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英语 选择性必修 第三册[RJ]
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
——Build up your vocabulary——
一、构词法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
en 在……里面；使……；进入；无，不；表示年幼，小 endurance， enthusiastic， envy， engagement， enforce
per 穿过；彻底地；整个地；小袋子 persevere， perfect， perceive， persuade， persist
ition 行为，状态，结果 expedition， competition， definition， addition， cognition
able (可)……的 miserable， capable， enable， available， suitable
二、选出适合该语境的词
1．The fire alarm caused a panic (panic/worry) in the theatre and the crowd fled in all directions．
2．Although my grandpa is retired， he is very enthusiastic (enthusiastic/concerned) about volunteer work．
3．The officer was assigned (assigned/employed) to conduct a thorough investigation into the incident．
4．The sun was sinking (sinking/falling) behind the mountains when we reached the top．
5．It took him a lot of energy (vigour/energy) to move all the items of furniture inside the house．
——Discover useful structures——
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．rugby n． 橄榄球运动
2．bat n． 球拍；蝙蝠　vi．& vt． 用球板击球；挥打；拍打
3．damp adj． 潮湿的；湿气重的
4．nephew n． 侄子；外甥
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．thorough adj． 深入的；彻底的；细致的
2．furniture n． 家具
3．bark vi．& n． (狗)吠叫；吠叫声
4．advertise vt．& vi． 公布；宣传；做广告
5．corporate adj． 公司的；法人的；社团的
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
1．cruel adj． 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruelly adv． 残酷地→cruelty n． 残忍；虐待
2．unfortunately adv． 不幸地；遗憾地；可惜地→fortunately adv． 幸运地→unfortunate adj． 不幸的；遗憾的；可惜的→fortunate adj． 幸运的
3．recreation n． 娱乐；消遣；游戏→recreational adj． 娱乐的；消遣的→recreate vt． 再现；再创造
4．guidance n． 指导；引导；导航→guide vt． 指导；指引　n． 指南；导游；向导
用现在完成进行时替换下列句子中的现在完成时
1．She has cooked dinner for the past hour．has been cooking
2．We have discussed the project for days．have been discussing
3．He has written the novel for two years now．has been writing
4．He has run around the park for exercise every morning．has been running
5．She has looked for her lost keys for an hour．has been looking
6．I have waited for your call for quite some time．have been waiting
探究一　热词
1．advertise vt．& vi． 公布；宣传；做广告(教材P41)
advertising n． 广告活动；广告业 advertisement n． 广告；启事 advertise for 为……做广告/登广告 advertise for sb/sth 公布，征聘 be advertised as ．．．被宣传为……
①If you want to attract more customers， try advertising in the local paper．
如果你要吸引更多的顾客，就试试在当地报纸登广告。
②The smells escaping from the steamers into the streets serve as the best advertisement for the restaurants．
从蒸锅飘到街上的气味是餐馆最好的广告。
③If you want to sell your product you must advertise for it．
如果你想卖掉你的产品，你就得为此登广告。
④We advertised for staff in a local newspaper．
我们在当地报纸上登广告招聘员工。
⑤The cruise was advertised as the “journey of a lifetime”．
这次航行被宣传为“一生之旅”。
单句语法填空
①It is advertised as a healthy alternative to tobacco and the best way to get rid of smoking．
②In order to promote our new product， we'll launch an advertising (advertise) campaign next month．
③If I had seen the advertisement (advertise) in time I would have applied for the job．
④We've advertised for someone to look after the garden．
翻译
⑤我听说你们学校正在网上招聘法语老师。
I heard your school was advertising for a French teacher online．
2．unfortunately adv． 不幸地；遗憾地；可惜地→fortunately adv． 幸运地→unfortunate adj． 不幸的；遗憾的；可惜的→fortunate adj． 幸运的
Unfortunately， he missed the bus and was left behind． However， it was fortunate that he found a taxi right away．
不幸的是，他错过了公交车，被落在了后面。然而，幸运的是他立刻找到了一辆出租车。
3．recreation n． 娱乐；消遣；游戏→recreational adj． 娱乐的；消遣的→recreate vt． 再现；再创造
Recreation is an important part of everyone's life， and going for a hike in the mountains is a great way to recreate and relax．
娱乐是每个人生活中重要的一部分，去山上徒步是一种很好的恢复精力和放松的方式。
4．guidance n． 指导；引导；导航→guide vt． 指导；指引　n． 指南；导游；向导
The guide provided us with valuable guidance as we explored the ancient ruins．
在探索古代遗迹时，导游为我们提供了宝贵的指导。
单句语法填空
①Unfortunately (unfortunate)， the weather was too bad for us to go out for a picnic．
②After a long day of work， I enjoy spending time on recreational (recreate) activities like reading and painting．
完成句子
③老师的指导帮助我理解了复杂的数学问题。
The teacher's guidance helped me understand the complex math problem．
探究二　现在完成进行时(复习时态)
现在完成进行时：表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去。
语法点1　用法
(1)表示过去发生并持续到现在的动作
①How long has it been snowing
雪下多久了？ (还在下雪)
②—How long have you been studying here
—I've been studying here for five years．
——你在这里学习多久了？
——我在这里学习了5年了。(未间断过)
(2)表示现在经常重复的动作
①Jack has been phoning Jane every night for the last week．
上星期杰克天天晚上给简打电话。
②We've been seeing quite a lot of each other recently．
最近我们常常见面。
(3)用于得出结论
现在完成进行时可以表示根据直接或间接的证据而得出结论：
①His eyes are red; he has been working too hard recently．
他的眼睛红了，最近他工作太努力了。
②She is very tired; she's been typing letters all day．
她很累，整天都在录入信件。
语法点2　句式
(1)现在完成进行时的肯定句
句型：主语＋have/has＋been＋现在分词 ．．．
I've been trying to find out her telephone number．
我一直在查问她的电话号码。
(2)现在完成进行时的否定句
句型：主语＋have/has＋not＋been＋现在分词 ．．．
It hasn't been working properly for three weeks．
它运作不正常已有3个星期了。
(3)现在完成进行时的一般疑问句
句型：Have/Has＋主语＋been＋现在分词 ．．．
Have you been writing books for long
你写书已经很长时间了吗？
(4)现在完成进行时的特殊疑问句
句型：疑问代词/疑问副词＋have/has＋主语＋been＋现在分词 ．．．
You've taken your time! What on earth have you been doing
你可真够慢的！你到底一直在干什么？
语法点3　现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
(1)现在完成进行时强调动作的不间断性，现在完成时强调动作的完成和影响
①He has been painting the room．
他一直在粉刷房间。(还未粉刷完)
②He has painted the room．
他已经粉刷过房间了。(已完成粉刷)
③I have been thinking it over．
我一直在考虑这件事。(还未考虑清楚)
④I have thought it over．
我已经考虑过这件事了。(影响：现在可以给回复)
(2)现在完成进行时可表示重复事件，现在完成时经常表示单个事件
①Mary has been going to the library for a year．
玛丽在一年间经常去图书馆。(重复事件)
②Mary has gone to the library．
玛丽去图书馆了。(单个事件)
　现代英语，特别是口语中，像lie (躺)，sit (坐)，stay (暂住)，wait (等候)等动词，用现在完成进行时比用现在完成时更符合习惯。 He has been sitting there studying all evening． 他整个晚上都坐在那里学习。 I've been waiting for you since morning． 我从上午就一直在等你。
(1)句型转换(根据括号内所给提示改写下列句子)
①I study English．(for three hours)
→I have been studying English for three hours．
②They clean the house． (since morning)
→They have been cleaning the house since morning．
③He writes the email． (for quite a while)
→He has been writing the email for quite a while．
④We watch the movie． (for two hours now)
→We have been watching the movie for two hours now．
(2)完成句子
①她已经练习弹钢琴两个小时了。
She has been practicing playing the piano for two hours．
②我整个下午都在画这幅风景画。
I have been painting this landscape for the entire afternoon．
③他们过去三个小时一直在山里徒步。
They have been hiking in the mountains for the past three hours．
④我们过去一个月一直在找新公寓。
We have been looking for a new apartment for the last month．
维度一　高频词汇
(一)写出下列词缀的含义及例词
1． able→(可)……的→miserable; capable
2．en →在……里面；使……→endurance; enthusiastic
3． ition→行为；状态；结果→expedition; competition
4．per →穿过；彻底地→persevere; perfect
(二)选词填空
fortunately， advertising， corporate， damp， bat
1．Right out of college I worked in a famous advertising agency．
2．The law applies to both individuals and corporate bodies．
3．I can play baseball with a ball， a bat and special gloves．
4．The damp conditions in the underground tunnel were a challenge for the rescue team， as they had to work quickly to locate the trapped miners．
5．Fortunately， the quick thinking of the firefighters and their efficient use of resources prevented the fire from spreading to other buildings．
维度二　语法运用
(三)单句语法填空
1．I have been working (work) hard on my project and am almost finished．
2．She has been practicing (practice) her piano skills every day and is getting better．
3．We have been exercising (exercise) regularly and feel more energetic．
4．I shall advertise for someone to go with me．
5．He has been studying (study) new languages and can now speak three fluently．
维度三　素养提升
(四)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．他们一直在社区中心做志愿者，并产生了积极影响。
They have been volunteering at the community center and making a positive difference．
2．我们一直在探索新地方，享受这段旅程。
We have been exploring new places and enjoying the journey．
3．她一直在写小说，真的很享受创作的过程。
She has been writing a novel and is really enjoying the creative process．
(五)翻译
1．学生们一直在参加课外活动，变得更加积极参与了。(现在完成进行时)
The students have been participating in after school activities and are becoming more involved．
2．他不会辞职，因为他不是个半途而废的人。(because引导的原因状语从句)
He won't resign because he's not a quitter．
课后课时作业
较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比70%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·黑龙江省哈尔滨市德强高级中学高二下期中)The Sierra Nevada range is incomparable in scale and magnificence． There's no better way to see it than to appreciate every spectacular view with your own hard __1__． My husband， Will， our kids (Herbie， 5 and Artley， 11) and I planned to __2__ the northern half of the John Muir trail in two weeks， which __3__ along the backbone of the High Sierra， past lakes， and through dusty pine forests．
We set __4__ before we started: this would be tough， but worth it． To get our kids more __5__， we let them have the map and decide when to stop and rest． In this way， they felt empowered． This __6__ also resulted in Herbie nearly standing on a 4 foot snake on our first day， though． __7__， it was early morning and the snake was half asleep．
For two weeks， the boys enjoyed the __8__． They built dams and bridges across streams， climbed and swam． Sometimes， they refused to carry their packs and __9__ about feet hurting． But these moments were far outweighed by extraordinary bursts of __10__ and enthusiasm—particularly when we'd been slogging (艰难前行) uphill for hours and a mountain top finally came into view， our kids even decided we needed to __11__．
By the time we finished， we had __12__ countless mosquitoes， suffered foot pain and had terrible sleep． But we were right to be __13__ about our kids' abilities． Through the __14__， they will， I hope， understand what they are truly capable of， how perseverance leads to bigger __15__ later on， and what it feels like to be encouraged and supported so that they can achieve something great．
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家人在两周内徒步走完John Muir (约翰·缪尔)步道北半段的经历，作者由此对孩子们的能力充满信心。
1．A．driving B．riding
C．running D．walking
答案：D
解析：根据上文“your own hard”和下文作者描述的具体经历，如拿地图、在溪流上建造水坝和桥梁、爬山、游泳等可知，作者一家是在山中进行徒步旅行，因此此处指通过步行去欣赏壮丽的景色。故选D。
2．A．assess B．cover
C．survey D．measure
答案：B
解析：assess评估；cover行走(一段路程)；survey调查；measure测量。根据下文“the northern half of the John Muir trail in two weeks”和作者描述的具体徒步经历可知，此处表示走完John Muir步道的北半段。故选B。
3．A．flies B．returns
C．snakes D．disappears
答案：C
解析：fly飞行；return返回；snake蜿蜒伸展；disappear消失。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词the John Muir trail作补充说明，描述的是这条步道的情况，这条步道沿着高山山脉的主干蜿蜒而行。故选C。
4．A．choices B．chances
C．situations D．expectations
答案：D
解析：根据下文“this would be tough， but worth it”可知，这次步行将是艰难但值得的，这是一家人出发前设定的期望。故选D。
5．A．involved B．encouraged
C．relieved D．convinced
答案：A
解析：根据下文“we let them have the map and decide when to stop and rest”可知，作者夫妇让孩子们自己拿地图，自己决定何时停下，何时休息，由此可推知，他们的目的是让孩子更多地参与到步行中来。故选A。
6．A．conclusion B．strategy
C．attitude D．belief
答案：B
解析：根据上文“we let them have the map and decide when to stop and rest”可知，作者夫妇让孩子们自己拿地图，自己决定何时停下，何时休息，这是一种策略。故选B。
7．A．Luckily B．Strangely
C．Casually D．Cheerfully
答案：A
解析：根据下文“it was early morning and the snake was half asleep”可知，虽然Herbie (赫比)不小心站到蛇身上，但是蛇半睡半醒，没有对Herbie造成伤害，因此是幸运的。故选A。
8．A．competition B．task
C．journey D．cooperation
答案：C
解析：根据上文作者描述的一家人在山中进行徒步可知，此处指这一次的旅行。故选C。
9．A．bothered B．inquired
C．complained D．forgot
答案：C
解析：根据上文“they refused to carry their packs”可知，徒步的过程中也有一些麻烦，孩子们拒绝背上他们的背包，根据下文“about feet hurting”可推知，他们还会抱怨脚疼。故选C。
10．A．energy B．laughter
C．trust D．interest
答案：A
解析：根据下文“enthusiasm”以及作者一家人在进行徒步旅行可推知，长时间的徒步旅行并不轻松，对生理和心理都是挑战，拥有充沛的精力和热情的人才能战胜困难。故选A。
11．A．draw off B．take over
C．help out D．push on
答案：D
解析：draw off排出；take over接收；help out帮助；push on继续前进。根据上文“But these moments ．．． and enthusiasm”和“even”可推知，此处指虽然一家人遇到了困难，但是看到山顶的时候，孩子们甚至决定继续前进。故选D。
12．A．caught B．borne
C．observed D．smoked
答案：B
解析：根据下文“countless mosquitoes， suffered foot pain and had terrible sleep”可推知，山中的环境是艰苦的，一家人需要忍受无数的蚊子。故选B。
13．A．confident B．anxious
C．serious D．disappointed
答案：A
解析：根据上文孩子们完成徒步旅行，并且在困难的时候也决定坚持，以及下文“about our kids' abilities”可推知，作者对孩子的能力充满信心。故选A。
14．A．training B．accident
C．adventure D．experiment
答案：C
解析：根据上文作者描述的徒步经历可知，这是一次冒险。故选C。
15．A．challenges B．rewards
C．honors D．responsibilities
答案：B
解析：根据上文徒步过程中，一家人通过坚持，战胜困难，看到山顶，享受到美丽的景色可推知，此处指坚持不懈会带来更大的回报。故选B。
Ⅱ　七选五
(2024·北京市丰台区高二下期中)
How to be more resilient (有适应力的)
We've all heard of IQ， and terms like EQ， which relates to our emotional intelligence， are commonly used． But have you heard of AQ __1__ It measures our ability to resist the shock when life throws us curveballs—how likely we are to crumble(崩溃) or thrive in these situations． __2__
Adverse situations can take us by surprise． In the workplace， it could be in the form of a layoff， the company we work for going under or being restructured， or even missing out on a promotion． Failed friendships and relationships， hard financial times and even loss of beloved ones are things that can occur outside of work． __3__ So how can we learn to be more resilient
Luckily， there are some steps you can take to help you be more resilient and adaptable in the face of adversity， according to Dr Shahram Heshmat， professor of health economics．
__4__ Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome， seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal． Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step—one way to help is to practise breathing exercises． Likewise， dwelling on things and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed． So see difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally． __5__ Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help．
A．First， try and find a meaningful goal．
B．Things that happen in life are not always pleasant．
C．Finally， make sure you have a good social support network．
D．However， taking a few steps to be more resilient can make them a little easier to get through．
E．AQ stands for Adversity Quotient and measures our ability to deal with the ups and downs of life．
F．Being able to handle these rough times is important not only in our personal lives but in our professional lives too．
G．It can be used to predict our attitudes， perseverance， longevity， and the ways we learn from changes in the environment．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AQ的概念，并给出了一些可以帮助你在逆境中更有适应力的方法。
1．答案：E
解析：根据上文“But have you heard of AQ？”可知，设空处应解释AQ的概念，E项(AQ 是逆境商数的缩写，用来衡量我们应对生活起伏的能力。)承接上文。故选E。
2．答案：G
解析：根据上文“It measures our ability ．．． in these situations．”可知，设空处应继续说明AQ的作用。G项(它可以用来预测我们的态度、毅力、寿命以及我们从环境变化中学习的方式。)承接上文，其中的It指代上文的AQ。故选G。
3．答案：F
解析：上文“Adverse situations ．．． outside of work．”列举了一些困难时期，设空处应说明如何应对这些时期，F项(能够应对这些艰难的时刻不仅对我们的个人生活很重要，对我们的职业生活也很重要。)承接上文，其中的these rough times对应上文中列举的困难。故选F。
4．答案：A
解析：下文“Resilient people ．．． their goal．”提到了要有目标，A项(首先，努力找到一个有意义的目标。)引出下文，其中的goal对应下文中的aim和goal。故选A。
5．答案：C
解析：下文“Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help．”提到和别人谈论我们面临的挑战有帮助，C项(最后，确保你有一个良好的社会支持网络。)引出下文。故选C。
Ⅲ　语法填空
(2024·甘肃省兰州市教育局第四片区高二下期中)May Day is not only a time for people __1__ (enjoy) a long holiday break， but also an occasion to show respect for Chinese workers who work hard and constantly devote themselves __2__ keeping the nation running and moving forward． And the farmers who help safeguard China's “rice bowls” are worthy of special __3__ (appreciate)．
Despite __4__ (have) only about nine percent of the world's arable (可耕的) land， China feeds around one fifth of the global population． As __5__ result， China has placed a high value on agricultural development __6__ rural revitalization (振兴) and has been actively promoting smart farming．
Over the last few years， significant changes have taken place in the management and marketing of agriculture in China． A new generation of farmers is using __7__ (advance) agricultural machines， agronomy (农学) technologies， artificial intelligence， 5G and the Internet of Things as __8__ (they) “farm tools”， which not only improve field management but also increase sales of agricultural products． In addition， an increasing number of farmers， __9__ are knowledgeable in digital and Internet technologies， __10__ (use) live streaming e commerce to sell local specialties online while sharing their rural life．
With joint efforts， China's agriculture is expected to have a promising future．
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________
5．________　6．________　7．________　8．________
9．________　10．________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国高度重视农业发展和乡村振兴，积极推进智慧农业。在大家的共同努力下，中国农业发展的前景一片光明。
1．答案：to enjoy
解析：考查非谓语动词。名词time后应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to enjoy。
2．答案：to
解析：考查介词。devote oneself to ．．． 是固定搭配，意为“致力于……”。故填to。
3．答案：appreciation
解析：考查词性转换。形容词special后应用名词作宾语，appreciation为不可数名词。故填appreciation。
4．答案：having
解析：考查非谓语动词。介词Despite后应用动名词作宾语。故填having。
5．答案：a
解析：考查冠词。as a result为固定搭配，意为“因此”。故填a。
6．答案：and
解析：考查连词。设空前agricultural development和设空后rural revitalization为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
7．答案：advanced
解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词machines，应用形容词advanced作定语，表示“先进的农业机械”。故填advanced。
8．答案：their
解析：考查代词。修饰名词短语farm tools，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
9．答案：who
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为farmers，指人，从句部分缺少主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
10．答案：have been using
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，将来还有可能继续持续下去，应用现在完成进行时；主语an increasing number of farmers表示复数概念，助动词应用have。故填have been using。
　精深阅读
(2024·广东省中山市第一中学高二下月考)Captain Preet Chandi set foot on a historic， though decidedly icy， trail by becoming the first African woman to reach the South Pole alone， without assistance． While others might have been content to make history with this singular accomplishment， “Polar Preet” Chandi is not one to rest on her laurels． The journey to the South Pole was merely “phase one” of a larger and even more extraordinary goal for the adventurous British Army officer．
For “phase two”， the 33 year old has set her sights on crossing Antarctica—once again doing the journey alone and unsupported to become the first woman to achieve this goal．
On November 14， Chandi departed from Hercules Inlet， an ice filled bay at the southwestern section of the Filchner Ronne Ice Shelf bordering the Weddell Sea in Antarctica． Her goal is to reach Reedy Glacier within 75 days， a coast to coast journey consisting of roughly 1，100 miles． And “roughly” is the operative (关键的) word here—she'll be pulling a sled with equipment， weighing about 264 pounds altogether， and she'll be doing so in temperatures that can sink to minus 58 degrees Fahrenheit， with wind speeds of up to 60 miles per hour．
Her journey thus far required years of training． Prior to her 700 mile South Pole journey， she prepared by attending a polar survival course in Norway． She continued her training back home in the UK by dragging tires， the closest thing to pulling a sled， and a month long practice run in Greenland． Ultimately， Chandi went on to finish her first South Pole expedition in 40 days， a full eight days ahead of schedule．
When not otherwise setting records of human endurance in extreme conditions， Chandi tries to inspire others in her day to day work．
Chandi will be posting interval voice blog updates of her phase two progress on her website， polarpreet．com， where a live tracking map will also provide her current location at every point along her journey．
“Nothing is impossible． I've always had this idea that I can achieve something great， something that allows me to be a role model，” Chandi shared on her blog．
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了第一位独自到达南极点的非裔女性Preet Chandi (普里特·泉迪)穿越南极洲的探险故事。
1．What made Chandi want to cross Antarctica
A．Sticking to a promise．
B．Trying challenging things．
C．Raising money for poor women．
D．Realizing her childhood dream．
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一、二段内容可知，Preet Chandi是一位爱冒险的人，她穿越南极洲是为了尝试有挑战性的事情。故选B。
2．Why does the author emphasize the word “roughly” as vital in Paragraph 3
A．To hide the author's bad memory of numbers．
B．To indicate there are more challenges facing Chandi．
C．To explain there is no proper word to describe the journey．
D．To show there is no official figure about the distance to Antarctica．
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“And ‘roughly’ is the operative (关键的) word here．．． with wind speeds of up to 60 miles per hour．”可知，作者强调“大约”是1，100英里，是因为除了路程外，Chandi还面临着沉重的设备、超级低温以及大风等带来的困难。由此可推知，作者这样强调是为了显示Chandi面临着更多的挑战。故选B。
3．What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A．Survival training is a hard process．
B．Chandi got trained by pulling sleds．
C．The journey to the South Pole was eventful．
D．Chandi made full preparations for her adventure．
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Prior to her 700 mile South Pole journey ．．． and a month long practice run in Greenland．”可知，Chandi在去南极前进行了大量的学习和训练。由此可推知，她为这次探险做了充分的准备工作。故选D。
4．Which words can best describe Chandi
A．Inspiring and friendly． B．Active and creative．
C．Confident and determined． D．Adventurous and modest．
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据Preet Chandi克服困难，独自一人成功抵达南极点的经历可知，她拥有着坚定的意志；再结合最后一段中的“I've always had this idea that I can achieve something great， something that allows me to be a role model”可知，她相信自己可以有所成就，由此可推知，她是自信的。故选C。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．content adj． 满足的，满意的，甘愿的
2．extraordinary adj． 异乎寻常的，令人惊奇的；非凡的，卓越的
3．consist vi． 组成，构成
4．weigh v． 有……重；称重；权衡
5．endurance n． 忍耐力；耐久力
(二)高频短语
6．set foot on 踏上；进入
7．rest on (目光等)停留在……上；依靠
8．set sights on 瞄准，把目光投向
9．depart from 离开；背离；出发
10．prior to 在……之前；优先于；此前
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．A tracking (track) map revealed the current position of the wild animal．
2．The survival (survive) course taught us valuable skills for wilderness navigation．
3．Despite his cries， no one came to his assistance (assist)．
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
4．He was back in the office， updating the work schedule on the computer．日程
5．Other students said that they could get a sense of accomplishment when they finished reading a paper book．成就
6．My parents lent me the money． Otherwise， I couldn't have afforded the trip．否则；不然
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1．She never complains， but she's obviously exhausted．decidedly
2．We must promote originality， stimulate creativity and encourage innovation．inspire
3．They live in a very select area．section
(六)长难句分析
I've always had this idea that I can achieve something great， something that allows me to be a role model．
句意：我一直有这样的想法，我可以做出一些很棒的事情，一些能够让我成为一个榜样的事情。
分析：句子主干是I've always had this idea；第一个that引导idea的同位语从句，而something that ．．． 是something great的同位语；第二个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词something，并在从句中作主语。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．You'll be content to admire (满足于欣赏) the mountains from below．
2．We can't rest on (停留在) the past achievements．
(八)仿写句子
Her goal is to reach Reedy Glacier within 75 days， a coast to coast journey consisting of roughly 1，100 miles． (不定式(短语)作表语)
仿写：我目前的工作之一是分发奖品。
One of my current jobs is to hand out the prizes．
17(共84张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
单元主题：人与自然——逆境与勇气
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
——Build up your vocabulary——
一、构词法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
en __________；______；进入；无，不；表示年幼，小 _________， enthusiastic，
envy， engagement， enforce
per ______；_______；整个地；小袋子 ________， perfect， perceive， persuade， persist
ition __________________ _________， competition， definition， addition， cognition
able __________ ________， capable， enable， available， suitable
在……里面
使……
穿过
彻底地
endurance
persevere
行为，状态，结果
expedition
(可)……的
miserable
二、选出适合该语境的词
1．The fire alarm caused a _____ (panic/worry) in the theatre and the crowd fled in all directions．
2．Although my grandpa is retired， he is very ___________(enthusiastic/ concerned) about volunteer work．
3．The officer was ________(assigned/employed) to conduct a thorough investigation into the incident．
4．The sun was _______ (sinking/falling) behind the mountains when we reached the top．
5．It took him a lot of ______ (vigour/energy) to move all the items of furniture inside the house．
panic
enthusiastic
assigned
sinking
energy
WELCOME UNIT
——Discover useful structures——
预习检测 词汇打卡
自主学习 课时语法
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业
5
预习检测 词汇打卡
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
1．rugby n． ___________
2．bat n． ___________　vi．& vt． _______________________
3．damp adj． _________________
4．nephew n． ___________
橄榄球运动
球拍；蝙蝠
用球板击球；挥打；拍打
潮湿的；湿气重的
侄子；外甥
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．________ adj． 深入的；彻底的；细致的
2．________ n． 家具
3．_____ vi．& n． (狗)吠叫；吠叫声
4．_________ vt．& vi． 公布；宣传；做广告
5．_________ adj． 公司的；法人的；社团的
thorough
furniture
bark
advertise
corporate
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
1．cruel adj． 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→______ adv． 残酷地→______n． 残忍；虐待
2．unfortunately adv． 不幸地；遗憾地；可惜地→___________ adv． 幸运地→___________ adj． 不幸的；遗憾的；可惜的→ _________ adj． 幸运的
3．recreation n． 娱乐；消遣；游戏→ ____________ adj． 娱乐的；消遣的→ ________ vt． 再现；再创造
4．guidance n． 指导；引导；导航→______ vt． 指导；指引　n． 指南；导游；向导
cruelly
cruelty
fortunately
unfortunate
fortunate
recreational
recreate
guide
自主学习 课时语法
用现在完成进行时替换下列句子中的现在完成时
1．She has cooked dinner for the past hour． _______________
2．We have discussed the project for days． _________________
3．He has written the novel for two years now． ______________
4．He has run around the park for exercise every morning． ______________
5．She has looked for her lost keys for an hour． ______________
6．I have waited for your call for quite some time． _______________
has been cooking
have been discussing
has been writing
has been running
has been looking
have been waiting
合作探究 课时重点
探究一　热词
1．advertise vt．& vi． 公布；宣传；做广告(教材P41)
advertising n． 广告活动；广告业
advertisement n． 广告；启事
advertise for 为……做广告/登广告
advertise for sb/sth 公布，征聘
be advertised as …被宣传为……
①If you want to attract more customers， try advertising in the local paper．
如果你要吸引更多的顾客，就试试在当地报纸登广告。
②The smells escaping from the steamers into the streets serve as the best advertisement for the restaurants．
从蒸锅飘到街上的气味是餐馆最好的广告。
③If you want to sell your product you must advertise for it．
如果你想卖掉你的产品，你就得为此登广告。
④We advertised for staff in a local newspaper．
我们在当地报纸上登广告招聘员工。
⑤The cruise was advertised as the “journey of a lifetime”．
这次航行被宣传为“一生之旅”。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①It is advertised ____ a healthy alternative to tobacco and the best way to get rid of smoking．
②In order to promote our new product， we'll launch an __________ (advertise) campaign next month．
③If I had seen the _____________ (advertise) in time I would have applied for the job．
④We've advertised ____ someone to look after the garden．
【学会表达】翻译
⑤我听说你们学校正在网上招聘法语老师。
____________________________________________________
as
advertising
advertisement
for
I heard your school was advertising for a French teacher online．
2．unfortunately adv． 不幸地；遗憾地；可惜地→___________ adv． 幸运地→____________ adj． 不幸的；遗憾的；可惜的→__________ adj． 幸运的
Unfortunately， he missed the bus and was left behind． However， it was fortunate that he found a taxi right away．
不幸的是，他错过了公交车，被落在了后面。然而，幸运的是他立刻找到了一辆出租车。
fortunately
unfortunate
fortunate
3．recreation n． 娱乐；消遣；游戏→____________ adj． 娱乐的；消遣的→_________ vt． 再现；再创造
Recreation is an important part of everyone's life， and going for a hike in the mountains is a great way to recreate and relax．
娱乐是每个人生活中重要的一部分，去山上徒步是一种很好的恢复精力和放松的方式。
recreational
recreate
4．guidance n． 指导；引导；导航→______vt． 指导；指引　n． 指南；导游；向导
The guide provided us with valuable guidance as we explored the ancient ruins．
在探索古代遗迹时，导游为我们提供了宝贵的指导。
guide
【学会运用】单句语法填空
① ______________ (unfortunate)， the weather was too bad for us to go out for a picnic．
②After a long day of work， I enjoy spending time on ____________ (recreate) activities like reading and painting．
【学会表达】完成句子
③老师的指导帮助我理解了复杂的数学问题。
___________________________________________ the complex math problem．
Unfortunately
recreational
The teacher's guidance helped me understand
探究二　现在完成进行时(复习时态)
(1)表示过去发生并持续到现在的动作
①How long has it been snowing
雪下多久了 (还在下雪)
②—How long have you been studying here
—I've been studying here for five years．
——你在这里学习多久了
——我在这里学习了5年了。(未间断过)
语法点1　用法
现在完成进行时：表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要继续下去。
(2)表示现在经常重复的动作
①Jack has been phoning Jane every night for the last week．
上星期杰克天天晚上给简打电话。
②We've been seeing quite a lot of each other recently．
最近我们常常见面。
(3)用于得出结论
现在完成进行时可以表示根据直接或间接的证据而得出结论：
①His eyes are red; he has been working too hard recently．
他的眼睛红了，最近他工作太努力了。
②She is very tired; she's been typing letters all day．
她很累，整天都在录入信件。
(1)现在完成进行时的肯定句
句型：主语＋have/has＋been＋现在分词 …
I've been trying to find out her telephone number．
我一直在查问她的电话号码。
(2)现在完成进行时的否定句
句型：主语＋have/has＋not＋been＋现在分词 …
It hasn't been working properly for three weeks．
它运作不正常已有3个星期了。
语法点2　句式
(3)现在完成进行时的一般疑问句
句型：Have/Has＋主语＋been＋现在分词 …
Have you been writing books for long
你写书已经很长时间了吗
(4)现在完成进行时的特殊疑问句
句型：疑问代词/疑问副词＋have/has＋主语＋been＋现在分词 …
You've taken your time! What on earth have you been doing
你可真够慢的！你到底一直在干什么
(1)现在完成进行时强调动作的不间断性，现在完成时强调动作的完成和影响
①He has been painting the room．
他一直在粉刷房间。(还未粉刷完)
②He has painted the room．
他已经粉刷过房间了。(已完成粉刷)
③I have been thinking it over．
我一直在考虑这件事。(还未考虑清楚)
语法点3　现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
④I have thought it over．
我已经考虑过这件事了。(影响：现在可以给回复)
(2)现在完成进行时可表示重复事件，现在完成时经常表示单个事件
①Mary has been going to the library for a year．
玛丽在一年间经常去图书馆。(重复事件)
②Mary has gone to the library．
玛丽去图书馆了。(单个事件)
现代英语，特别是口语中，像lie (躺)，sit (坐)，stay (暂住)，wait (等候)等动词，用现在完成进行时比用现在完成时更符合习惯。
He has been sitting there studying all evening．
他整个晚上都坐在那里学习。
I've been waiting for you since morning．
我从上午就一直在等你。
(1)句型转换(根据括号内所给提示改写下列句子)
①I study English．(for three hours)
→______________________________________
②They clean the house． (since morning)
→ __________________________________________
③He writes the email． (for quite a while)
→ ________________________________________
④We watch the movie． (for two hours now)
→ ____________________________________________
I have been studying English for three hours．
They have been cleaning the house since morning．
He has been writing the email for quite a while．
We have been watching the movie for two hours now．
(2)完成句子
①她已经练习弹钢琴两个小时了。
She _______________________________ for two hours．
②我整个下午都在画这幅风景画。
I ________________ this landscape for the entire afternoon．
③他们过去三个小时一直在山里徒步。
They _______________ in the mountains for the past three hours．
④我们过去一个月一直在找新公寓。
We ___________________ a new apartment for the last month．
has been practicing playing the piano
have been painting
have been hiking
have been looking for
对点练习 巩固所学
维度一　高频词汇
(一)写出下列词缀的含义及例词
1． able →____________ → _________ ；_________
2．en →______________________→ ___________ ；__________
3． ition →____________________ → ___________ ；___________
4．per →_______________→__________ ；________
(可) ……的
miserable
在……里面；使……
endurance
行为；状态；结果
expedition
穿过；彻底地
persevere
capable
enthusiastic
competition
perfect
(二)选词填空
1．Right out of college I worked in a famous ___________ agency．
2．The law applies to both individuals and __________ bodies．
3．I can play baseball with a ball， a _____ and special gloves．
4．The _______ conditions in the underground tunnel were a challenge for the rescue team， as they had to work quickly to locate the trapped miners．
5．___________， the quick thinking of the firefighters and their efficient use of resources prevented the fire from spreading to other buildings．
advertising
fortunately， advertising， corporate， damp， bat
corporate
bat
damp
Fortunately
维度二　语法运用
(三)单句语法填空
1．I __________________ (work) hard on my project and am almost finished．
2．She ___________________ (practice) her piano skills every day and is getting better．
3．We ____________________ (exercise) regularly and feel more energetic．
4．I shall advertise ____ someone to go with me．
5．He ________________ (study) new languages and can now speak three fluently．
have been working
has been practicing
have been exercising
for
has been studying
维度三　素养提升
(四)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．他们一直在社区中心做志愿者，并产生了积极影响。
____________________________ at the community center and making a positive difference．
2．我们一直在探索新地方，享受这段旅程。
_______________________ new places and enjoying the journey．
3．她一直在写小说，真的很享受创作的过程。
___________________________ and is really enjoying the creative process．
They have been volunteering
We have been exploring
She has been writing a novel
(五)翻译
1．学生们一直在参加课外活动，变得更加积极参与了。(现在完成进行时)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2．他不会辞职，因为他不是个半途而废的人。(because引导的原因状语从句)
_______________________________________
The students have been participating in after school activities and are becoming more involved．
He won't resign because he's not a quitter．
课后课时作业
较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比70%)　拔高题(占比0%)
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·黑龙江省哈尔滨市德强高级中学高二下期中)The Sierra Nevada range is incomparable in scale and magnificence． There's no better way to see it than to appreciate every spectacular view with your own hard __1__． My husband， Will， our kids (Herbie， 5 and Artley， 11) and I planned to __2__ the northern half of the John Muir trail in two weeks， which __3__ along the backbone of the High Sierra， past lakes， and through dusty pine forests．
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★★ ★
We set __4__ before we started: this would be tough， but worth it． To get our kids more __5__， we let them have the map and decide when to stop and rest． In this way， they felt empowered． This __6__ also resulted in Herbie nearly standing on a 4 foot snake on our first day， though． __7__， it was early morning and the snake was half asleep．
For two weeks， the boys enjoyed the __8__． They built dams and bridges across streams， climbed and swam． Sometimes， they refused to carry their packs and __9__ about feet hurting． But these moments were far outweighed by extraordinary bursts of __10__ and enthusiasm—particularly when we'd been slogging (艰难前行) uphill for hours and a mountain top finally came into view， our kids even decided we needed to __11__．
By the time we finished， we had __12__ countless mosquitoes， suffered foot pain and had terrible sleep． But we were right to be __13__ about our kids' abilities． Through the __14__， they will， I hope， understand what they are truly capable of， how perseverance leads to bigger __15__ later on， and what it feels like to be encouraged and supported so that they can achieve something great．
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家人在两周内徒步走完John Muir (约翰·缪尔)步道北半段的经历，作者由此对孩子们的能力充满信心。
篇章导读
1．A．driving B．riding
C．running D．walking
解析：根据上文“your own hard”和下文作者描述的具体经历，如拿地图、在溪流上建造水坝和桥梁、爬山、游泳等可知，作者一家是在山中进行徒步旅行，因此此处指通过步行去欣赏壮丽的景色。故选D。
答案
解析
2．A．assess B．cover
C．survey D．measure
解析：assess评估；cover行走(一段路程)；survey调查；measure测量。根据下文“the northern half of the John Muir trail in two weeks”和作者描述的具体徒步经历可知，此处表示走完John Muir步道的北半段。故选B。
答案
解析
3．A．flies B．returns
C．snakes D．disappears
解析：fly飞行；return返回；snake蜿蜒伸展；disappear消失。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词the John Muir trail作补充说明，描述的是这条步道的情况，这条步道沿着高山山脉的主干蜿蜒而行。故选C。
答案
解析
4．A．choices B．chances
C．situations D．expectations
解析：根据下文“this would be tough， but worth it”可知，这次步行将是艰难但值得的，这是一家人出发前设定的期望。故选D。
答案
解析
5．A．involved B．encouraged
C．relieved D．convinced
解析：根据下文“we let them have the map and decide when to stop and rest”可知，作者夫妇让孩子们自己拿地图，自己决定何时停下，何时休息，由此可推知，他们的目的是让孩子更多地参与到步行中来。故选A。
答案
解析
6．A．conclusion B．strategy
C．attitude D．belief
解析：根据上文“we let them have the map and decide when to stop and rest”可知，作者夫妇让孩子们自己拿地图，自己决定何时停下，何时休息，这是一种策略。故选B。
答案
解析
7．A．Luckily B．Strangely
C．Casually D．Cheerfully
解析：根据下文“it was early morning and the snake was half asleep”可知，虽然Herbie (赫比)不小心站到蛇身上，但是蛇半睡半醒，没有对Herbie造成伤害，因此是幸运的。故选A。
答案
解析
8．A．competition B．task
C．journey D．cooperation
解析：根据上文作者描述的一家人在山中进行徒步可知，此处指这一次的旅行。故选C。
答案
解析
9．A．bothered B．inquired
C．complained D．forgot
解析：根据上文“they refused to carry their packs”可知，徒步的过程中也有一些麻烦，孩子们拒绝背上他们的背包，根据下文“about feet hurting”可推知，他们还会抱怨脚疼。故选C。
答案
解析
10．A．energy B．laughter
C．trust D．interest
解析：根据下文“enthusiasm”以及作者一家人在进行徒步旅行可推知，长时间的徒步旅行并不轻松，对生理和心理都是挑战，拥有充沛的精力和热情的人才能战胜困难。故选A。
答案
解析
11．A．draw off B．take over
C．help out D．push on
解析：draw off排出；take over接收；help out帮助；push on继续前进。根据上文“But these moments … and enthusiasm”和“even”可推知，此处指虽然一家人遇到了困难，但是看到山顶的时候，孩子们甚至决定继续前进。故选D。
答案
解析
12．A．caught B．borne
C．observed D．smoked
解析：根据下文“countless mosquitoes， suffered foot pain and had terrible sleep”可推知，山中的环境是艰苦的，一家人需要忍受无数的蚊子。故选B。
答案
解析
13．A．confident B．anxious
C．serious D．disappointed
解析：根据上文孩子们完成徒步旅行，并且在困难的时候也决定坚持，以及下文“about our kids' abilities”可推知，作者对孩子的能力充满信心。故选A。
答案
解析
14．A．training B．accident
C．adventure D．experiment
解析：根据上文作者描述的徒步经历可知，这是一次冒险。故选C。
答案
解析
15．A．challenges B．rewards
C．honors D．responsibilities
解析：根据上文徒步过程中，一家人通过坚持，战胜困难，看到山顶，享受到美丽的景色可推知，此处指坚持不懈会带来更大的回报。故选B。
答案
解析
Ⅱ　七选五
(2024·北京市丰台区高二下期中)
How to be more resilient (有适应力的)
We've all heard of IQ， and terms like EQ， which relates to our emotional intelligence， are commonly used． But have you heard of AQ __1__ It measures our ability to resist the shock when life throws us curveballs—how likely we are to crumble(崩溃) or thrive in these situations． __2__
Adverse situations can take us by surprise． In the workplace， it could be in the form of a layoff， the company we work for going under or being restructured， or even missing out on a promotion． Failed friendships and relationships， hard financial times and even loss of beloved ones are things that can occur outside of work． __3__ So how can we learn to be more resilient
Luckily， there are some steps you can take to help you be more resilient and adaptable in the face of adversity， according to Dr Shahram Heshmat， professor of health economics．
__4__ Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome， seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal． Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step—one way to help is to practise breathing exercises． Likewise， dwelling on things and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed． So see difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally． __5__ Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help．
A．First， try and find a meaningful goal．
B．Things that happen in life are not always pleasant．
C．Finally， make sure you have a good social support network．
D．However， taking a few steps to be more resilient can make them a little easier to get through．
E．AQ stands for Adversity Quotient and measures our ability to deal with the ups and downs of life．
F．Being able to handle these rough times is important not only in our personal lives but in our professional lives too．
G．It can be used to predict our attitudes， perseverance， longevity， and the ways we learn from changes in the environment．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AQ的概念，并给出了一些可以帮助你在逆境中更有适应力的方法。
篇章导读
1．答案： E
解析：根据上文“But have you heard of AQ？”可知，设空处应解释AQ的概念，E项(AQ 是逆境商数的缩写，用来衡量我们应对生活起伏的能力。)承接上文。故选E。
答案
解析
2．答案： G
解析：根据上文“It measures our ability … in these situations．”可知，设空处应继续说明AQ的作用。G项(它可以用来预测我们的态度、毅力、寿命以及我们从环境变化中学习的方式。)承接上文，其中的It指代上文的AQ。故选G。
3．答案： F
解析：上文“Adverse situations … outside of work．”列举了一些困难时期，设空处应说明如何应对这些时期，F项(能够应对这些艰难的时刻不仅对我们的个人生活很重要，对我们的职业生活也很重要。)承接上文，其中的these rough times对应上文中列举的困难。故选F。
答案
解析
4．答案： A
解析：下文“Resilient people … their goal．”提到了要有目标，A项(首先，努力找到一个有意义的目标。)引出下文，其中的goal对应下文中的aim和goal。故选A。
5．答案： C
解析：下文“Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help．”提到和别人谈论我们面临的挑战有帮助，C项(最后，确保你有一个良好的社会支持网络。)引出下文。故选C。
答案
解析
Ⅲ　语法填空
(2024·甘肃省兰州市教育局第四片区高二下期中)May Day is not only a time for people __1__ (enjoy) a long holiday break， but also an occasion to show respect for Chinese workers who work hard and constantly devote themselves __2__ keeping the nation running and moving forward． And the farmers who help safeguard China's “rice bowls” are worthy of special __3__ (appreciate)．
Despite __4__ (have) only about nine percent of the world's arable (可耕的) land， China feeds around one fifth of the global population． As __5__ result， China has placed a high value on agricultural development __6__ rural revitalization (振兴) and has been actively promoting smart farming．
Over the last few years， significant changes have taken place in the management and marketing of agriculture in China． A new generation of farmers is using __7__ (advance) agricultural machines， agronomy (农学) technologies， artificial intelligence， 5G and the Internet of Things as __8__ (they) “farm tools”， which not only improve field management but also increase sales of agricultural products． In addition， an increasing number of farmers， __9__ are knowledgeable in digital and Internet technologies， __10__ (use) live streaming e commerce to sell local specialties online while sharing their rural life．
With joint efforts， China's agriculture is expected to have a promising future．
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________5．________
6．________　7．________　8．________9．________　10．________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国高度重视农业发展和乡村振兴，积极推进智慧农业。在大家的共同努力下，中国农业发展的前景一片光明。
篇章导读
1．答案： to enjoy
解析：考查非谓语动词。名词time后应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to enjoy。
答案
解析
2．答案： to
解析：考查介词。devote oneself to … 是固定搭配，意为“致力于……”。故填to。
3．答案： appreciation
解析：考查词性转换。形容词special后应用名词作宾语，appreciation为不可数名词。故填appreciation。
答案
解析
4．答案： having
解析：考查非谓语动词。介词Despite后应用动名词作宾语。故填having。
5．答案： a
解析：考查冠词。as a result为固定搭配，意为“因此”。故填a。
答案
解析
6．答案： and
解析：考查连词。设空前agricultural development和设空后rural revitalization为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
7．答案： advanced
解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词machines，应用形容词advanced作定语，表示“先进的农业机械”。故填advanced。
答案
解析
8．答案： their
解析：考查代词。修饰名词短语farm tools，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
9．答案： who
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为farmers，指人，从句部分缺少主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
答案
解析
10．答案： have been using
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，将来还有可能继续持续下去，应用现在完成进行时；主语an increasing number of farmers表示复数概念，助动词应用have。故填have been using。
(2024·广东省中山市第一中学高二下月考)Captain Preet Chandi set foot on a historic， though decidedly icy， trail by becoming the first African woman to reach the South Pole alone， without assistance． While others might have been content to make history with this singular accomplishment， “Polar Preet” Chandi is not one to rest on her laurels． The journey to the South Pole was merely “phase one” of a larger and even more extraordinary goal for the adventurous British Army officer．
精深阅读
For “phase two”， the 33 year old has set her sights on crossing Antarctica—once again doing the journey alone and unsupported to become the first woman to achieve this goal．
On November 14， Chandi departed from Hercules Inlet， an ice filled bay at the southwestern section of the Filchner Ronne Ice Shelf bordering the Weddell Sea in Antarctica． Her goal is to reach Reedy Glacier within 75 days， a coast to coast journey consisting of roughly 1，100 miles． And “roughly” is the operative (关键的) word here—she'll be pulling a sled with equipment， weighing about 264 pounds altogether， and she'll be doing so in temperatures that can sink to minus 58 degrees Fahrenheit， with wind speeds of up to 60 miles per hour．
Her journey thus far required years of training． Prior to her 700 mile South Pole journey， she prepared by attending a polar survival course in Norway． She continued her training back home in the UK by dragging tires， the closest thing to pulling a sled， and a month long practice run in Greenland． Ultimately， Chandi went on to finish her first South Pole expedition in 40 days， a full eight days ahead of schedule．
When not otherwise setting records of human endurance in extreme conditions， Chandi tries to inspire others in her day to day work．
Chandi will be posting interval voice blog updates of her phase two progress on her website， polarpreet．com， where a live tracking map will also provide her current location at every point along her journey．
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了第一位独自到达南极点的非裔女性Preet Chandi (普里特·泉迪)穿越南极洲的探险故事。
篇章导读
“Nothing is impossible． I've always had this idea that I can achieve something great， something that allows me to be a role model，” Chandi shared on her blog．
1．What made Chandi want to cross Antarctica
A．Sticking to a promise．
B．Trying challenging things．
C．Raising money for poor women．
D．Realizing her childhood dream．
解析：细节理解题。根据第一、二段内容可知，Preet Chandi是一位爱冒险的人，她穿越南极洲是为了尝试有挑战性的事情。故选B。
答案
解析
2．Why does the author emphasize the word “roughly” as vital in Paragraph 3
A．To hide the author's bad memory of numbers．
B．To indicate there are more challenges facing Chandi．
C．To explain there is no proper word to describe the journey．
D．To show there is no official figure about the distance to Antarctica．
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“And ‘roughly’ is the operative (关键的) word here… with wind speeds of up to 60 miles per hour．”可知，作者强调“大约”是1，100英里，是因为除了路程外，Chandi还面临着沉重的设备、超级低温以及大风等带来的困难。由此可推知，作者这样强调是为了显示Chandi面临着更多的挑战。故选B。
答案
解析
3．What can we infer from Paragraph 4
A．Survival training is a hard process．
B．Chandi got trained by pulling sleds．
C．The journey to the South Pole was eventful．
D．Chandi made full preparations for her adventure．
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Prior to her 700 mile South Pole journey… and a month long practice run in Greenland．”可知，Chandi在去南极前进行了大量的学习和训练。由此可推知，她为这次探险做了充分的准备工作。故选D。
答案
解析
4．Which words can best describe Chandi
A．Inspiring and friendly． B．Active and creative．
C．Confident and determined． D．Adventurous and modest．
解析：推理判断题。根据Preet Chandi克服困难，独自一人成功抵达南极点的经历可知，她拥有着坚定的意志；再结合最后一段中的“I've always had this idea that I can achieve something great， something that allows me to be a role model”可知，她相信自己可以有所成就，由此可推知，她是自信的。故选C。
答案
解析
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1． ________ adj． 满足的，满意的，甘愿的
2． _____________ adj． 异乎寻常的，令人惊奇的；非凡的，卓越的
3． ________ vi． 组成，构成
4． _______ v． 有……重；称重；权衡
5．endurance n． _________________
content
extraordinary
consist
weigh
忍耐力；耐久力
(二)高频短语
6．___________ 踏上；进入
7．________ (目光等)停留在……上；依靠
8．set sights on ____________________
9．____________ 离开；背离；出发
10．_________ 在……之前；优先于；此前
set foot on
rest on
瞄准，把目光投向
depart from
prior to
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．A _________ (track) map revealed the current position of the wild animal．
2．The _________ (survive) course taught us valuable skills for wilderness navigation．
3．Despite his cries， no one came to his ___________ (assist)．
tracking
survival
assistance
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
4．He was back in the office， updating the work schedule on the computer．_____
5．Other students said that they could get a sense of accomplishment when they finished reading a paper book．______
6．My parents lent me the money． Otherwise， I couldn't have afforded the trip．_____________
日程
成就
否则；不然
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1．She never complains， but she's obviously exhausted．__________
2．We must promote originality， stimulate creativity and encourage innovation．
________
3．They live in a very select area．________
decidedly
inspire
section
(六)长难句分析
I've always had this idea that I can achieve something great， something that allows me to be a role model．
句意：我一直有这样的想法，我可以做出一些很棒的事情，一些能够让我成为一个榜样的事情。
分析：句子主干是________________________；第一个that引导idea的_________从句，而something that… 是something great的_________；第二个that引导_______从句，修饰先行词___________，并在从句中作_______。
I've always had this idea
同位语
同位语
定语
something
主语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．You'll ____________________ (满足于欣赏) the mountains from below．
2．We can't ________ (停留在) the past achievements．
(八)仿写句子
Her goal is to reach Reedy Glacier within 75 days， a coast to coast journey consisting of roughly 1，100 miles． (不定式(短语)作表语)
仿写：我目前的工作之一是分发奖品。
______________________________________________
be content to admire
rest on
One of my current jobs is to hand out the prizes．

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