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英语　选择性必修·第四册［RJ］
Section Ⅲ　Using Language & Assessing Your Progress
——Listening and Speaking——
一、听力微技能1——科技前瞻介绍类
科技前瞻介绍类听力材料通常涉及最新的科技发展，这些话题专业性较强，可能会包含一些特定的科技词汇和概念，如人工智能、互联网、物联网等。以下是一些具体的提升策略，帮助你更有效地理解科技前瞻介绍类文章：
1．积累专业词汇
熟悉与科学技术相关的词汇，如智能科技类(robot， automation， artificial intelligence等)，互联网与信息技术类(Internet， network， online， software， upload/download等)，能源与可持续发展类(energy， green， renewable energy， solar energy等)。
2．储备背景知识
阅读科技新闻、科普文章，关注科技动态，了解当下热门的科技话题，这样能积累一定的背景知识，有助于听力材料的理解。
3．培养逻辑分析能力和信息整合能力
科技前瞻类材料内容逻辑性强，应理清其中的因果关系、对比关系等，将听到的分散的科技信息整合起来，形成完整的概念，以促进对某个科技现象的全面理解。
听力文本：
Good morning， my topic is what new technology can bring us． As we all know， we are now in the twenty first century which is the new technology century． In my opinion， there are three advantages that new technology can bring us． Firstly， most countries are developing faster and faster with the help of new technology． The Internet is a new technology． What does that bring us It makes the world smaller and smaller． Secondly， human beings can benefit greatly from new technology． Some people are suffering from strange diseases and they cannot help themselves and even the doctors around them cannot help them． But people can talk about their problems on the Internet and then famous doctors and some warm hearted people from all over the world may help them． The third advantage I think， is that new technology helps to protect our earth and save it from being polluted more and more seriously． All in all， we must do our best to develop new technology and make full use of it．
Q：1．What can be known about new technology
A．It helps all the countries develop faster．
B．It helps to protect the environment．
C．It helps people get sick less frequently．
2．What is the speaker mainly talking about
A．The development of new technology．
B．The disadvantages of new technology．
C．The benefits of new technology．
3．What can new technology bring the patients from the speech
A．Protecting them from strange diseases．
B．Asking for help all over the world．
C．Curing them of their illnesses．
第1小题询问关于新的科技的相关信息。根据“The third advantage ．．． more and more seriously．”可知，新的科技能帮助保护环境。故选B。
第2小题询问文章的主要内容。根据“In my opinion， there are three advantages ．．． more and more seriously．”可知，本文主要讨论了“科技的优势”，C项中的“benefits”与短文中的“advantages”同义。故选C。
第3小题询问新的科技可以为病人带来什么。根据文中关于远程诊疗援助的介绍“But people can talk about ．．． may help them．”可知，患者可以通过互联网寻求来自全球任何地方的诊疗援助。故选B。
二、话题口语表达(开放型)
1．How do you understand the speaker's words？Do you agree with him/her
2．How do you think technology and AI will further influence the world
——Reading for Writing——
一、阅读单词及词块：写出汉语含义
1．pros and cons 事物的利与弊；支持与反对
2．inaction n． 无行动；不采取措施
3．leather n． 皮革　[pl．] 皮衣；皮外套
4．lever n． 操纵杆；杠杆
5．panel n． 控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
6．inch n． 英寸(长度单位，等于2．54厘米)
7．niece n． 侄女；外甥女
8．handkerchief n． 手帕；纸巾
9．lamp n． 灯；台灯
10．puff n． (烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息
11．jolt n． 震动；摇晃；颠簸　vt．& vi． (使)震动；摇晃
12．flip vt．& vi． (使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛
13．stun vt． 使震惊；使昏迷
14．mud n． 泥；泥浆
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．superior adj． 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的
2．labour n． 劳动(者)；体力劳动　vi． 奋斗；努力工作
3．backwards adv． 向后；倒着；往回
4．fetch vt． (去)拿来；(去)请来
5．pace n． 速度；步伐；节奏　vt．& vi． 确定速度；调整节奏
6．urge n． 强烈的欲望；冲动　vt． 催促；力劝；大力推荐
7．random adj． 随机的；不可思议的
8．maximum adj． 最大极限的　n． 最大量；最大限度
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
1．blurred adj． 模糊不清的；难以区分的→blur v． (使)变得模糊不清；(使)视线模糊
2．hazy adj． 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的→haze n． (烟尘等的)烟雾；薄雾；迷糊；迷蒙
3．division n． 分开；分隔；差异；除(法)；部门→divide v． (使)分开；分成……；分；除以
4．explode vi．& vt． 爆炸；爆破→explosion n． 爆炸；爆破；爆裂(声)→explosive adj． 易爆炸的；可能引起爆炸的→explosively adv． 爆发地；爆炸性地；迅猛地
5．overstatement n． 夸大；夸张→overstate vt． 夸大；夸张
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
grip 熟义：vt．& vi．紧握；抓紧
生义：n． 理解；了解
五、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹
2．take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
3．conflict with 与……冲突或抵触
4．turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
5．fall away (逐渐)减少；消失
6．have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事
课文三维剖析
THE TIME MACHINE(Adapted)
时间机器(改编版)
It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career1． I gave it a last check， and sat myself in the leather seat． I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again． Looking around2， I saw my laboratory exactly as before． Had anything happened I thought my mind had tricked me． Then I saw the clock． A moment before， it was a minute or so past ten; now it was nearly half past three! 1强调句，强调时间状语at ten o'clock today 2现在分词短语作伴随状语
上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。我最后检查了一遍机器，然后坐在皮椅上。我把主面板上的启动杆往前推了一英寸，然后又立刻向后拉。环顾四周，我看到实验室与以前一模一样。发生什么事了吗？我以为我的大脑欺骗了我。然后我看了下时钟。片刻之前，大概是十点零一分，而现在已经快三点半了！
I drew a breath， gripped the lever and pushed it forwards． The laboratory went hazy around me． My niece came in to fetch something， maybe her handkerchief， apparently without seeing me． It probably took her a minute， but to me she moved like a rocket! I pushed the lever further． Night came as if3 a lamp was being turned out， and in another moment came the day4． Tomorrow night came， then skipped to day， again and again， faster and faster still． 3引导方式状语从句 4介词短语前置引起的全部倒装句；主语是the day，谓语是came，介词短语in another moment作时间状语
我吸了一口气，一把抓住操纵杆，往前推了一下。实验室在我身边变得模糊不清。我的侄女进来拿东西，也许是拿她的手帕，但她显然没看见我。她大约花了一分钟时间，但在我看来，她的动作快如火箭！我把操纵杆再往前推了下。夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。第二天夜晚降临，接着又跃进到白天。如此反复，越来越快。
It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling5． It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road． As6 my pace grew faster， the walls of the laboratory fell away， and I was left in the open air． The sun and moon looked as if7 they were being thrown across the sky， but8 soon there was division between night and day． Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke; they grew， spread， and died in moments． I saw huge buildings rise up， then disappear like in a dream． The whole surface of the earth was being changed， melting and flowing before my eyes． I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute． 5 It是形式主语，不定式短语to explain ．．． time travelling作真正的主语 6引导时间状语从句 7引导表语从句 8连接表示转折关系的并列句
时间旅行带来的陌生感和不适感是难以解释的。我感到我好像坐在一部汽车里，飞驰在蜿蜒的道路上。我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁随之坍塌，我置身野外。太阳和月亮看起来似乎正被抛向天空，但是很快就有了昼夜之分。环顾四周，我看到树木似青烟升起，不断生长，变得枝繁叶茂，片刻之后枯亡。我看到大楼拔地而起，继而消逝，犹如梦中。地球的整个表面都在变化，在我的眼前熔化、流动。我估算我一分钟要穿越数百年的时间。
I had a strong urge to look at the random things that9 were being flashed before my eyes! I had thought about the risk of stopping the Time Machine many times． So long as10 I travelled at maximum speed， it didn't matter． But if11 I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else， we would be forced together and explode like a bomb! Like an impatient fool， I pulled the lever backwards hard． With a sudden jolt， the Time Machine was flipped on its side， and I was thrown through the air． 9引导定语从句，修饰先行词things 10引导条件状语从句 11引导条件状语从句
我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看眼前那些随机闪现的东西！我已多次考虑过停下时间机器的风险。只要我以最高的速度前进，就不会有什么问题。但是，如果我停下来，同一空间被别的东西占据，我们就会被挤在一起，然后像炸弹一样爆炸！我就像一个失去耐心的傻瓜，使劲向后拉了下操纵杆。突然一震，时间机器侧翻了，我被抛向了空中。
I was stunned for a moment， and then heard the sound of thunder． I was sitting in the rain in some mud next to the machine． “A fine welcome，” I said． “for a man who12 has travelled thousands of years to be here！” 12引导定语从句，修饰先行词a man
我一时惊呆了，然后听到雷声。我坐在雨中的一堆烂泥上，时间机器躺在一旁。“对一个穿越了数千年才来到这里的人来说，这欢迎真是别开生面！”我说道。
阅读领悟
(一)课文理解填空
(二)感知“我”每次推拉操纵杆的情感变化
(三)判断正误(T/F)
1．All Time Machines began its career at ten o'clock today．(F)
2．I saw my niece moved like a rocket！(T)
3．It is hard to explain the strange and pleasant feeling of time travelling．(F)
4．I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute．(T)
5．With a sudden jolt， the Time Machine was thrown through the air．(F)
6．I was welcomed as a man who has travelled thousands of years to be here．(T)
探究一　热词
1．superior adj． 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的(教材P6)
superiority n． 优越(性)；优势 superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹；优于 superior in ．．． 在……方面占优势 have superiority over ．．． 优于…… superiority in ．．． 在……方面的优越性
①We have a relationship infinitely superior to those of many of our friends．
我们之间的关系远比我们许多朋友之间的关系好得多。
②The company's products are superior in quality．
这家公司的产品在质量上占优势。
③The trained athlete has a clear superiority over the amateurs in the race．
训练有素的运动员在比赛中明显优于业余选手。
④She demonstrated her superiority in mathematical skills during the competition．
在比赛中，她展示了她在数学技能上的优势。
　(1)superior用作形容词时，本身含有“较……”的意思，所以没有比较级或最高级形式。 (2)“比……强”要用superior to，而不能用superior than。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①This computer is superior in many aspects．
②Human beings are superior to animals in that they can use language as a tool to communicate．
③In other words， gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority (superior)．
【学会表达】完成句子
④认为男性在科学方面优于女性的普遍假设是完全错误的。
The general assumption that men are superior to women in science is completely wrong．
2．urge n． 强烈的欲望；冲动　vt． 催促；力劝；大力推荐(教材P8)
urgent adj． 急迫的，紧急的 urgently adv． 迫切地；紧急地；急切地 urgency n． 紧迫；急迫；急事 have an urge to do sth 有强烈的欲望做某事 urge sb to do sth 催促/敦促某人做某事 urge on 鼓励；激励；鞭策
①It is actually very urgent for educators to think about the ethics of AI like ChatGPT．
实际上，教育工作者迫切需要思考像ChatGPT这样的人工智能的伦理问题。
②Realizing the urgency， he found he had more things to tell， and the book is the result of that．
意识到这件事的紧迫性，他发现自己有更多的事情要讲，这本书就是由此产生的。
③He had an urge to open a shop of his own．
他很想自己开一家店。
④I urge you to join forces and build trust for peace and security．
我敦促你们联合起来，建立对和平与安全的信任。
⑤Urged on by the crowd， the Italian team scored two more goals．
在观众的鼓励下，意大利队又进了两个球。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①It is a matter of the utmost urgency (urge) to find out what has happened to these people．
②You would be well advised to tackle this problem urgently (urgent)．
③The most urgent (urge) thing in a fire is to make sure everyone is out of the building．
【学会表达】完成句子
④突然间，她有一种强烈的冲动，决心要完成一场完美的表演。
Suddenly， she had a strong urge to determine to achieve a perfect performance．
⑤一位同事竭力劝王先生去看医生，但他拒绝了。
A colleague urged him to see a doctor， but Mr Wang refused．
3．random adj． 随机的；不可思议的　n． 随意，随机(教材P8)
randomly adv． 随便地，任意地；随机地 a random sample/selection 随机抽样/选择 at random 随意地；随机地；胡乱地
①In her study， participants were randomly assigned to two groups．
在她的研究中，参与者被随机分为两组。
②We asked a random sample/selection of people what they thought．
我们随机选取了一些人，询问他们的想法。
③The winning entry will be the first correct answer drawn at random．
从所有给出正确答案的参赛者中，随机抽出的第一个将获得大奖。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①My phone seems to switch itself off randomly (random)．
②We received several answers， and we picked one at random．
【学会表达】翻译
③该调查在北京和天津随机抽取了2，000人的样本。
The survey used a random sample of two thousand people across Beijing and Tianjin．
4．blurred adj． 模糊不清的；难以区分的→blur v． (使)变得模糊不清；(使)视线模糊
The fast motion of the camera caused the image to blur， resulting in a blurred photograph．
相机的快速移动导致图像变得模糊，结果是一张模糊的照片。
5．hazy adj． 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的→haze n． (烟尘等的)烟雾；薄雾；迷糊；迷蒙
The haze from the forest fire made the view hazy and difficult to see clearly．
森林火灾产生的烟雾让视野变得朦胧，难以看清。
6．division n． 分开；分隔；差异；除(法)；部门→divide v． (使)分开；分成……；分；除以
When the company grew too large to manage effectively， the CEO decided to divide it into smaller divisions， each with its own manager and responsibilities．
当公司规模变得过大而无法有效管理时，首席执行官决定将其划分为更小的部门，每个部门都有自己的经理和职责。
7．explode vi．& vt． 爆炸；爆破→explosion n． 爆炸；爆破；爆裂(声)→explosive adj． 易爆炸的；可能引起爆炸的→explosively adv． 爆发地；爆炸性地；迅猛地
The police discovered a hidden explosive device in the abandoned building， but it accidentally exploded when defused， causing a loud explosion that shook the whole area．
警察在废弃建筑中发现了一个隐藏的爆炸装置，但在拆除时意外引爆，引发了巨大的爆炸声，震动了整个地区。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The view from the top of the mountain was hazy (haze) due to the thick fog．
②The memory of that day is blurred (blur) in my mind; I can't remember all the details．
【学会表达】完成句子
③气球“砰”的一声爆炸了，把孩子们吓了一跳。
The balloon exploded with a loud pop， surprising the children．
④学校的学生群体分为三个部门：小学、中学和高中。
The school's student body is divided into three divisions: elementary， middle， and high school．
8　grip
[熟义] vt．& vi． 紧握；抓紧 [生义] n． 理解；了解
①The baby gripped my finger with her tiny hand．
婴儿用她的小手抓紧我的手指。
②I couldn't get a grip on what was going on．
我无法理解正在发生的事情。
【学会运用】同义词替换
①Grip the rope as tightly as you can．Grasp
【学会表达】翻译
②虽然苏是生手，但她完全了解她工作的细节。
Though Sue is a green hand， she's completely at grips with the details of her job．
探究二　短语
9．take over 占上风； 取而代之； 接管； 接手(教材P6)
over其他相关短语： look over 从……上看过去；检查；翻阅；浏览 blow over 平息；烟消云散 fall over 摔倒；跌倒；倒下 turn over 移交；翻过来 go over 仔细检查；复习；通过；穿过 get over 从(不快或疾病中)恢复过来；克服，战胜(困难) think over 仔细考虑；认真思考 spread over 分散；传开
①When the previous owner passed away， his nephew took over the family business．
前老板去世后，他的侄子接管了家族企业。
②The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background．
这个位置使我们能够以日落为背景俯瞰湖面。(景色描写)
③They weren't speaking to each other， but I think it's blown over now．
他们没有交谈，但我想现在一切都结束了。
④It takes you a while to get over an illness like that．
这种病你需要一段时间才能痊愈。
⑤A series of five interviews will be spread over two days．
一共五次面谈，分两天进行。
【学会运用】用over的相关短语填空
①As soon as my front foot slipped， I lost my balance and fell over．
②I suggest you should think over your position．
③It took me a very long time to get over the shock of her death．
【学会表达】翻译
④剩下的设备应移交上级机关。
The remaining equipment should be turned over to the higher authorities．
⑤他的公司负债后被另一家公司接管了。
His company was taken over by another one after it fell into debt．
10．fall away (逐渐)减少；消失(教材P8)
fall其他相关短语： fall down 摔倒 fall apart 破碎；破裂；崩溃 fall behind 落后；掉队 fall over 被……绊倒；意外地从……上跌落 fall in love with 爱上…… fall on适逢(某日)；降落在……上 fall into ruin 成为废墟 fall to the ground 摔倒在地；失败；落空
①If you take this medicine， all your symptoms will fall away．
如果你服用这种药物，你的所有症状将会消失。
②The old couch started to fall apart after years of heavy use．
这张旧沙发经过多年的重度使用后开始散架。
③In recent years， the country has fallen behind in its development compared to its neighbors．
近年来，这个国家在发展上落后于邻国。
④We fell in love with the car at first sight．
我们第一眼看到这辆车就喜欢上了它。
⑤He lost his balance and fell to the ground．
他失去平衡摔倒在地。(动作描写)
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Running in the hallways could cause a student to fall down．
②What would you do if you saw a senior person fall to the ground
③They used to be good friends， but fell apart last week．
【学会表达】完成句子
④地震过后，许多古代的雕塑都毁了。
Many ancient sculptures fell into ruin after the earthquake．
⑤由于缺少煤，电站的发电量减少了。
Owing to shortage of the coal， output from the power stations fell away．
探究三　长难句分析
11．It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career．(教材P8) 上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。
【分析】　“It was ．．． that ．．．”为强调句型，此处强调时间状语at ten o'clock today。 强调句型： 基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分(通常为主语、宾语或状语)＋that/who(强调主语且指人)＋其他 一般疑问句：“Is/Was it ．．． ＋that ．．．？” 特殊疑问句：“特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that ．．．？” “not ．．． until ．．．”句型的强调结构为 “it is/was not until ．．． that ．．．” 强调谓语时，用“do/does/did＋动词原形”
①He bought the book in this shop yesterday．
→It was he that/who bought the book in this shop yesterday． (强调主语he)
→It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday． (强调宾语the book)
→It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday． (强调地点状语in this shop)
→It was yesterday that he bought the book in this shop． (强调时间状语yesterday)
昨天他在这家商店买了这本书。
②Was it ten years ago that his father died
他的父亲是十年前去世的吗？
③It was not until the rain stopped that I went home．
直到雨停了我才回家。
④Do be careful with the experiment you're doing．
做实验时一定要小心。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors．
②It was not until she collected enough material that she began to create her new novel．
③She rarely speaks at our meeting， but when she does (do) speak， she is always to the point．
【学会表达】翻译
④他是因为生病才没有来吗？
Is it because he is ill that he can't come
维度一　高频词汇
(一)写出下列单词和短语的英文
1．lever n． 操纵杆；杠杆
2．niece n． 侄女；外甥女
3．backwards adv． 向后；倒着；往回
4．random adj． 随机的；不可思议的
5．stun vt． 使震惊，使昏迷
6．have an urge to do sth 有强烈的欲望做某事
7．conflict with 与……冲突或抵触
8．take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
9．fall away (逐渐)减少；消失
10．superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹
(二)写出下列句子中加黑部分的汉语释义
1．To ensure safety， the maximum weight limit for this lift is 500 kilograms． 最大极限的
2．He blew a puff of smoke into the air， looking thoughtful． 一缕
3．He labored for many years to earn enough money to buy a house． 努力工作
4．We jolted along rough wet roads through an endless banana plantation． 摇晃
5．He set up a three man panel to advise him． 专家咨询组
维度二　语境运用
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．This may have been an improvement， but “breakthrough” was an overstatement (overstate)．
2．It is said that the winning numbers are randomly (random) selected by computer．
3．At work， robots will take over most jobs in the manufacturing industries．
4．There were two loud explosions (explode) and then the building burst into flames．
5．While you have the iron on， you'll just finish those handkerchieves/handkerchiefs (handkerchief)．
(四)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的加黑部分
blur， pace， random， stun， fetch
1．I was astonished and not a little shocked by what she said．stunned
2．He's just gone to get the doctor from hospital． fetch
3．Through the hazy window， I could barely make out the figure of a person walking in the distance．blurred
4．Most people walk at an average step of 5 kilometres an hour． pace
5．He made a casual remark that didn't mean much to anyone． random
维度三　能力提升
(五)长难句分析
(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens， and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change， I wanted to know: Are they usable
句意：现在，这些观察结果的数量超过了来自实物标本的原始数据，而由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：这些观察数据可靠吗？
分析：本句是一个并列复合句。前一分句中的that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the primary data；后一分句中的since引导原因状语从句，how引导宾语从句，作动词investigate的宾语。
(六)句型转换
1．Someone flipped the table during the fight．(改为被动语态)
→The table was flipped during the fight by someone．
2．Her image of calm， control， and discipline appealed to millions of voters．(改为强调句，强调主语)
→It was her image of calm， control， and discipline that appealed to millions of voters．
维度四　素养提升
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．The human mind will always be superior to (更胜一筹) machines．
2．If so， your points of view are bound to conflict with (与……冲突) hers．
3．The houses fell away (逐渐消失) as we left the city．
(八)翻译
1．随着高考的来临，我们的老师敦促我们努力学习。(urge)
Our teachers urge us to study hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near．
2．直到她到了办公室，她才意识到她昨晚忘了关空调。(强调句)
It was not until she arrived at the office that she realized she had forgotten to turn off the air conditioning last night．
课后课时作业(一)
较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比70%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ　阅读
A
(2024·辽宁省七校协作体高二下月考)At the end of 2019， I learned that Here After AI， whose goal is to let the living communicate with the dead， was looking for applicants of its new AI project． Interested in what it was promising， I applied to experiment the software on my very much alive parents．
At first， I thought it would be just a fun project to see what was technologically possible． Then their health condition added some urgency to the experiment． I was frightened that my parents might die since my father had been diagnosed with cancer and my mother was recently developing symptoms of early Alzheimer's disease， and that with the distance between us， I might never have the chance to say goodbye．
The first step was an interview． My parents were asked questions by a technician for hours—about everything from their earliest memories to what they believe will happen after they die． Whether through illness generated concerns or a willingness to humor their daughter， my parents put up zero resistance． The company then took their responses and started to create the voice assistants． A few months later， my virtual parents arrived via email attachment．
When I communicated with them through the app on my phone， my hands were shaking． I hadn't seen my actual， real parents for six months． They told me personal stories I'd never heard． They gave me life advice and told me things about their childhoods， as well as my own． It was mesmerizing．
Personally， I have mixed feelings about my experiment． I'm glad to have my virtual parents．They've enabled me to learn new things about my parents， and it's comforting to think that those softwares will be there even when my parents aren't． On the other hand， I can't help but find it sad that it took a stranger interviewing my parents for me to properly appreciate the complex people they are． But I feel lucky to have had the chance to grasp that and to still have the precious opportunity to spend more time with them and learn more about them， face to face， no technology involved．
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参与Here After AI项目，通过AI技术与虚拟的父母进行交流的经历和感受。
1．Why did the author initially join the AI project
A．To test out the new technology．
B．To preserve her parents' voice．
C．To learn more about her parents' life．
D．To remove the worry about her parents' health．
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At first， I thought ．．． was technologically possible．”可知，作者最初加入这个项目的主要目的是测试新技术可能是什么样子。故选A。
2．What can we learn about the author's parents
A．They liked talking a lot．
B．They died from the illnesses．
C．They opposed joining the project at first．
D．They provided data for the project．
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My parents were asked questions ．．． started to create the voice assistants．”可知，作者的父母为项目提供了数据。故选D。
3．What does the underlined word “mesmerizing” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Alarming． B．Fascinating．
C．Inspiring． D．Disgusting．
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“I hadn't seen my actual ．．． as well as my own．”可知，作者已有六个月没有见过自己真正的父母了，他们向作者讲述了以前作者从没听过的个人故事，给予作者人生建议，告诉作者他们童年的事情，以及关于作者的事情，这是令人着迷的。画线词意为“令人着迷的”。故选B。
4．What does the author realize at last
A．AI means never saying goodbye to our parents．
B．The advances in AI technology have pros and cons．
C．The real connection with our parents matters most．
D．AI allows us to learn more about our virtual parents．
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But I feel lucky ．．． no technology involved．”可知，作者感到很幸运，有宝贵的机会能够面对面地与他们相处，更多地了解他们，无需任何技术的介入，由此可推知，作者意识到了与父母的真正联系是最重要的。故选C。
B
(2024·江苏省南京市高二下月考)Laughter comes in many forms， from a polite and quiet laugh to a great hearty laugh． Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts． The team behind the laughing robot Erica said that the system could improve natural conversations between people and an AI robot． “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy，” said Dr Koji Inoue， the lead author of the research． “So we decided that one way a robot can empathize with its users is to share their laughter．”
The team have set out to teach their AI system the art of conversational laughter． They gathered training data from more than 80 daily dialogues between male subjects and the robot that was initially operated by four actresses remotely． The dialogue data was grouped into social laughs (where polite or embarrassed laughter isn't involved) and laughter of joy． Based on the audio files， the algorithm (算法) learned the basic characteristics of social laughs， which tend to be softer， and merry laughs， with the aim of mirroring these inappropriate situations．
“Our biggest obstructor in the work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter because as you know， most laughter is actually not shared at all，” said Inoue． “We had to carefully decide exactly which laughs we could use for our analysis and we couldn't just assume that any laugh can be responded to． It was really not easy work．” The team said laughter could help create robots with their own distinct character although it could take more than 20 years before it would be possible to have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend．
“One of the things we'd keep in mind is that a laughing robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you or the meaning of laughter，” points out Prof． Sandra Wachter of the Oxford Internet Institute． “But with their development， they might get very good at tricking you into believing they understand what's going on．”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家正在研究一款可以笑的机器人。
5．Why did Inoue's team develop the AI system
A．To better understand human empathy．
B．To promote the social skills of robots．
C．To explore the differences between laughs．
D．To assist robots in identifying people's moods．
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Scientists are now developing an AI system ．．． an AI robot．”可知，科学家们目前正在开发一种人工智能系统，在适当的社交环境中重现不同的笑声。该团队表示，该系统可以提高人与人工智能机器人之间的自然对话。由此可推知，该团队开发人工智能系统是为了提高机器人的社交技能。故选B。
6．What can robot Erica probably do at present
A．Repeat the details of the 80 dialogues．
B．Distinguish people by hearing their laughs．
C．Recreate a scene played by the four actresses．
D．Master the features of laughs provided by data．
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，该团队已经开始教授机器人谈笑的艺术，数据包括了笑的特征，由此可推知，机器人Erica (埃里卡)可能掌握了目前数据提供的笑的特征。故选D。
7．What does the underlined word “obstructor” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Potential． B．Barrier．
C．Alternative． D．Division．
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Our biggest obstructor ．．． It was really not easy work．”可知，现在确定分享笑声的实际案例不是一件容易的事情，这是研究人员工作中最大的“障碍”，由此可知，obstructor意为“障碍”。故选B。
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Are AI systems going beyond human ability
B．Can conversational AI really understand us
C．Laughing robots are round the corner
D．Robots become laughing masters
答案：C
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家正在研究一款可以笑的机器人。C项(会笑的机器人即将问世)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
Ⅱ　应用文写作
(2024·云南师范大学附属中学高二下月考)假定你是李华，随着科技的发展，机器人将成为人们生活中的一部分，为了让同学们更好地了解机器人，你校决定举行主题为“The Development and Application of Robots”的演讲比赛。你有意向参加，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1．机器人的发展；
2．机器人的应用。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
[精彩范文]
Good morning， everyone!
It's my great honor to deliver my speech on the Development and Application of Robots．
With the development of science and technology， robots will surely play a more and more important role in many aspects． To begin with， they will be good helpers in people's daily life like helping people do the housework． Besides， robots will be widely used in the medical field． For example， nanobots are a new technique for fighting cancer cells． As for education， they are an effective way to stimulate students' interest in learning， especially pupils'．
That's all． Thank you for listening．
　读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·江苏省镇江市八校高二下联考)I was always the little girl who played with magnets on the kitchen floor． I pieced together model roller coasters and exhausted a lot of science kits． Learning from my dad as he designed robots， I formed my own ideas， including an automatic breakfast machine． At 14 years old， I applied to my high school's Academy of Science， Engineering， and High Technology． As is unfortunately typical in engineering， female students were critically underrepresented in this academy—there were a mere twenty of us out of ninety total students． This was a tough challenge for me: as an ambitious female engineer， I needed to advocate my own talents and abilities in a field where women are often marginalized (边缘化)．
Within the first month of the freshman year， we began our first project: a wooden can crusher (压罐器)． I had worked on projects with boys before， but those were nothing like this． The three of us had one month to research， design， build， and test our device—a month full of arguing and frustration． My suggestions were turned down． And I was assigned the “default (默认的) female role” of timekeeper and documentation． I wasn't expected to be capable of contributing to anything else． We finished with a functional can crusher， but I knew this was not how I wanted to continue as a female engineer．
By the time junior year rolled around， it was time to face the year long Engineering Design and Development (EDD) project and state competition． When I agreed to work with two other girls， I had no idea that this would entirely change my perspective of my ability as a team member， a leader and an engineer． For this competition， we created a garage parking aid to help drivers prevent side view mirror damage． Within our team， we created a safe space where we all valued each other's input and carried equal responsibilities． After countless experiments and sleepless nights， we were awarded third place at EDD State， which helped me find the confidence I didn't have before．
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Then came the final year long project for me， an academy senior．　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Thanks to all these experiences， I've grown a lot．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5R解读故事
1．Read for characters (人物)
I， boy teammates， two other girls
2．Read for conflict/problems (冲突/问题)
I needed to advocate my own talents and abilities in a field where women are often marginalized．
3．Read for plot (情节)
4．Read for emotional changes (情感变化)
The three of us had one month to research， design， build， and test our device—a month full of arguing and frustration． After countless experiments and sleepless nights， we were awarded third place at EDD State， which helped me find the confidence I didn't have before．
5．Read for theme (主题)
Dreaming of becoming an ambitious female engineer， I succeeded in the final year long project．
4步确定框架
Step 1：先写最后一句(主题句)
I have been determined to succeed as a biomedical engineer， designing and innovating medical equipment to improve healthcare and human life．
Step 2：再写衔接句(第一段的最后一句)
I felt proud I bravely soldiered on my dreams．
Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感
第一段：
I created a team of people whom I respected and who respected me in return． I felt proud of my team．
第二段：
I think I have gained the courage to stand up for myself and the abilities as a leader and a strong team member． I know I'll encounter many thistles and thorns in the future life， but I don't fear．
Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容
第一段：
As a group of two guys and two girls， we all brainstormed， calculated， designed and constructed together． I remember the numerous times when we washed oil and metal remains off our hands together after the laborious work． I also remember we once got stuck with several technical problems; however， we spared no effort to tackle them． After what seemed like centuries， a two passenger， gasoline powered go kart was completed． The other day， when we tested it out at the top speed of 27 mph， we felt excited． At that moment， I felt proud of my team．
第二段：
In the process of growth， I learn to be patient． I understand the meaning of confidence and cooperation． I want to thank my dad for cultivating my interest in engineering．
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者梦想成为一名工程师，然而，在大一的一个木制压罐器的项目中作者因为是女性而被边缘化。为了改变这种状况，作者在大三时与两个女孩合作参加了EDD州际比赛并获得了第三名。最后一学年的项目比赛来临，作者会怎样应对？作者收获了什么？
[精彩范文]
Then came the final year long project for me， an academy senior． I created a team of people whom I respected and who respected me in return． As a group of two guys and two girls， we all brainstormed， calculated， designed and constructed together． I remember the numerous times when we washed oil and metal remains off our hands together after the laborious work． I also remember we once got stuck with several technical problems; however， we spared no effort to tackle them． After what seemed like centuries， a two passenger， gasoline powered go kart was completed． The other day， when we tested it out at the top speed of 27 mph， we felt excited． At that moment， I felt proud of my team． I felt proud I bravely soldiered on my dreams．
Thanks to all these experiences， I've grown a lot． I think I have gained the courage to stand up for myself and the abilities as a leader and a strong team member． In the process of growth， I learn to be patient． I understand the meaning of confidence and cooperation． I want to thank my dad for cultivating my interest in engineering． I know I'll encounter many thistles and thorns in the future life， but I don't fear． I have been determined to succeed as a biomedical engineer， designing and innovating medical equipment to improve healthcare and human life．
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1． 2． 3．
课后课时作业(二)
较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比40%)　拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★★★ ★★
Ⅰ　阅读
A
(2024·山西省太原市高二下期中)
Artificial Intelligence Professional Program
Stanford Online Artificial Intelligence courses let you virtually step into the classrooms of Stanford professors who lead the AI revolution． The courses， beginning on Wednesday May 1， are based on Stanford graduate courses， but adapted for the needs of working professionals．
Before enrolling in your first course， you need to apply for an online interview with your professor (1520 minutes)． The interaction allows you to tell your professor about your interest in joining， as well as confirm that you meet the essential requirements (Proficiency in Python， College Calculus， Linear Algebra and Probability Theory)．
The courses will equip you with the skills and confidence to：
Learn basic AI technologies to operate AI models and tools．
Evaluate performance of AI models accurately．
Carry out search algorithms to find the shortest paths and plan motions for the general use robots．
Guard against various types of cyber crimes to keep information safe．
What you will earn：
You'll earn a Stanford Professional Certificate in Artificial Intelligence when you successfully complete either three 10 week courses in the AI professional education program or two courses in the AI professional education program plus one course in the AI graduate program． All the courses in the program will be accessible through Wednesday July 31．
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学在线人工智能课程的相关信息。
1．What is necessary to enter for the program according to the text
A．A graduate certificate． B．A Stanford's scholarship．
C．An interview on the Internet． D．A professor's recommendation．
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Before enrolling in ．．． your professor (1520 minutes)．”可知，报名的必要条件是先进行网上面试。故选C。
2．Which of the following skills can be gained from the program
A．Updating AI models． B．Maintaining cyber security．
C．Predicting future accurately． D．Inventing robots with new functions．
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据The courses will equip you with the skills and confidence to部分中的“Guard against ．．． keep information safe．”可知，维护网络安全可以从课程中获得。故选B。
3．How long will the program last
A．Four weeks． B．Two months．
C．Ten weeks． D．Three months．
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The courses， beginning on Wednesday May 1”以及What you will earn部分中的“All the courses ．．． through Wednesday July 31．”可知，这个项目将从5月1日持续到7月31日，历时三个月。故选D。
B
(2024·湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中联盟高二下期中)A simple sponge (海绵) has improved how robots grasp， scientists from the University of Bristol have found． This easy to make device can help stiff robots handle delicate items carefully by mimicking the touch， or variable stiffness， of a human．
Robots can skip and jump， but they're too rigid to hold an egg easily． Variable stiffness devices are potential solutions for reducing damage to hard robots， or for improving the load capacity of soft robots．
This study， published at the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2023， shows that variable stiffness can be achieved by a silicone (硅胶) sponge．
Lead author Tianqi Yue from the University of Bristol explained， “Robotic arms are too rigid (僵硬的) so they cannot make such a soft human like grasp on delicate objects， for example， an egg． What makes humans different from robotic arms is that we have soft tissues enclosing rigid bones， which act as a natural mitigating (缓和的) mechanism． In this paper， we managed to develop a soft device with variable stiffness， to be mounted on the end of a robotic arm to make the robot object contact safe．”
Silicone sponge is just like the cleaning sponge used in everyday tasks． By pressing the sponge， the sponge stiffens， which is why it can be transformed into a variable stiffness device．
This device could be used in industrial robots and service robots to make human robot interaction safer．
Mr Yue added， “We managed to use a sponge to make a cheap but effective device that can help robots achieve soft contact with objects． The great potential comes from its low cost and light weight． We believe this silicone sponge based variable stiffness device will provide a novel solution in industry and healthcare．”
The team will now look at making the device achieve variable stiffness in multiple directions．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从特点和优势两方面介绍了一种可以帮助机器人处理易碎物品的装置。
4．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Stimulating． B．Imitating．
C．Restoring． D．Demonstrating．
答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“This easy to make device ．．． of a human．”可知，这个易于制作的装置可以帮助僵硬的机器人通过模仿人类的触摸或可变刚度来小心地处理易碎物品。画线词意为“模仿”。故选B。
5．Which of the following robots can be dealt with by a variable stiffness device
A．Robots that are unable to grasp objects．
B．Robots that are too rigid to skip and jump．
C．Robots that are incapable of getting around．
D．Robots that lack the capacity to grasp fragile stuff．
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，缺乏抓住易碎物品能力的机器人可以用可变刚度装置来解决这个问题。故选D。
6．Why is silicone sponge selected to be an ideal solution
A．It has natural soft tissues．
B．It is inexpensive and lightweight．
C．It can help robots achieve contact with objects．
D．It can function as a cleaning instrument once pressed．
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“We managed to use a sponge ．．． and light weight．”可知，选择硅胶海绵作为理想的解决方案是因为它既便宜又轻便。故选B。
7．What's the purpose of the text
A．To persuade． B．To entertain．
C．To educate． D．To inform．
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要从特点和优势两方面介绍了一种可以帮助机器人处理易碎物品的装置。由此可推知，文章的目的是告知。故选D。
Ⅱ　七选五
(2024·山东省临沂市高二下期末)Does alien life exist It's a question many people have tried to answer． __1__ AI is a type of program that allows a computer to learn from experience and perform tasks that usually require human intelligence． AI works by taking in lots of data， then making predictions based on it．
The research team used their AI method to analyze different materials and determine whether they were biotic (生物性的) or abiotic． __2__
To train the AI program， the researchers gave it data on 134 biotic and abiotic materials． The program then used that knowledge to predict whether things like human hair， bones， teeth， eaves， coal， and chemicals were alive or not． __3__
__4__ “We may be able to find a life form from another planet，” said Robert Hazen of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington， DC．“If we do find signs of life elsewhere， we can tell if life on Earth and other planets derived from a common or different origin．” For now， though， the team is focused on ancient rock samples from Earth to learn more about life on our own planet and where it originated． For example， the tool could be used to settle a disagreement among scientists about 3．5 billion year old rocks from Western Australia． __5__ However， others think the rocks just have unusual patterns．
The AI could also be used to examine samples from Mars collected by the Perseverance over． NASA put this wheeled robot on the red planet to search for evidence that Mars has the right conditions to support life． Perseverance is gathering rock samples that will be brought to Earth in 2033．
A．People's answers are various．
B．Some experts believe AI can't tell their origin．
C．The researchers said the AI was 90% accurate．
D．The scientists also think the AI tool could detect alien life forms．
E．Some experts believe the rocks contain Earth's oldest fossil samples．
F．Now scientists have identified a new method for finding alien life using AI．
G．The AI also could tell whether a biotic sample was currently living or a fossil．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的方法，即使用人工智能来寻找外星生命。
1．答案：F
解析：根据前文“Does alien life exist ．．． tried to answer．(外星生命存在吗？这是一个很多人都试图回答的问题。)”可知，F项(现在，科学家们发现了一种利用人工智能寻找外星生命的新方法。)承接前文。故选F。
2．答案：G
解析：根据前文“The research team ．．． biotic (生物性的) or abiotic．”可知，本段主要讲述人工智能在分析材料方面的运用。G项(人工智能还可以判断生物样本目前是活的还是化石。)承接前文。故选G。
3．答案：C
解析：根据前文“To train the AI program ．．． were alive or not．”可知，本段讲述研究人员如何训练人工智能。C项(研究人员表示，人工智能的准确率为90%。)承接前文，说明训练的结果。故选C。
4．答案：D
解析：根据后文“We may be able to ．．． in Washington， DC．”可知，本段讲述人工智能能帮助探测生命形式。D项(科学家们还认为，这种人工智能工具可以探测到外星的生命形式。)引出后文。故选D。
5．答案：E
解析：根据前文“For example ．．． from Western Australia．(例如，这个工具可以用来解决科学家们对来自西澳大利亚的大约35亿年前的岩石的分歧。)”可知，E项(一些专家认为这些岩石含有地球上最古老的化石样本。)承接前文，讲述对岩石的研究。故选E。
　单元写作
单元写作——短篇科幻故事
科幻故事是根据科学知识编写出来的故事，大多是虚构的，需要发挥自己的想象力。在写科幻故事时，不必加入太多科学原理，只要能自圆其说、有缘有故即可。不过，一般情况下，所写的科幻故事不能只是幻想，还要揭示一些道理。另外，在写作时也要注意以下几点：
1．科幻故事类文章和记叙文一样，常用一般过去时来叙述故事的起因、经过和结果。
2．科幻故事需要丰富的语言，因此要重点掌握词汇和句式的运用，只有这样才能使文章丰满、充实而不空洞。
3．虽然短篇科幻故事需要发挥自己的想象力，但也要在结尾体现出积极正面的思想，不可以一味天马行空地放飞想象，要找准落脚点，才能精准点题。
It was hot at night and I couldn't fall asleep in the tent， ________________(起因)． The sky was clear and ______________ (特别现象)． Suddenly a bright light flashed across the sky and ________________ (描述一)， which looked just like the one in the book I had read during the day． I quickly hid behind a stone and ________________ (描述二)． He walked into my tent and came out with something in his hand． The UFO then flew away． I immediately ran into my tent and ________________ (描述三)． I was so puzzled that I couldn't believe what I had seen． But I decided that the next time the alien came， ________________ (结局)．
※开头常用句式
1．It's exciting to imagine a life with robots to satisfy our various needs．
想象有机器人满足我们各种需求的生活，这很令人兴奋。
2．As science and technology develop， life in the future will be greatly different from what it is today．
随着科技的发展，未来的生活将与今天的生活大不相同。
3．Robots were easy to see everywhere and people were working busily at a rapid pace．
机器人随处可见，人们以一种快节奏忙碌地工作着。
※主体段落常用句式
1．After a long time， we landed another planet， where I saw many aliens．
过了很长一段时间，我们登陆了另一个星球，在那里我看到了很多外星人。
2．In a small laboratory tucked away in a remote corner of the world， she was focusing on her latest research project．
在世界偏远角落的一个小实验室里，她正专注于她最新的研究项目。
3．The floating city will be located on a man made island， which will be almost entirely covered by plants．
这座漂浮城市将建在一座人工岛上，岛上几乎完全被植物覆盖。
4．Looking around， I found myself surrounded by many smart devices．
环顾四周，我发现自己被许多智能设备包围。
5．Travel will be easier for us because we have more advanced tools．
旅行对我们来说将会更容易，因为我们有更先进的工具。
6．By using robots， we can do a lot of things that we didn't have the ability to do in the past．
使用机器人，我们可以做很多我们过去没有能力做的事情。
※结尾常用句式
1．How I wish to fly into the future world with the time machine!
我多么想通过时间机器飞进未来的世界！
2．Taking everything into consideration， we have great confidence in building new homes for humans on Mars．
综合考虑各种因素，我们很有信心在火星上建造人类的新家园。
3．In conclusion， I think life in the future will be much better than it is now．
总之，我认为未来的生活会比现在好得多。
你校学生会正在举办科幻故事征文比赛，请你写一个关于时间机器的故事参加比赛。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：摩天大楼skyscraper
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
[精彩范文]
In a laboratory， Dr Evan stood by his latest invention—a time machine． With a mix of excitement and anticipation， he adjusted the controls， setting the destination to a century in the future．
As he stepped into the machine， a red flash illuminated him． Suddenly， Dr Evan emerged in a world he couldn't have imagined．
Skyscrapers reached towards the clouds， and cars glided through the air． The future was a marvel， yet it felt oddly empty without the familiarity of the past． Realizing the value of his own time， Dr Evan quickly set the machine to return． Back in his laboratory， Dr Evan smiled， knowing he had witnessed the miracle of time travel． But he also understood that no matter how far technology advanced， the true essence of life lay in the moments we lived， not just the places we visited．
11(共140张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 1　 SCIENCE FICTION
单元主题：人与自我——科学幻想与科学现实
Section Ⅲ　Using Language & Assessing Your Progress
——Listening and Speaking——
一、听力微技能1——科技前瞻介绍类
科技前瞻介绍类听力材料通常涉及最新的科技发展，这些话题专业性较强，可能会包含一些特定的科技词汇和概念，如人工智能、互联网、物联网等。以下是一些具体的提升策略，帮助你更有效地理解科技前瞻介绍类文章：
1．积累专业词汇
熟悉与科学技术相关的词汇，如智能科技类(robot， automation， artificial intelligence等)，互联网与信息技术类(Internet， network， online， software， upload/download等)，能源与可持续发展类(energy， green， renewable energy， solar energy等)。
2．储备背景知识
阅读科技新闻、科普文章，关注科技动态，了解当下热门的科技话题，这样能积累一定的背景知识，有助于听力材料的理解。
3．培养逻辑分析能力和信息整合能力
科技前瞻类材料内容逻辑性强，应理清其中的因果关系、对比关系等，将听到的分散的科技信息整合起来，形成完整的概念，以促进对某个科技现象的全面理解。
听力文本：
Good morning， my topic is what new technology can bring us． As we all know， we are now in the twenty first century which is the new technology century． In my opinion， there are three advantages that new technology can bring us． Firstly， most countries are developing faster and faster with the help of new technology． The Internet is a new technology． What does that bring us It makes the world smaller and smaller． Secondly， human beings can benefit greatly from new technology． Some people are suffering from strange diseases and they cannot help themselves and even the
doctors around them cannot help them． But people can talk about their problems on the Internet and then famous doctors and some warm hearted people from all over the world may help them． The third advantage I think， is that new technology helps to protect our earth and save it from being polluted more and more seriously． All in all， we must do our best to develop new technology and make full use of it．
Q：1．What can be known about new technology
A．It helps all the countries develop faster．
B．It helps to protect the environment．
C．It helps people get sick less frequently．
2．What is the speaker mainly talking about
A．The development of new technology．
B．The disadvantages of new technology．
C．The benefits of new technology．
3．What can new technology bring the patients from the speech
A．Protecting them from strange diseases．
B．Asking for help all over the world．
C．Curing them of their illnesses．
第1小题询问关于新的科技的相关信息。根据“The third advantage ... more and more seriously．”可知，新的科技能帮助保护环境。故选B。
第2小题询问文章的主要内容。根据“In my opinion， there are three advantages ... more and more seriously．”可知，本文主要讨论了“科技的优势”，C项中的“benefits”与短文中的“advantages”同义。故选C。
第3小题询问新的科技可以为病人带来什么。根据文中关于远程诊疗援助的介绍“But people can talk about ... may help them．”可知，患者可以通过互联网寻求来自全球任何地方的诊疗援助。故选B。
二、话题口语表达(开放型)
1．How do you understand the speaker's words？Do you agree with him/her
2．How do you think technology and AI will further influence the world
WELCOME UNIT
——Reading for Writing——
预习检测 词汇打卡
自主学习 课文语篇
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业（一）
5
课后课时作业（二）
6
预习检测 词汇打卡
一、阅读单词及词块：写出汉语含义
1．pros and cons____________________________
2．inaction n．____________________________
3．leather n． ______　[pl．]_______________
4．lever n．________________
5．panel n．_____________________________
6．inch n．___________________________________
7．niece n．_________________
事物的利与弊；支持与反对
无行动；不采取措施
皮革
皮衣；皮外套
操纵杆；杠杆
控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
英寸(长度单位，等于2．54厘米)
侄女；外甥女
8．handkerchief n．__________________
9．lamp n．______________
10．puff n．___________________________________
11．jolt n． ________________　vt．& vi．_________________
12．flip vt．& vi．___________________________
13．stun vt．__________________
14．mud n．_________________
手帕；纸巾
灯；台灯
(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息
震动；摇晃；颠簸
(使)震动；摇晃
(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛
使震惊；使昏迷
泥；泥浆
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．____________ adj． 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的
2．_________ n． 劳动(者)；体力劳动　vi． 奋斗；努力工作
3．___________ adv． 向后；倒着；往回
4．_______ vt． (去)拿来；(去)请来
5．_______ n． 速度；步伐；节奏　vt．& vi． 确定速度；调整节奏
6．______ n． 强烈的欲望；冲动　vt． 催促；力劝；大力推荐
7．_________ adj． 随机的；不可思议的
8．__________ adj． 最大极限的　n． 最大量；最大限度
superior
labour
backwards
fetch
pace
urge
random
maximum
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
1．blurred adj． 模糊不清的；难以区分的→_____ v． (使)变得模糊不清；(使)视线模糊
2．hazy adj． 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的→______ n． (烟尘等的)烟雾；薄雾；迷糊；迷蒙
3．division n． 分开；分隔；差异；除(法)；部门→______ v． (使)分开；分成……；分；除以
4．explode vi．& vt． 爆炸；爆破→__________ n． 爆炸；爆破；爆裂(声)→____________ adj． 易爆炸的；可能引起爆炸的→__________ adv． 爆发地；爆炸性地；迅猛地
5．overstatement n． 夸大；夸张→____________ vt． 夸大；夸张
blur
haze
divide
explosion
explosive
explosively
overstate
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
grip 熟义：vt．& vi．______________
生义：n． 理解；了解
五、核心短语：写出英语表达
1．____________ 比……更好；更胜一筹
2．_________ 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
3．_____________ 与……冲突或抵触
4．__________ 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
5．__________ (逐渐)减少；消失
6．______________ 有强烈的欲望做某事
紧握；抓紧
superior to
take over
conflict with
turn out
fall away
have an urge to
自主学习　课文语篇
It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career1． I gave it a last check， and sat myself in the leather seat． I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again． Looking around2， I saw my laboratory exactly as before． Had anything happened I thought my mind had tricked me． Then I saw the clock． A moment before， it was a minute or so past ten; now it was nearly half past three!
课文三维剖析
1______句，强调______
_______at ten o'clock today
2现在分词短语作______
________
强调
THE TIME MACHINE(Adapted)
时间机器(改编版)
时间状语
伴随状语
上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。我最后检查了一遍机器，然后坐在皮椅上。我把主面板上的启动杆往前推了一英寸，然后又立刻向后拉。环顾四周，我看到实验室与以前一模一样。发生什么事了吗？我以为我的大脑欺骗了我。然后我看了下时钟。片刻之前，大概是十点零一分，而现在已经快三点半了！
3引导___________从句
4介词短语前置引起的________句；_____是the day，_____是came，介词短语in another moment作时间状语
I drew a breath， gripped the lever and pushed it forwards． The laboratory went hazy around me． My niece came in to fetch something， maybe her handkerchief， apparently without seeing me． It probably took her a minute， but to me she moved like a rocket! I pushed the lever further． Night came as if3 a lamp was being turned out， and in another moment came the day4． Tomorrow night came， then skipped to day， again and again， faster and faster still．
方式状语
全部倒装
主语
谓语
我吸了一口气，一把抓住操纵杆，往前推了一下。实验室在我身边变得模糊不清。我的侄女进来拿东西，也许是拿她的手帕，但她显然没看见我。她大约花了一分钟时间，但在我看来，她的动作快如火箭！我把操纵杆再往前推了下。夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。第二天夜晚降临，接着又跃进到白天。如此反复，越来越快。
5 It是________，不定式短语to explain ... time travelling作____
_________
6引导_________从句
7引导______从句
8连接表示_____关系的并列句
It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling5． It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road． As6 my pace grew faster， the walls of the laboratory fell away， and I was left in the open air． The sun and moon looked as if7 they were being thrown across the sky， but8 soon there was division between night and day． Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke; they grew， spread， and died in moments． I saw huge buildings rise up， then disappear like in a dream． The whole surface of the earth was being changed， melting and flowing before my eyes． I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute．
形式主语
真正的主语
时间状语
表语
转折
时间旅行带来的陌生感和不适感是难以解释的。我感到我好像坐在一部汽车里，飞驰在蜿蜒的道路上。我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁随之坍塌，我置身野外。太阳和月亮看起来似乎正被抛向天空，但是很快就有了昼夜之分。环顾四周，我看到树木似青烟升起，不断生长，变得枝繁叶茂，片刻之后枯亡。我看到大楼拔地而起，继而消逝，犹如梦中。地球的整个表面都在变化，在我的眼前熔化、流动。我估算我一分钟要穿越数百年的时间。
9引导____从句，修饰先行词_________
10引导__________从句
11引导_________从句
I had a strong urge to look at the random things that9 were being flashed before my eyes! I had thought about the risk of stopping the Time Machine many times． So long as10 I travelled at maximum speed， it didn‘t matter． But if11 I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else， we would be forced together and explode like a bomb! Like an impatient fool， I pulled the lever backwards hard． With a sudden jolt， the Time Machine was flipped on its side， and I was thrown through the air．
定语
things
条件状语
条件状语
我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看眼前那些随机闪现的东西！我已多次考虑过停下时间机器的风险。只要我以最高的速度前进，就不会有什么问题。但是，如果我停下来，同一空间被别的东西占据，我们就会被挤在一起，然后像炸弹一样爆炸！我就像一个失去耐心的傻瓜，使劲向后拉了下操纵杆。突然一震，时间机器侧翻了，我被抛向了空中。
12引导_____从句，修饰先行词__________
I was stunned for a moment， and then heard the sound of thunder． I was sitting in the rain in some mud next to the machine． “A fine welcome，” I said． “for a man who12 has travelled thousands of years to be here！”
我一时惊呆了，然后听到雷声。我坐在雨中的一堆烂泥上，时间机器躺在一旁。“对一个穿越了数千年才来到这里的人来说，这欢迎真是别开生面！”我说道。
定语
a man
(一)课文理解填空
阅读领悟
give it a last check
skip to day
open air
random things
stun
(二)感知“我”每次推拉操纵杆的情感变化
hesitant
calm
decisive
eager
(三)判断正误(T/F)
1．All Time Machines began its career at ten o'clock today．(____)
2．I saw my niece moved like a rocket！(____)
3．It is hard to explain the strange and pleasant feeling of time travelling．(____)
4．I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute．(____)
5．With a sudden jolt， the Time Machine was thrown through the air．(____)
6．I was welcomed as a man who has travelled thousands of years to be here．(___)
F
T
F
T
F
T
合作探究 课时重点
探究一　热词
1．superior adj． 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的(教材P6)
superiority n． 优越(性)；优势
superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹；优于
superior in ... 在……方面占优势
have superiority over ... 优于……
superiority in ... 在……方面的优越性
①We have a relationship infinitely superior to those of many of our friends．
我们之间的关系远比我们许多朋友之间的关系好得多。
②The company's products are superior in quality．
这家公司的产品在质量上占优势。
③The trained athlete has a clear superiority over the amateurs in the race．
训练有素的运动员在比赛中明显优于业余选手。
④She demonstrated her superiority in mathematical skills during the competition．
在比赛中，她展示了她在数学技能上的优势。
　 (1)superior用作形容词时，本身含有“较……”的意思，所以没有比较级或最高级形式。
(2)“比……强”要用superior to，而不能用superior than。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①This computer is superior ____many aspects．
②Human beings are superior ___animals in that they can use language as a tool to communicate．
③In other words， gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even ____________(superior)．
【学会表达】完成句子
④认为男性在科学方面优于女性的普遍假设是完全错误的。
The general assumption that _________________________________is completely wrong．
in
to
superiority
men are superior to women in science
2．urge n． 强烈的欲望；冲动　vt． 催促；力劝；大力推荐(教材P8)
urgent adj． 急迫的，紧急的
urgently adv． 迫切地；紧急地；急切地
urgency n． 紧迫；急迫；急事
have an urge to do sth 有强烈的欲望做某事
urge sb to do sth 催促/敦促某人做某事
urge on 鼓励；激励；鞭策
①It is actually very urgent for educators to think about the ethics of AI like ChatGPT．
实际上，教育工作者迫切需要思考像ChatGPT这样的人工智能的伦理问题。
②Realizing the urgency， he found he had more things to tell， and the book is the result of that．
意识到这件事的紧迫性，他发现自己有更多的事情要讲，这本书就是由此产生的。
③He had an urge to open a shop of his own．
他很想自己开一家店。
④I urge you to join forces and build trust for peace and security．
我敦促你们联合起来，建立对和平与安全的信任。
⑤Urged on by the crowd， the Italian team scored two more goals．
在观众的鼓励下，意大利队又进了两个球。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①It is a matter of the utmost _______(urge) to find out what has happened to these people．
②You would be well advised to tackle this problem _________ (urgent)．
③The most _______(urge) thing in a fire is to make sure everyone is out of the building．
【学会表达】完成句子
④突然间，她有一种强烈的冲动，决心要完成一场完美的表演。
Suddenly， ______________________________to achieve a perfect performance．
⑤一位同事竭力劝王先生去看医生，但他拒绝了。
A colleague _______________________, but Mr Wang refused．
urgency
urgently
urgent
u she had a strong urge to determine
urged him to see a doctor
3．random adj． 随机的；不可思议的　n． 随意，随机(教材P8)
randomly adv． 随便地，任意地；随机地
a random sample/selection 随机抽样/选择
at random 随意地；随机地；胡乱地
①In her study， participants were randomly assigned to two groups．
在她的研究中，参与者被随机分为两组。
②We asked a random sample/selection of people what they thought．
我们随机选取了一些人，询问他们的想法。
③The winning entry will be the first correct answer drawn at random．
从所有给出正确答案的参赛者中，随机抽出的第一个将获得大奖。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①My phone seems to switch itself off ___________ (random)．
②We received several answers， and we picked one ____random．
【学会表达】翻译
③该调查在北京和天津随机抽取了2，000人的样本。
____________________________________________________________________
randomly
at
The survey used a random sample of two thousand people across Beijing and Tianjin．
4．blurred adj． 模糊不清的；难以区分的→______ v． (使)变得模糊不清；(使)视线模糊
blur
The fast motion of the camera caused the image to blur， resulting in a blurred photograph．
相机的快速移动导致图像变得模糊，结果是一张模糊的照片。
5．hazy adj． 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的→_____ n． (烟尘等的)烟雾；薄雾；迷糊；迷蒙
The haze from the forest fire made the view hazy and difficult to see clearly．
森林火灾产生的烟雾让视野变得朦胧，难以看清。
haze
6．division n． 分开；分隔；差异；除(法)；部门→_______ v． (使)分开；分成……；分；除以
When the company grew too large to manage effectively， the CEO decided to divide it into smaller divisions， each with its own manager and responsibilities．
当公司规模变得过大而无法有效管理时，首席执行官决定将其划分为更小的部门，每个部门都有自己的经理和职责。
divide
7．explode vi．& vt． 爆炸；爆破→_________ n． 爆炸；爆破；爆裂(声)
→__________ adj． 易爆炸的；可能引起爆炸的→_____________ adv．爆
发地；爆炸性地；迅猛地
The police discovered a hidden explosive device in the abandoned building， but it accidentally exploded when defused， causing a loud explosion that shook the whole area．
警察在废弃建筑中发现了一个隐藏的爆炸装置，但在拆除时意外引爆，引发了巨大的爆炸声，震动了整个地区。
explosion
explosive
explosively
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The view from the top of the mountain was ______(haze) due to the thick fog．
②The memory of that day is _________(blur) in my mind; I can't remember all the details．
【学会表达】完成句子
③气球“砰”的一声爆炸了，把孩子们吓了一跳。
The balloon ________________________，surprising the children．
④学校的学生群体分为三个部门：小学、中学和高中。
The school's student body _________________________ : elementary， middle， and high school．
hazy
blurred
exploded with a loud pop
is divided into three divisions
8　grip
[熟义] vt．& vi． 紧握；抓紧
[生义] n．______________
理解；了解
①The baby gripped my finger with her tiny hand．
婴儿用她的小手抓紧我的手指。
②I couldn't get a grip on what was going on．
我无法理解正在发生的事情。
【学会运用】同义词替换
①Grip the rope as tightly as you can．________
【学会表达】翻译
②虽然苏是生手，但她完全了解她工作的细节。
____________________________________________________________________
Grasp
Though Sue is a green hand， she‘s completely at grips with the details of her job．
探究二　短语
9．take over 占上风； 取而代之； 接管； 接手(教材P6)
over其他相关短语：
look over 从……上看过去；检查；翻阅；浏览
blow over 平息；烟消云散
fall over 摔倒；跌倒；倒下
turn over 移交；翻过来
go over 仔细检查；复习；通过；穿过
get over 从(不快或疾病中)恢复过来；克服，战胜(困难)
think over 仔细考虑；认真思考
spread over 分散；传开
①When the previous owner passed away， his nephew took over the family business．
前老板去世后，他的侄子接管了家族企业。
②The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background．
这个位置使我们能够以日落为背景俯瞰湖面。(景色描写)
③They weren't speaking to each other， but I think it's blown over now．
他们没有交谈，但我想现在一切都结束了。
④It takes you a while to get over an illness like that．
这种病你需要一段时间才能痊愈。
⑤A series of five interviews will be spread over two days．
一共五次面谈，分两天进行。
【学会运用】用over的相关短语填空
①As soon as my front foot slipped， I lost my balance and _________．
②I suggest you should ___________your position．
③It took me a very long time to _________the shock of her death．
【学会表达】翻译
④剩下的设备应移交上级机关。
______________________________________________________________
⑤他的公司负债后被另一家公司接管了。
__________________________________________________________
fell over
think over
get over
The remaining equipment should be turned over to the higher authorities．
His company was taken over by another one after it fell into debt．
10．fall away (逐渐)减少；消失(教材P8)
fall其他相关短语：
fall down 摔倒
fall apart 破碎；破裂；崩溃
fall behind 落后；掉队
fall over 被……绊倒；意外地从……上跌落
fall in love with 爱上……
fall on适逢(某日)；降落在……上
fall into ruin 成为废墟
fall to the ground 摔倒在地；失败；落空
①If you take this medicine， all your symptoms will fall away．
如果你服用这种药物，你的所有症状将会消失。
②The old couch started to fall apart after years of heavy use．
这张旧沙发经过多年的重度使用后开始散架。
③In recent years， the country has fallen behind in its development compared to its neighbors．
近年来，这个国家在发展上落后于邻国。
④We fell in love with the car at first sight．
我们第一眼看到这辆车就喜欢上了它。
⑤He lost his balance and fell to the ground．
他失去平衡摔倒在地。(动作描写)
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Running in the hallways could cause a student to fall _______．
②What would you do if you saw a senior person fall ____the ground
③They used to be good friends， but fell _______last week．
【学会表达】完成句子
④地震过后，许多古代的雕塑都毁了。
_________________________________after the earthquake．
⑤由于缺少煤，电站的发电量减少了。
Owing to shortage of the coal， __________________________________．
down
to
apart
Many ancient sculptures fell into ruin
output from the power stations fell away
探究三　长难句分析
11．It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career．(教材P8)
上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。
【分析】　“It was ... that ...”为强调句型，此处强调时间状语at ten o'clock today。
强调句型：
基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分(通常为主语、宾语或状语)＋that/who(强调主语且指人)＋其他
一般疑问句：“Is/Was it ... ＋that ...？”
特殊疑问句：“特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that ...？”
“not ... until ...”句型的强调结构为 “it is/was not until ... that ...”
强调谓语时，用“do/does/did＋动词原形”
①He bought the book in this shop yesterday．
→It was he that/who bought the book in this shop yesterday． (强调主语he)
→It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday． (强调宾语the book)
→It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday． (强调地点状语in this shop)
→It was yesterday that he bought the book in this shop． (强调时间状语yesterday)
昨天他在这家商店买了这本书。
②Was it ten years ago that his father died
他的父亲是十年前去世的吗？
③It was not until the rain stopped that I went home．
直到雨停了我才回家。
④Do be careful with the experiment you're doing．
做实验时一定要小心。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①It was when I got back to my apartment ____I first came across my new neighbors．
②It was ____ until she collected enough material that she began to create her new novel．
③She rarely speaks at our meeting， but when she _____(do) speak， she is always to the point．
【学会表达】翻译
④他是因为生病才没有来吗？
_________________________________________
that
not
does
Is it because he is ill that he can't come
对点练习 巩固所学
维度一　高频词汇
(一)写出下列单词和短语的英文
1．______ n． 操纵杆；杠杆
2．______ n． 侄女；外甥女
3．___________ adv． 向后；倒着；往回
4．________ adj． 随机的；不可思议的
5．_____ vt． 使震惊，使昏迷
lever
niece
backwards
random
stun
6．__________________ 有强烈的欲望做某事
7．___________ 与……冲突或抵触
8．__________ 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
9．__________ (逐渐)减少；消失
10．__________ 比……更好；更胜一筹
have an urge to do sth
conflict with
take over
fall away
superior to
(二)写出下列句子中加黑部分的汉语释义
1．To ensure safety， the maximum weight limit for this lift is 500 kilograms．
____________
2．He blew a puff of smoke into the air， looking thoughtful．______
3．He labored for many years to earn enough money to buy a house．__________
4．We jolted along rough wet roads through an endless banana plantation．______
5．He set up a three man panel to advise him．_____________
最大极限的
一缕
努力工作
摇晃
专家咨询组
维度二　语境运用
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．This may have been an improvement， but “breakthrough” was an ______________(overstate)．
2．It is said that the winning numbers are _________(random) selected by computer．
3．At work， robots will take ______most jobs in the manufacturing industries．
4．There were two loud ___________(explode) and then the building burst into flames．
5．While you have the iron on， you‘ll just finish those ______________________
(handkerchief)．
overstatement
randomly
over
explosions
handkerchieves/handkerchiefs
(四)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的加黑部分
1．I was astonished and not a little shocked by what she said．_________
2．He's just gone to get the doctor from hospital．_______
3．Through the hazy window， I could barely make out the figure of a person walking in the distance．_________
4．Most people walk at an average step of 5 kilometres an hour．_______
5．He made a casual remark that didn't mean much to anyone．________
stunned
blur， pace， random， stun， fetch
fetch
blurred
pace
random
维度三　能力提升
(五)长难句分析
(2024· 新课标Ⅰ卷)These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens， and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change， I wanted to know: Are they usable
句意：现在，这些观察结果的数量超过了来自实物标本的原始数据，而由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道：这些观察数据可靠吗？
分析：本句是一个并列复合句。前一分句中的that引导____从句，修饰先行词_____________；后一分句中的since引导____________从句，how引导______从句，作动词investigate的宾语。
定语
the primary data
原因状语
宾语
(六)句型转换
1．Someone flipped the table during the fight．(改为被动语态)
→____________________________________________
2．Her image of calm， control， and discipline appealed to millions of voters．(改为强调句，强调主语)
→_____________________________________________________________________________
The table was flipped during the fight by someone．
It was her image of calm， control， and discipline that appealed to millions of voters．
维度四　素养提升
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．The human mind will always be __________(更胜一筹) machines．
2．If so， your points of view are bound to ___________(与……冲突) hers．
3．The houses ___________(逐渐消失) as we left the city．
superior to
conflict with
fell away
(八)翻译
1．随着高考的来临，我们的老师敦促我们努力学习。(urge)
_________________________________________________________________________________
2．直到她到了办公室，她才意识到她昨晚忘了关空调。(强调句)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Our teachers urge us to study hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near．
It was not until she arrived at the office that she realized she had forgotten to turn off the air conditioning last night．
课后课时作业（一）
较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比70%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ　阅读
A
(2024·辽宁省七校协作体高二下月考)At the end of 2019， I learned that Here After AI， whose goal is to let the living communicate with the dead， was looking for applicants of its new AI project． Interested in what it was promising， I applied to experiment the software on my very much alive parents．
At first， I thought it would be just a fun project to see what was technologically possible． Then their health condition added some urgency to the experiment． I was frightened that my parents might die since my father had been diagnosed with cancer and my mother was recently developing symptoms of early Alzheimer‘s disease， and that with the distance between us， I might never have the chance to say goodbye．
The first step was an interview． My parents were asked questions by a technician for hours—about everything from their earliest memories to what they believe will happen after they die． Whether through illness generated concerns or a willingness to humor their daughter， my parents put up zero resistance． The company then took their responses and started to create the voice assistants． A few months later， my virtual parents arrived via email attachment．
When I communicated with them through the app on my phone， my hands were shaking． I hadn‘t seen my actual， real parents for six months． They told me personal stories I’d never heard． They gave me life advice and told me things about their childhoods， as well as my own． It was mesmerizing．
Personally， I have mixed feelings about my experiment． I'm glad to have my virtual parents．They've enabled me to learn new things about my parents， and it's comforting to think that those softwares will be there even when my parents aren't． On the other hand， I can't help but find it sad that it took a stranger interviewing my parents for me to properly appreciate the complex people they are． But I feel lucky to have had the chance to grasp that and to still have the precious opportunity to spend more time with them and learn more about them， face to face， no technology involved．
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参与Here After AI项目，通过AI技术与虚拟的父母进行交流的经历和感受。
1．Why did the author initially join the AI project
A．To test out the new technology．
B．To preserve her parents' voice．
C．To learn more about her parents' life．
D．To remove the worry about her parents‘ health．
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At first， I thought ... was technologically possible．”可知，作者最初加入这个项目的主要目的是测试新技术可能是什么样子。故选A。
2．What can we learn about the author's parents
A．They liked talking a lot．
B．They died from the illnesses．
C．They opposed joining the project at first．
D．They provided data for the project．
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“My parents were asked questions ... started to create the voice assistants．”可知，作者的父母为项目提供了数据。故选D。
3．What does the underlined word “mesmerizing” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Alarming． B．Fascinating．
C．Inspiring． D．Disgusting．
解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“I hadn't seen my actual ... as well as my own．”可知，作者已有六个月没有见过自己真正的父母了，他们向作者讲述了以前作者从没听过的个人故事，给予作者人生建议，告诉作者他们童年的事情，以及关于作者的事情，这是令人着迷的。画线词意为“令人着迷的”。故选B。
4．What does the author realize at last
A．AI means never saying goodbye to our parents．
B．The advances in AI technology have pros and cons．
C．The real connection with our parents matters most．
D．AI allows us to learn more about our virtual parents．
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But I feel lucky ... no technology involved．”可知，作者感到很幸运，有宝贵的机会能够面对面地与他们相处，更多地了解他们，无需任何技术的介入，由此可推知，作者意识到了与父母的真正联系是最重要的。故选C。
B
(2024·江苏省南京市高二下月考)Laughter comes in many forms， from a polite and quiet laugh to a great hearty laugh． Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts． The team behind the laughing robot Erica said that the system could improve natural conversations between people and an AI robot． “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy，” said Dr Koji Inoue， the lead author of the research． “So we decided that one way a robot can empathize with its users is to share their laughter．”
The team have set out to teach their AI system the art of conversational laughter． They gathered training data from more than 80 daily dialogues between male subjects and the robot that was initially operated by four actresses remotely． The dialogue data was grouped into social laughs (where polite or embarrassed laughter isn‘t involved) and laughter of joy． Based on the audio files， the algorithm (算法) learned the basic characteristics of social laughs， which tend to be softer， and merry laughs， with the aim of mirroring these inappropriate situations．
“Our biggest obstructor in the work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter because as you know， most laughter is actually not shared at all，” said Inoue． “We had to carefully decide exactly which laughs we could use for our analysis and we couldn‘t just assume that any laugh can be responded to． It was really not easy work．” The team said laughter could help create robots with their own distinct character although it could take more than 20 years before it would be possible to have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家正在研究一款可以笑的机器人。
“One of the things we‘d keep in mind is that a laughing robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you or the meaning of laughter，” points out Prof． Sandra Wachter of the Oxford Internet Institute． “But with their development， they might get very good at tricking you into believing they understand what’s going on．”
5．Why did Inoue's team develop the AI system
A．To better understand human empathy．
B．To promote the social skills of robots．
C．To explore the differences between laughs．
D．To assist robots in identifying people’s moods．
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Scientists are now developing an AI system ... an AI robot．”可知，科学家们目前正在开发一种人工智能系统，在适当的社交环境中重现不同的笑声。该团队表示，该系统可以提高人与人工智能机器人之间的自然对话。由此可推知，该团队开发人工智能系统是为了提高机器人的社交技能。故选B。
6．What can robot Erica probably do at present
A．Repeat the details of the 80 dialogues．
B．Distinguish people by hearing their laughs．
C．Recreate a scene played by the four actresses．
D．Master the features of laughs provided by data．
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，该团队已经开始教授机器人谈笑的艺术，数据包括了笑的特征，由此可推知，机器人Erica (埃里卡)可能掌握了目前数据提供的笑的特征。故选D。
7．What does the underlined word “obstructor” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Potential． B．Barrier．
C．Alternative． D．Division．
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Our biggest obstructor ... It was really not easy work．”可知，现在确定分享笑声的实际案例不是一件容易的事情，这是研究人员工作中最大的“障碍”，由此可知，obstructor意为“障碍”。故选B。
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Are AI systems going beyond human ability
B．Can conversational AI really understand us
C．Laughing robots are round the corner
D．Robots become laughing masters
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家正在研究一款可以笑的机器人。C项(会笑的机器人即将问世)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
Ⅱ　应用文写作
(2024·云南师范大学附属中学高二下月考)假定你是李华，随着科技的发展，机器人将成为人们生活中的一部分，为了让同学们更好地了解机器人，你校决定举行主题为“The Development and Application of Robots”的演讲比赛。你有意向参加，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1．机器人的发展；
2．机器人的应用。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
[精彩范文]
Good morning， everyone!
It's my great honor to deliver my speech on the Development and Application of Robots．
With the development of science and technology， robots will surely play a more and more important role in many aspects． To begin with， they will be good helpers in people's daily life like helping people do the housework． Besides， robots will be widely used in the medical field． For example， nanobots are a new technique for fighting cancer cells． As for education， they are an effective way to stimulate students' interest in learning， especially pupils'．
That‘s all． Thank you for listening．
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·江苏省镇江市八校高二下联考)I was always the little girl who played with magnets on the kitchen floor． I pieced together model roller coasters and exhausted a lot of science kits． Learning from my dad as he designed robots， I formed my own ideas， including an automatic breakfast machine． At 14 years old， I applied to my high school’s Academy of Science， Engineering， and High Technology．As is unfortunately
读后续写
typical in engineering， female students were critically underrepresented in this academy—there were a mere twenty of us out of ninety total students． This was a tough challenge for me: as an ambitious female engineer， I needed to advocate my own talents and abilities in a field where women are often marginalized (边缘化)．
Within the first month of the freshman year， we began our first project: a wooden can crusher (压罐器)． I had worked on projects with boys before， but those were nothing like this． The three of us had one month to research， design， build， and test our device—a month full of arguing and frustration． My suggestions were turned down． And I was assigned the “default (默认的) female role” of timekeeper and documentation． I wasn‘t expected to be capable of contributing to anything else． We finished with a functional can crusher， but I knew this was not how I wanted to continue as a female engineer．
By the time junior year rolled around， it was time to face the year long Engineering Design and Development (EDD) project and state competition． When I agreed to work with two other girls， I had no idea that this would entirely change my perspective of my ability as a team member， a leader and an engineer． For this competition， we created a garage parking aid to help drivers prevent side view mirror damage． Within our team， we created a safe space where we all valued each other‘s input and carried equal responsibilities． After countless experiments and sleepless nights， we were awarded third place at EDD State， which helped me find the confidence I didn’t have before．
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Then came the final year long project for me， an academy senior． ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
Thanks to all these experiences， I’ve grown a lot．﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
1．Read for characters (人物)
I，_______________,_______________
2．Read for conflict/problems (冲突/问题)
I needed to advocate my own talents and abilities in a field where __________________________．
5R解读故事
boy teammates
women are often marginalized
two other girls
3．Read for plot (情节)
4．Read for emotional changes (情感变化)
The three of us had one month to research， design， build， and test our device—a month full of _________and _________． After countless experiments and sleepless nights， we were awarded third place at EDD State， which helped me find the ____________I didn't have before．
5．Read for theme (主题)
_____________________________________________， I succeeded in the final year long project．
arguing
frustration
confidence
Dreaming of becoming an ambitious female engineer
Step 1：先写最后一句(主题句)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 2：再写衔接句(第一段的最后一句)
_____________________________________________
I have been determined to succeed as a biomedical engineer， designing and innovating medical equipment to improve healthcare and human life．
4步确定框架
I felt proud I bravely soldiered on my dreams．
Step 3：根据所给段首语句写角色的情感
第一段：
I created a team of people whom ____________and who __________________． I felt __________of my team．
第二段：
I think I have gained ______________________for myself and the abilities as a leader and a strong team member． I know I‘ll encounter many thistles and thorns in the future life， but I ______________．
I respected
respected me in return
proud
the courage to stand up
don’t fear
Step 4：补全续写每段的中间内容
第一段：
As a group of two guys and two girls， we all brainstormed， calculated， designed and constructed together． I remember the numerous times when we washed oil and metal remains off our hands together after the laborious work． I also remember we once _______________several technical problems; however， we _______________to tackle them． After what seemed like centuries， a two passenger， gasoline powered go kart ______________． The other day， when we tested it out at the top speed of 27 mph， we ___________． At that moment， I felt _________of my team．
got stuck with
spared no effort
was completed
felt excited
proud
第二段：
In the process of growth， I learn to be _______． I understand the meaning of ____________and ___________． I want to ______________for cultivating my interest in engineering．
patient
confidence
cooperation
thank my dad
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者梦想成为一名工程师，然而，在大一的一个木制压罐器的项目中作者因为是女性而被边缘化。为了改变这种状况，作者在大三时与两个女孩合作参加了EDD州际比赛并获得了第三名。最后一学年的项目比赛来临，作者会怎样应对？作者收获了什么？
[精彩范文]
Then came the final year long project for me， an academy senior． I created a team of people whom I respected and who respected me in return． As a group of two guys and two girls， we all brainstormed， calculated， designed and constructed together． I remember the numerous times when we washed oil and metal remains off our hands together after the laborious work． I also remember we once got stuck with several technical problems; however， we spared no effort to tackle them． After what seemed like centuries， a two passenger， gasoline powered go kart was completed． The other day， when we tested it out at the top speed of 27 mph， we felt excited． At that moment， I felt proud of my team． I felt proud I bravely soldiered on my dreams．
Thanks to all these experiences， I‘ve grown a lot． I think I have gained the courage to stand up for myself and the abilities as a leader and a strong team member． In the process of growth， I learn to be patient． I understand the meaning of confidence and cooperation． I want to thank my dad for cultivating my interest in engineering． I know I’ll encounter many thistles and thorns in the future life， but I don‘t fear． I have been determined to succeed as a biomedical engineer， designing and innovating medical equipment to improve healthcare and human life．
情节逻辑(范文和自己想的有何不同)
语言表达(原文和范文中有哪些表达更地道更准确) 1．
2．
3．
课后课时作业（二）
较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比40%)　拔高题(占比30%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
难度 ★ ★★★ ★★
Ⅰ　阅读
A
(2024·山西省太原市高二下期中)
Artificial Intelligence Professional Program
Stanford Online Artificial Intelligence courses let you virtually step into the classrooms of Stanford professors who lead the AI revolution． The courses， beginning on Wednesday May 1， are based on Stanford graduate courses， but adapted for the needs of working professionals．
Before enrolling in your first course， you need to apply for an online interview with your professor (15 20 minutes)． The interaction allows you to tell your professor about your interest in joining， as well as confirm that you meet the essential requirements (Proficiency in Python， College Calculus， Linear Algebra and Probability Theory)．
The courses will equip you with the skills and confidence to：
Learn basic AI technologies to operate AI models and tools．
Evaluate performance of AI models accurately．
Carry out search algorithms to find the shortest paths and plan motions for the general use robots．
Guard against various types of cyber crimes to keep information safe．
What you will earn：
You‘ll earn a Stanford Professional Certificate in Artificial Intelligence when you successfully complete either three 10 week courses in the AI professional education program or two courses in the AI professional education program plus one course in the AI graduate program． All the courses in the program will be accessible through Wednesday July 31．
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学在线人工智能课程的相关信息。
1．What is necessary to enter for the program according to the text
A．A graduate certificate． B．A Stanford's scholarship．
C．An interview on the Internet． D．A professor‘s recommendation．
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Before enrolling in ... your professor (15 20 minutes)．”可知，报名的必要条件是先进行网上面试。故选C。
2．Which of the following skills can be gained from the program
A．Updating AI models． B．Maintaining cyber security．
C．Predicting future accurately． D．Inventing robots with new functions．
解析：细节理解题。根据The courses will equip you with the skills and confidence to部分中的“Guard against ... keep information safe．”可知，维护网络安全可以从课程中获得。故选B。
3．How long will the program last
A．Four weeks． B．Two months．
C．Ten weeks． D．Three months．
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The courses， beginning on Wednesday May 1”以及What you will earn部分中的“All the courses ... through Wednesday July 31．”可知，这个项目将从5月1日持续到7月31日，历时三个月。故选D。
B
(2024·湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中联盟高二下期中)A simple sponge (海绵) has improved how robots grasp， scientists from the University of Bristol have found． This easy to make device can help stiff robots handle delicate items carefully by mimicking the touch， or variable stiffness， of a human．
Robots can skip and jump， but they‘re too rigid to hold an egg easily． Variable stiffness devices are potential solutions for reducing damage to hard robots， or for improving the load capacity of soft robots．
This study， published at the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2023， shows that variable stiffness can be achieved by a silicone (硅胶) sponge．
Lead author Tianqi Yue from the University of Bristol explained， “Robotic arms are too rigid (僵硬的) so they cannot make such a soft human like grasp on delicate objects， for example， an egg． What makes humans different from robotic arms is that we have soft tissues enclosing rigid bones， which act as a natural mitigating (缓和的) mechanism． In this paper， we managed to develop a soft device with variable stiffness， to be mounted on the end of a robotic arm to make the robot object contact safe．”
Silicone sponge is just like the cleaning sponge used in everyday tasks． By pressing the sponge， the sponge stiffens， which is why it can be transformed into a variable stiffness device．
This device could be used in industrial robots and service robots to make human robot interaction safer．
Mr Yue added， “We managed to use a sponge to make a cheap but effective device that can help robots achieve soft contact with objects． The great potential comes from its low cost and light weight． We believe this silicone sponge based variable stiffness device will provide a novel solution in industry and healthcare．”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从特点和优势两方面介绍了一种可以帮助机器人处理易碎物品的装置。
The team will now look at making the device achieve variable stiffness in multiple directions．
4．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Stimulating． B．Imitating．
C．Restoring． D．Demonstrating．
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“This easy to make device ... of a human．”可知，这个易于制作的装置可以帮助僵硬的机器人通过模仿人类的触摸或可变刚度来小心地处理易碎物品。画线词意为“模仿”。故选B。
5．Which of the following robots can be dealt with by a variable stiffness device
A．Robots that are unable to grasp objects．
B．Robots that are too rigid to skip and jump．
C．Robots that are incapable of getting around．
D．Robots that lack the capacity to grasp fragile stuff．
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，缺乏抓住易碎物品能力的机器人可以用可变刚度装置来解决这个问题。故选D。
6．Why is silicone sponge selected to be an ideal solution
A．It has natural soft tissues．
B．It is inexpensive and lightweight．
C．It can help robots achieve contact with objects．
D．It can function as a cleaning instrument once pressed．
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“We managed to use a sponge ... and light weight．”可知，选择硅胶海绵作为理想的解决方案是因为它既便宜又轻便。故选B。
7．What's the purpose of the text
A．To persuade． B．To entertain．
C．To educate． D．To inform．
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要从特点和优势两方面介绍了一种可以帮助机器人处理易碎物品的装置。由此可推知，文章的目的是告知。故选D。
Ⅱ　七选五
(2024·山东省临沂市高二下期末)Does alien life exist It's a question many people have tried to answer． __1__ AI is a type of program that allows a computer to learn from experience and perform tasks that usually require human intelligence． AI works by taking in lots of data， then making predictions based on it．
The research team used their AI method to analyze different materials and determine whether they were biotic (生物性的) or abiotic． __2__
To train the AI program， the researchers gave it data on 134 biotic and abiotic materials． The program then used that knowledge to predict whether things like human hair， bones， teeth， eaves， coal， and chemicals were alive or not． __3__
__4__ “We may be able to find a life form from another planet，” said Robert Hazen of the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington， DC．“If we do find signs of life elsewhere， we can tell if life on Earth and other planets derived from a common or different origin．” For now， though， the team is focused on ancient rock samples from Earth to learn more about life on our own planet and where it originated． For example， the tool could be used to settle a disagreement among scientists about 3．5 billion year old rocks from Western Australia． __5__ However， others think the rocks just have unusual patterns．
The AI could also be used to examine samples from Mars collected by the Perseverance over． NASA put this wheeled robot on the red planet to search for evidence that Mars has the right conditions to support life． Perseverance is gathering rock samples that will be brought to Earth in 2033．
A．People's answers are various．
B．Some experts believe AI can't tell their origin．
C．The researchers said the AI was 90% accurate．
D．The scientists also think the AI tool could detect alien life forms．
E．Some experts believe the rocks contain Earth's oldest fossil samples．
F．Now scientists have identified a new method for finding alien life using AI．
G．The AI also could tell whether a biotic sample was currently living or a fossil．
篇章导读：篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的方法，即使用人工智能来寻找外星生命。
1．答案：F
解析：根据前文“Does alien life exist ... tried to answer．(外星生命存在吗？这是一个很多人都试图回答的问题。)”可知，F项(现在，科学家们发现了一种利用人工智能寻找外星生命的新方法。)承接前文。故选F。
2．答案： G
解析：根据前文“The research team ... biotic (生物性的) or abiotic．”可知，本段主要讲述人工智能在分析材料方面的运用。G项(人工智能还可以判断生物样本目前是活的还是化石。)承接前文。故选G。
3．答案：C
解析：根据前文“To train the AI program ... were alive or not．”可知，本段讲述研究人员如何训练人工智能。C项(研究人员表示，人工智能的准确率为90%。)承接前文，说明训练的结果。故选C。
4．答案： D
解析：根据后文“We may be able to ... in Washington， DC．”可知，本段讲述人工智能能帮助探测生命形式。D项(科学家们还认为，这种人工智能工具可以探测到外星的生命形式。)引出后文。故选D。
5．答案： E
解析：根据前文“For example ... from Western Australia．(例如，这个工具可以用来解决科学家们对来自西澳大利亚的大约35亿年前的岩石的分歧。)”可知，E项(一些专家认为这些岩石含有地球上最古老的化石样本。)承接前文，讲述对岩石的研究。故选E。
单元写作
单元写作——短篇科幻故事
科幻故事是根据科学知识编写出来的故事，大多是虚构的，需要发挥自己的想象力。在写科幻故事时，不必加入太多科学原理，只要能自圆其说、有缘有故即可。不过，一般情况下，所写的科幻故事不能只是幻想，还要揭示一些道理。另外，在写作时也要注意以下几点：
1．科幻故事类文章和记叙文一样，常用一般过去时来叙述故事的起因、经过和结果。
2．科幻故事需要丰富的语言，因此要重点掌握词汇和句式的运用，只有这样才能使文章丰满、充实而不空洞。
3．虽然短篇科幻故事需要发挥自己的想象力，但也要在结尾体现出积极正面的思想，不可以一味天马行空地放飞想象，要找准落脚点，才能精准点题。
It was hot at night and I couldn't fall asleep in the tent， ________________(起因)． The sky was clear and ______________ (特别现象)．
Suddenly a bright light flashed across the sky and ________________ (描述一)， which looked just like the one in the book I had read during the day． I quickly hid behind a stone and ________________ (描述二)． He walked into my tent and came out with something in his hand． The UFO then flew away． I immediately ran into my tent and ________________ (描述三)．
I was so puzzled that I couldn't believe what I had seen． But I decided that the next time the alien came， ________________ (结局)．
1．It's exciting to imagine a life with robots to satisfy our various needs．
想象有机器人满足我们各种需求的生活，这很令人兴奋。
2．As science and technology develop， life in the future will be greatly different from what it is today．
随着科技的发展，未来的生活将与今天的生活大不相同。
3．Robots were easy to see everywhere and people were working busily at a rapid pace．
机器人随处可见，人们以一种快节奏忙碌地工作着。
※开头常用句式
1．After a long time， we landed another planet， where I saw many aliens．
过了很长一段时间，我们登陆了另一个星球，在那里我看到了很多外星人。
2．In a small laboratory tucked away in a remote corner of the world， she was focusing on her latest research project．
在世界偏远角落的一个小实验室里，她正专注于她最新的研究项目。
3．The floating city will be located on a man made island， which will be almost entirely covered by plants．
这座漂浮城市将建在一座人工岛上，岛上几乎完全被植物覆盖。
※主体段落常用句式
4．Looking around， I found myself surrounded by many smart devices．
环顾四周，我发现自己被许多智能设备包围。
5．Travel will be easier for us because we have more advanced tools．
旅行对我们来说将会更容易，因为我们有更先进的工具。
6．By using robots， we can do a lot of things that we didn't have the ability to do in the past．
使用机器人，我们可以做很多我们过去没有能力做的事情。
1．How I wish to fly into the future world with the time machine!
我多么想通过时间机器飞进未来的世界！
2．Taking everything into consideration， we have great confidence in building new homes for humans on Mars．
综合考虑各种因素，我们很有信心在火星上建造人类的新家园。
3．In conclusion， I think life in the future will be much better than it is now．
总之，我认为未来的生活会比现在好得多。
※结尾常用句式
你校学生会正在举办科幻故事征文比赛，请你写一个关于时间机器的故事参加比赛。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：摩天大楼skyscraper
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[精彩范文]
In a laboratory， Dr Evan stood by his latest invention—a time machine． With a mix of excitement and anticipation， he adjusted the controls， setting the destination to a century in the future．
As he stepped into the machine， a red flash illuminated him． Suddenly， Dr Evan emerged in a world he couldn‘t have imagined．
Skyscrapers reached towards the clouds， and cars glided through the air． The future was a marvel， yet it felt oddly empty without the familiarity of the past． Realizing the value of his own time， Dr Evan quickly set the machine to return． Back in his laboratory， Dr Evan smiled， knowing he had witnessed the miracle of time travel． But he also understood that no matter how far technology advanced， the true essence of life lay in the moments we lived， not just the places we visited．

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