
这位有影响力的领导人的讲话对群众产生了深远的影响，激励他们采取行动。
单句语法填空
①His book has been very influential (influence) in shaping modern education practices.
②If you can set realistic (realism) goals, you are most likely to achieve them.
完成句子
③他的第一位音乐老师是他一生中对他影响非常大的人。
His first music teacher was__a__major__influence__in__his__life．
8　fond
[熟义]adj. 喜爱 [生义]adj. (只用于名词前)深情的；温情的；慈爱的；(指希望)难以实现的；痴想的
①We had grown fond of the house and didn't want to leave.
我们已经喜欢上了这座房子，不想离开。
②The fond parents watched their child perform on stage with pride in their eyes.
慈爱的父母骄傲地看着他们的孩子在舞台上表演。
③My fond hope is that we will be ready by Christmastime.
我痴想着希望我们可以在圣诞假期前准备就绪。
同义词替换
①I have very fond memories of my time in Spain. affectionate
翻译
②我们彼此深情地道别，并答应写信。
We__said__a__fond__farewell__to__each__other____and__promised__to__write.
③我整日等待，痴心地希望她会回心转意。
I__waited__all__day__in__the__fond__hope__that__she__would__change__her__mind.
探究二　短语
9.in particular 尤其；特别(教材 P2)
particular adj. 专指的；特别的；挑剔的 particularly adv. 尤其；特别 be particular about/over ... 对……挑剔；对……讲究 be particular to ... 为……所特有
①The festival attracted many visitors, but young people in particular seemed to enjoy it the most.
这个节日吸引了很多游客，特别是年轻人似乎最喜欢它。
②I often do absent minded things, particularly when I'm worried.
我经常做一些心不在焉的事情，尤其是当我担心的时候。
③He is very particular about the kitchen—everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.
他对厨房很挑剔——每样东西都必须干净整齐。(人物描写)
单句语法填空
①Don't be too particular about/over what you eat and wear; pay more attention to your study and work.
②More local employment will be created, particularly (particular) in service industries.
③The whole meal was good but the wine in particular was excellent.
翻译
④众所周知，熊猫是中国所特有的。
As__is__known__to__all,__pandas__are__particular__to__China.
10.set apart from 使与众不同；使突出；使优于……(教材P2)
set其他相关短语： set aside 留出(钱或时间)；把……放到一旁 set down 让(某人)下车；写下，记下 set off 出发，动身；引发；使(炸弹等)爆炸 set out (＋for＋地点)动身，启程(去……)；(＋to do sth) 开始着手做某事 set about (doing) sth 开始/着手(做)某事 set up 建起，设立；建立，开办，创建；竖起；安装好
①Her clear and elegant writing sets her apart from other journalists.
她清晰优雅的文笔使她在其他记者中脱颖而出。
②Doctors advise setting aside a certain hour each day for worry.
医生建议每天留出一点时间来解决烦心事。(建议信)
③He was the one who first set down the stories of the Celtic storytellers.
他是首位将凯尔特说书人讲的故事记载下来的人。
④Kate set out for the house on the other side of the bay.
凯特动身前往海湾另一边的房子。
单句语法填空
①Dust, air pollution or smoke can set off an asthma attack.
②We'd better set aside these paper cups for the next party.
翻译
③他的独特才能使他在团队中脱颖而出。
His__unique__talent__sets__him__apart__from__the__rest__of__the__group.
探究三　长难句分析
11.He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.(教材P3) 他力求既展示主题人物的外在形象，又展现其内在的温暖和人性。
【分析】　not just ... but ... 意为“不仅……而且……”，连接两个并列成分。
当连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则 类似用法的还有：not only ... but (also) ... (不仅……而且……)，either ... or ... (不是……就是……), neither ... nor ... (既不……也不……)，not ... but ... (不是……而是……)，there be句型
①He believes a good trainer can also serve as a role model—not just during classes, but in daily life.
他认为，一个好的教练也可以成为一个榜样——不仅在课堂上，而且在日常生活中。
②Dear stranger, thank you for the random act of kindness that not only helped my mother out, but made her day too.
亲爱的陌生人，谢谢你这随意的善举，不仅帮助了我妈妈，还让她过得很开心。
③We can either eat now or after the show—it's up to you.
我们可以现在吃，也可以等演出结束后再吃——由你决定。
④There are neither good nor bad professions, only suitable or unsuitable ones.
职业没有好坏之分，只有适合与不适合之分。
单句语法填空
①Either you or your father is__required (require) to answer the letter.
②He not only read the book, but also remembered what he had read.
③He had neither the time nor the inclination to think of other things.
完成句子
④自从地震发生以来，这名医生和她的同事们夜以继日地抢救伤员。(自然灾害)
Since the earthquake occurred, not just the doctor but__her__workmates__have__been__engaged_
_in saving the injured round the clock.
维度一　高频词汇
(一)写出下列单词和短语的英文
1．purchase vt. 购买；采购　n. 购买；购买的东西
2．humanity n. 人性；人道；(统称)人类
3．noble n. 贵族成员；出身高贵的人　adj. 崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的
4．photography n. 照相术；摄影
5．emerge vi.& vt. 出现；浮现；暴露
6．set__apart__from 使与众不同；使突出；使优于……
7．be__fond__of 喜爱；喜欢
8．attempt__to__do__sth 尝试做某事
9．in__particular 尤其；特别
10．concentrate__on 集中于
(二)写出下列句子中加黑部分的汉语释义
1．Researchers reported another important breakthrough in cancer research.重大进展；突破
2．His reputation was destroyed when he was caught stealing some money.名誉；名声
3．Primitive humans needed to be able to react like this to escape from dangerous animals. 原始的；远古的
4．He was one of the most influential performers of modern jazz. 有很大影响力的
5．I've always been fond of poetry and one piece has always stuck in my mind.喜爱
维度二　语境运用
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．The emergence (emerge) and spread of new diseases is one example that needs to be taken seriously.
2．The problem is due to discipline, or, more precisely (precise), the lack of discipline, in schools.
3．There are limited diseases that can be cured but the humanistic (humanity) care we could provide is unlimited.
4．In his subsequent (subsequently) speech, he referred to the matter again.
5．It is not realistic (realism) to expect people to spend so much money in the hard times.
(四)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的加黑部分
reputation, purchase, precise, noble, convey
1．A house is the most expensive buy that most people ever made.purchase
2．He was an upright and great man who was always willing to help in any way he could.noble
3．We will express this kindness to the people in China when we return.convey
4．This is an opportunity to enhance the fame of the company.reputation
5．Can you give a more accurate definition of the word？precise
维度三　能力提升
(五)长难句分析
(2023·浙江高考1月)I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me.
句意：五年前，当我开始转向零浪费的生活方式时，经历了这一点，当时我和父母住在一起，我和我的丈夫也继续经历这一点，因为他不像我那样完全零浪费。
分析：句子主干是I experienced this and I continue to experience this，并列连词and连接两个“主谓宾”结构。when引导时间状语从句，第一个as引导时间状语从句；第二个as引导原因状语从句。
(六)句型转换
1．The farm work over, while I was tired out, I felt happy because I realized the value of labour. (用although/though改写)
→The farm work over, although/though__I__was__tired__out,__I felt happy because I realized the value of labour.
2．The rate of traffic conflicts and accidents is on the rise with the emergence of cars.(用as从句改写)
→The rate of traffic conflicts and accidents is on the rise as__more__and__more__cars__emerge．
维度四　素养提升
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1. His use of language sets__him__apart__from (使他优于) other modern writers.
2．I would appreciate it if you could introduce your school, after class activities in__particular (尤其)．
3．He didn't like doing sports but was__fond__of (喜欢) eating snacks.
(八)翻译
1．对他来说，最重要的是保持健康和快乐。(动词不定式短语作表语)
The__most__important__thing__for__him__is__to__stay__healthy__and__happy.
2．他不仅通过了考试，还获得了全班最高分。(not only ... but ... )
He__not__only__passed__the__exam,__but__got__the__highest__score__in__the__class.
课后课时作业(一)
温馨提示：丰富的语料是写作的源泉，与其单独背那些枯燥的热词佳句，不如在阅读语境中轻松记忆语篇题中的黑体(除标题和设题外)语句，日积月累，悄然完成迁移，提升写作。
较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·福建省福州市高二下月考)A self taught painter in Chongqing, who spent four years creating 100 illustrations of 100 cities in China, has attracted a lot of attention online.
Pu Zhen, who was born in Chongqing in 1993, __1__ in animation design at college. He started teaching himself painting nine years ago. “The most difficult part is to __2__ my own painting style through __3__ practice，” he said.
In 2018, __4__ by an old notebook he had filled with the names of Chinese cities, he __5__ the idea of doing a unique illustration for each. “I just __6__ my inspiration in creating the city series. Each illustration __7__ a city's typical features，” he said.
　The creative __8__ of the main elements of each city are __9__. Some are mountains, rivers, and iconic (标志性的) buildings, and some are cultural legends. However, they all have the moon as a common image.
“The biggest __10__ is myself，” said Pu, adding that during the time consuming __11__， he had to overcome loneliness and inner conflicts. “But I do feel __12__ that my works are acknowledged by many fans online. Traditional Chinese city __13__ are always worth passing on.”
　 Not only are Pu's paintings well __14__ online, but the netizens are eager to appreciate more. __15__， everyone wants to see their hometowns painted by Pu Zhen. In the future, Pu plans to travel around the country and create illustrations for more cities.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。重庆一位90后画师用4年的时间给100个中国城市绘制画像，一城一景，描绘了月光之下美轮美奂的中国城市景象。
1．A.applied B．majored
C．worked D．researched
答案：B
解析：apply 应用；major 主修；work 工作；research 研究。根据后文的“animation design at college”可知，朴缜在大学所学的专业是动画设计。major in表示“主修”。故选B。
2．A.figure out B．go over
C．make up D．turn down
答案：A
解析：figure out 想出；弄清楚；go over 越过；复习；make up 组成；turn down 调低；拒绝。根据前文的“The most difficult”和后文的“my own painting style”可知，朴缜认为弄清楚自己的绘画风格是最困难的部分。故选A。
3．A.casual B．constant
C．formal D．random
答案：B
解析：casual 随意的；constant 不断的；formal 正式的；random 随机的。根据前文的“The most difficult part is to __2__ my own painting style through”和后文的“practice”可知，要想弄清楚自己的绘画风格，需要在不断实践中探索。故选B。
4．A.moved B．encouraged
C．taught D．inspired
答案：D
解析：move 移动；encourage 鼓励；teach 教授；inspire 赋予灵感；启发。根据后文的“by an old notebook ... illustration for each”和“my inspiration in creating the city series”可知，一本写满中国城市名字的旧笔记本赋予了他灵感，他有了为每个城市做一个独特的插图的想法。故选D。
5．A.put up with B．came up with
C．took care of D．made use of
答案：B
解析：put up with 忍受；come up with 想出；提出；take care of 照顾；make use of 利用。根据后文的“the idea of doing a unique illustration for each”并结合前文的“creating 100 illustrations of 100 cities in China”可知，他有了为每个城市做一个独特的插图的想法。故选B。
6．A.invented B．followed
C．imagined D．discovered
答案：B
解析：invent 发明；follow 跟随；imagine 想象；discover 发现。根据后文的“my inspiration in creating the city series”可知，朴缜跟随自己的灵感创作了这个城市系列。follow one's inspiration为固定短语，意为“追随某人的灵感”。故选B。
7．A.determines B．suggests
C．reflects D．impresses
答案：C
解析：determine 决定；suggest 建议；reflect 反映；反射；impress 给人留下深刻印象。根据后文的“a city's typical features”可知，插图反映了一个城市的典型特征。故选C。
8．A.sources B．stories
C．messages D．materials
答案：A
解析：source 来源；story 故事；message 消息；material 材料。根据后文的“of the main elements of each city”和“Some are mountains, rivers, and iconic (标志性的) buildings, and some are cultural legends.”可知，不同城市的创意来源是不同的。故选A。
9．A.stable B．similar
C．obvious D．different
答案：D
解析：stable 稳定的；similar 相似的；obvious 明显的；different 不同的。根据“The creative ... cultural legends.”可知，不同的城市的创意来源是不同的。故选D。
10．A.challenge B．honor
C．improvement D．victory
答案：A
解析：challenge 挑战；honor 荣誉；improvement 改进；victory 胜利。根据后文的“adding that during the time consuming __11__， he had to overcome loneliness and inner conflicts”可知，他必须克服孤独和内心冲突，所以最大的挑战是他自己。故选A。
11．A.course B．process
C．moment D．stage
答案：B
解析：根据前文的“during the time consuming”并结合常识可知，绘制100幅图是一个很费时的过程。故选B。
12．A.surprised B．confused
C．delighted D．touched
答案：C
解析：surprised 吃惊的；confused 困惑的；delighted 高兴的；touched 感动的。根据后文的“that my works are acknowledged by many fans online”可知，朴缜的作品在网上得到了许多粉丝的认可，所以他很高兴。故选C。
13．A.cultures B．policies
C．systems D．values
答案：A
解析：culture 文化；policy 政策；system 系统；value 价值。根据前文的“Some are mountains, rivers, and iconic (标志性的) buildings, and some are cultural legends.”可知，朴缜的画传递的是中国城市的传统文化元素。故选A。
14．A.judged B．studied
C．attended D．received
答案：D
解析：judge 判断；study 研究；attend 参加；receive 受到(某种待遇或伤害)；对……作出反应。根据前文的“my works are acknowledged by many fans online”和“Not only are Pu's paintings well”可知，朴缜的作品在网上受到好评。be well received意为“受到好评”。故选D。
15．A.Undoubtedly B．Eventually
C．Hopefully D．Generally
答案：A
解析：undoubtedly 毫无疑问；eventually 最终；hopefully 有希望地；generally 通常。根据前文的“Not only are Pu's paintings well __14__ online, but the netizens are eager to appreciate more.”可知，朴缜的画不仅在网上广受欢迎，而且网民们也渴望欣赏更多，此处是指毫无疑问，每个人都想看到朴缜描绘自己的家乡。故选A。
Ⅱ　阅读
(2024·广东省湛江市第二十一中学高二下月考)Born in the Netherlands in 1853, Van Gogh led a simple life in a small town until the age of 16. He then left school and joined a firm of art dealers in the large city of The Hague. He eventually realised that dealing with others' artwork was not his profession. His true love was to become an artist himself.
He devoted much of his time to learning the fundamentals of drawing. Van Gogh believed that to become a great painter, one must first master the ability to draw. It was only after he was comfortable in this area that he began to use oil paints. That is when he developed a style and talent for colour that made him one of the most respected artists of all time.
　Van Gogh's paintings are amazing representations of his view of the world. The colours jump off the canvas (画布), not only because of their brightness but also because of the brush strokes (笔触). Van Gogh avoided light, feathery strokes, which would portray (描写) typical subjects. Instead, he used his brush and oils to make layers that built the painting until it was almost three dimensional.
Perhaps one of the most memorable examples of Van Gogh's use of colour and brush style is his painting The Starry Night. The sky swirls (打旋) across the canvas, while the stars shine with unearthly brightness. Each brushstroke creates the image of movement. The Starry Night shows Van Gogh's great ability to create a powerful image with simple subjects.
　Van Gogh spent only the last ten years of his life painting. He is believed to have sold only one of the 900 paintings he created during those years. Yet today Van Gogh is considered one of the greatest artists of all time. His influence is evident; many painters mimic his style and use of colour. His artwork can be found in museums all over the world and is valued in millions of dollars, an evidence for Vincent Van Gogh's talent.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Van Gogh (凡·高)在色彩和事物的形态塑造方面独具一格，并以其代表作《星夜》为例进行了具体说明。
1．According to the text, Van Gogh learnt how to paint by ________．
A．acquiring basic drawing techniques
B．closely observing the world around him
C．carefully studying the works of great artists
D．reading many books about art
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Van Gogh believed that ... use oil paints.”可知，Van Gogh认为要成为伟大的画家，必须要先掌握基础的绘画技巧。故选A。
2．Which of the following does the author seem to admire most about Van Gogh's paintings
A．The images. B．The mood.
C．The themes. D．The brushwork.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。 根据第三段中的“Van Gogh's paintings ... the brush strokes (笔触)．”可知，Van Gogh成为一位受人尊敬的画家的主要原因是他对色彩的把握有自己的风格和天赋。由此可知，作者最欣赏Van Gogh画作的笔触。故选D。
3．Why does the author refer to The Starry Night
A．To praise Van Gogh's ability.
B．To prove Van Gogh's respect for nature.
C．To show Van Gogh's style of painting.
D．To indicate Van Gogh's feelings about his art.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。 根据第四段中的“Perhaps one of the most memorable examples ... the image of movement.”可推知，作者提到《星夜》这幅画是为了展示Van Gogh的绘画风格。故选C。
4．What does the underlined word “mimic” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Tolerate. B．Judge.
C．Copy. D．Notice.
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Yet today Van Gogh is considered ... His influence is evident (然而，今天的凡·高被认为是有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。他的影响是显而易见的)”以及下文“his style and use of colour (他的风格和色彩的应用)”可知，Van Gogh的作品影响深远，许多人都在模仿他的画风。画线词意为“模仿，效法”。故选C。
Ⅲ　语法填空
(2024·河北省唐山市高二上期末)Healthy eating is something __1__ everyone knows they should do, but few of us do it as __2__ (regular) as we would like. The purpose of this guide is __3__ (share) practical strategies on how to eat healthy.
If you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts and sweet drinks, because sugar is more a killer __4__ fatty food. Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which __5__ (be) full of vitamins and fibre, rather than __6__ (process) foods. In addition, it is also important to include some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide necessary protein for strong __7__ (bone) and muscle growth. As with everything in life, moderation is crucial. The ideal diet is a balanced one, without too much __8__ too little of any one thing. Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly, __9__ (allow) your body to digest your food better.
Healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude towards food. It is up to you to decide __10__ you want to live, and to make right decisions about your diet.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健康饮食的一些实用策略。
1．答案：that
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词something，从句中缺宾语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。
2．答案：regularly
解析：考查词性转换。设空处应用副词修饰动词do。故填regularly。
3．答案：to share
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：本指南旨在分享关于如何健康饮食的实用策略。设空处应用动词不定式作表语，解释主语的具体内容。故填to share。
4．答案：than
解析：考查介词。根据设空前的more可知，此处应用介词than。故填than。
5．答案：are
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。which引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词fruit and vegetables；设空处描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，which指代先行词，在从句中作主语，表示复数，be动词应用are。故填are。
6．答案：processed
解析：考查非谓语动词。process与其修饰词foods之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填processed。
7．答案：bones
解析：考查名词。bone意为“骨骼”，为可数名词，此处应用复数，表示泛指。故填bones。
8．答案：or
解析：考查连词。此处指理想饮食是均衡的，没有太多或太少某种东西，设空处应用选择性并列连词or表示“或者”。故填or。
9．答案：allowing
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用现在分词作结果状语。故填allowing。
10．答案：how
解析：考查宾语从句的连接词。设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语，表示“如何”，应用how引导。故填how。
　精深阅读
(2024·广东省华侨中学高二下月考)If you are crazy about paintings, you shouldn't miss the following four famous masterpieces which have stood the test of time.
　The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document in fifteenth century society, through Van Eyck's heavy use of symbolism—while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.
The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas, a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12 month stay at the mental hospital near Saint Rémy de Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Van Gogh's most famous works.
The Harvesters
　The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
　Guernica, a large black and white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofaí in Madrid.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四幅名画，它们都经受住了时间的考验。
1．Which of the following paintings was produced earliest
A．The Arnolfini Portrait.
B．The Starry Night.
C．The Harvesters.
D．Guernica.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据The Arnolfini Portrait部分中的“... produced in 1434”，The Starry Night部分中的“... France between 1889 and 1890”，The Harvesters部分中的“... in 1565”和Guernica部分中的“... Pablo Picasso in 1937”可知，The Arnolfini Portrait是最早创作的画。故选A。
2．What do we know about the painting The Starry Night
A．It was painted on wood in oil.
B．It wasn't widely recognized before 1940s.
C．It described the painter's life in hospital.
D．It was given away to the museum by a private collector.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据The Starry Night部分中的“When the Museum ... famous works.”可知，The Starry Night在1940年之前并不出名。故选B。
3．Who created the painting representing the massive catastrophe the Nazism brought to people
A．Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B．Vincent van Gogh.
C．Jan van Eyck.
D．Pablo Picasso.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Guernica部分中的“Guernica, a large black and white oil painting ... the tragedies of war.”可知，Pablo Picasso创作了这幅表现纳粹主义给人类带来巨大灾难的画作。故选D。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．masterpiece n. 杰作；代表作
2．informative adj. 提供有用信息的；给予知识的
3．symbolism n. 象征主义
4．abstract adj. 抽象的
5．private adj. 私人的；私有的
(二)高频短语
6．be crazy about 痴迷于
7．engage__in 参与；参加，从事于
8．refer__to 提到；查阅
9．as a result 因此
10．be__housed__at 被安置于……
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．The temperature is expected to rise moderately (moderate) over the next few days.
2．Her expressive (express) eyes told me everything she wanted to say.
3．The artist's paintings are visually (visual) stunning, capturing the beauty of nature.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
4．The gallery is exhibiting some of the artist's earliest painting works.作品
5．This painting is a reminder of the good times we had during our college years.引起回忆的事物
6．The government has introduced new policies to encourage domestic manufacturing.国内的
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1．Inside, 20 km of galleries collect thousands of works of art.house
2．The museum is known for its exquisite Russian oil paintings.famed
3．The auction house is selling an oil painting painted by a famous Impressionist artist.produced
(六)长难句分析
If you are crazy about paintings, you shouldn't miss the following four famous masterpieces which have stood the test of time.
句意：如果你痴迷于绘画，那就一定不能错过以下四幅经得起时间考验的杰作。
分析：主干是you__shouldn't__miss__the__masterpieces；If引导条件状语从句；which引导定语从句，修饰先行词four__famous__masterpieces。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．My friend is__crazy__about (痴迷于) photography and takes pictures of everything she sees.
2．Nowadays, office workers rarely engage__in (参加) regular exercise.
(八)仿写句子
The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. (定语从句)
仿写：你有什么想为自己说的吗？
Do__you__have__anything__that__you__want__to__say__for__yourself
课后课时作业(二)
较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比40%)　拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★★★
Ⅰ　阅读
A
(2024·全国甲卷)Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages.
Light Awash in Watercolor
Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 18801990：Into the Light.
Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity
From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials.
Wheel Throwing
Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!
Knitting and Pom Pom Making
Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织)．
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了ARTS FIRST艺术节的相关艺术展览和艺术制作活动。
1．What do we know about ARTS FIRST
A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings.
B．It offers art courses for all ages.
C．It presents recreational activities.
D．It is a major tourist attraction.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We look forward to ... art exhibitions and art－making activities.”可知，ARTS FIRST艺术节将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力。由此可知，ARTS FIRST艺术节提供娱乐活动。故选C。
2．Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures
A．Light Awash in Watercolor.
B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.
C．Wheel Throwing.
D．Knitting and Pom Pom Making.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Light Awash in Watercolor部分中的“Learn about ... of watercolor paint”和“Try your hand ... used by artists”可知，在Light Awash in Watercolor项目中可以了解水彩颜料的原料和特点，还可以尝试艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。因此如果你对绘画感兴趣，可以参加该项目。故选A。
3．What can you do together with Javier Marin
A．Practice a traditional dance.
B．Make handcrafts.
C．Visit a local museum.
D．Feed invertebrates.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity部分中的“Join Javier Marin ... out of craft (手工艺) materials.”可知，人们可以和Javier Marin (哈维尔·马林)一起用手工艺材料制作自己的“无脊椎艺术家”，即一起进行手工制作。故选B。
B
(2024·云南师范大学附属中学高二下月考)What is art That's an easy question to answer. Art is a painting, a drawing or a sculpture. Now there are new items to add to the list. Art is a dead shark in a glass case. Artisan unmade bed. Art is a video of a group of people standing completely still for sixty minutes.
A new group of young artists began to produce work to challenge the accepted idea of what art is and the role the artist should play in society. This group came to be known as the YBAs—the Young British Artists. The art of the YBAs does not just stick to painting and sculpture. It uses all kinds of different materials to express the feeling of the artist.
Damien Hirst is the most famous of the YBAs. The Shark in the Box is his work and is meant to express his own fear of dying. The shark stands for death. Right now, it is harmless. But eventually it will come for you. There is nothing to be done about it.
　Traditionally, artists have a message. They use their skills to lead us to enlightenment (启迪). The message of the YBAs is that they cannot do this. They are just as mixed up and confused as everybody else. A journalist once asked Damien Hirst what his next idea was for an artwork. “I don't know what I'm going to do next. I never know what I'm going to do next，” he replied.
Another YBA, Tracy Emin recently produced a work called Bed. This is just her own bed with the sheets disarranged and dirty. And the message “Look at me—I'm a mess.”
Some artists work with citizens in producing their work. Gillian Wearing filmed a group of people dressed as policemen trying to keep still for 60 minutes while standing on top of a table. At the end of that time, the table falls apart and everyone falls to the floor. You can try to be a good citizen and a respectable member of the community. But don't try too hard or the pressure will be too much.
Art mirrors the sale of society. In the work of the YBAs we can see a society on the threshold (开端) of the future—a bit worried, a bit excited and wondering what is going to happen next. The YBAs can't guide us, but they can make the journey more interesting.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一群英国青年艺术家(YBAs)以及他们的作品形式。
4．What's the author's purpose in writing Paragraph 1
A．To provide background information.
B．To start a topic for the readers.
C．To present the main idea of the text.
D．To introduce the key characters in the text.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段内容可推知，第一段的目的是引出艺术家的定义这一话题。故选B。
5．What's the aim of YBAs
A．To challenge the society.
B．To change the whole world.
C．To challenge the fixed idea about the art.
D．To change the materials of the painting.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A new group ... the Young British Artists.”可知，YBAs的目的是挑战关于艺术的固有观念。故选C。
6．What does Tracy Emin want to convey in her work Bed
A．She is as messy as her bed.
B．She is going to tidy her bed.
C．She is willing to arrange her bed.
D．She is lonely and annoyed.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段(另一位YBA艺术家Tracy Emin(特蕾西·埃明)最近创作了一部名为《床》的作品。这只是她自己的床，床单乱糟糟的，脏兮兮的。信息是什么？“看看我，我一团糟。”)可推知，Tracy Emin想在她的作品《床》中传达她像床一样乱。故选A。
7．Which is the best title of the passage
A．What Is Art
B．Art Mirrors the State of Society
C．New Art Forms Appear
D．A Special Art Team—YBAs
答案：D
解析：标题判断题。文章主要介绍了一群英国青年艺术家(YBAs)以及他们的作品形式，D项(一个特殊的艺术团队——YBAs)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
Ⅱ　读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·河北省部分地区高二上期末)When I was in high school, my art teacher asked me to participate in a regional painting competition. I hesitated at first. Although I loved art, I had always painted for myself, not for contests or recognition. My family, who had moved from Mexico, encouraged me to express our culture through my art, but I was unsure about exposing my work to the public. Painting was a personal journey for me, a way to connect with my roots and express my emotions.
But my teacher saw something in my paintings that I hadn't. She said, “Your work tells a story, a vibrant narrative of your heritage and dreams. You should share it with the world.” Motivated by her confidence in me, I decided to take the leap.
I chose the theme of “Migration” for my painting. It was a tribute to my family's journey from Mexico to the United States, a blend of colors and emotions depicting both the struggles and hopes of moving to a new land. I poured my heart into that canvas, each stroke representing a piece of my story.
As I worked, I found myself lost in the memories and experiences of my family. The more I painted, the more I understood the sacrifices they had made for me. My doubts turned into determination. I wanted this painting not just to be seen but to be felt. I stayed up late for several nights, perfecting every detail, ensuring that every color and every line conveyed the emotions I felt so deeply.
When I finally finished, I was no longer concerned about winning. The painting was a part of me, a representation of my family's journey and my growth as an artist.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
The day of the competition arrived, and my heart was racing as I displayed my painting among the others.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 After the competition, I walked up to my art teacher, filled with a mix of gratitude and pride. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的老师很欣赏作者，建议作者参加地区绘画比赛，作者一开始有些犹豫，后来在老师的鼓励下决定参赛。比赛那天，作者的表现如何？比赛结束后，老师会对作者说些什么？
[精彩范文]
The day of the competition arrived, and my heart was racing as I displayed my painting among the others. I felt a mix of excitement and nervousness as I saw the diverse and impressive artworks surrounding mine. Each piece told a unique story, but I knew that my painting held a special place in my heart, embodying not only my artistic expression but also my family's journey and cultural heritage. As the judges began to evaluate the paintings, I closed my eyes and whispered a silent prayer, hoping that my message would resonate with those who viewed it. Finally, the head judge announced that I won!
After the competition, I walked up to my art teacher, filled with a mix of gratitude and pride. She smiled warmly at me and said, “Congratulations! You've captured the essence of ‘Migration’ beautifully.” Her words filled me with a sense of validation and accomplishment. I knew that I had succeeded in sharing a piece of myself with the world. The journey of creating and exhibiting my painting had not only honed my artistic skills but had also deepened my connection to my roots. As I thanked my teacher for her guidance and support, I realized that taking that leap of faith had led me to a new level of artistic fulfillment and self discovery.
　精深阅读
(2024·陕西省咸阳市实验中学高二下月考)The term “Hudson River school” was applied to the foremost representatives of nineteenth century North American landscape painting. Apparently unknown during the golden days of the American landscape movement, which began around 1850s and lasted until the late 1860s, the Hudson River school seems to have emerged in the 1870s as a direct result of the struggle between the old and the new generations of artists each to assert its own style as the representative American art. The older painters, most of whom were born before 1835, practiced in a mode often self taught and monopolized by landscape subject matter and were securely established in and fostered by the reigning American art organization, the National Academy of Design.
The younger painters returning home from training in Europe worked more with figural subject matter and in a bold and impressionistic technique; their prospects for patronage in their own country were uncertain, and they sought to attract it by attaining academic recognition in New York. One of the results of the conflict between the two factions was that what in previous years had been referred to as the American, native, or, occasionally New York school—the most representative school of American art in any genre—had by 1890s become firmly established in the minds of critics and the public alike as the Hudson River school.
　The sobriquet was first applied around 1879. While it was not intended as flattering, it was hardly inappropriate. The Academicians at whom it was aimed had worked and socialized in New York, the Hudson's port city, and had painted the river and its shores with varying frequency. Most important, perhaps, was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity a manner of technique and composition consistent with those of America's first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.
A possible implication in the term applied to the group of landscapists was that many of them had, like Cole, lived on or near the banks of the Hudson. Further, the river had long served as the principal route to other sketching grounds favored by the Academicians, particularly the Adirondacks and the mountains of Vermont and New Hampshire different ways.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了19世纪北美风景画最重要的代表——“哈德逊河画派”。
1．According to the passage, what was the function of the National Academy of Design for the painters born before 1835
A．It mediated conflicts between artists.
B．It supervised the incorporation of new artistic techniques.
C．It supported their growth and development.
D．It determined which subjects were appropriate.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The older painters ... the National Academy of Design.(这些年长的画家大多出生于1835年之前，他们的创作模式往往是自学成才，以风景题材为主，并在美国主流艺术组织——国家设计学院中稳定地立足和发展。)”可知，国家设计学院支持1835年之前出生的画家的成长和发展。故选C。
2．Where did the younger generation of painters receive the artistic training
A．In New Hampshire. B．In the Adirondacks.
C．In Vermon. D．In Europe.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The younger painters ... worked more with figural subject matter (从欧洲学成归国的年轻画家们更多地使用人物题材)”可知，年轻一代的画家是在欧洲接受艺术训练的。故选D。
3．The underlined word “factions” is closest in meaning to “________”．
A．people B．sides
C．cities D．images
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“the most representative school ... the Hudson River school (作为美国艺术流派中最具代表性的流派，到19世纪90年代，哈德逊河画派已经在评论界和公众心目中确立了牢固的地位)”可知，美国艺术中最具代表性的流派已经牢固确立了地位，由此可推知，画线词意为“流派，学派，帮派”，与side意思最相近。故选B。
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Hudson River School
B．The Nature's Nation
C．Early Painters and Their Drawings
D．North American Landscape Painting
答案：A
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了19世纪北美风景画最重要的代表——“哈德逊河画派”。A项(哈德逊河画派)最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．foster v. 促进；培养
2．prospect n. 前景；前途
3．technique n. 技巧；技艺
4．inappropriate adj. 不恰当的；不合适的
5．frequency n. 频率
(二)高频短语
6．apply__to 应用于
7．in the mind of 在……的脑海中
8．consistent with 与……一致
9．serve__as 用作；充当
10．be__favored__by 受到……的青睐
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．The club's aim is to__foster (foster) better relations within the community.
2．I thought she had retired, but apparently (apparent) she hasn't.
3．His work has received popular recognition (recognize)．
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
4．The two paintings are strikingly alike in style and technique.相似的
5．Weihe River is the biggest river and principal surface water source in Guanzhong Basin.主要的
6．The child sketched a cartoon character with a few simple lines.素描；速写
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1．It is unclear what his role in the company will be in the future.uncertain
2．The visitors admired his paintings, but especially the portrait of his daughter.particularly
3．The teacher tried to inspire her students to pursue their dreams through hard work.sought
(六)长难句分析
Most important, perhaps, was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity a manner of technique and composition consistent with those of America's first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.
句意：也许最重要的是，一定程度上他们都忠实地保持了与美国第一位受欢迎的风景画家托马斯·科尔一致的技巧和构图方式，他以绘制哈德逊河沿岸的卡茨基尔山风景为职业。
分析：主干是Most__important__was__...；that引导表语从句；who引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明Thomas Cole。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．The knowledge learned in class should be__applied__to (被应用于) real world situations.
2．Several painters were working on a huge piece of canvas (帆布) which would serve__as (用作) the scenery.
(八)仿写句子
While it was not intended as flattering, it was hardly inappropriate. (while引导让步状语从句)
仿写：虽然到目前为止都是好消息，但是可能过几天就有坏消息了。
While__the__news,__so__far,__has__been__good,__there__may__be__days__ahead__when__it__is__bad.
27(共153张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 1 ART
单元主题：人与社会——文化艺术
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
预习检测 词汇打卡
自主学习 课文语篇
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业(一)
5
课后课时作业(二)
6
预习检测 词汇打卡
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．Christianity n. ________
2．primitive adj. ______________________________
n. ___________________________
3．two dimensional adj. _________
4．mythology n. _________________
5．client n. _____________________
6．Impressionism n. ___________________________
7．sunrise n. ________
8．outer adj. ________________________
9．Cubism n. ___________________
基督教
发展水平低的；原始的；远古的
文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品)
二维的
神话；虚幻的想法
委托人；当事人；客户
印象主义；印象派(绘画风格)
日出
外表的；外边的；外围的
立体主义；立体派
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．____________ n. 重大进展；突破
2．__________ n. 名誉；名声
3．______ n. 贵族成员；出身高贵的人　adj. 崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的
4．_____ n. 地位；级别；行列　vt.& vi. 把……分等级；使排成行
5．________ vt. 购买；采购　n. 购买；购买的东西
6．________ vi.& vt. 出现；浮现；暴露
7．________ vt. 表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送
breakthrough
reputation
noble
rank
purchase
emerge
convey
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
1．precise adj. 准确的；精确的→________ adv. 准确地；精确地；的确如此
2．realistic adj. 现实的；逼真的→________ n. 逼真；现实主义；务实作风→______ n. 现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者
3．dimension n. 维；规模；范围→___________ adj. 维的；空间的；尺寸的
4．humanity n. 人性；人道；(统称)人类→__________ adj. 人文主义的
5．influential adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的→________ vt. 影响；对……起作用　n. 影响；作用；有影响的人/事物
6．photography n. 照相术；摄影→____________ n. 照片　v. 拍照；照相→___________ n. 摄影师；拍照者
precisely
realism
realist
dimensional
humanistic
influence
photograph
photographer
7．subjective adj. 主观的→________ n. 主语；主题；学科
8．subsequent adj. 随后的；后来的；之后的→___________ adv. 随后；后来
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
fond 熟义：adj. ______
生义：adj. (只用于名词前)深情的；温情的；慈爱的；(指希望)难以实现的；痴想的
五、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．___________ 尤其；特别
2．_____________ 使与众不同；使突出；使优于……
3．__________ 喜爱；喜欢
subject
subsequently
喜爱
in particular
set apart from
be fond of
自主学习 课文语篇
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING
西方绘画简史
What is Western art It is hard to give a precise definition1. As2 there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text3. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art4 is to look at the development of Western painting5 over the centuries.
课文三维剖析
1 动词不定式短语作___________
2 引导__________从句
3 动词不定式短语作___________
4 动词不定式短语作_________
5 动词不定式短语作______
温馨提示：坚持自主学习“课文三维剖析”，走进来，揣摩它，复利思维，你会收获一个语法通！
真正的主语
原因状语
真正的主语
后置定语
表语
什么是西方艺术？很难给出一个明确的定义。由于西方艺术风格多种多样，不可能在一篇短文中描述全部。也许，了解西方艺术的最好方法就是回顾若干个世纪以来西方绘画的发展。
6 动词不定式短语作______
7 动词不定式短语作________
8 动词不定式作_____
9 引导_________从句
The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)
中世纪时期(5－15世纪)
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity6. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance7. This began to change8 in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267 1337). While9 his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
表语
目的状语
宾语
让步状语
中世纪时期，西方艺术的目的是向人们传授基督教。因此，艺术家们对描绘真实场景并无兴趣，他们的作品往往是原始的、二维的，主角也通常被塑造得比其他人高大许多，以显示其重要性。13世纪乔托·迪·邦多纳(1267年－1337年)的出现改变了这一现象。尽管他的绘画仍是宗教主题，但展示了真实环境中的真实人物。他的绘画尤其以逼真的人脸和强烈的情感冲击而与众不同。
10 介词短语作____
11 动词不定式短语作____
12 动词不定式短语作_____
13 引导____从句，修饰先行词___
The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)
文艺复兴时期(14－17世纪)
New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result10, painters concentrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life11. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (1401 1428). Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452 1519), Michelangelo (1475 1564), and Raphael (1483 1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations to produce some of the greatest artF12 thatF13 Europe had ever seen.
状语
宾语
状语
定语
art
新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪时期旧的思想和价值观。因此，画家们较少关注宗教主题。他们开始对生活采取一种更为人性化的态度。这一时期的一项重大突破是马萨乔(1401年－1428年)对透视法的运用。一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇(1452年－1519年)、米开朗琪罗(1475年－1564年)和拉斐尔(1483年－1520年)，在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。
14 介词短语作____
15 引导_________从句
16 引导______________从句，解释说明Rembrandt
Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism14, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While15 painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606 1669), who16 gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.
状语
让步状语
非限制性定语
另一大创新是油性颜料的使用。凭借其浓重的色彩和写实主义，一些最好的油画作品看上去与照片相似。尽管早在达·芬奇时代，一些画家就使用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗(1606年－1669年)使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他拥有“光影大师”的雅称。
17 现在分词短语作_________
18 引导______从句，修饰先行词paintings
In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology17. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that18 were beautiful and interesting to look at.
后置定语
定语
在题材方面，重心日益从宗教主题转向我们身边的人与世界。国王、贵族和地位显赫的人都想购买自己及其所爱之人的精确画像，而其他人想要的则是展示重大历史事件或神话故事的绘画。最后，大多数顾客想要的是漂亮、有趣的绘画。
19 引导_____从句
20 过去分词短语作_________
21 动词不定式短语作______
22 省略了关系代词__________的定语从句，修饰先行词impression
Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)
印象派时期(19世纪末－20世纪初)
The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid 19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what19 people and the world looked like.Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet (1840 1926) called Impression, Sunrise20. In this work, Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement21 in the scene—the subjective impression the scene gave him22 —but not a detailed record of the scene itself.
宾语
后置定语
表语
that/which
在19世纪中叶摄影术发明之前，西方艺术发展缓慢。摄影术发明之后，绘画不再需要保留人与世界的模样。因此，画家必须找到一种新的方式来看待他们的艺术。于是，印象主义在法国应运而生。这项新运动的名称源自克劳德·莫奈(1840年－1926年)名为《日出·印象》的绘画作品。在这幅作品里，莫奈的目的是传递场景中的光与运动——即场景给予他的主观印象，而非对场景本身的一种具体记录。
23 引导_________从句
24 动词不定式短语作_____
While23 many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (1841 1919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black and white photographs of that time period, Renoir's paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well24.
让步状语
宾语
虽然许多印象派画家描绘的是大自然或日常生活中的场景，但是雷诺阿(1841年－1919年)等其他画家却侧重于人物。与那一时期冷色调的黑白照片不同，雷诺阿的绘画饱含光影、色彩和生活元素。他力求既展示主题人物的外在形象，又展示其内在的温暖和人性。
25 引导_____从句，修饰先行词shapes
26 引导_____从句
27 省略了to的动词不定式短语作_____
Modern Art (from the 20th century to today)
现代艺术时期(20世纪至今)
After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, “What do we do next？” Painters such as Picasso (1881 1973) tried to analyse the shapes which25 existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubism. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream like quality. Still others turned to abstract art. What26 they attempted to do was no longer show reality27, but instead to ask the question, “What is art？”
定语
主语
表语
在印象主义之后，后代的艺术家们开始发问：“接下来我们应该做什么？”毕加索(1881年－1973年)等画家试图分析自然世界中存在的形状，但是以一种新的方式——立体主义。其他画家则赋予自己的绘画一种写实却又梦幻般的品质。还有一些画家则转向抽象艺术。他们所做的尝试不再是展示现实，而是提出这一问题：“艺术是什么？”
(一)填空并连线
阅读领悟
14th
today
答案
15th
late
(二)问题链
1．What did painters mainly paint during the Middle Ages
___________________________________________________________________
2．When did the oil painting come into being
____________________________________________________________________
3．What caused the emergence of Impressionism
____________________________________________________________________
Things related to religion.
During the Renaissance.
答案
The invention of photography.
合作探究 课时重点
探究一　热词
1.reputation n. 名誉；名声(教材P2)
gain/acquire/earn/enjoy a reputation as ... 获得/赢得/享有……的声誉
damage/ruin one's reputation有损/败坏某人的声誉
have a good/bad reputation有好/坏名声
have a reputation for ... 以……著称/闻名
live up to one's reputation名副其实
①She soon acquired a reputation as a first class cook.
她不久就获得了一级厨师的名誉。
②The hotel has a bad reputation.
这家旅馆的名声不好。
③She has a reputation for being calm and cool headed.
她以沉着冷静著称。(人物描写)
④The weather in England is living up to its reputation.
英格兰的天气真是名副其实。(旅游出行)
reputation和fame都有“名声”的意思。reputation可指好名声，亦可指坏名声，强调人们心目中的印象；fame强调较高的知名度。
【学会运用】选词填空(reputation/fame)
①She went to Hollywood in search of ______ and fortune.
②The company's _________ was damaged by the scandal.
【学会表达】　完成句子
③那位选手在比赛时作弊了，这有损他的声誉。
The player cheated during the game, __________________________．
④作为一名教师，他以耐心和负责著称。
As a teacher, he ________________________________________．
fame
reputation
which damaged his reputation
has a reputation for being patient and responsible
2.rank n. 地位；级别；行列　vt.& vi. 把……分等级；使排成行(教材P2)
in rank 排名；按等级
of high rank 高级别的；上层的
rank as ... 被列为……
rank with ... 与……并列
rank/be ranked＋序数词 排名第……
①Promotion will mean that I'm immediately above him in rank.
晋升将意味着我的级别直接高于他。
②She said that 1989 must rank as the most remarkable year for change in Europe since 1848.
她说1989年是欧洲自1848年以来变化最显著的一年。
③This must rank with (＝be as good as) one of the greatest movies ever made.
这部影片一定可以与史上最优秀的影片之一相媲美。
④Agassi was at that time ranked sixth in the world.
当时，阿加西在世界上排名第六。
【学会运用】　单句语法填空
①She was not used to mixing with people ____ high rank.
②The novel can rank _____ the best of the last ten years.
③Today's match ranks ___ one of the most exciting games that these two have ever played.
【学会表达】　完成句子
④据说他的妻子在公司的级别比他高。
____________________________________________________________________
⑤去年，他在他的年龄段中排名第二。
____________________________________________________________________
of
with
as
It’s said that his wife is above him in rank in the company.
Last year, he (was) ranked second in his age group.
3.purchase vt. 购买；采购　n. 购买；购买的东西(教材P2)
purchaser n. 购买者；采购人员；买主
purchase sth for sb 为某人购买某物
purchase sth from ... 从……购买/采购某物
purchase sth with ... 用/通过……购买某物
make a purchase 购买；采购
for the purchase of ... 用于购买……
①She has purchased a villa for her parents in Shanghai.
她在上海为她的父母购买了一幢别墅。
②The equipment can be purchased from your local supplier.
设备可以从当地供应商处购买。
③She purchased her first house with the money.
她用这笔钱买了她的第一套房子。
④She made two purchases from my stall yesterday.
她昨天从我的摊位上买了两件东西。
⑤He gave his son some money for the purchase of his school books.
他给了他儿子一些钱用于购买课本。
【学会运用】　单句语法填空
①While staying in the village, we used to purchase fresh vegetables ____ the locals.
②As there was a special promotion, my mother made a lot of ________ (purchase) on the Internet.
【学会表达】　完成句子
③你认为借助网上银行服务购物安全吗？
Do you think it is safe ________________________________________________？
④他工作了一整个夏天，是为了存钱买架钢琴。
He worked all summer ________________________________________．
from
purchases
to purchase goods with the help of online banking services
to save money for the purchase of a piano
4.emerge vi.& vt. 出现；浮现；暴露(教材P3)
emergence n. 出现；兴起
emerge from(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现，浮现，露出；(从困境中)幸存下来，摆脱出来
emerge as 以……的形式出现
It emerged that ... 结果发现……
①The emergence of small Japanese cars in the 1970s challenged the US and European manufacturers.
20世纪70年代，日本小型汽车的出现对美国和欧洲汽车制造商构成了挑战。
②The two girls suddenly emerged from among the trees, both of whom seemed to be calm and unhurt.
那两个女孩突然从树丛中冒了出来，她们看起来都很镇静也没受伤。(人物描写)
③He emerged as a key figure in the campaign.
他成为这次运动的关键人物。
④It emerged that the judge had employed an illegal immigrant.
结果发现法官雇用了一名非法移民。
【学会运用】　单句语法填空
①They slowly emerged ________ the church into the bright daylight.
②That is the __________ (emerge) of a new world order over the past decade.
③Online language learning has emerged ___ an updated learning trend for the web based learners.
④____ emerged that they didn't agree with each other.
【学会表达】　完成句子
⑤二十世纪六十年代出现了许多新兴国家。
____________________________________________________________________
from
emergence
as
It
The 1960s saw the emergence of many new nations.
5.convey vt. 表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送(教材P3)
convey ... to sb 向某人表达/传递(感情等)
convey sb/sth from A to B 把某人/某物从A地运送到B地
convey to sb that/wh 从句 向某人表达……
convey one's feeling/meaning/appreciation/affection/emotion 表达某人的感情/意思/欣赏/喜爱/情感
①The teacher used simple language to convey the complex concept to the students.
老师用简单的语言向学生们表达了这个复杂的概念。
②Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators.
管道将热水从锅炉输送到暖气片。
③He wanted to convey to me that an expensive car doesn't make me a better person or better player.
他想告诉我，一辆昂贵的汽车并不能让我成为一个更好的人或更好的运动员。
④Through his music, the artist successfully conveyed his feeling of joy and freedom.
这位艺术家通过他的音乐成功地表达了他的快乐和自由之情。
【学会运用】　单句语法填空
①Your luggage will ___________ (convey) to the hotel by taxi.
②He tried desperately to convey to her _____ urgent the situation was.
③Please convey my gratitude ___ your parents for their warm welcome and gracious hospitality.
【学会表达】　完成句子
④我真不知道如何表达我对您的感激之情。(感谢信)
I really don't know _________________________________ for your great favour.
be conveyed
how
to
how to convey my great gratitude to you
As a realist, she prefers realism in her paintings, creating realistic scenes that are true to life.
作为一名现实主义画家，她在绘画中偏爱现实主义，创造出真实的生活场景。
6．realistic adj. 现实的；逼真的→______ n. 逼真；现实主义；务实作风→_______ n. 现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者
realism
realist
7．influential adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的→_________ vt. 影响；对……起作用　n. 影响；作用；有影响的人/事物
The influential leader's speech had a profound influence on the crowd, inspiring them to take action.
这位有影响力的领导人的讲话对群众产生了深远的影响，激励他们采取行动。
influence
【学会运用】　单句语法填空
①His book has been very ___________ (influence) in shaping modern education practices.
②If you can set ________ (realism) goals, you are most likely to achieve them.
【学会表达】　完成句子
③他的第一位音乐老师是他一生中对他影响非常大的人。
His first music teacher ___________________________．
influential
realistic
was a major influence in his life
8　fond
[熟义]adj. 喜爱
[生义]adj.________________________________________________________
_____________
(只用于名词前)深情的；温情的；慈爱的；(指希望)难以实现的；痴想的
①We had grown fond of the house and didn't want to leave.
我们已经喜欢上了这座房子，不想离开。
②The fond parents watched their child perform on stage with pride in their eyes.
慈爱的父母骄傲地看着他们的孩子在舞台上表演。
③My fond hope is that we will be ready by Christmastime.
我痴想着希望我们可以在圣诞假期前准备就绪。
【学会运用】同义词替换
①I have very fond memories of my time in Spain. __________
【学会表达】　完成句子
②我们彼此深情地道别，并答应写信。
____________________________________________________________________
③我整日等待，痴心地希望她会回心转意。
___________________________________________________________________
affectionate
We said a fond farewell to each other and promised to write.
I waited all day in the fond hope that she would change her mind.
探究二　短语
9.in particular 尤其；特别(教材 P2)
particular adj. 专指的；特别的；挑剔的
particularly adv. 尤其；特别
be particular about/over ... 对……挑剔；对……讲究
be particular to ... 为……所特有
①The festival attracted many visitors, but young people in particular seemed to enjoy it the most.
这个节日吸引了很多游客，特别是年轻人似乎最喜欢它。
②I often do absent minded things, particularly when I'm worried.
我经常做一些心不在焉的事情，尤其是当我担心的时候。
③He is very particular about the kitchen—everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.
他对厨房很挑剔——每样东西都必须干净整齐。(人物描写)
【学会运用】　单句语法填空
①Don't be too particular ________ what you eat and wear; pay more attention to your study and work.
②More local employment will be created, ___________ (particular) in service industries.
③The whole meal was good but the wine ___ particular was excellent.
【学会表达】　完成句子
④众所周知，熊猫是中国所特有的。
____________________________________________________________________
about/over
particularly
in
As is known to all, pandas are particular to China.
10.set apart from 使与众不同；使突出；使优于……(教材P2)
set其他相关短语：
set aside 留出(钱或时间)；把……放到一旁
set down 让(某人)下车；写下，记下
set off 出发，动身；引发；使(炸弹等)爆炸
set out (＋for＋地点)动身，启程(去……)；(＋to do sth) 开始着手做某事
set about (doing) sth 开始/着手(做)某事
set up 建起，设立；建立，开办，创建；竖起；安装好
①Her clear and elegant writing sets her apart from other journalists.
她清晰优雅的文笔使她在其他记者中脱颖而出。
②Doctors advise setting aside a certain hour each day for worry.
医生建议每天留出一点时间来解决烦心事。(建议信)
③He was the one who first set down the stories of the Celtic storytellers.
他是首位将凯尔特说书人讲的故事记载下来的人。
④Kate set out for the house on the other side of the bay.
凯特动身前往海湾另一边的房子。
【学会运用】　单句语法填空
①Dust, air pollution or smoke can set _____ an asthma attack.
②We'd better set ______ these paper cups for the next party.
【学会表达】　完成句子
③他的独特才能使他在团队中脱颖而出。
___________________________________________________________________
off
aside
His unique talent sets him apart from the rest of the group.
探究三　长难句分析
11.He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.(教材P3)
他力求既展示主题人物的外在形象，又展现其内在的温暖和人性。2
【分析】　not just ... but ... 意为“不仅……而且……”，连接两个并列成分。
当连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则
类似用法的还有：not only ... but (also) ... (不仅……而且……)，either ... or ... (不是……就是……), neither ... nor ... (既不……也不……)，not ... but ... (不是……而是……)，there be句型
①He believes a good trainer can also serve as a role model—not just during classes, but in daily life.
他认为，一个好的教练也可以成为一个榜样——不仅在课堂上，而且在日常生活中。
②Dear stranger, thank you for the random act of kindness that not only helped my mother out, but made her day too.
亲爱的陌生人，谢谢你这随意的善举，不仅帮助了我妈妈，还让她过得很开心。
③We can either eat now or after the show—it's up to you.
我们可以现在吃，也可以等演出结束后再吃——由你决定。
④There are neither good nor bad professions, only suitable or unsuitable ones.
职业没有好坏之分，只有适合与不适合之分。
【学会运用】　单句语法填空
①Either you or your father __________ (require) to answer the letter.
②He not only read the book, _____ also remembered what he had read.
③He had neither the time ____ the inclination to think of other things.
【学会表达】　完成句子
④自从地震发生以来，这名医生和她的同事们夜以继日地抢救伤员。(自然灾害)
Since the earthquake occurred, not just the doctor ___________________________
__________ saving the injured round the clock.
is required
but
nor
but her workmates have been engaged in
对点练习 巩固所学
维度一　高频词汇
(一)写出下列单词和短语的英文
1．________ vt. 购买；采购　n. 购买；购买的东西
2．________ n. 人性；人道；(统称)人类
3．______ n. 贵族成员；出身高贵的人　adj. 崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的
4．___________ n. 照相术；摄影
5．________ vi.& vt. 出现；浮现；暴露
purchase
humanity
noble
photography
emerge
6．_____________ 使与众不同；使突出；使优于……
7．__________ 喜爱；喜欢
8．________________ 尝试做某事
9．___________ 尤其；特别
10．_____________ 集中于
set apart from
be fond of
attempt to do sth
in particular
concentrate on
(二)写出下列句子中加黑部分的汉语释义
1．Researchers reported another important breakthrough in cancer research.________________
2．His reputation was destroyed when he was caught stealing some money.__________
3．Primitive humans needed to be able to react like this to escape from dangerous animals. ________________
4．He was one of the most influential performers of modern jazz. ______________
5．I've always been fond of poetry and one piece has always stuck in my mind.______
重大进展；突破
名誉;名声
原始的；远古的
有很大影响力的
喜爱
维度二　语境运用
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．The __________ (emerge) and spread of new diseases is one example that needs to be taken seriously.
2．The problem is due to discipline, or, more _________ (precise), the lack of discipline, in schools.
3．There are limited diseases that can be cured but the __________ (humanity) care we could provide is unlimited.
4．In his ___________ (subsequently) speech, he referred to the matter again.
5．It is not ________ (realism) to expect people to spend so much money in the hard times.
emergence
precisely
humanistic
subsequent
realistic
(四)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的加黑部分
reputation, purchase, precise, noble, convey
1．A house is the most expensive buy that most people ever made.________
2．He was an upright and great man who was always willing to help in any way he could.______
3．We will express this kindness to the people in China when we return.________
4．This is an opportunity to enhance the fame of the company.__________
5．Can you give a more accurate definition of the word？________
purchase
noble
convey
reputation
precise
维度三　能力提升
(五)长难句分析
　(2023·浙江高考1月)I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me.
句意：五年前，当我开始转向零浪费的生活方式时，经历了这一点，当时我和父母住在一起，我和我的丈夫也继续经历这一点，因为他不像我那样完全零浪费。
分析：句子主干是I experienced this and I continue to experience this，并列连词and连接两个“主谓宾”结构。when引导__________从句，第一个as引导________从句；第二个as引导__________从句。
时间状语
时间状语
原因状语
(六)句型转换
1．The farm work over, while I was tired out, I felt happy because I realized the value of labour. (用although/though改写)
→The farm work over, __________________________， I felt happy because I realized the value of labour.
2．The rate of traffic conflicts and accidents is on the rise with the emergence of cars.(用as从句改写)
→The rate of traffic conflicts and accidents is on the rise ____________________
___________．
although/though I was tired out
as more and more
cars emerge
维度四　素养提升
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1. His use of language _________________ (使他优于) other modern writers.
2．I would appreciate it if you could introduce your school, after class activities ___________(尤其)．
3．He didn't like doing sports but __________ (喜欢) eating snacks.
sets him apart from
in particular
was fond of
(八)翻译
1．对他来说，最重要的是保持健康和快乐。(动词不定式短语作表语)
___________________________________________________________________
2．他不仅通过了考试，还获得了全班最高分。(not only ... but ... )
___________________________________________________________________
The most important thing for him is to stay healthy and happy.
He not only passed the exam, but got the highest score in the class.
课后课时作业（一）
温馨提示：丰富的语料是写作的源泉，与其单独背那些枯燥的热词佳句，不如在阅读语境中轻松记忆语篇题中的黑体(除标题和设题外)语句，日积月累，悄然完成迁移，提升写作。
较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·福建省福州市高二下月考)A self taught painter in Chongqing, who spent four years creating 100 illustrations of 100 cities in China, has attracted a lot of attention online.
Pu Zhen, who was born in Chongqing in 1993, __1__ in animation design at college. He started teaching himself painting nine years ago. “The most difficult part is to __2__ my own painting style through __3__ practice，” he said.
In 2018, __4__ by an old notebook he had filled with the names of Chinese cities, he __5__ the idea of doing a unique illustration for each. “I just __6__ my inspiration in creating the city series. Each illustration __7__ a city's typical features，” he said.
The creative __8__ of the main elements of each city are __9__. Some are mountains, rivers, and iconic (标志性的) buildings, and some are cultural legends. However, they all have the moon as a common image.
“The biggest __10__ is myself，” said Pu, adding that during the time consuming __11__， he had to overcome loneliness and inner conflicts. “But I do feel __12__ that my works are acknowledged by many fans online. Traditional Chinese city __13__ are always worth passing on.”
Not only are Pu's paintings well __14__ online, but the netizens are eager to appreciate more. __15__， everyone wants to see their hometowns painted by Pu Zhen. In the future, Pu plans to travel around the country and create illustrations for more cities.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。重庆一位90后画师用4年的时间给100个中国城市绘制画像，一城一景，描绘了月光之下美轮美奂的中国城市景象。
篇章导读
1．A.applied B．majored
C．worked D．researched
解析： apply 应用；major 主修；work 工作；research 研究。根据后文的“animation design at college”可知，朴缜在大学所学的专业是动画设计。major in表示“主修”。故选B。
答案
解析
2．A.figure out B．go over
C．make up D．turn down
解析： figure out 想出；弄清楚；go over 越过；复习；make up 组成；turn down 调低；拒绝。根据前文的“The most difficult”和后文的“my own painting style”可知，朴缜认为弄清楚自己的绘画风格是最困难的部分。故选A。
3．A.casual B．constant
C．formal D．random
解析： casual 随意的；constant 不断的；formal 正式的；random 随机的。根据前文的“The most difficult part is to __2__ my own painting style through”和后文的“practice”可知，要想弄清楚自己的绘画风格，需要在不断实践中探索。故选B。
答案
解析
4．A.moved B．encouraged
C．taught D．inspired
解析： move 移动；encourage 鼓励；teach 教授；inspire 赋予灵感；启发。根据后文的“by an old notebook ... illustration for each”和“my inspiration in creating the city series”可知，一本写满中国城市名字的旧笔记本赋予了他灵感，他有了为每个城市做一个独特的插图的想法。故选D。
5．A.put up with B．came up with
C．took care of D．made use of
解析：put up with 忍受；come up with 想出；提出；take care of 照顾；make use of 利用。根据后文的“the idea of doing a unique illustration for each”并结合前文的“creating 100 illustrations of 100 cities in China”可知，他有了为每个城市做一个独特的插图的想法。故选B。
答案
解析
6．A.invented B．followed
C．imagined D．discovered
解析： invent 发明；follow 跟随；imagine 想象；discover 发现。根据后文的“my inspiration in creating the city series”可知，朴缜跟随自己的灵感创作了这个城市系列。follow one's inspiration为固定短语，意为“追随某人的灵感”。故选B。
答案
解析
7．A.determines B．suggests
C．reflects D．impresses
解析： determine 决定；suggest 建议；reflect 反映；反射；impress 给人留下深刻印象。根据后文的“a city's typical features”可知，插图反映了一个城市的典型特征。故选C。
答案
解析
8．A.sources B．stories
C．messages D．materials
解析： source 来源；story 故事；message 消息；material 材料。根据后文的“of the main elements of each city”和“Some are mountains, rivers, and iconic (标志性的) buildings, and some are cultural legends.”可知，不同城市的创意来源是不同的。故选A。
答案
解析
9．A.stable B．similar
C．obvious D．different
解析： stable 稳定的；similar 相似的；obvious 明显的；different 不同的。根据“The creative ... cultural legends.”可知，不同的城市的创意来源是不同的。故选D。
答案
解析
10．A.challenge B．honor
C．improvement D．victory
解析： challenge 挑战；honor 荣誉；improvement 改进；victory 胜利。根据后文的“adding that during the time consuming __11__， he had to overcome loneliness and inner conflicts”可知，他必须克服孤独和内心冲突，所以最大的挑战是他自己。故选A。
答案
解析
11．A.course B．process
C．moment D．stage
解析：根据前文的“during the time consuming”并结合常识可知，绘制100幅图是一个很费时的过程。故选B。
答案
解析
12．A.surprised B．confused
C．delighted D．touched
解析：surprised 吃惊的；confused 困惑的；delighted 高兴的；touched 感动的。根据后文的“that my works are acknowledged by many fans online”可知，朴缜的作品在网上得到了许多粉丝的认可，所以他很高兴。故选C。
答案
解析
13．A.cultures B．policies
C．systems D．values
解析：culture 文化；policy 政策；system 系统；value 价值。根据前文的“Some are mountains, rivers, and iconic (标志性的) buildings, and some are cultural legends.”可知，朴缜的画传递的是中国城市的传统文化元素。故选A。
答案
解析
14．A.judged B．studied
C．attended D．received
解析：judge 判断；study 研究；attend 参加；receive 受到(某种待遇或伤害）；对……作出反应。根据前文的“my works are acknowledged by many fans online”和“Not only are Pu's paintings well”可知，朴缜的作品在网上受到好评。be well received意为“受到好评”。故选D。
答案
解析
15．A.Undoubtedly B．Eventually
C．Hopefully D．Generally
解析： undoubtedly 毫无疑问；eventually 最终；hopefully 有希望地；generally 通常。根据前文的“Not only are Pu's paintings well __14__ online, but the netizens are eager to appreciate more.”可知，朴缜的画不仅在网上广受欢迎，而且网民们也渴望欣赏更多，此处是指毫无疑问，每个人都想看到朴缜描绘自己的家乡。故选A。
答案
解析
Ⅱ　阅读
(2024·广东省湛江市第二十一中学高二下月考)Born in the Netherlands in 1853, Van Gogh led a simple life in a small town until the age of 16. He then left school and joined a firm of art dealers in the large city of The Hague. He eventually realised that dealing with others' artwork was not his profession. His true love was to become an artist himself.
He devoted much of his time to learning the fundamentals of drawing. Van Gogh believed that to become a great painter, one must first master the ability to draw. It was only after he was comfortable in this area that he began to use oil paints. That is when he developed a style and talent for colour that made him one of the most respected artists of all time.
Van Gogh's paintings are amazing representations of his view of the world. The colours jump off the canvas (画布), not only because of their brightness but also because of the brush strokes (笔触). Van Gogh avoided light, feathery strokes, which would portray (描写) typical subjects. Instead, he used his brush and oils to make layers that built the painting until it was almost three dimensional.
Perhaps one of the most memorable examples of Van Gogh's use of colour and brush style is his painting The Starry Night. The sky swirls (打旋) across the canvas, while the stars shine with unearthly brightness. Each brushstroke creates the image of movement. The Starry Night shows Van Gogh's great ability to create a powerful image with simple subjects.
Van Gogh spent only the last ten years of his life painting. He is believed to have sold only one of the 900 paintings he created during those years. Yet today Van Gogh is considered one of the greatest artists of all time. His influence is evident; many painters mimic his style and use of colour. His artwork can be found in museums all over the world and is valued in millions of dollars, an evidence for Vincent Van Gogh's talent.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Van Gogh (凡·高)在色彩和事物的形态塑造方面独具一格，并以其代表作《星夜》为例进行了具体说明。
篇章导读
1．According to the text, Van Gogh learnt how to paint by ________．
A．acquiring basic drawing techniques
B．closely observing the world around him
C．carefully studying the works of great artists
D．reading many books about art
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Van Gogh believed that ... use oil paints.”可知，Van Gogh认为要成为伟大的画家，必须要先掌握基础的绘画技巧。故选A。
答案
解析
2．Which of the following does the author seem to admire most about Van Gogh's paintings
A．The images. B．The mood.
C．The themes. D．The brushwork.
解析：细节理解题。 根据第三段中的“Van Gogh's paintings ... the brush strokes (笔触)．”可知，Van Gogh成为一位受人尊敬的画家的主要原因是他对色彩的把握有自己的风格和天赋。由此可知，作者最欣赏Van Gogh画作的笔触。故选D。
答案
解析
3．Why does the author refer to The Starry Night
A．To praise Van Gogh's ability.
B．To prove Van Gogh's respect for nature.
C．To show Van Gogh's style of painting.
D．To indicate Van Gogh's feelings about his art.
解析：推理判断题。 根据第四段中的“Perhaps one of the most memorable examples ... the image of movement.”可推知，作者提到《星夜》这幅画是为了展示Van Gogh的绘画风格。故选C。
答案
解析
4．What does the underlined word “mimic” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Tolerate. B．Judge.
C．Copy. D．Notice.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Yet today Van Gogh is considered ... His influence is evident (然而，今天的凡·高被认为是有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。他的影响是显而易见的)”以及下文“his style and use of colour (他的风格和色彩的应用)”可知，Van Gogh的作品影响深远，许多人都在模仿他的画风。画线词意为“模仿，效法”。故选C。
答案
解析
Ⅲ　语法填空
(2024·河北省唐山市高二上期末)Healthy eating is something __1__ everyone knows they should do, but few of us do it as __2__ (regular) as we would like. The purpose of this guide is __3__ (share) practical strategies on how to eat healthy.
If you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts and sweet drinks, because sugar is more a killer __4__ fatty food. Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which __5__ (be) full of vitamins and fibre, rather than __6__ (process) foods. In addition, it is also important to include some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide necessary protein for strong __7__ (bone) and muscle growth. As with everything in life, moderation is crucial. The ideal diet is a balanced one, without too much __8__ too little of any one thing. Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly, __9__ (allow) your body to digest your food better.
Healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude towards food. It is up to you to decide __10__ you want to live, and to make right decisions about your diet.
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　
6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健康饮食的一些实用策略。
篇章导读
1．答案： that
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词something，从句中缺宾语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。
答案
解析
2．答案： regularly
解析：考查词性转换。设空处应用副词修饰动词do。故填regularly。
3．答案： to share
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：本指南旨在分享关于如何健康饮食的实用策略。设空处应用动词不定式作表语，解释主语的具体内容。故填to share。
答案
解析
4．答案： than
解析：考查介词。根据设空前的more可知，此处应用介词than。故填than。
5．答案： are
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。which引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词fruit and vegetables；设空处描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，which指代先行词，在从句中作主语，表示复数，be动词应用are。故填are。
答案
解析
6．答案： processed
解析：考查非谓语动词。process与其修饰词foods之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填processed。
7．答案： bones
解析：考查名词。bone意为“骨骼”，为可数名词，此处应用复数，表示泛指。故填bones。
答案
解析
8．答案： or
解析：考查连词。此处指理想饮食是均衡的，没有太多或太少某种东西，设空处应用选择性并列连词or表示“或者”。故填or。
9．答案： allowing
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用现在分词作结果状语。故填allowing。
答案
解析
10．答案： how
解析：考查宾语从句的连接词。设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语，表示“如何”，应用how引导。故填how。
(2024·广东省华侨中学高二下月考)If you are crazy about paintings, you shouldn't miss the following four famous masterpieces which have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document in fifteenth century society, through Van Eyck's heavy use of symbolism—while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.
精深阅读
The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas, a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12 month stay at the mental hospital near Saint Rémy de Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Van Gogh's most famous works.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica, a large black and white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofaí in Madrid.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四幅名画，它们都经受住了时间的考验。
篇章导读
1．Which of the following paintings was produced earliest
A．The Arnolfini Portrait.
B．The Starry Night.
C．The Harvesters.
D．Guernica.
解析：细节理解题。根据The Arnolfini Portrait部分中的“... produced in 1434”，The Starry Night部分中的“... France between 1889 and 1890”，The Harvesters部分中的“... in 1565”和Guernica部分中的“... Pablo Picasso in 1937”可知，The Arnolfini Portrait是最早创作的画。故选A。
答案
解析
2．What do we know about the painting The Starry Night
A．It was painted on wood in oil.
B．It wasn't widely recognized before 1940s.
C．It described the painter's life in hospital.
D．It was given away to the museum by a private collector.
解析：细节理解题。根据The Starry Night部分中的“When the Museum ... famous works.”可知，The Starry Night在1940年之前并不出名。故选B。
答案
解析
3．Who created the painting representing the massive catastrophe the Nazism brought to people
A．Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B．Vincent van Gogh.
C．Jan van Eyck.
D．Pablo Picasso.
解析：细节理解题。根据Guernica部分中的“Guernica, a large black and white oil painting ... the tragedies of war.”可知，Pablo Picasso创作了这幅表现纳粹主义给人类带来巨大灾难的画作。故选D。
答案
解析
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．__________ n. 杰作；代表作
2． __________ adj. 提供有用信息的；给予知识的
3．symbolism n. __________
4．abstract adj. ________
5．private adj. ________________
masterpiece
informative
象征主义
抽象的
私人的；私有的
(二)高频短语
6．be crazy about _______
7． _________ 参与；参加，从事于
8． _______ 提到；查阅
9．as a result _____
10． __________ 被安置于……
痴迷于
engage in
refer to
因此
be housed at
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．The temperature is expected to rise __________ (moderate) over the next few days.
2．Her __________ (express) eyes told me everything she wanted to say.
3．The artist's paintings are _______ (visual) stunning, capturing the beauty of nature.
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
4．The gallery is exhibiting some of the artist's earliest painting works. ______
5．This painting is a reminder of the good times we had during our college years. ________________
6．The government has introduced new policies to encourage domestic manufacturing. _______
moderately
expressive
visually
作品
引起回忆的事物
国内的
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1．Inside, 20 km of galleries collect thousands of works of art. ______
2．The museum is known for its exquisite Russian oil paintings. ______
3．The auction house is selling an oil painting painted by a famous Impressionist artist. ________
house
famed
produce， house， fame
produced
(六)长难句分析
If you are crazy about paintings, you shouldn't miss the following four famous masterpieces which have stood the test of time.
句意：如果你痴迷于绘画，那就一定不能错过以下四幅经得起时间考验的杰作。
分析：主干是_______________________________；If引导_________从句；which引导_____从句，修饰先行词______________________。
you shouldn’t miss the masterpieces
条件状语
four famous masterpieces
定语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．My friend ____________ (痴迷于) photography and takes pictures of everything she sees.
2．Nowadays, office workers rarely ________ (参加) regular exercise.
(八)仿写句子
The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. (定语从句)
仿写：你有什么想为自己说的吗？
__________________________________________________________________
is crazy about
engage in
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself
课后课时作业（二）
较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比40%)　拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B 难度 ★ ★★ ★★★
Ⅰ　阅读
A
(2024·全国甲卷)Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages.
Light Awash in Watercolor
Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 1880-1990：Into the Light.
Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity
From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials.
Wheel Throwing
Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!
Knitting and Pom Pom Making
Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织)．
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了ARTS FIRST艺术节的相关艺术展览和艺术制作活动。
篇章导读
1．What do we know about ARTS FIRST
A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings.
B．It offers art courses for all ages.
C．It presents recreational activities.
D．It is a major tourist attraction.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We look forward to ... art exhibitions and art－making activities.”可知，ARTS FIRST艺术节将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力。由此可知，ARTS FIRST艺术节提供娱乐活动。故选C。
答案
解析
2．Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures
A．Light Awash in Watercolor.
B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.
C．Wheel Throwing.
D．Knitting and Pom Pom Making.
解析：细节理解题。根据Light Awash in Watercolor部分中的“Learn about ... of watercolor paint”和“Try your hand ... used by artists”可知，在Light Awash in Watercolor项目中可以了解水彩颜料的原料和特点，还可以尝试艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。因此如果你对绘画感兴趣，可以参加该项目。故选A。
答案
解析
3．What can you do together with Javier Marin
A．Practice a traditional dance.
B．Make handcrafts.
C．Visit a local museum.
D．Feed invertebrates.
解析：细节理解题。根据Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity部分中的“Join Javier Marin ... out of craft (手工艺) materials.”可知，人们可以和Javier Marin (哈维尔·马林)一起用手工艺材料制作自己的“无脊椎艺术家”，即一起进行手工制作。故选B。
答案
解析
B
(2024·云南师范大学附属中学高二下月考)What is art That's an easy question to answer. Art is a painting, a drawing or a sculpture. Now there are new items to add to the list. Art is a dead shark in a glass case. Artisan unmade bed. Art is a video of a group of people standing completely still for sixty minutes.
A new group of young artists began to produce work to challenge the accepted idea of what art is and the role the artist should play in society. This group came to be known as the YBAs—the Young British Artists. The art of the YBAs does not just stick to painting and sculpture. It uses all kinds of different materials to express the feeling of the artist.
Damien Hirst is the most famous of the YBAs. The Shark in the Box is his work and is meant to express his own fear of dying. The shark stands for death. Right now, it is harmless. But eventually it will come for you. There is nothing to be done about it.
Traditionally, artists have a message. They use their skills to lead us to enlightenment (启迪). The message of the YBAs is that they cannot do this. They are just as mixed up and confused as everybody else. A journalist once asked Damien Hirst what his next idea was for an artwork. “I don't know what I'm going to do next. I never know what I'm going to do next，” he replied.
Another YBA, Tracy Emin recently produced a work called Bed. This is just her own bed with the sheets disarranged and dirty. And the message “Look at me—I’m a mess.”
Some artists work with citizens in producing their work. Gillian Wearing filmed a group of people dressed as policemen trying to keep still for 60 minutes while standing on top of a table. At the end of that time, the table falls apart and everyone falls to the floor. You can try to be a good citizen and a respectable member of the community. But don't try too hard or the pressure will be too much.
Art mirrors the sale of society. In the work of the YBAs we can see a society on the threshold (开端) of the future—a bit worried, a bit excited and wondering what is going to happen next. The YBAs can't guide us, but they can make the journey more interesting.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一群英国青年艺术家(YBAs)以及他们的作品形式。
篇章导读
4．What's the author's purpose in writing Paragraph 1
A．To provide background information.
B．To start a topic for the readers.
C．To present the main idea of the text.
D．To introduce the key characters in the text.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段内容可推知，第一段的目的是引出艺术家的定义这一话题。故选B。
答案
解析
5．What's the aim of YBAs
A．To challenge the society.
B．To change the whole world.
C．To challenge the fixed idea about the art.
D．To change the materials of the painting.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A new group ... the Young British Artists.”可知，YBAs的目的是挑战关于艺术的固有观念。故选C。
答案
解析
6．What does Tracy Emin want to convey in her work Bed
A．She is as messy as her bed.
B．She is going to tidy her bed.
C．She is willing to arrange her bed.
D．She is lonely and annoyed.
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段(另一位YBA艺术家Tracy Emin(特蕾西·埃明)最近创作了一部名为《床》的作品。这只是她自己的床，床单乱糟糟的，脏兮兮的。信息是什么？“看看我，我一团糟。”)可推知，Tracy Emin想在她的作品《床》中传达她像床一样乱。故选A。
答案
解析
7．Which is the best title of the passage
A．What Is Art
B．Art Mirrors the State of Society
C．New Art Forms Appear
D．A Special Art Team—YBAs
解析：标题判断题。文章主要介绍了一群英国青年艺术家(YBAs)以及他们的作品形式，D项(一个特殊的艺术团队——YBAs)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
答案
解析
Ⅱ　读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·河北省部分地区高二上期末)When I was in high school, my art teacher asked me to participate in a regional painting competition. I hesitated at first. Although I loved art, I had always painted for myself, not for contests or recognition. My family, who had moved from Mexico, encouraged me to express our culture through my art, but I was unsure about exposing my work to the public. Painting was a personal journey for me, a way to connect with my roots and express my emotions.
But my teacher saw something in my paintings that I hadn't. She said, “Your work tells a story, a vibrant narrative of your heritage and dreams. You should share it with the world.” Motivated by her confidence in me, I decided to take the leap.
I chose the theme of “Migration” for my painting. It was a tribute to my family's journey from Mexico to the United States, a blend of colors and emotions depicting both the struggles and hopes of moving to a new land. I poured my heart into that canvas, each stroke representing a piece of my story.
As I worked, I found myself lost in the memories and experiences of my family. The more I painted, the more I understood the sacrifices they had made for me. My doubts turned into determination. I wanted this painting not just to be seen but to be felt. I stayed up late for several nights, perfecting every detail, ensuring that every color and every line conveyed the emotions I felt so deeply.
When I finally finished, I was no longer concerned about winning. The painting was a part of me, a representation of my family's journey and my growth as an artist.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
The day of the competition arrived, and my heart was racing as I displayed my painting among the others.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
After the competition, I walked up to my art teacher, filled with a mix of gratitude and pride. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的老师很欣赏作者，建议作者参加地区绘画比赛，作者一开始有些犹豫，后来在老师的鼓励下决定参赛。比赛那天，作者的表现如何？比赛结束后，老师会对作者说些什么？
写前导读
[精彩范文]
The day of the competition arrived, and my heart was racing as I displayed my painting among the others. I felt a mix of excitement and nervousness as I saw the diverse and impressive artworks surrounding mine. Each piece told a unique story, but I knew that my painting held a special place in my heart, embodying not only my artistic expression but also my family's journey and cultural heritage. As the judges began to evaluate the paintings, I closed my eyes and whispered a silent prayer, hoping that my message would resonate with those who viewed it. Finally, the head judge announced that I won!
答案
After the competition, I walked up to my art teacher, filled with a mix of gratitude and pride. She smiled warmly at me and said, “Congratulations! You've captured the essence of ‘Migration’ beautifully.” Her words filled me with a sense of validation and accomplishment. I knew that I had succeeded in sharing a piece of myself with the world. The journey of creating and exhibiting my painting had not only honed my artistic skills but had also deepened my connection to my roots. As I thanked my teacher for her guidance and support, I realized that taking that leap of faith had led me to a new level of artistic fulfillment and self discovery.
答案
精深阅读
(2024·陕西省咸阳市实验中学高二下月考)The term “Hudson River school” was applied to the foremost representatives of nineteenth century North American landscape painting. Apparently unknown during the golden days of the American landscape movement, which began around 1850s and lasted until the late 1860s, the Hudson River school seems to have emerged in the 1870s as a direct result of the struggle between the old and the new generations of artists each to assert its own style as the representative American art. The older painters, most of whom were born before 1835, practiced in a mode often self taught and monopolized by landscape subject matter and were securely established in and fostered by the reigning American art organization, the National Academy of Design.
The younger painters returning home from training in Europe worked more with figural subject matter and in a bold and impressionistic technique; their prospects for patronage in their own country were uncertain, and they sought to attract it by attaining academic recognition in New York. One of the results of the conflict between the two factions was that what in previous years had been referred to as the American, native, or, occasionally New York school—the most representative school of American art in any genre—had by 1890s become firmly established in the minds of critics and the public alike as the Hudson River school.
The sobriquet was first applied around 1879. While it was not intended as flattering, it was hardly inappropriate. The Academicians at whom it was aimed had worked and socialized in New York, the Hudson's port city, and had painted the river and its shores with varying frequency. Most important, perhaps, was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity a manner of technique and composition consistent with those of America's first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.
A possible implication in the term applied to the group of landscapists was that many of them had, like Cole, lived on or near the banks of the Hudson. Further, the river had long served as the principal route to other sketching grounds favored by the Academicians, particularly the Adirondacks and the mountains of Vermont and New Hampshire different ways.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了19世纪北美风景画最重要的代表——“哈德逊河画派”。
篇章导读
1．According to the passage, what was the function of the National Academy of Design for the painters born before 1835
A．It mediated conflicts between artists.
B．It supervised the incorporation of new artistic techniques.
C．It supported their growth and development.
D．It determined which subjects were appropriate.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The older painters ... the National Academy of Design.(这些年长的画家大多出生于1835年之前，他们的创作模式往往是自学成才，以风景题材为主，并在美国主流艺术组织——国家设计学院中稳定地立足和发展。)”可知，国家设计学院支持1835年之前出生的画家的成长和发展。故选C。
答案
解析
2．Where did the younger generation of painters receive the artistic training
A．In New Hampshire. B．In the Adirondacks.
C．In Vermon. D．In Europe.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The younger painters ... worked more with figural subject matter (从欧洲学成归国的年轻画家们更多地使用人物题材)”可知，年轻一代的画家是在欧洲接受艺术训练的。故选D。
答案
解析
3．The underlined word “factions” is closest in meaning to “________”．
A．people B．sides
C．cities D．images
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“the most representative school ... the Hudson River school (作为美国艺术流派中最具代表性的流派，到19世纪90年代，哈德逊河画派已经在评论界和公众心目中确立了牢固的地位)”可知，美国艺术中最具代表性的流派已经牢固确立了地位，由此可推知，画线词意为“流派，学派，帮派”，与side意思最相近。故选B。
答案
解析
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Hudson River School
B．The Nature's Nation
C．Early Painters and Their Drawings
D．North American Landscape Painting
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了19世纪北美风景画最重要的代表——“哈德逊河画派”。A项(哈德逊河画派)最适合作为文章标题。故选A。
答案
解析
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．foster v. ____________
2．prospect n. ____________
3．technique n. ___________
4． ____________ adj. 不恰当的；不合适的
5．frequency n. ______
促进；培养
前景；前途
技巧；技艺
inappropriate
频率
(二)高频短语
6．_______ 应用于
7．in the mind of ______________
8．consistent with ____________
9． ________ 用作；充当
10． ___________ 受到……的青睐
apply to
在……的脑海中
与……一致
serve as
be favored by
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．The club's aim is _______ (foster) better relations within the community.
2．I thought she had retired, but __________ (apparent) she hasn't.
3．His work has received popular ____________(recognize)．
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
4．The two paintings are strikingly alike in style and technique.________
5．Weihe River is the biggest river and principal surface water source in Guanzhong Basin. _______
6．The child sketched a cartoon character with a few simple lines. __________
to foster
apparently
recognition
相似的
主要的
素描；速写
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1．It is unclear what his role in the company will be in the future._________
2．The visitors admired his paintings, but especially the portrait of his daughter.___________
3．The teacher tried to inspire her students to pursue their dreams through hard work. _______
uncertain
particularly
sought
(六)长难句分析
Most important, perhaps, was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity a manner of technique and composition consistent with those of America's first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.
句意：也许最重要的是，一定程度上他们都忠实地保持了与美国第一位受欢迎的风景画家托马斯·科尔一致的技巧和构图方式，他以绘制哈德逊河沿岸的卡茨基尔山风景为职业。
分析：主干是____________________；that引导______从句；who引导____________从句，解释说明Thomas Cole。
Most important was ...
表语
非限制性定语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．The knowledge learned in class should _____________(被应用于) real world situations.
2．Several painters were working on a huge piece of canvas (帆布) which would ________(用作) the scenery.
be applied to
serve as
(八)仿写句子
While it was not intended as flattering, it was hardly inappropriate. (while引导让步状语从句)
仿写：虽然到目前为止都是好消息，但是可能过几天就有坏消息了。
________________________________________________________________
While the news, so far, has been good, there may be days ahead when it is bad.

展开更多......

收起↑