资源简介 英语 选择性必修 第三册[RJ]Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义1．tobacco n. 烟草；烟叶2．alcohol n. 酒；酒精3．physical adj. 身体的；客观存在的；物理学的4．escalator n. 自动扶梯；滚梯5．pill n. 药丸；药片二、核心单词：写出英文单词1．abuse n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂2．cue n. 提示；暗示；信号 vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示)3．reward n. 回报；奖励；报酬 vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬4．rely vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖5．facilitate vt. 促进；促使；使便利6．examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验7．delete v. 删去；删除三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)1．dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有优势→domination n. 控制；统治→dominant adj. 首要的；显著的；占优势的2．repeatedly adv. 重复地→repeated adj. 重复的；反复发生的→repeat v. 重复；重说；重做→repetition n. 重复，背诵，副本3．psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理影响→psychological adj. 心理的；心理学的→psychologically adv. 心理上地；心理学地→psychologist n. 心理学家；心理学研究者4．negative adj. 消极的；有害的；否定的→negatively adv. 消极地；否定地→negativity n. 否定性；消极性5．pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的→pessimistically adv. 悲观地→pessimist n. 悲观主义者四、熟词生义：写出熟义discipline 熟义：n. 自制力；纪律生义：n. 学科 vt. 自我控制；严格要求(自己)；管教；处罚五、核心短语：写出英语表达1．in__response__to 回答；答复2．rely__on 依赖；依靠；信赖3．straight__away 立即；马上4．decide__on 决定；选定课文三维剖析HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE健康的生活方式需养成的习惯As１ teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions. However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked２， could lead to more serious ones３ when they become adults. For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which４ can lead to physical and mental health problems. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life５ is essential. They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes. １引导时间状语从句 ２条件状语从句的省略，将其补全则是if these bad habits are left unchecked ３指代前面提到的bad__habits ４引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容 ５动词不定式短语作主语在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立，并且开始自己做决定。然而，在这一时期，他们中的一部分人容易养成不良习惯。如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。防止此类有害习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。他们必须学会早早认清不良习惯并作出适当的改变。To change bad habits６ is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle７：“We are what we repeatedly do.” In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made８. We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that９ is much harder to change. The good news is that10 we can change, if11 we understand how12 habits work. 改变不良习惯从来都不是一件容易的事情，即使你三番五次地尝试。有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”从很多方面看，我们的生活方式是我们所作出的选择的总和。我们选择做某件事，接着我们反反复复地做这件事。不久之后，这项选择就变得自然而然，成为一种更加难以改变的习惯。好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是怎么运作的，我们就可以作出改变。 According to modern psychology13, we must first learn about the “habit cycle”， which14 works like this： ·Firstly, there is a “cue”， an action, event, or situation that acts as a signal to do something15. ·Secondly, there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue. ·Thirdly, there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling we get from the routine16. ６动词不定式短语作主语 ７过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a famous saying ８省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词choices ９引导定语从句，修饰先行词habit 10引导表语从句，说明news的具体内容 11引导条件状语从句 12引导宾语从句 13介词短语作状语 14引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词“habit cycle” 15动词不定式短语作后置定语 16省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词thing or feeling根据现代心理学，我们必须首先了解“习惯循环”，其工作原理如下：·第一是“触发因素”，即一个行动、事件或状况，充当要做某事的讯号。·第二是“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。·第三是“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。For example, when17 we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which18 makes us feel happy (reward). The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and19 the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed. 17引导时间状语从句 18引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明前面整个主句 19连接两个并列句例如，当我们感到不高兴时(触发因素)，我们会吃很多不健康零食(惯常行为)，这让我们感到快乐(回报)。这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食这一不良习惯。To facilitate a positive change20 in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas21. For example, we could try to replace a negative routine22 with something more positive. So, when23 we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine), which24 will make us feel relaxed (reward). Aside from changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits. For example, when25 we come to an escalator (cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but26 we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead. 20动词不定式短语作目的状语 21介词短语作方式状语 22动词不定式短语作宾语 23引导时间状语从句 24引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明前面整个主句 25引导时间状语从句 26连接两个并列句想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。为了做到这一点，我们可以把来自我们不良习惯循环的信息与我们自己的积极想法结合起来。例如，我们可以试着将一个消极的惯常行为替换为一个更积极的东西。因此，当我们再次感到不高兴时(触发因素)，我们可以听几首自己最喜爱的音乐(惯常行为)，而不是吃零食，这会使我们感到放松(回报)。除了改变不良习惯之外，我们还可以利用习惯循环来养成良好的习惯。例如，当我们走到电梯前的时候(触发因素)，我们的惯常行为是乘坐电梯，但是我们可以改为走楼梯，从而将上述惯常行为改变为一个更积极的事情。Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if27 we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up. In fact, the most successful way to change28 is not suddenly, but over a period of time. As29 the Chinese philosopher Laozi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems small, but it is essential. To reach the goal of change30, a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is not easy to break bad habits. 27引导条件状语从句 28动词不定式作后置定语 29引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容 30动词不定式短语作目的状语我们中很多人试图迅速改变不良习惯，一旦没有立刻成功，我们往往变得悲观，继而放弃。事实上，改变不良习惯的最佳方法不是一蹴而就，而是需要一段时间。正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之行，始于足下。”一步似乎很小，却至关重要。为了实现改变这一目标，一个人必须展示出一定程度的自制力，不断地迈出许多小步。毕竟，戒除不良习惯并非易事。For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits31. However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that32 will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits33! 31动词不定式短语作后置定语 32引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，that不可省略 33动词不定式短语作后置定语对年轻人来说，有大量的时间可以改变不良习惯。然而，能帮助你的“魔力丸”或删除键并不存在；你必须思考自己的不良习惯，选定一些作出改变。你有能力构建一种充满良好习惯的快乐、健康的生活！阅读领悟(一)课文大意填空(二)课文剖析选择题1．Why are the teenagers easy to form bad habits A．Because they are fond of tobacco or alcohol.B．Because they pay no attention to their health.C．Because they intend to make their parents upset.D．Because they are more independent and have their own ideas.答案：D2．Why does the author quote Aristotle's words A．To show changing bad habits is never easy.B．To imply we always repeat useless things.C．To tell us our life is only in the control of ourselves.D．To warn us to get ready for the difficulties.答案：A3．Which of the followings is considered as “reward”？A．You take a walk around the school in the morning.B．You find yourself excited after a talk with your friend.C．You decide to borrow two books from the city library.D．You're willing to volunteer in your community every weekend.答案：B4．What attitude does the author take to changing bad habits A．Objective. B．Pessimistic.C．Positive. D．Skeptical.答案：C(三)问题链1．What's the benefits of a healthy lifestyle The_benefits_of_a_healthy_lifestyle_include_improved_physical_and_mental_health, _increased__energy,__better__sleep,__and__a__lower__risk__of__chronic__diseases.2．Is it easy to get rid of bad habits？Why No,_it's_not_easy_to_get_rid_of_bad_habits_because__they__are__habitual__behaviors__that__require_conscious_effort_and_time_to_change.3．What should we do to form good habits To__form_good_habits,_we_should_set_clear_and__achievable__goals,__create__a__plan,__and__be_consistent_with_our_efforts.探究一 热词1.abuse n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂(教材P14) abuse of sth 滥用某物 be open to abuse 容易被滥用 alcohol/drug abuse 酗酒/嗜毒 abuse one's privileges/authority/power 滥用某人的特权/权力 abuse one's trust/kindness 辜负了某人的信任/好心①The politician's abuse of power led to his resignation from office.这位政治家滥用职权，导致他辞去了职务。②The government is taking action to combat drug abuse.政府正在采取措施打击滥用毒品。③She is continually abusing her authority by getting other people to do things for her.她不断地滥用自己的特权，让别人为她做事。④He felt they had abused his trust by talking about him to the press.他觉得他们对媒体谈论他的情况辜负了他对他们的信任。单句语法填空①I think the system is open to abuse.②Mr Smith was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse of power.完成句子③有些人滥用权力为自己谋利。Some people abuse__their__power to get profit for themselves.④由于酗酒，他的健康状况逐年恶化。Because__of/Due__to__alcohol__abuse,__his health is failing year by year.2.reward n. 回报；奖励；报酬 vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬(教材P14)rewarding adj. 值得的；有益的；有意义的 as a reward (for ...) 作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏 in reward for 作为报答/奖励 reward sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而奖赏某人 reward sb with sth 用某物回报/奖励某人①Textbook writing can be an intellectually and financially rewarding activity.编著课本，在知识上和经济上，是一种值得的行为。②She has been awarded scholarships worth 10，000 yuan as a reward for her good performance.她获得了价值1万元的奖学金，作为对其良好表现的奖励。③She got a lot in reward for her kindness.她的善良得到了很多回报。④He gave the children some chocolate to reward them for behaving well.他给了孩子们一些巧克力，以奖励他们表现良好。⑤She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.她开始给婴儿唱歌，婴儿则报以微笑。(人物描写)单句语法填空①Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.②For me, nursing can be a very rewarding (reward) career.③There is no doubt that they will reward you with loyalty, friendship and gratitude.完成句子④袁隆平被授予我国最高奖项，以奖励他对杂交水稻的巨大贡献。Yuan Longping was given the__highest__award__of__our__country__in__reward__for his great contribution to hybrid rice.⑤她通过考试后，得到了一辆新自行车作为奖励。She got a new bike as__a__reward__for__passing__her__exams.3.rely vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖 (教材P15)reliable adj. 可信赖的；可依靠的 rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖 rely on doing sth 依靠做某事 rely on sb/sth to do sth 信赖/依靠某人/物做某事 rely on/upon it that ... 相信/指望……①My colleague is very reliable because she always completes her tasks on time.我的同事非常可靠，因为她总是按时完成她的任务。(人物描写)②I always rely on my friends for support when I'm going through tough times.当我经历困难时期时，我总是依靠朋友的支持。③From now on, we can rely on getting outside help if things get tough.从现在起，如果情况变得艰难，我们可以依靠外部帮助。④Many working women rely on relatives to help take care of their children.许多职业女性依靠亲戚来帮助照顾她们的孩子。 rely on/upon后跟that从句时，常在从句之前加it作形式宾语，有类似用法的动词(短语)还有： love, like, appreciate, hate, depend on, see to等。单句语法填空①We had to rely on a compass and a lot of luck to get here.②The investigation will rely on getting (get) information from different resources.③In the future, I won't rely on others to__handle (handle) such conditions.完成句子④在这种困难的情况下，你可以相信我不会让你失望的。You__can__rely__on/upon__it__that I will not let you down in this difficult situation.4.examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验 vi. 进行检查(教材P15)examination n. 审查；调查；考查 examine sb/sth for sth 为某事检查某人/某物 examine sb in/on sth 在某方面考查/测验某人 examine into ... 对……进行检查/调查①The proposal requires careful examination and consideration.这项建议需要仔细审查和考虑。②The police will have to examine the weapon for fingerprints.警察必须检查武器上的指纹。③You are only being examined on this semester's work.现在只考你在本学期学的课程。单句语法填空①The issue needs further examination (examine)．②From time to time I will examine you on/in the work you have done.③Doctors also examine them for other medical conditions.完成句子④警方正在调查事故的原因，以确定责任人。The__police__are__examining__into__the__cause__of__the__accident to determine who is responsible.5．dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有优势→domination n. 控制；统治→dominant adj. 首要的；显著的；占优势的The dominant culture in the region has long dominated the social landscape, leading to the domination of its values and traditions over minority groups.该地区的主流文化长期以来一直主导着社会格局，导致其价值观和传统对少数群体的统治。6．repeatedly adv. 重复地→repeated adj. 重复的；反复发生的→repeat v. 重复；重说；重做→repetition n. 重复，背诵，副本The teacher repeatedly reminded the students to pay attention, but they continued to repeat the same mistakes, causing the teacher to feel exhausted by the constant repetition.老师反复提醒学生们注意，但他们继续重复同样的错误，导致老师因不断重复而感到疲惫。7．psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理影响→psychological adj. 心理的；心理学的→psychologically adv. 心理上地；心理学地→psychologist n. 心理学家；心理学研究者The psychologist analyzed the psychological effects of the situation, explaining how it affected people psychologically.心理学家分析了这种情况的心理影响，解释了它是如何在心理上影响人们的。单句语法填空①I repeatedly (repeat) reminded her to bring her umbrella, but she forgot again.②As a child, he was__dominated (dominate) by his father.完成句子③她一直是国际艺术界举足轻重的人物。She__is__always__a__dominant__figure in the international art world.④心理学在理解人们如何相互交往方面起着至关重要的作用。Psychology__plays__an__important__role__in__understanding how people interact with each other.8 discipline[熟义]n. 自制力；纪律 [生义]n. 学科 vt. 自我控制；严格要求(自己)；管教；处罚①I don't have enough (self－)discipline to save money.我没有足够的自制力去省钱。②There should be tougher discipline in schools.在学校，纪律应该更加严明。③We're looking for people from a wide range of disciplines.我们正在寻找各类学科的人才。④I'm trying to discipline myself to eat less chocolate.我正试图控制自己少吃巧克力。同义词替换①Your assignment will be to choose a discipline that interests you, and devise an experiment.subject翻译②这所学校因纪律严格而闻名。The__school__has__a__reputation__for__high__standards__of__discipline.③从去年开始他规定自己每周至少锻炼三次。Since_last_year,__he_has_disciplined_himself_to_exercise__at__least__three__times__a__week.探究二 短语9.in response to 回答；答复(教材P14)response n. 回答，答复；响应，反应 respond v. 回答；响应；作出回应 make a/no response to ... 对……(不)作答复 in response 作为回应 respond to ... 回应/回答……；对……作出反应①In response to the broadcast notice, a nurse came forward.听到广播通知后，一名护士走上前来。②He made no response to her angry outburst, choosing to ignore her instead.他对她的愤怒没有做出任何回应，而是选择了无视。③In response, they took action to improve the working conditions in the factory and ensure employee welfare.作为回应，他们采取行动改善了工厂的工作条件，并确保员工福利。④Egypt is among the first countries to respond to the Belt and Road Initiative.埃及是最早响应“一带一路”倡议的国家之一。(新闻报道)单句语法填空①Teamwork teaches us to be more patient and how to respond to different people.②After hearing the unexpected news, she made no response (respond) for a long time.③In response, she quickly corrected her mistake in her work.翻译④她对他的问题点了点头，表示她明白了。She__nodded__in__response__to__his__question,__indicating__that__she__understood.探究三 长难句分析10.As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions.(教材P14) 在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立，并且开始自己做决定。【分析】 as在此处为连词，意为“随着……”，引导时间状语从句。as其他相关用法 引导原因状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句及定语从句 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，意为“正如……” 作介词，意为“作为……”，常用于构成短语，如work as, serve as, describe ... as ... 等①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.随着城市的飞速发展，生活在市区的人们越来越难找到机会接近自然。②As he is a qualified doctor, I trust his advice on medical matters.因为他是一名合格的医生，所以我相信他在医疗问题上的建议。③I'll behave toward them as I would like to be treated.我希望别人怎样对待我，我就会怎样对待他们。④As you know, Julia is leaving soon.如你所知，茱莉娅很快就要离开了。⑤(2023·全国乙卷)Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery.她出生在佛罗伦萨的一个犹太人家庭，后来搬到巴黎，在那里她成为了一名医生并施行手术。 as引导让步状语从句时，只用于倒装语序结构中，强调的成分置于as前，语气强于although和though。单句语法填空①Dark as/though it was, they went out.②The book serves as a valuable resource for students studying the subject.翻译③他因为将爵士乐传到英格兰而为人们所熟知。He__is__best__remembered__as__the__man__who__brought__jazz__to__England.④我知道人们的笔迹随着年龄的增长而变化。I__know__people's__handwriting__changes__as__they__get__older.维度一 高频词汇(一)写出下列单词和短语的英文1．alcohol n. 酒；酒精2．psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理影响3．tobacco n. 烟草；烟叶4．cue n. 提示；暗示；信号5．pill n. 药丸；药片6．straight__away 立即；马上7．aside__from 除了……还8．in__response__to 回答；答复9．decide__on 决定；选定10．rely__on 依赖；依靠；信赖(二)写出下列句子中加黑部分的汉语释义1．We need to examine how an accident like this can be avoided in the future.检查2．She watched his lips carefully and took her cue from him.暗示3．We should learn to grasp communication skills for they can facilitate mutual understanding.促进4．He abused his power to help his son become qualified.滥用5．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.回报维度二 语境运用(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容1．He gave his son a model telescope to reward him for behaving well.2．The earth won't stop because of your pessimistic (pessimism) thoughts.3．Although Jack failed in this entrance examination (examine), he didn't lose heart.4．We need a reliable (rely) source of information to make an informed decision.5．She is studying psychology (psychological) at university and hopes to become a therapist.(四)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的加黑部分reward, facilitate, rely, examine, negative1．Make sure you inspect the goods before signing for them.examine2．They want less passive ways of filling their time.negative3．The use of technology improves communication between people from different countries.facilitates4．We'd like you to accept this gift in payment for your kindness.reward5．We shouldn't depend on mobile phones too much.rely维度三 能力提升(五)长难句分析(2023·全国乙卷)I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph.句意：我经常早早离开，去寻找合适的目的地，这样我就可以早些准备好，避免错过我想要拍摄的瞬间。分析：句子主干是I__often__leave__early，为“主谓宾”结构。to seek the right destinations是动词不定式短语作目的状语，so引导结果状语从句，avoid doing sth为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，I am attempting to photograph是省略了that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the__moment。(六)句型转换1．When it is seen from a distance, to tell the truth, the scenery appears more beautiful.(“连词＋分词”结构)→When__seen__from__a__distance,__to tell the truth, the scenery appears more beautiful.2．We all know that the main purpose of school education is to have students in preparation for their future.(用as改写)→As__is__known__to__all,__the main purpose of school education is to have students in preparation for their future.维度四 素养提升(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子1．He has already been sentenced to six years in jail for abuse__of__power (滥用职权)．2．After much consideration, we decided__on (决定) holding the meeting in the conference room.3．He chuckled in__response__to (作为对……的答复) her question.(八)翻译1．我们应该相信一切都会顺利的。(rely on it that ...)We__should__rely__on__it__that__everything__will__go__well.2．他因他的发现而获得一枚奖章。(reward n．)He__received__a__medal__in__reward__for__his__findings.课后课时作业(一)较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ难度 ★★ ★ ★Ⅰ 完形填空(2024·江西省吉安市多校联考高二下月考)Returning home from my university on a hot day, I longed for a cold sugary drink. I rushed to the fridge to __1__ one, sat on my sofa and __2__ playing with my mobile phone. That was where I __3__ an ad for some burgers and fries. I decided to order because I was __4__ and needed some __5__ to finish my to do list for the day.I didn't know at that point that eating this type of highly processed food would make me feel lazier, sleepier—and __6__ my whole life in a harmful way.I had moved away from home in 2021, when I was 18, to __7__ my education. It was my first time living without my family and __8__ myself independently. I was out of my comfort zone and felt __9__. There were so many things to do, so I paid little attention to my __10__ because eating highly processed food seemed the quickest and __11__ thing to do.About 4 weeks after moving away from home, I continued __12__ whatever I wanted, until one day my stomach hurt so badly that I could __13__ walk. My doctor told me it was the __14__ of all the unhealthy food I had been eating. He suggested I make an effort to eat a healthy and __15__ diet that gave me all the right nutrients.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者不注意饮食，最后导致胃疼，不得不去看医生。通过这件事，作者意识到健康饮食的重要性。1．A.buy B．grabC．fancy D．hide答案：B解析：buy 买；grab 取，拿；fancy 想要；hide 隐藏。根据前文的“I longed for a cold sugary drink”可知，作者很想喝冷饮，所以冲到冰箱前去拿。故选B。2．A.practiced B．forgotC．started D．missed答案：C解析：practice 练习；forget 忘记；start 开始；miss 错过。根据前文的“I rushed to the fridge to __1__ one, sat on my sofa”和后文的“playing with my mobile phone”可知，作者拿了冷饮后，坐在沙发上开始玩手机。故选C。3．A.saw B．wroteC．ignored D．sent答案：A解析：see 看见；write 写；ignore 忽略；send 发送。根据后文的“an ad for some burgers and fries”可知，作者看到了汉堡和薯条的广告。故选A。4．A.thirsty B．hungryC．proud D．sad答案：B解析：thirsty 口渴的；hungry 饥饿的；proud 骄傲的；sad 伤心的。根据前文的“That was ... decided to order”可知，作者看到了汉堡和薯条的广告，决定点餐，因为作者觉得自己饿了。故选B。5．A.time B．adviceC．energy D．peace答案：C解析：time 时间；advice 建议；energy 能量；peace 和平。根据前文的“I decided to order”和后文的“to finish my to do list for the day”可知，作者需要一些能量来完成当天的任务清单。故选C。6．A.share B．escapeC．waste D．affect答案：D解析：根据前文的“eating this type of highly processed food would make me feel lazier, sleepier”可知，这种高度加工的食物会让作者感觉更懒、更困，所以这种高度加工的食物以一种有害的方式影响作者的整个生活。故选D。7．A.support B．continueC．quit D．introduce答案：B解析：support 支持；continue 继续；quit 退出；introduce 介绍。根据前文的“I had moved away from home in 2021, when I was 18”和后文的“my education”可知，作者离开家是为了继续学业。故选B。8．A.competing with B．searching forC．watching over D．looking after答案：D解析：compete with 与……竞争；search for 寻找；watch over 监视；look after 照顾。根据前文的“living without my family”和后文的“myself independently”可知，作者离开家人独自生活，独自照顾自己。故选D。9．A.stressed B．excitedC．relieved D．ashamed答案：A解析：stressed 焦虑的，紧张的；excited 兴奋的；relieved 放心的；ashamed 惭愧的。根据前文的“I was out of my comfort zone”可知，作者离开了自己的舒适区，所以感到压力很大。故选A。10．A.study B．dietC．family D．weight答案：B解析：study 研究；diet 饮食；family 家庭；weight 重量。根据后文的“because eating highly processed food seemed the quickest”可知，作者很少注意自己的饮食。故选B。11．A.cheapest B．newestC．easiest D．safest答案：C解析：根据前文的“because eating highly processed food seemed the quickest and”可知，吃高度加工的食物似乎是最快和最容易的事情。故选C。12．A.finishing B．helpingC．playing D．eating答案：D解析：根据后文的“whatever I wanted, until one day my stomach hurt so badly”可知，作者没有注意饮食，继续吃想吃的东西，所以导致胃疼得厉害。故选D。13．A.barely B．immediatelyC．eventually D．patiently答案：A解析：barely 几乎不；immediately 立即；eventually 最终；patiently 耐心地。根据前文的“my stomach hurt so badly”和后文的“walk”可知，作者胃疼得厉害，几乎不能走路。故选A。14．A.experience B．reasonC．result D．chance答案：C解析：experience 经验；经历；reason 原因；result 结果；chance 机会。根据后文的“of all the unhealthy food I had been eating”可知，胃疼得厉害是因为作者一直吃不健康食物的结果。故选C。15．A.poor B．freeC．limited D．balanced答案：D解析：poor 贫穷的；差的；free 自由的；limited 有限的；balanced 平衡的。根据后文的“diet that gave me all the right nutrients”可知，能给作者营养的是健康均衡的饮食。故选D。Ⅱ 阅读(2024·宁夏回族自治区吴忠市高二下期中)We are what we eat. From high calorie meals to low fat lunches, much of our health depends on what we eat. We all know about the benefits of eating properly for our physical health, but food—and cooking it—is proving to be good for our mental well being as well.Some people are now advocating the therapy value of cooking food. It's not just about the end result but the experience we go through. Dr Mark Salter told BBC: “Baking and cooking are good therapies that help develop planning skills, short term memory and social skills—all of which suffer in mental illness.” TV chef and author Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our mind. She loves to bake and became the champion of the TV show, The Great British Bake Off. “Baking has always been about therapy. It's never really been about the__cake，” she said. And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our socialization and mental health.Certainly, creating delicious food has helped take our mind off things and given us something to do. People have said that preparing dough to make bread, for example, has given them a sense of calm and control. Research has shown that doing creative tasks, like cooking, makes us feel happier. Nicole Farmer, who studies how food impacts our biology, behaviour and mental health, told BBC online that “cooking represents the shared human experience of food, and nurturing people through food, so I think that's where it brings us an opportunity for immediate positive emotions”． Of course, cooking can be a very sociable activity and sharing the end result, a rewarding experience. Hopefully, as we start to mix with friends and family again, we can enjoy the benefits once more and put us all in the right frame of mind.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了烹饪食物对我们的精神健康有好处。1．What does Dr Mark Salter talk about A．The therapy value of cooking.B．The enjoyment of cooking.C．The types of mental disease.D．The physical benefits of food.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Dr Mark Salter (马克·索尔特博士)所说的话“Baking and cooking ... in mental illness.(烘焙和烹饪是很好的治疗方法，有助于培养计划能力、短期记忆力和社交能力——这些都会影响精神疾病。)”可知，Mark Salter博士讨论了烹饪的治疗价值。故选A。2．What do the underlined words “the cake” refer to in Paragraph 3 A．Food quality. B．The end result.C．The TV show. D．The champion.答案：B解析：指代判断题。根据画线部分下文“And she thinks ... and mental health.”可知，Nadiya Hussain (纳迪亚·侯赛因)认为烘焙是重要工具，所以重要的并不是最后的结果，由此可推知，画线部分指“最后的结果”。故选B。3．What does Nicole Farmer mean about cooking A．It is a sociable activity.B．It gives us delicious food.C．It is the process of creation.D．It results in a pleasant feeling.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Nicole Farmer (妮可·法默)所说的“cooking represents the ... positive emotions (烹饪代表了人类对食物的共同体验，并通过食物滋养人，所以我认为这给我们带来了一个立即产生积极情绪的机会)”可知，Nicole Farmer认为烹饪带来一种愉快的感觉。故选D。4．What is the text mainly about A．Cooking benefiting mental health.B．Different opinions on cooking.C．Benefits of food for physical health.D．An author's cooking experience.答案：A解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“We all know about the benefits ... our mental well being as well.”及下文不同专业的人对此进行的论述可知，文章主要介绍了烹饪有益于心理健康。故选A。Ⅲ 语法填空(2024·四川省安宁河联盟高二下期中)As a student in Pakistan, it had always been my dream __1__ (come) to China and immerse myself in its culture and events.In 2022, my dream finally came true. I arrived in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan Province, to study at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.Chengdu, with its exquisite cuisine and rich history, attracted me from the moment I set foot in the city. __2__ (situate) in the heart of Sichuan, Chengdu spreads out over the rich Chengdu Plain and is home to the ancient Dujiangyan irrigation system. It owes its __3__ (survive) to the mighty Minjiang River.Over the past more than a year, I __4__ (have) the incredible opportunity to explore this magnificent city and witness its significant events firsthand. During one vacation, I had the pleasure of __5__ (visit) the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, an absolute must see attraction in the city. This visit introduced me to __6__ whole new world. The base serves __7__ a place for public education and tourism, offering interactive activities that allow people to connect with these magnificent __8__ (creature).My journey in Chengdu has just begun. With each passing day, I become more thankful for many chances __9__ invite me, promising to deepen __10__ (I) understanding of China and create lifelong memories.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者作为巴基斯坦学生在成都生活的经历。1．答案：to come解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为“it be＋n.＋to do sth”句型，不定式为真正的主语。故填to come。2．答案：Situated解析：考查非谓语动词。此处situate与主句主语Chengdu之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Situated。3．答案：survival解析：考查词性转换。设空处作动词owes的宾语，应用不可数名词survival。故填survival。4．答案：have had解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上文Over the past more than a year可知，设空处应用现在完成时，主语为I，助动词应用have。故填have had。5．答案：visiting解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词of的宾语，应用动名词。故填visiting。6．答案：a解析：考查冠词。此处泛指一个全新的世界，应用不定冠词修饰，且whole的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。7．答案：as解析：考查介词。此处指该基地作为公共教育和旅游场所。serve as表示“作为”。故填as。8．答案：creatures解析：考查名词。creature为可数名词，根据上文these可知，应用复数。故填creatures。9．答案：that/which解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词chances，在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/which。10．答案：my解析：考查代词。修饰名词understanding，应用形容词性物主代词。故填my。 精深阅读(2024·山东省临沂市高二下期中)Despite the fact that burgers, chips and fries are known as some of the most unhealthy food we can eat, they are still the most popular food.There are a few reasons behind that. First, junk food is generally easy to get and take with you. This convenience is a major draw for many, especially people who are always on the go. Restaurants like McDonald's and KFC can be found outside many schools and workplaces, providing meals in under a minute.Secondly, junk food contains a lot of added sugar and fat. This kind of food causes our brain to send out certain chemicals, which produce the feeling of relaxation, pleasure and enjoyment. That's why such food is called “comfort food”．Thirdly, our ancestors didn't have such easy access to the huge variety of food we come across every day. They didn't have the convenience of having food as easily as we do. So they made it a habit to eat as much as they could to survive and protect themselves from the hard natural conditions. The cave mentality is passed down to us, which makes us believe that we can never have enough food that is high in sugar and fat, no matter how crazily we eat. Besides, when we are too worried and tired to relax, our body produces cortisol, which increases the sugar content in the blood, so it can be used as energy to aid in fat and carbohydrate metabolism (碳水化合物代谢). Additionally, it is also found to increase hunger. That's the reason why when we're thinking about unpleasant things, we prefer foods that are high in sugar, fat and carbohydrate, that is to say unhealthy food.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了垃圾食品不健康但是仍然很受欢迎的几个原因。1．Why are McDonald's and KFC mentioned A．To show they take up the best site.B．To show they provide good service.C．To show they are famous for their taste.D．To show they make junk food easy to get.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“First, junk food ... under a minute. (首先，垃圾食品通常很容易买到并随身携带。这种便利性是吸引许多人的主要原因，尤其是那些总是忙碌的人。像麦当劳和肯德基这样的餐厅可以在许多学校和工作场所外找到，在一分钟内就能提供饭菜。)”可推知，提到麦当劳和肯德基是为了表明它们使垃圾食品很容易买到。故选D。2．What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 4 A．We need all kinds of food.B．Our ancestors lived a hard life.C．We are born to eat more than we need.D．It is difficult for us to change our habits.答案：C解析：段落大意题。根据第四段中的“So they made ... no matter how crazily we eat. (因此，他们养成了尽可能多吃的习惯，以生存并保护自己免受恶劣的自然条件的影响。洞穴心态传给了我们，这让我们相信，无论我们吃得多么疯狂，我们永远都不可能有足够的高糖高脂的食物。)”可知，第四段告诉我们，我们生来就吃得比我们需要的多。故选C。3．What is a cause of the increase of sugar content in our body A．Too much stress.B．A wish for food.C．A fast metabolic rate.D．Not having enough energy.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Besides, when we are ... in the blood (此外，当我们过于担心或疲劳而无法放松时，我们的身体会产生皮质醇，这会增加血液中的含糖量)”可知，压力太大导致我们体内的含糖量增加。故选A。4．What is the text mainly about A．How harmful junk food is.B．Why fast food is so delicious.C．How we can develop a healthy lifestyle.D．Why we love unhealthy food so much.答案：D解析：主旨大意题。文章主要分析了垃圾食品不健康但是仍然很受欢迎的几个原因，即为什么我们这么喜欢不健康的食物。故选D。精深阅读——好词句小练(一)热词1．burger n. 汉堡包2．generally adv. 一般地；通常3．relaxation n. 放松，消遣4．ancestor n. 祖先；祖宗5．survive v. 生存；存活(二)高频短语6．on the go 忙忙碌碌；活跃的7．send out 发出；散发8．have__access__to 有接近/近入……的机会/权利9．come__across 偶然发现；偶然遇见10．protect__oneself__from 保护自己免受……(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容1．Diet and relaxation (relax) are two important keys to good health.2．Volunteers practice English crazily (crazy) while waiting in line for breakfast.3．Our apartment is small, and has the added (add) disadvantage of facing west.(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义4．I like going to the gym. Additionally, it helps me stay healthy and fit.此外5．She is currently one of the biggest draws on the Irish music scene.有吸引力的人6．People should eat less fat to reduce the risk of heart disease.脂肪；肥肉(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分1．He didn't seem in the least concerned for her safety.worried2．It gives me great pleasure to introduce our guest speaker.enjoyment3．The new test should assist in the early detection of the disease.aid(六)长难句分析Besides, when we are too worried and tired to relax, our body produces cortisol, which increases the sugar content in the blood, so it can be used as energy to aid in fat and carbohydrate metabolism (碳水化合物代谢)．句意：此外，当我们过于担心和疲劳而无法放松时，我们的身体会产生皮质醇，这会增加血液中的含糖量，因此它可以作为能量来帮助脂肪和碳水化合物的代谢。分析：主干是our__body__produces__cortisol,__so__it__can__be__used__as__energy；when引导时间状语从句；which 引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词cortisol；so连接两个并列句。(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子1．They huddled together to protect__themselves__from__the__wind (保护自己免受风吹)．2．I came__across (偶然发现) some of my photos in the drawer of my father's desk this morning.(八)仿写句子That's why such food is called “comfort food”．(表语从句)仿写：这个地方不是过去的样子了。This__place__isn't__what__it__used__to__be.课后课时作业(二)较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比40%) 拔高题(占比30%)题号 Ⅰ ⅡA B难度 ★ ★★ ★★★Ⅰ 阅读A(2024·浙江省舟山中学高二下月考)Healthy eating and staying fit can be difficult. You may want to eat tasty food that is easy to prepare. You may be inspired to exercise and stay in shape. The good news is that there are apps to help you.PaprikaPaprika is an app to help users plan meals, shop and cook. You can save recipes from websites and from other apps to Paprika. The app can help keep track of the foods you have in your home so when you go shopping, you know what you need to buy.MealBoardMealBoard is another app that can suggest recipes and help you plan meals. This app can suggest recipes based on the food you already have in your home. MealBoard can keep a list of what food you have and what you need to buy. This app can scan bar codes to add items to your list. Using this app, you can also note the expiration dates (失效期), so you know when your food is no longer usable. MealBoard lets users save recipes from websites and then search them by foods used in the recipes. For example, you can search for recipes that have “chocolate” in them. IEatWellThe IEatWell app supports healthy eating by giving users rewards for eating the right foods. If you like earning rewards for meeting your goals, IEatWell may work well for you. Instead of measuring how much you eat. IEatWell measures how well you eat. Tell the app what you are eating for your meal. You can even add a photo. The app will rate how healthy your meal is, and then give you a reward if you are eating well.篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个帮助人们健康饮食以及保持健康的实用应用程序。1．What do the apps Paprika and MealBoard have in common A．They can scan bar codes.B．They can let you know what you need to buy.C．They can keep a record of the meals you eat outside.D．They can tell if the food has passed the expiration dates.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据Paprika部分中的“The app ... need to buy.”和MealBoard部分中的“MealBoard can keep a list of what food you have and what you need to buy.”可知，这两个应用程序的共同点是它们能让你知道需要买什么。故选B。2．If you eat a healthy diet, IEatWell can ________．A．give you a pictureB．give you a rewardC．provide you with recipesD．measure how much you eat答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据IEatWell部分中的“The app will ... you are eating well.”可知，如果你吃得健康，IEatWell会给你一个奖励。故选B。3．Where is the text probably taken from A．A science report. B．A cooking recipe.C．A health blog. D．A medical journal.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The good news is that there are apps to help you.”及文中三个小标题可知，本文主要介绍了几个帮助人们健康饮食以及保持健康的实用应用程序。由此可推知，这篇文章可能来自一个健康博客。故选C。B(2024·吉林省长春外国语学校高二下月考)The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食物对人类健康的影响，指出不良的饮食会致癌，特别是现在食品中的添加剂。4．How has science done something harmful to mankind A．Because of science, diseases caused by polluted food have been virtually eliminated.B．It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.C．Because of the application of science, some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.D．The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In 1945 ... caused cancer. (1945年，政府研究人员意识到通常用于肉类保色的硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂会致癌。)”可知，由于科学的应用，一些有潜在危害的物质被添加到了食物中。故选C。5．The underlined word “carcinogenic” in Paragraph 2 most nearly means “________”．A．trouble making B．color retainingC．money making D．cancer causing答案：D解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“government researchers realized ... caused cancer”可知，研究者发现硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂会致癌；结合画线词前表示转折意义的Yet可知，此处是指“这些致癌的添加剂现在仍然存在于我们的食物中”，由此可推知，画线词意为“致癌的”。故选D。6．What can we know according to the passage A．Drugs are always given to animals not only for medical reasons but also for financial reasons.B．The additives in our food are only added to the food itself.C．Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives recently.D．Food may cause eighty percent of cancer in the world.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sometimes similar drugs ... for financial reasons.”可知，给动物服用药物并不总是出于医疗目的，也出于经济原因。故选A。7．What is the best possible title of the passage A．Drug and Food B．Cancer and HealthC．Food and Health D．Health and Drug答案：C解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了食物对人类健康的影响，指出不良的饮食会致癌，特别是现在食品中的添加剂。因此C项(食物和健康)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。Ⅱ 读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2024·福建省福州市延安中学高二上期末)Though I eat an apple almost every day, one month ago my doctor came to my house standing in front of me, not being kept away, due to my sudden illness.“Well Jian, I think I need to have a strong talk with you. You are overweight. Have you ever heard about Body Mass Index (指数), BMI Well, I've weighed you and measured your height and you have a BMI of 28. That is obese (肥胖的)，” said the doctor.I knew I was a little bit overweight but I didn't think it was that bad. He added that my name means healthy in Chinese and he thought it is time that I should become healthy. There is a direct link between my health and sport. So he asked me, “How much sport do you do every week？” I told him that I go for a walk every weekend. Then he replied, “Hmm, that's not a lot. Sport and health go together. It affects your mental, physical and emotional health. For example, sport can improve your mental health, allowing your brain to think better and focus. It will help you to learn more easily. Is that clear, Jian？” “I think so. I know it would be good to be able to concentrate better at school.” I said.The doctor explained that to me from a physical point of view, sport makes us tired so it helps us to sleep better. At the same time, sport burns off the calories that we have consumed. It builds muscle and improves our circulation. Sport helps to control our cholesterol count (胆固醇指标) and this is important to stop us having a heart attack. Additionally, it also keeps our blood pressure normal and strengthens our bones.注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。The doctor's words left me lost in thought. “Exercising alone is hard. Why not try some team sports？” the doctor suggested. 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为超重，身体健康出现了问题，在听从了医生的建议后，作者改变自己的生活方式了吗？作者加入团队运动后，有什么收获？[精彩范文]The doctor's words left me lost in thought. I realized that I needed to take my health more seriously and make some changes to my lifestyle. I started to look into different sports and exercises that I could do to improve my health. I also began to pay more attention to my diet, cutting out unhealthy foods and replacing them with healthier alternatives. I knew that it wouldn't be easy, but I was determined to make a change.“Exercising alone is hard. Why not try some team sports？” the doctor suggested. I thought about it for a moment and realized that he was right. I had always been hesitant to join a sports team, but I decided to give it a try. I joined a local soccer team and was surprised at how much I enjoyed it. Not only was I getting the exercise that I needed, but I was also making new friends and having fun in the process. I started to look forward to our weekly practices and games, and I could feel myself getting stronger and healthier with each passing week. Thanks to my doctor's advice, I had found a new way to improve my health and my life. 精深阅读(2024·湖北省宜荆荆随恩高二下月考)You may have read that light coming into your eyes sets the body's clock. Similarly, food changes the clocks in tissues in your liver, muscles, and fat. Human beings developed to eat only during daylight, which lasted 12 hours. That meant we didn't eat for 12 hours a day. Sticking to that plan may help you stay healthier as well as thinner. However, it's a surprisingly bad idea to ignore breakfast, eat lunch or dinner late, eat a big bedtime snack, or eat in the middle of the night.In a study with 776 participants, people who ignored breakfast were 80 percent more likely to have obesity. People who ate lunch after 12：30 (or dinner after 21：00) were 60 percent more likely to have those extra pounds. That was true for both men and women at different ages and regardless of other factors that affect weight including your diet and exercise habits. Odd hours seem to contribute to uncontrollable eating. When you eat late at night, you tend to eat more. Perhaps driven by hormone increases, we long for sweeter, saltier food at night, research suggests. In one study, night eaters ate about 300 more calories each day.“Eating late in the day aggravates reflux, writes Jamie A．Koufman, who specializes in voice disorders and acid reflux (胃酸倒流). Many of my patients find that eating late makes them suffer more from their allergies and diabetes symptoms，” he says. “Give your stomach at least three hours to digest before sleeping，” advises Jonathan Aviv, another specialist in acid reflux. Eating breakfast late may also increase your breast cancer risk by about 17 percent for every hour you delay, according to a study of nearly 1，200 women with breast cancer in Spain, compared to more than 1，300 women who didn't develop breast cancer. If you eat late at night, another research suggests, you may up the chance of breast cancer occurrence. While researchers work out the details of how our body clocks affect digestion and their downstream effects, one point is clear: Early is better.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了太晚吃东西对身体的危害，并通过相关研究结果加以佐证。1．What can be learned from the first paragraph A．Not eating for a half day may do good to your health.B．What you eat makes no difference to your clocks.C．Eating late may be more harmful than ignoring breakfast.D．People gain weight because of their diet and exercise habits.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Human beings developed ... as well as thinner. (人类进化到只在白天进食，白天持续12个小时。那意味着我们一天中有12个小时不吃东西。坚持这个计划可以帮助你保持健康和苗条。)”可推知，半天不吃东西可能对你的健康有好处。故选A。2．What does the underlined word “aggravates” probably mean A．Comforts. B．Worsens.C．Weakens. D．Improves.答案：B解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Many of my patients ... diabetes symptoms (我的许多病人发现，吃得晚会让他们更容易出现过敏和糖尿病症状)”可知，此处是介绍吃得晚的坏处。由此可推知，画线词所在处指吃得晚会让胃酸反流恶化，画线词意为“使恶化”。故选B。3．How is the result found in the text A．By concluding from some researches concerning eating habits.B．By summarizing the data from only one survey.C．By comparing the studies about the eating disorder.D．By experimenting on people of different ages.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In a study ... extra pounds.”、第三段中的“In one study ... each day.”以及最后一段中的“Eating breakfast late ... develop breast cancer.”可知，这些有关饮食习惯的研究都表明吃得晚对健康有害，由此可推知，文章的结论是在总结这些研究的基础上得出来的。故选A。4．Which of the following is the best title for the text A．Ignore Breakfast to Lose WeightB．Night Eaters Are Much HealthierC．Eating More Damages Body ClockD．Eating Late Is Really Bad for You答案：D解析：标题判断题。文章主要说明了太晚吃东西对身体的危害，并通过相关研究结果加以佐证。D项(吃得晚真的对你不好)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。精深阅读——好词句小练(一)热词1．similarly adv. 同样；类似地2．obesity n. 肥胖症3．extra adj. 额外的4．hormone n. 荷尔蒙；激素5．specialize v. 专门从事；专攻(二)高频短语6．stick__to 坚持7．regardless__of 不管，不顾，不理会8．long for 渴望9．at__least 至少10．work__out 找到(解决办法等)(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容1．He burst into uncontrollable (controllable) laughter at something I'd said.2．Medicines for digestion (digest)are over there; follow me, please.3．You're likely to__feel (feel) anxious and pressured.(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义4．I found it odd that he didn't show up for the meeting, since he's usually very punctual.奇怪的5．By studying hard, you can up the chance of getting a good grade in the exam.增加6．People with high blood pressure should avoid eating saltier food to maintain their health.较咸的(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分1．Six people were killed in the accident, involving a policeman.including2．They're studying the link between the appearance of skin cancer and the use of computer monitors.occurrence3．He smiled suddenly, exposing a set of amazingly white teeth.surprisingly(六)长难句分析Eating breakfast late may also increase your breast cancer risk by about 17 percent for every hour you delay, according to a study of nearly 1，200 women with breast cancer in Spain, compared to more than 1，300 women who didn't develop breast cancer.句意：根据一项对西班牙近1，200名乳腺癌女性的研究，与1，300多名未患乳腺癌的女性相比，每推迟一小时吃早餐可能会使你患乳腺癌的风险增加约17%。分析：主干是Eating__breakfast__late__...__breast__cancer__risk；Eating breakfast late是动名词短语作主语；according to ... 是介词短语作状语；compared to ... 是过去分词短语作状语。(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子1．The elderly in rural areas often suffer__more__from (更多地遭受……) loneliness and isolation.2．The club welcomes all new members regardless__of (不管) age.(八)仿写句子Human beings developed to eat only during daylight, which lasted 12 hours.(which引导非限制性定语从句)仿写：音乐会持续了一整夜，对音乐爱好者来说真是一场盛宴。The_concert, _which_lasted_all_through_the__night,__was__a__real__treat__for__music__lovers.4(共139张PPT)WELCOME UNITUNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE单元主题：人与自我——健康生活方式Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking预习检测 词汇打卡自主学习 课文语篇目录CONTENTS12合作探究 课时重点3对点练习 巩固所学4课后课时作业(一)5课后课时作业(二)6预习检测 词汇打卡一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义1．tobacco n. ____________2．alcohol n. ________3．physical adj. ___________________________4．escalator n. _______________5．pill n. ___________烟草；烟叶酒;酒精身体的;客观存在的;物理学的自动扶梯；滚梯药丸;药片二、核心单词：写出英文单词1．______ n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂2．_____ n. 提示；暗示；信号 vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示)3．_______ n. 回报；奖励；报酬 vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬4．______ vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖5．________ vt. 促进；促使；使便利6．________ vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验7．______ v. 删去；删除abusecuerewardrelyfacilitateexaminedelete三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)1．dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有优势→__________ n. 控制；统治→________ adj. 首要的；显著的；占优势的2．repeatedly adv. 重复地→________ adj. 重复的；反复发生的→_______ v. 重复；重说；重做→________ n. 重复，背诵，副本3．psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理影响→____________ adj. 心理的；心理学的→_______________ adv. 心理上地；心理学地→____________ n. 心理学家；心理学研究者dominationdominantrepeatedrepeatrepetitionpsychologicalpsychologicallypsychologist4．negative adj. 消极的；有害的；否定的→__________ adv. 消极地；否定地→_________ n. 否定性；消极性5．pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的→____________ adv. 悲观地→_________ n. 悲观主义者negativelynegativitypessimisticallypessimist四、熟词生义：写出熟义discipline 熟义：n. ______________生义：n. 学科 vt. 自我控制；严格要求(自己)；管教；处罚五、核心短语：写出英语表达1．____________ 回答；答复2．_______ 依赖；依靠；信赖3．___________ 立即；马上4．_________ 决定；选定自制力；纪律in response torely onstraight awaydecide on自主学习 课文语篇As１ teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions. However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked２， could lead to more serious ones３ when they become adults. For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which４ can lead to physical and mental health problems. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life５ is essential. They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes.课文三维剖析１引导__________从句２_________从句的省略，将其补全则是if these bad habits are left unchecked３指代前面提到的_________４引导_______________从句，指代整个主句的内容５动词不定式短语作______时间状语HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE健康的生活方式需养成的习惯条件状语bad habits非限制性定语主语在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立，并且开始自己做决定。然而，在这一时期，他们中的一部分人容易养成不良习惯。如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。防止此类有害习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。他们必须学会早早认清不良习惯并作出适当的改变。６动词不定式短语作_____７过去分词短语作_________，修饰a famous saying８省略了关系代词_________的定语从句，修饰先行词choices９引导______从句，修饰先行词habit10 引导______从句，说明news的具体内容11 引导__________从句12 引导______从句To change bad habits６ is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle７：“We are what we repeatedly do.” In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made８. We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that９ is much harder to change. The good news is that10 we can change, if11 we understand how12 habits work.主语后置定语that/which定语表语条件状语宾语改变不良习惯从来都不是一件容易的事情，即使你三番五次地尝试。有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”从很多方面看，我们的生活方式是我们所作出的选择的总和。我们选择做某件事，接着我们反反复复地做这件事。不久之后，这项选择就变得自然而然，成为一种更加难以改变的习惯。好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是怎么运作的，我们就可以作出改变。13 介词短语作______14 引导_______________从句，解释说明先行词“habit cycle”15 动词不定式短语作_________16 省略了关系代词that或which的______从句，修饰先行词thing or feelingAccording to modern psychology13, we must first learn about the “habit cycle”， which14 works like this：·Firstly, there is a “cue”， an action, event, or situation that acts as a signal to do something15.·Secondly, there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue.·Thirdly, there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling we get from the routine16.状语非限制性定语后置定语定语根据现代心理学，我们必须首先了解“习惯循环”，其工作原理如下：·第一是“触发因素”，即一个行动、事件或状况，充当要做某事的讯号。·第二是“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。·第三是“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。17 引导__________从句18 引导_______________从句，解释说明前面整个主句19 连接两个__________For example, when17 we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which18 makes us feel happy (reward). The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and19 the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.例如，当我们感到不高兴时(触发因素)，我们会吃很多不健康零食(惯常行为)，这让我们感到快乐(回报)。这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食这一不良习惯。时间状语非限制性定语并列句20 动词不定式短语作________21 介词短语作_________22 动词不定式短语作______23 引导_________从句 To facilitate a positive change20 in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas21. For example, we could try to replace a negative routine22 with something more positive. So, when23 we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine),目的状语方式状语宾语时间状语24 引导_____________从句，解释说明前面整个主句25 引导_________从句26 连接两个_______which24 will make us feel relaxed (reward). Aside from changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits. For example, when25 we come to an escalator (cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but26 we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead.非限制性定语时间状语并列句想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。为了做到这一点，我们可以把来自我们不良习惯循环的信息与我们自己的积极想法结合起来。例如，我们可以试着将一个消极的惯常行为替换为一个更积极的东西。因此，当我们再次感到不高兴时(触发因素)，我们可以听几首自己最喜爱的音乐(惯常行为)，而不是吃零食，这会使我们感到放松(回报)。除了改变不良习惯之外，我们还可以利用习惯循环来养成良好的习惯。例如，当我们走到电梯前的时候(触发因素)，我们的惯常行为是乘坐电梯，但是我们可以改为走楼梯，从而将上述惯常行为改变为一个更积极的事情。27 引导_________从句28 动词不定式作_________29 引导______________从句，指代整个主句的内容30 动词不定式短语作________Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if27 we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up. In fact, the most successful way to change28 is not suddenly, but over a period of time. As29 the Chinese philosopher Laozi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems small, but it is essential. To reach the goal of change30, a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.条件状语后置定语非限制性定语目的状语我们中很多人试图迅速改变不良习惯，一旦没有立刻成功，我们往往变得悲观，继而放弃。事实上，改变不良习惯的最佳方法不是一蹴而就，而是需要一段时间。正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之行，始于足下。”一步似乎很小，却至关重要。为了实现改变这一目标，一个人必须展示出一定程度的自制力，不断地迈出许多小步。毕竟，戒除不良习惯并非易事。31 动词不定式短语作__________32 引导_____从句，在从句中作_____，that不可省略33 动词不定式短语作___________For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits31. However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that32 will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits33!后置定语定语主语后置定语对年轻人来说，有大量的时间可以改变不良习惯。然而，能帮助你的“魔力丸”或删除键并不存在；你必须思考自己的不良习惯，选定一些作出改变。你有能力构建一种充满良好习惯的快乐、健康的生活！(一)课文大意填空阅读领悟badhabit答案cyclechangegraduallyeasy(二)课文剖析选择题1．Why are the teenagers easy to form bad habits A．Because they are fond of tobacco or alcohol.B．Because they pay no attention to their health.C．Because they intend to make their parents upset.D．Because they are more independent and have their own ideas.答案2．Why does the author quote Aristotle's words A．To show changing bad habits is never easy.B．To imply we always repeat useless things.C．To tell us our life is only in the control of ourselves.D．To warn us to get ready for the difficulties.答案3．Which of the followings is considered as “reward”？A．You take a walk around the school in the morning.B．You find yourself excited after a talk with your friend.C．You decide to borrow two books from the city library.D．You're willing to volunteer in your community every weekend.答案4．What attitude does the author take to changing bad habits A．Objective. B．Pessimistic.C．Positive. D．Skeptical.答案(三)问题链1．What's the benefits of a healthy lifestyle ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Is it easy to get rid of bad habits？Why ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．What should we do to form good habits ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The benefits of a healthy lifestyle include improved physical and mental health, increasedenergy, better sleep, and a lower risk of chronic diseases.No, it’s not easy to get rid of bad habits because they are habitual behaviors that require conscious effort and time to change.答案To form good habits, we should set clear and achievable goals, create a plan, and be consistent with our efforts.合作探究 课时重点探究一 热词1.abuse n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂(教材P14) abuse of sth 滥用某物 be open to abuse 容易被滥用 alcohol/drug abuse 酗酒/嗜毒 abuse one's privileges/authority/power 滥用某人的特权/权力 abuse one's trust/kindness 辜负了某人的信任/好心①The politician's abuse of power led to his resignation from office.这位政治家滥用职权，导致他辞去了职务。②The government is taking action to combat drug abuse.政府正在采取措施打击滥用毒品。③She is continually abusing her authority by getting other people to do things for her.她不断地滥用自己的特权，让别人为她做事。④He felt they had abused his trust by talking about him to the press.他觉得他们对媒体谈论他的情况辜负了他对他们的信任。【学会运用】单句语法填空①I think the system is open ____ abuse.②Mr Smith was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse ____ power.【学会表达】完成句子③有些人滥用权力为自己谋利。Some people ________________ to get profit for themselves.④由于酗酒，他的健康状况逐年恶化。____________________________, his health is failing year by year.toofabuse their powerBecause of/Due to alcohol abuse2.reward n. 回报；奖励；报酬 vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬(教材P14) rewarding adj. 值得的；有益的；有意义的 as a reward (for ...) 作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏 in reward for 作为报答/奖励 reward sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而奖赏某人 reward sb with sth 用某物回报/奖励某人①Textbook writing can be an intellectually and financially rewarding activity.编著课本，在知识上和经济上，是一种值得的行为。②She has been awarded scholarships worth 10，000 yuan as a reward for her good performance.她获得了价值1万元的奖学金，作为对其良好表现的奖励。③She got a lot in reward for her kindness.她的善良得到了很多回报。④He gave the children some chocolate to reward them for behaving well.他给了孩子们一些巧克力，以奖励他们表现良好。⑤She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.她开始给婴儿唱歌，婴儿则报以微笑。(人物描写)【学会运用】单句语法填空①Many experts advocate rewarding your child _____ good behaviour.②For me, nursing can be a very ___________ (reward) career.③There is no doubt that they will reward you ____ loyalty, friendship and gratitude.【学会表达】完成句子④袁隆平被授予我国最高奖项，以奖励他对杂交水稻的巨大贡献。Yuan Longping was given _________________________________________ his great contribution to hybrid rice.⑤她通过考试后，得到了一辆新自行车作为奖励。She got a new bike ____________________________.forrewardingwiththe highest award of our country in reward foras a reward for passing her exams3.rely vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖 (教材P15) reliable adj. 可信赖的；可依靠的 rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖 rely on doing sth 依靠做某事 rely on sb/sth to do sth 信赖/依靠某人/物做某事 rely on/upon it that ... 相信/指望……①My colleague is very reliable because she always completes her tasks on time.我的同事非常可靠，因为她总是按时完成她的任务。(人物描写)②I always rely on my friends for support when I'm going through tough times.当我经历困难时期时，我总是依靠朋友的支持。③From now on, we can rely on getting outside help if things get tough.从现在起，如果情况变得艰难，我们可以依靠外部帮助。④Many working women rely on relatives to help take care of their children.许多职业女性依靠亲戚来帮助照顾她们的孩子。 rely on/upon后跟that从句时，常在从句之前加it作形式宾语，有类似用法的动词(短语)还有： love, like, appreciate, hate, depend on, see to等。【学会运用】 单句语法填空①We had to rely ____ a compass and a lot of luck to get here.②The investigation will rely on ________ (get) information from different resources.③In the future, I won't rely on others ________ (handle) such conditions.【学会表达】 完成句子④在这种困难的情况下，你可以相信我不会让你失望的。________________________ I will not let you down in this difficult situation.ongettingto handleYou can rely on/upon it that4.examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验 vi. 进行检查(教材P15) examination n. 审查；调查；考查 examine sb/sth for sth 为某事检查某人/某物 examine sb in/on sth 在某方面考查/测验某人 examine into ... 对……进行检查/调查①The proposal requires careful examination and consideration.这项建议需要仔细审查和考虑。②The police will have to examine the weapon for fingerprints.警察必须检查武器上的指纹。③You are only being examined on this semester's work.现在只考你在本学期学的课程。【学会运用】 单句语法填空①The issue needs further ___________ (examine)．②From time to time I will examine you ________ the work you have done.③Doctors also examine them ____ other medical conditions.【学会表达】 完成句子④警方正在调查事故的原因，以确定责任人。____________________________________________ to determine who is responsible.examinationon/inforThe police are examining into the cause of the accident5．dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有优势→___________ n. 控制；统治→___________ adj. 首要的；显著的；占优势的dominationdominantThe dominant culture in the region has long dominated the social landscape, leading to the domination of its values and traditions over minority groups.该地区的主流文化长期以来一直主导着社会格局，导致其价值观和传统对少数群体的统治。The teacher repeatedly reminded the students to pay attention, but they continued to repeat the same mistakes, causing the teacher to feel exhausted by the constant repetition.老师反复提醒学生们注意，但他们继续重复同样的错误，导致老师因不断重复而感到疲惫。6．repeatedly adv. 重复地→________ adj. 重复的；反复发生的→________ v. 重复；重说；重做→_________ n. 重复，背诵，副本repeatedrepeatrepetition7．psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理影响→_____________ adj. 心理的；心理学的→_______________ adv. 心理上地；心理学地→____________ n. 心理学家；心理学研究者The psychologist analyzed the psychological effects of the situation, explaining how it affected people psychologically.心理学家分析了这种情况的心理影响，解释了它是如何在心理上影响人们的。psychologicalpsychologicallypsychologist【学会运用】 单句语法填空①I _________ (repeat) reminded her to bring her umbrella, but she forgot again.②As a child, he _____________ (dominate) by his father.【学会表达】 完成句子③她一直是国际艺术界举足轻重的人物。____________________________ in the international art world.④心理学在理解人们如何相互交往方面起着至关重要的作用。___________________________________________ how people interact with each other.repeatedlywas dominatedShe is always a dominant figurePsychology plays an important role in understanding8 discipline[熟义]n. 自制力；纪律[生义]n. _______ vt. __________________________________________学科自我控制；严格要求（自己）；管教；处罚①I don't have enough (self－)discipline to save money.我没有足够的自制力去省钱。②There should be tougher discipline in schools.在学校，纪律应该更加严明。③We're looking for people from a wide range of disciplines.我们正在寻找各类学科的人才。④I'm trying to discipline myself to eat less chocolate.我正试图控制自己少吃巧克力。【学会运用】 同义词替换①Your assignment will be to choose a discipline that interests you, and devise an experiment.________【学会表达】 完成句子②这所学校因纪律严格而闻名。___________________________________________________③从去年开始他规定自己每周至少锻炼三次。_________________________________________________________________subjectThe school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.Since last year, he has disciplined himself to exercise at least three times a week.探究二 短语9.in response to 回答；答复(教材P14) response n. 回答，答复；响应，反应 respond v. 回答；响应；作出回应 make a/no response to ... 对……(不)作答复 in response 作为回应 respond to ... 回应/回答……；对……作出反应①In response to the broadcast notice, a nurse came forward.听到广播通知后，一名护士走上前来。②He made no response to her angry outburst, choosing to ignore her instead.他对她的愤怒没有做出任何回应，而是选择了无视。③In response, they took action to improve the working conditions in the factory and ensure employee welfare.作为回应，他们采取行动改善了工厂的工作条件，并确保员工福利。④Egypt is among the first countries to respond to the Belt and Road Initiative.埃及是最早响应“一带一路”倡议的国家之一。(新闻报道)【学会运用】 单句语法填空①Teamwork teaches us to be more patient and how to respond ___ different people.②After hearing the unexpected news, she made no ________ (respond) for a long time.③___ response, she quickly corrected her mistake in her work.【学会表达】 完成句子④她对他的问题点了点头，表示她明白了。___________________________________________________________toresponseShe nodded in response to his question, indicating that she understood.In探究三 长难句分析10.As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions.(教材P14)在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立，并且开始自己做决定。【分析】 as在此处为连词，意为“随着……”，引导时间状语从句。as其他相关用法 引导原因状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句及定语从句 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，意为“正如……” 作介词，意为“作为……”，常用于构成短语，如work as, serve as, describe ... as ... 等①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.随着城市的飞速发展，生活在市区的人们越来越难找到机会接近自然。②As he is a qualified doctor, I trust his advice on medical matters.因为他是一名合格的医生，所以我相信他在医疗问题上的建议。③I'll behave toward them as I would like to be treated.我希望别人怎样对待我，我就会怎样对待他们。④As you know, Julia is leaving soon.如你所知，茱莉娅很快就要离开了。⑤(2023·全国乙卷)Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery.她出生在佛罗伦萨的一个犹太人家庭，后来搬到巴黎，在那里她成为了一名医生并施行手术。 as引导让步状语从句时，只用于倒装语序结构中，强调的成分置于as前，语气强于although和though。【学会运用】 单句语法填空①Dark ________ it was, they went out.②The book serves ___ a valuable resource for students studying the subject.【学会表达】 完成句子③他因为将爵士乐传到英格兰而为人们所熟知。_______________________________________________________④我知道人们的笔迹随着年龄的增长而变化。______________________________________________as/thoughasHe is best remembered as the man who brought jazz to England.I know people’s handwriting changes as they get older.对点练习 巩固所学维度一 高频词汇(一)写出下列单词和短语的英文1．________ n. 酒；酒精2．________ n. 心理学；心理；心理影响3．_______ n. 烟草；烟叶4．____ n. 提示；暗示；信号5．___ n. 药丸；药片6．____________ 立即；马上7．__________ 除了……还8．____________ 回答；答复9．_________ 决定；选定10．______ 依赖；依靠；信赖alcoholpsychologytobaccocuepillstraight awayaside fromin response todecide onrely on(二)写出下列句子中加黑部分的汉语释义1．We need to examine how an accident like this can be avoided in the future.______2．She watched his lips carefully and took her cue from him.______3．We should learn to grasp communication skills for they can facilitate mutual understanding.______4．He abused his power to help his son become qualified.______5．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.______检查暗示促进滥用回报维度二 语境运用(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容1．He gave his son a model telescope to reward him ____ behaving well.2．The earth won't stop because of your __________ (pessimism) thoughts.3．Although Jack failed in this entrance __________ (examine), he didn't lose heart.4．We need a _______ (rely) source of information to make an informed decision.5．She is studying ___________ (psychological) at university and hopes to become a therapist.forpessimisticexaminationreliablepsychology(四)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的加黑部分1．Make sure you inspect the goods before signing for them.________2．They want less passive ways of filling their time.________3．The use of technology improves communication between people from different countries._________4．We'd like you to accept this gift in payment for your kindness._______5．We shouldn't depend on mobile phones too much._____examinereward, facilitate, rely, examine, negativenegativefacilitatesrewardrely维度三 能力提升(五)长难句分析(2023·全国乙卷)I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph.句意：我经常早早离开，去寻找合适的目的地，这样我就可以早些准备好，避免错过我想要拍摄的瞬间。分析：句子主干是________________，为“主谓宾”结构。to seek the right destinations是动词不定式短语作________，so引导_________从句，avoid doing sth为固定搭配，意为“____________”，I am attempting to photograph是省略了that/which的_____从句，修饰先行词____________。I often leave early目的状语结果状语避免做某事定语the moment(六)句型转换1．When it is seen from a distance, to tell the truth, the scenery appears more beautiful.(“连词＋分词”结构)→_______________________， to tell the truth, the scenery appears more beautiful.2．We all know that the main purpose of school education is to have students in preparation for their future.(用as改写)→________________， the main purpose of school education is to have students in preparation for their future.When seen from a distanceAs is known to all维度四 素养提升(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子1．He has already been sentenced to six years in jail for ____________ (滥用职权)．2．After much consideration, we __________ (决定) holding the meeting in the conference room.3．He chuckled _____________ (作为对……的答复) her question.(八)翻译1．我们应该相信一切都会顺利的。(rely on it that ...)__________________________________________2．他因他的发现而获得一枚奖章。(reward n．)__________________________________________abuse of powerdecided onin response toWe should rely on it that everything will go well.He received a medal in reward for his findings.课后课时作业（一）较易题(占比70%) 中档题(占比30%) 拔高题(占比0%)题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ难度 ★★ ★ ★Ⅰ 完形填空(2024·江西省吉安市多校联考高二下月考)Returning home from my university on a hot day, I longed for a cold sugary drink. I rushed to the fridge to __1__ one, sat on my sofa and __2__ playing with my mobile phone. That was where I __3__ an ad for some burgers and fries. I decided to order because I was __4__ and needed some __5__ to finish my to do list for the day.I didn't know at that point that eating this type of highly processed food would make me feel lazier, sleepier—and __6__ my whole life in a harmful way.I had moved away from home in 2021, when I was 18, to __7__ my education. It was my first time living without my family and __8__ myself independently. I was out of my comfort zone and felt __9__. There were so many things to do, so I paid little attention to my __10__ because eating highly processed food seemed the quickest and __11__ thing to do.About 4 weeks after moving away from home, I continued __12__ whatever I wanted, until one day my stomach hurt so badly that I could __13__ walk. My doctor told me it was the __14__ of all the unhealthy food I had been eating. He suggested I make an effort to eat a healthy and __15__ diet that gave me all the right nutrients.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者不注意饮食，最后导致胃疼，不得不去看医生。通过这件事，作者意识到健康饮食的重要性。篇章导读1．A.buy B．grabC．fancy D．hide2．A.practiced B．forgotC．started D．missed解析： buy 买；grab 取，拿；fancy 想要；hide 隐藏。根据前文的“I longed for a cold sugary drink”可知，作者很想喝冷饮，所以冲到冰箱前去拿。故选B。解析：practice 练习；forget 忘记；start 开始；miss 错过。根据前文的“I rushed to the fridge to __1__ one, sat on my sofa”和后文的“playing with my mobile phone”可知，作者拿了冷饮后，坐在沙发上开始玩手机。故选C。答案解析3．A.saw B．wroteC．ignored D．sent解析：see 看见；write 写；ignore 忽略；send 发送。根据后文的“an ad for some burgers and fries”可知，作者看到了汉堡和薯条的广告。故选A。答案解析4．A.thirsty B．hungryC．proud D．sad解析：thirsty 口渴的；hungry 饥饿的；proud 骄傲的；sad 伤心的。根据前文的“That was ... decided to order”可知，作者看到了汉堡和薯条的广告，决定点餐，因为作者觉得自己饿了。故选B。5．A.time B．adviceC．energy D．peace解析： time 时间；advice 建议；energy 能量；peace 和平。根据前文的“I decided to order”和后文的“to finish my to do list for the day”可知，作者需要一些能量来完成当天的任务清单。故选C。答案解析6．A.share B．escapeC．waste D．affect解析：根据前文的“eating this type of highly processed food would make me feel lazier, sleepier”可知，这种高度加工的食物会让作者感觉更懒、更困，所以这种高度加工的食物以一种有害的方式影响作者的整个生活。故选D。7．A.support B．continueC．quit D．introduce解析： support 支持；continue 继续；quit 退出；introduce 介绍。根据前文的“I had moved away from home in 2021, when I was 18”和后文的“my education”可知，作者离开家是为了继续学业。故选B。答案解析8．A.competing with B．searching forC．watching over D．looking after解析： compete with 与……竞争；search for 寻找；watch over 监视；look after 照顾。根据前文的“living without my family”和后文的“myself independently”可知，作者离开家人独自生活，独自照顾自己。故选D。9．A.stressed B．excitedC．relieved D．ashamed解析： stressed 焦虑的，紧张的；excited 兴奋的；relieved 放心的；ashamed 惭愧的。根据前文的“I was out of my comfort zone”可知，作者离开了自己的舒适区，所以感到压力很大。故选A。答案解析10．A.study B．dietC．family D．weight解析： study 研究；diet 饮食；family 家庭；weight 重量。根据后文的“because eating highly processed food seemed the quickest”可知，作者很少注意自己的饮食。故选B。11．A.cheapest B．newestC．easiest D．safest解析：根据前文的“because eating highly processed food seemed the quickest and”可知，吃高度加工的食物似乎是最快和最容易的事情。故选C。答案解析12．A.finishing B．helpingC．playing D．eating解析：根据后文的“whatever I wanted, until one day my stomach hurt so badly”可知，作者没有注意饮食，继续吃想吃的东西，所以导致胃疼得厉害。故选D。13．A.barely B．immediatelyC．eventually D．patiently解析： barely 几乎不；immediately 立即；eventually 最终；patiently 耐心地。根据前文的“my stomach hurt so badly”和后文的“walk”可知，作者胃疼得厉害，几乎不能走路。故选A。答案解析14．A.experience B．reasonC．result D．chance解析： experience 经验；经历；reason 原因；result 结果；chance 机会。根据后文的“of all the unhealthy food I had been eating”可知，胃疼得厉害是因为作者一直吃不健康食物的结果。故选C。15．A.poor B．freeC．limited D．balanced解析： poor 贫穷的；差的；free 自由的；limited 有限的；balanced 平衡的。根据后文的“diet that gave me all the right nutrients”可知，能给作者营养的是健康均衡的饮食。故选D。答案解析Ⅱ 阅读(2024·宁夏回族自治区吴忠市高二下期中)We are what we eat. From high calorie meals to low fat lunches, much of our health depends on what we eat. We all know about the benefits of eating properly for our physical health, but food—and cooking it—is proving to be good for our mental well being as well.Some people are now advocating the therapy value of cooking food. It's not just about the end result but the experience we go through. Dr Mark Salter told BBC: “Baking and cooking are good therapies that help develop planning skills, short term memory and social skills—all of which suffer in mental illness.”TV chef and author Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our mind. She loves to bake and became the champion of the TV show, The Great British Bake Off. “Baking has always been about therapy. It's never really been about the__cake，” she said. And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our socialization and mental health.Certainly, creating delicious food has helped take our mind off things and given us something to do. People have said that preparing dough to make bread, for example, has given them a sense of calm and control. Research has shown that doing creative tasks, like cooking, makes us feel happier. Nicole Farmer, who studies how food impacts our biology, behaviour and mental health, told BBC online that “cooking represents the shared human experience of food, and nurturing people through food, so I think that's where it brings us an opportunity for immediate positive emotions”．Of course, cooking can be a very sociable activity and sharing the end result, a rewarding experience. Hopefully, as we start to mix with friends and family again, we can enjoy the benefits once more and put us all in the right frame of mind.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了烹饪食物对我们的精神健康有好处。篇章导读1．What does Dr Mark Salter talk about A．The therapy value of cooking.B．The enjoyment of cooking.C．The types of mental disease.D．The physical benefits of food.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Dr Mark Salter (马克·索尔特博士)所说的话“Baking and cooking ... in mental illness.(烘焙和烹饪是很好的治疗方法，有助于培养计划能力、短期记忆力和社交能力——这些都会影响精神疾病。)”可知，Mark Salter博士讨论了烹饪的治疗价值。故选A。答案解析2．What do the underlined words “the cake” refer to in Paragraph 3 A．Food quality. B．The end result.C．The TV show. D．The champion.解析：指代判断题。根据画线部分下文“And she thinks ... and mental health.”可知，Nadiya Hussain (纳迪亚·侯赛因)认为烘焙是重要工具，所以重要的并不是最后的结果，由此可推知，画线部分指“最后的结果”。故选B。答案解析3．What does Nicole Farmer mean about cooking A．It is a sociable activity.B．It gives us delicious food.C．It is the process of creation.D．It results in a pleasant feeling.解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Nicole Farmer (妮可·法默)所说的“cooking represents the ... positive emotions (烹饪代表了人类对食物的共同体验，并通过食物滋养人，所以我认为这给我们带来了一个立即产生积极情绪的机会)”可知，Nicole Farmer认为烹饪带来一种愉快的感觉。故选D。答案解析4．What is the text mainly about A．Cooking benefiting mental health.B．Different opinions on cooking.C．Benefits of food for physical health.D．An author's cooking experience.解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“We all know about the benefits ... our mental well being as well.”及下文不同专业的人对此进行的论述可知，文章主要介绍了烹饪有益于心理健康。故选A。答案解析Ⅲ 语法填空(2024·四川省安宁河联盟高二下期中)As a student in Pakistan, it had always been my dream __1__ (come) to China and immerse myself in its culture and events.In 2022, my dream finally came true. I arrived in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan Province, to study at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.Chengdu, with its exquisite cuisine and rich history, attracted me from the moment I set foot in the city. __2__ (situate) in the heart of Sichuan, Chengdu spreads out over the rich Chengdu Plain and is home to the ancient Dujiangyan irrigation system. It owes its __3__ (survive) to the mighty Minjiang River.Over the past more than a year, I __4__ (have) the incredible opportunity to explore this magnificent city and witness its significant events firsthand. During one vacation, I had the pleasure of __5__ (visit) the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, an absolute must see attraction in the city. This visit introduced me to __6__ whole new world. The base serves __7__ a place for public education and tourism, offering interactive activities that allow people to connect with these magnificent __8__ (creature).My journey in Chengdu has just begun. With each passing day, I become more thankful for many chances __9__ invite me, promising to deepen __10__ (I) understanding of China and create lifelong memories.1．________ 2．________ 3．________ 4．________ 5．________ 6．________ 7．________ 8．________ 9．________ 10．________篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者作为巴基斯坦学生在成都生活的经历。篇章导读1．答案：to come解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为“it be＋n.＋to do sth”句型，不定式为真正的主语。故填to come。答案解析2．答案：Situated解析：考查非谓语动词。此处situate与主句主语Chengdu之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Situated。3．答案：survival解析：考查词性转换。设空处作动词owes的宾语，应用不可数名词survival。故填survival。4．答案：have had解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据上文Over the past more than a year可知，设空处应用现在完成时，主语为I，助动词应用have。故填have had。答案解析5．答案：visiting解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词of的宾语，应用动名词。故填visiting。6．答案：a解析：考查冠词。此处泛指一个全新的世界，应用不定冠词修饰，且whole的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。7．答案：as解析：考查介词。此处指该基地作为公共教育和旅游场所。serve as表示“作为”。故填as。答案解析8．答案：creatures解析：考查名词。creature为可数名词，根据上文these可知，应用复数。故填creatures。答案解析9．答案：that/which解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词chances，在从句中作主语，指物。故填that/which。10．答案：my解析：考查代词。修饰名词understanding，应用形容词性物主代词。故填my。(2024·山东省临沂市高二下期中)Despite the fact that burgers, chips and fries are known as some of the most unhealthy food we can eat, they are still the most popular food.There are a few reasons behind that. First, junk food is generally easy to get and take with you. This convenience is a major draw for many, especially people who are always on the go. Restaurants like McDonald's and KFC can be found outside many schools and workplaces, providing meals in under a minute.精深阅读Secondly, junk food contains a lot of added sugar and fat. This kind of food causes our brain to send out certain chemicals, which produce the feeling of relaxation, pleasure and enjoyment. That’s why such food is called “comfort food”．Thirdly, our ancestors didn't have such easy access to the huge variety of food we come across every day. They didn't have the convenience of having food as easily as we do. So they made it a habit to eat as much as they could to survive and protect themselves from the hard natural conditions. The cave mentality is passed down to us, which makes us believe that we can never have enough food that is high in sugar and fat, no matter how crazily we eat.Besides, when we are too worried and tired to relax, our body produces cortisol, which increases the sugar content in the blood, so it can be used as energy to aid in fat and carbohydrate metabolism (碳水化合物代谢). Additionally, it is also found to increase hunger. That's the reason why when we're thinking about unpleasant things, we prefer foods that are high in sugar, fat and carbohydrate, that is to say unhealthy food.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了垃圾食品不健康但是仍然很受欢迎的几个原因。篇章导读1．Why are McDonald's and KFC mentioned A．To show they take up the best site.B．To show they provide good service.C．To show they are famous for their taste.D．To show they make junk food easy to get.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“First, junk food ... under a minute. (首先，垃圾食品通常很容易买到并随身携带。这种便利性是吸引许多人的主要原因，尤其是那些总是忙碌的人。像麦当劳和肯德基这样的餐厅可以在许多学校和工作场所外找到，在一分钟内就能提供饭菜。)”可推知，提到麦当劳和肯德基是为了表明它们使垃圾食品很容易买到。故选D。答案解析2．What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 4 A．We need all kinds of food.B．Our ancestors lived a hard life.C．We are born to eat more than we need.D．It is difficult for us to change our habits.解析：段落大意题。根据第四段中的“So they made ... no matter how crazily we eat. (因此，他们养成了尽可能多吃的习惯，以生存并保护自己免受恶劣的自然条件的影响。洞穴心态传给了我们，这让我们相信，无论我们吃得多么疯狂，我们永远都不可能有足够的高糖高脂的食物。)”可知，第四段告诉我们，我们生来就吃得比我们需要的多。故选C。答案解析3．What is a cause of the increase of sugar content in our body A．Too much stress.B．A wish for food.C．A fast metabolic rate.D．Not having enough energy.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Besides, when we are ... in the blood (此外，当我们过于担心或疲劳而无法放松时，我们的身体会产生皮质醇，这会增加血液中的含糖量)”可知，压力太大导致我们体内的含糖量增加。故选A。答案解析4．What is the text mainly about A．How harmful junk food is.B．Why fast food is so delicious.C．How we can develop a healthy lifestyle.D．Why we love unhealthy food so much.解析：主旨大意题。文章主要分析了垃圾食品不健康但是仍然很受欢迎的几个原因，即为什么我们这么喜欢不健康的食物。故选D。答案解析精深阅读——好词句小练(一)热词1．_______ n. 汉堡包2． _________ adv. 一般地；通常3．relaxation n. ____________4． ________ n. 祖先；祖宗5．survive v. ___________burgergenerally放松，消遣ancestor生存；存活(二)高频短语6．on the go __________________7．send out ___________8．______________ 有接近/近入……的机会/权利9．___________ 偶然发现；偶然遇见10．__________________ 保护自己免受……忙忙碌碌；活跃的发出；散发have access tocome acrossprotect oneself from(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容1．Diet and __________ (relax) are two important keys to good health.2．Volunteers practice English ______ (crazy) while waiting in line for breakfast.3．Our apartment is small, and has the ______ (add) disadvantage of facing west.(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义4．I like going to the gym. Additionally, it helps me stay healthy and fit._____5．She is currently one of the biggest draws on the Irish music scene. ___________6．People should eat less fat to reduce the risk of heart disease._________relaxationcrazilyadded此外有吸引力的人脂肪；肥肉(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分aid， worry， enjoyment1．He didn't seem in the least concerned for her safety.________2．It gives me great pleasure to introduce our guest speaker. ____________3．The new test should assist in the early detection of the disease. ____worriedenjoymentaid(六)长难句分析Besides, when we are too worried and tired to relax, our body produces cortisol, which increases the sugar content in the blood, so it can be used as energy to aid in fat and carbohydrate metabolism (碳水化合物代谢)．句意：此外，当我们过于担心和疲劳而无法放松时，我们的身体会产生皮质醇，这会增加血液中的含糖量，因此它可以作为能量来帮助脂肪和碳水化合物的代谢。分析：主干是______________________________________________；when引导__________从句；which 引导_______________从句，解释说明先行词cortisol；so连接两个________。our body produces cortisol, so it can be used as energy时间状语非限制性定语并列句(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子1．They huddled together to _____________________________ (保护自己免受风吹)．2．I ____________ (偶然发现) some of my photos in the drawer of my father's desk this morning.(八)仿写句子That's why such food is called “comfort food”．(表语从句)仿写：这个地方不是过去的样子了。______________________________protect themselves from the windcame acrossThis place isn’t what it used to be.课后课时作业（二）较易题(占比30%) 中档题(占比40%) 拔高题(占比30%)题号 Ⅰ ⅡA B 难度 ★ ★★ ★★★Ⅰ 阅读A(2024·浙江省舟山中学高二下月考)Healthy eating and staying fit can be difficult. You may want to eat tasty food that is easy to prepare. You may be inspired to exercise and stay in shape. The good news is that there are apps to help you.PaprikaPaprika is an app to help users plan meals, shop and cook. You can save recipes from websites and from other apps to Paprika. The app can help keep track of the foods you have in your home so when you go shopping, you know what you need to buy.MealBoardMealBoard is another app that can suggest recipes and help you plan meals. This app can suggest recipes based on the food you already have in your home. MealBoard can keep a list of what food you have and what you need to buy. This app can scan bar codes to add items to your list. Using this app, you can also note the expiration dates (失效期), so you know when your food is no longer usable. MealBoard lets users save recipes from websites and then search them by foods used in the recipes. For example, you can search for recipes that have “chocolate” in them.IEatWellThe IEatWell app supports healthy eating by giving users rewards for eating the right foods. If you like earning rewards for meeting your goals, IEatWell may work well for you. Instead of measuring how much you eat. IEatWell measures how well you eat. Tell the app what you are eating for your meal. You can even add a photo. The app will rate how healthy your meal is, and then give you a reward if you are eating well.篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个帮助人们健康饮食以及保持健康的实用应用程序。篇章导读1．What do the apps Paprika and MealBoard have in common A．They can scan bar codes.B．They can let you know what you need to buy.C．They can keep a record of the meals you eat outside.D．They can tell if the food has passed the expiration dates.解析：细节理解题。根据Paprika部分中的“The app ... need to buy.”和MealBoard部分中的“MealBoard can keep a list of what food you have and what you need to buy.”可知，这两个应用程序的共同点是它们能让你知道需要买什么。故选B。答案解析2．If you eat a healthy diet, IEatWell can ________．A．give you a pictureB．give you a rewardC．provide you with recipesD．measure how much you eat解析：细节理解题。根据IEatWell部分中的“The app will ... you are eating well.”可知，如果你吃得健康，IEatWell会给你一个奖励。故选B。答案解析3．Where is the text probably taken from A．A science report. B．A cooking recipe.C．A health blog. D．A medical journal.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The good news is that there are apps to help you.”及文中三个小标题可知，本文主要介绍了几个帮助人们健康饮食以及保持健康的实用应用程序。由此可推知，这篇文章可能来自一个健康博客。故选C。答案解析B(2024·吉林省长春外国语学校高二下月考)The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonlyused to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食物对人类健康的影响，指出不良的饮食会致癌，特别是现在食品中的添加剂。篇章导读4．How has science done something harmful to mankind A．Because of science, diseases caused by polluted food have been virtually eliminated.B．It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.C．Because of the application of science, some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.D．The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In 1945 ... caused cancer. (1945年，政府研究人员意识到通常用于肉类保色的硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂会致癌。)”可知，由于科学的应用，一些有潜在危害的物质被添加到了食物中。故选C。答案解析5．The underlined word “carcinogenic” in Paragraph 2 most nearly means “________”．A．trouble making B．color retainingC．money making D．cancer causing解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“government researchers realized ... caused cancer”可知，研究者发现硝酸盐和其他食品添加剂会致癌；结合画线词前表示转折意义的Yet可知，此处是指“这些致癌的添加剂现在仍然存在于我们的食物中”，由此可推知，画线词意为“致癌的”。故选D。答案解析6．What can we know according to the passage A．Drugs are always given to animals not only for medical reasons but also for financial reasons.B．The additives in our food are only added to the food itself.C．Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives recently.D．Food may cause eighty percent of cancer in the world.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sometimes similar drugs ... for financial reasons.”可知，给动物服用药物并不总是出于医疗目的，也出于经济原因。故选A。答案解析7．What is the best possible title of the passage A．Drug and Food B．Cancer and HealthC．Food and Health D．Health and Drug解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了食物对人类健康的影响，指出不良的饮食会致癌，特别是现在食品中的添加剂。因此C项(食物和健康)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。答案解析Ⅱ 读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2024·福建省福州市延安中学高二上期末)Though I eat an apple almost every day, one month ago my doctor came to my house standing in front of me, not being kept away, due to my sudden illness.“Well Jian, I think I need to have a strong talk with you. You are overweight. Have you ever heard about Body Mass Index (指数), BMI Well, I've weighed you and measured your height and you have a BMI of 28. That is obese (肥胖的)，” said the doctor.I knew I was a little bit overweight but I didn’t think it was that bad. He added that my name means healthy in Chinese and he thought it is time that I should become healthy. There is a direct link between my health and sport. So he asked me, “How much sport do you do every week？”I told him that I go for a walk every weekend. Then he replied, “Hmm, that's not a lot. Sport and health go together. It affects your mental, physical and emotional health. For example, sport can improve your mental health, allowing your brain to think better and focus. It will help you to learn more easily. Is that clear, Jian？”“I think so. I know it would be good to be able to concentrate better at school.” I said.The doctor explained that to me from a physical point of view, sport makes us tired so it helps us to sleep better. At the same time, sport burns off the calories that we have consumed. It builds muscle and improves our circulation. Sport helps to control our cholesterol count (胆固醇指标) and this is important to stop us having a heart attack. Additionally, it also keeps our blood pressure normal and strengthens our bones.注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。The doctor's words left me lost in thought.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍“Exercising alone is hard. Why not try some team sports？” the doctor suggested.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为超重，身体健康出现了问题，在听从了医生的建议后，作者改变自己的生活方式了吗？作者加入团队运动后，有什么收获？写前导读[精彩范文]The doctor's words left me lost in thought. I realized that I needed to take my health more seriously and make some changes to my lifestyle. I started to look into different sports and exercises that I could do to improve my health. I also began to pay more attention to my diet, cutting out unhealthy foods and replacing them with healthier alternatives. I knew that it wouldn't be easy, but I was determined to make a change.答案“Exercising alone is hard. Why not try some team sports？” the doctor suggested. I thought about it for a moment and realized that he was right. I had always been hesitant to join a sports team, but I decided to give it a try. I joined a local soccer team and was surprised at how much I enjoyed it. Not only was I getting the exercise that I needed, but I was also making new friends and having fun in the process. I started to look forward to our weekly practices and games, and I could feel myself getting stronger and healthier with each passing week. Thanks to my doctor's advice, I had found a new way to improve my health and my life.答案精深阅读(2024·湖北省宜荆荆随恩高二下月考)You may have read that light coming into your eyes sets the body's clock. Similarly, food changes the clocks in tissues in your liver, muscles, and fat. Human beings developed to eat only during daylight, which lasted 12 hours. That meant we didn't eat for 12 hours a day. Sticking to that plan may help you stay healthier as well as thinner. However, it's a surprisingly bad idea to ignore breakfast, eat lunch or dinner late, eat a big bedtime snack, or eat in the middle of the night.In a study with 776 participants, people who ignored breakfast were 80 percent more likely to have obesity. People who ate lunch after 12：30 (or dinner after 21：00) were 60 percent more likely to have those extra pounds. That was true for both men and women at different ages and regardless of other factors that affect weight including your diet and exercise habits.Odd hours seem to contribute to uncontrollable eating. When you eat late at night, you tend to eat more. Perhaps driven by hormone increases, we long for sweeter, saltier food at night, research suggests. In one study, night eaters ate about 300 more calories each day.“Eating late in the day aggravates reflux, writes Jamie A．Koufman, who specializes in voice disorders and acid reflux (胃酸倒流). Many of my patients find that eating late makes them suffer more from their allergies and diabetes symptoms，” he says. “Give your stomach at least three hours to digest before sleeping，” advises Jonathan Aviv, another specialist in acid reflux.Eating breakfast late may also increase your breast cancer risk by about 17 percent for every hour you delay, according to a study of nearly 1，200 women with breast cancer in Spain, compared to more than 1，300 women who didn't develop breast cancer. If you eat late at night, another research suggests, you may up the chance of breast cancer occurrence. While researchers work out the details of how our body clocks affect digestion and their downstream effects, one point is clear: Early is better.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了太晚吃东西对身体的危害，并通过相关研究结果加以佐证。篇章导读1．What can be learned from the first paragraph A．Not eating for a half day may do good to your health.B．What you eat makes no difference to your clocks.C．Eating late may be more harmful than ignoring breakfast.D．People gain weight because of their diet and exercise habits.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Human beings developed ... as well as thinner. (人类进化到只在白天进食，白天持续12个小时。那意味着我们一天中有12个小时不吃东西。坚持这个计划可以帮助你保持健康和苗条。)”可推知，半天不吃东西可能对你的健康有好处。故选A。答案解析2．What does the underlined word “aggravates” probably mean A．Comforts. B．Worsens.C．Weakens. D．Improves.解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Many of my patients ... diabetes symptoms (我的许多病人发现，吃得晚会让他们更容易出现过敏和糖尿病症状)”可知，此处是介绍吃得晚的坏处。由此可推知，画线词所在处指吃得晚会让胃酸反流恶化，画线词意为“使恶化”。故选B。答案解析3．How is the result found in the text A．By concluding from some researches concerning eating habits.B．By summarizing the data from only one survey.C．By comparing the studies about the eating disorder.D．By experimenting on people of different ages.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In a study ... extra pounds.”、第三段中的“In one study ... each day.”以及最后一段中的“Eating breakfast late ... develop breast cancer.”可知，这些有关饮食习惯的研究都表明吃得晚对健康有害，由此可推知，文章的结论是在总结这些研究的基础上得出来的。故选A。答案解析4．Which of the following is the best title for the text A．Ignore Breakfast to Lose WeightB．Night Eaters Are Much HealthierC．Eating More Damages Body ClockD．Eating Late Is Really Bad for You解析：标题判断题。文章主要说明了太晚吃东西对身体的危害，并通过相关研究结果加以佐证。D项(吃得晚真的对你不好)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。答案解析精深阅读——好词句小练(一)热词1．_________ adv. 同样；类似地2．obesity n. _______3．______ adj. 额外的4．hormone n. ______________5．__________ v. 专门从事；专攻similarly肥胖症extra荷尔蒙；激素specialize(二)高频短语6．_______ 坚持7．______________ 不管，不顾，不理会8．long for ______9．_______ 至少10．_________ 找到(解决办法等)stick toregardless of渴望at leastwork out(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容1．He burst into ____________ (controllable) laughter at something I'd said.2．Medicines for ________ (digest)are over there; follow me, please.3．You're likely _________ (feel) anxious and pressured.uncontrollabledigestionto feel(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义4．I found it odd that he didn't show up for the meeting, since he's usually very punctual.________5．By studying hard, you can up the chance of getting a good grade in the exam. _____6．People with high blood pressure should avoid eating saltier food to maintain their health. ________奇怪的增加较咸的(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分surprise， include， occur1．Six people were killed in the accident, involving a policeman.__________2．They're studying the link between the appearance of skin cancer and the use of computer monitors. __________3．He smiled suddenly, exposing a set of amazingly white teeth. __________includingoccurrencesurprisingly(六)长难句分析Eating breakfast late may also increase your breast cancer risk by about 17 percent for every hour you delay, according to a study of nearly 1，200 women with breast cancer in Spain, compared to more than 1，300 women who didn't develop breast cancer.句意：根据一项对西班牙近1，200名乳腺癌女性的研究，与1，300多名未患乳腺癌的女性相比，每推迟一小时吃早餐可能会使你患乳腺癌的风险增加约17%。分析：主干是_________________________________；Eating breakfast late是动名词短语作______；according to ... 是介词短语作______；compared to ... 是过去分词短语作______。Eating breakfast late ... breast cancer risk主语状语状语(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子1．The elderly in rural areas often ______________ (更多地遭受……) loneliness and isolation.2．The club welcomes all new members ___________ (不管) age.(八)仿写句子Human beings developed to eat only during daylight, which lasted 12 hours.(which引导非限制性定语从句)仿写：音乐会持续了一整夜，对音乐爱好者来说真是一场盛宴。__________________________________________________________________suffer more fromregardless ofThe concert, which lasted all through the night, was a real treat for music lovers. 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking.docx Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking.pptx
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