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英语　选择性必修·第四册［RJ］
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
——Build up your vocabulary——
一、构词法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
en 使成为；使变成；置于……中；到……里 entitle， encage， enchain， enclose， encave
pre 前面的；预先的 premier， previous， president， precision， precious
ward 向……；向着 straightforward， onward， backward， earthward， homeward
ation 表示行为，行为的过程或结果 foundation， adaptation， allocation， calculation， exploration
二、制作以“澳大利亚代表性风物”为主题的思维导图
——Discover useful structures——
一、阅读单词及词块：写出汉语含义
1．minister n． 部长；大臣；外交使节
2．prime minister 首相；总理
3．frog n． 蛙；青蛙
4．arrow n． 箭；箭头
5．getaway n． 适合度假的地方
6．kayaking n． 划皮艇
7．peak season 高峰季节
8．domain n． 领域；领土；范围
9．golf n． 高尔夫球运动
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．entitle vt． 给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利
2．dive vi．& n． 潜水；跳水；俯冲
3．freedom n． 自由；不受……影响的状态
4．liberty n． 自由
5．sample n． 样本；样品
6．monument n． 纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
　sponsor vt． 倡议；赞助；主办　n． (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者→sponsorship n． 资助；主办；倡议
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
strait 熟义：n． 海峡
生义：n． 困境
写出下列句子中的过去分词(短语)及其语法作用
1．The concert given by their friends was a success．given by their friends；作定语
2．Tan was admitted as a dancer by the company of San Francisco Ballet， soon after which she got promoted to be its leading dancer．promoted；作表语
3．The result of the competition wasn't made known to the public until ten days later． known；作主语补足语
4．Disappointed by the result， the candidate left the stage with tears in her eyes． Disappointed；作原因状语
5．To guarantee security， children， when accompanied by their parents， are allowed to enter the stadium．
accompanied by their parents；与连词连用作时间状语
6．New words explained， the text became easier for us to learn． explained；独立主格作原因状语
7．Most of us went to see her last weekend， some girls included． included；独立主格作伴随状语
8．With his attention focused on his homework， he forgot all about what I had told him． focused on；宾语补足语
探究一　热词
1．entitle vt． 给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利(教材P16)
entitlement n． (拥有某物或做某事的)权利，资格；有权得到的东西 entitle sb to (do) sth 授权某人(做)某事；某人拥有(做)某事/物的权利 be/feel entitled to (do) sth 有(做)某事的资格/权利
①We have no record of your entitlement to free travel．
我们没有让你免费旅行的凭据。
②Being unemployed entitles you to free medical treatment．
失业使你有权享受免费医疗。
③Elderly people are entitled to receive needs based and personalized services in line with their expectations．
长者有权根据他们的需要，获得符合他们期望的个性化服务。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①All groups are entitled to this money without distinction．
②Managers have generous leave entitlement (entitle)．
③A documentary entitled (entitle) “The Price of Perfection” provided us with lots of warnings．
【学会表达】翻译
④她劳累了一天，觉得理应休息一下了。
After a hard day's work， she felt entitled to a rest．
2．dive vi．& n． 潜水；跳水；俯冲(教材P16)
diver n． 潜水员；跳水者；跳水运动员 dive off (从高处)头朝下跳入水中 dive in 跳水；开始做某事 dive into 头朝下跳入水中；迅速将手伸入(包或口袋里)；投入 dive for 潜入水中打捞东西；扑向
①My friends and I liked to dive off the bridge， which has left me with some beautiful childhood memories．
我和朋友们喜欢从桥上跳进水里，这给我留下了一些美好的童年回忆。
②She was standing by a pool， about to dive in．
她正站在池边，准备跳水。
③I'm afraid to dive into the water．
我害怕潜入水中。
④They dived for cover when they heard the shooting start．
他们一听到枪声就赶紧找地方躲起来。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We squatted beside the pool and watched the diver (dive) sink slowly down．
②The goalkeeper made a valiant dive for the ball， but couldn't stop it going in the net．
【学会表达】完成句子
③她迅速将手伸进包里，拿出几个硬币。
She dived into her bag and took out a couple of coins．
3．freedom n． 自由；不受……影响的状态；自由权(教材P16)
free adj． 免费的；自由的　v． 使摆脱；使自由 freedom of ．．． ……(指权利)的自由 freedom from 摆脱……；不受……影响 have the freedom to do sth 有做某事的自由/权利 give sb freedom 给予某人自由 individual/academic/economic freedom 个人/学术/经济自由 for free 免费 free sb from sth 使某人摆脱某事
①It was a pioneering work about supporting the freedom of marriage．
这是一部支持婚姻自由的开创性作品。
②We demand freedom from injustice．
我们要求摆脱不公平的待遇。
③We have the freedom to do just what we like．
我们有做自己喜欢的事的自由。
④We will install your washing machine for free．
我们将免费为您安装洗衣机。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The 30 year old driver is trying to free himself from his hard life．
②Latterly his painting has shown a new freedom (free) of expression．
③Today we have the freedom to decide (decide) our own class．
【学会表达】完成句子
④开发人员有选择什么对他们的工作最有利的自由。
Developers have the freedom to choose what works best for them．
4．sponsor vt． 倡议；赞助；主办　n． (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者→sponsorship n． 资助；主办；倡议
The company sponsored the charity event， and their generous sponsorship helped to make it a huge success．
这家公司主办了这场慈善活动，他们慷慨的赞助使得活动取得了巨大的成功。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The sponsorship (sponsor) of the local business community has been instrumental in the construction of the new community center．
【学会表达】完成句子
②这家运动品牌决定赞助即将举行的国际马拉松赛事，展示了其对推广健康生活方式的承诺。
The sports brand decided to sponsor the upcoming international marathon， showcasing its commitment to promoting healthy lifestyles．
5　strait
[熟义] n． 海峡 [生义] n． 困境
①An estimated 1，600 vessels pass through the strait annually．
估计每年有1，600艘船经过这个海峡。
②She found herself in desperate financial straits．
她发现自己经济状况极为窘迫。
【学会运用】同义词替换
①The company's closure has left many small businessmen in desperate financial straits． difficulties
【学会表达】完成句子
②这艘船小心翼翼地穿过了狭窄的海峡，避开了可能损坏船体的礁石浅滩。
The ship carefully navigated the narrow strait， avoiding the rocky shoals that threatened to damage its hull．
探究二　过去分词(复习)
过去分词：过去分词的用法十分广泛，可作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语等，还可用在独立主格结构中。但过去分词不能作主语或宾语。
语法点1　作定语
(1)过去分词作前置定语
①They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard．
他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。
②We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions．
我们必须让我们的思想适应变化的形势。
(2)过去分词短语作后置定语
①The paintings stolen from the museum haven't been found．
博物馆失窃的画仍未找到。
②The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager．
外国专家提出的建议被经理采纳了。
语法点2　作状语
(1)可位于句首、句末或句中
①Given more time， we could do it much better．
多给一些时间，我们会做得更好。
②The professor came in， followed by a group of young people．
教授走进来，后面跟着一群年轻人。
③Mr Green， deeply moved， thanked us again and again．
格林先生深受感动，一再向我们致谢。
(2)单独一个过去分词也可作状语
①Heated， water changes into steam．
水加热时就会变成水蒸气。
②She turned away， disappointed．
她失望地转身离开。
(3)过去分词可与连词连用作状语
①Once published， this dictionary will be very popular．
一旦出版，这本字典将会非常受欢迎。
②When asked why he came here， the boy kept silent．
当被问及为什么来这里时，男孩就保持沉默了。
语法点3　作表语
过去分词作表语时，常跟在系动词后面，表示“感到……的”，主语多为人
①He seemed embarrassed．
他似乎很尴尬。
②The question still remains unsettled．
问题仍未解决。
语法点4　作宾语补足语
(1)动词＋名/代词＋过去分词
①I must get my bike repaired．
我必须要修理我的自行车了。
②He was trying to make himself understood．
他正在努力使人们明白他的意思。
(2)with＋名/代词＋过去分词
①The girl sat there with her eyes closed．
这个女孩闭目坐在那里。
②With the homework finished， he was allowed to watch the football match．
完成作业之后，他被允许看足球赛。
语法点5　含过去分词的独立主格结构
①The duty completed， he had three months' leave．
任务完成后，他休了三个月的假。
②Everything considered， it is possible for us to get there in time．
考虑到一切因素，我们及时到达那里是有可能的。
(1)单句语法填空
①Behind the simple style， however， is a serious message intended (intend) for everyone．
②Earth Day， marked (mark) on 22 April， is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection．
③Ordinary soap， used (use) correctly， can deal with bacteria effectively．
④Founded (found) in the early 20th century， the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art．
⑤With measures taken (take) to promote tourism in China， the May Day holidays will attract a large number of tourists．
(2)完成句子
①那艘受损的船只，在勉强逃离了危险的海峡之后，蹒跚地驶进了港口进行修理。
The damaged ship， having narrowly escaped the treacherous strait， limped into the harbor for repairs．
②汤姆忙于工作，忘记通知我开会的时间。
Absorbed in his work， Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting．
③老师把未批改的作业留在了桌上，希望学生在提交之前能够检查自己的错误并自我改正。
The teacher left the assignment uncorrected on the desk， expecting the students to review their mistakes and self correct them before submitting．
④埃特纳火山位于意大利南部，是欧洲最高的活火山。
Located in southern Italy， Etna is the highest active volcano in Europe．
⑤飞机降落时，所有乘客应坐在座位上。
All the passengers should remain seated when the plane is making a landing．
维度一　高频词汇
(一)写出下列词缀的含义及例词
1． ward→向……；向着→straightforward; onward
2． ation→表示行为，行为的过程或结果→adaptation; foundation
3．en →使成为；使变成；置于……中；到……里→entitle; encage
4．pre →前面的；预先的→premier; previous
(二)选词填空
entitle， dive， freedom， sponsor， strait
1．This small free trade market in Xiamen City， is a major place for cross strait sales exchanges．
2．Everyone is entitled to their own opinion．
3．The main purpose of his holiday to Greece was to go diving．
4．I'm trying to get people at work to sponsor me to do a hundred mile cycle．
5．I felt such a sense of freedom， up in the hills alone．
维度二　语法运用
(三)单句语法填空
1．The broken (break) window needed to be replaced immediately to prevent further damage．
2．I was disappointed (disappoint) when I found out that I didn't pass the exam．
3．Feeling tired (tire)， she decided to take a nap before continuing with her work．
4．With the lights turned (turn) off， we sat in the dark， enjoying the silence．
5．She heard the door locked (lock) securely behind her．
维度三　素养提升
(四)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．在大学里，你有权做你想做的事。
In college， you have the freedom to do what you want．
2．我被这个消息惊呆了，当同学们胜利地举起手时，我激动得哽咽了。
Astonished by the news， I was choked with emotion while my classmates were raising their hands in triumph．
3．我很荣幸有机会把这个奖项颁给伦纳德先生，他对学术界做出了卓越的贡献。
I feel so honored to have this opportunity to present this award to Mr Leonard， who makes a remarkable contribution to academia．
(五)翻译
1．好心的邻居被他们的愿望感动了，给他们提供了简单的工作。
Touched by their wish， the nice neighbors offered them simple jobs．
2．我通常叫人把快餐送到我的办公室。
I usually have fast food delivered to my office．
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·福建省福州市第十五中学等五校高二下月考)I tightly held the seat under me as the jeep raced forward， bouncing me into the air． I， a bookish Manhattanite， __1__ solo north of the Arctic Circle to the Swedish Lapland． I didn't want to __2__ my fortieth birthday as a day I was chained with my office work． Feeling an urgency to live life to the __3__， I answered the call of the wild．
I booked a Husky sledding tour and __4__ myself that I would be safe on the journey． Yet， I still doubted my ability to steer the __5__ dogs． What if the sled stopped halfway and the __6__ began to crack under us
After struggling into multiple layers of clothing， I boarded and looked like a fat monster． With the pack of Huskies __7__ in the noise of barks and howls， I hit the open rough road．
While speeding down， I could even hear the snow crunching under us． With __8__ eyes， I tried to avoid any possible dangers． I didn't want to put my own life __9__．
Eventually， the pack of Huskies had brought my __10__ into the unknown． A vast stretch of wild opened before us． Tall conifers (松柏) __11__ a tunnel of trees． I desired to catch a glimpse of the native wildlife—the quiet moose， the arctic fox， the magical reindeer， which seemed straight from a storybook． I was searching， like the Huskies， all senses __12__， eager for adventure．
I strained my eyes as far as they could see __13__ paths met milky white sky． Perhaps the earth and the heaven were one． Perhaps life wasn't so much about __14__ the reins (缰绳) but letting go and trusting the adventure． Perhaps we even need a little rough weather， the slippery snow， to experience the __15__ of challenging the wild．
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在四十岁生日之际选择挑战自我，独自前往北极圈以北的瑞典拉普兰地区进行哈士奇雪橇之旅。
1．A．traveled B．settled
C．hiked D．dreamed
答案：A
解析：根据下文“solo north of the Arctic Circle to the Swedish Lapland”可知，作者独自一人进行了长途旅行。故选A。
2．A．get along with B．keep up with
C．make up for D．look back on
答案：D
解析：根据下文“I was chained with my office work”可知，作者不想把四十岁生日当作一个被办公室工作束缚的日子来回想。故选D。
3．A．coldest B．largest
C．fairest D．fullest
答案：D
解析：根据上文“I didn't want ．．． my office work．”可知，作者想要过充实的生活。live life to the fullest为固定搭配，意为“过充实的生活”。故选D。
4．A．requested B．convinced
C．forgave D．declared
答案：B
解析：根据下文“I would be safe on the journey”可知，作者说服自己这次旅行很安全。故选B。
5．A．freezing B．emotional
C．energetic D．dangerous
答案：C
解析：根据下文“With the pack of Huskies __7__ in the noise of barks and howls”可知，这些狗是精力充沛的。故选C。
6．A．car B．ice
C．rock D．air
答案：B
解析：根据上文“I booked a Husky sledding tour”和下文“began to crack under us”可知，此处指冰裂开怎么办。故选B。
7．A．feeding B．training
C．erupting D．living
答案：C
解析：根据下文“in the noise of ．．． rough road”可知，随着哈士奇发出吠叫和嚎叫的声音，作者踏上了崎岖不平的道路。故选C。
8．A．patient B．sensitive
C．watchful D．generous
答案：C
解析：根据下文“I tried to avoid any possible dangers”可推知，此处指作者用警惕的眼神，避免危险。故选C。
9．A．with ease B．under control
C．in return D．at risk
答案：D
解析：根据上文“I tried to avoid any possible dangers”可知，此处指作者不想让自己的生命有危险。故选D。
10．A．journey B．work
C．future D．thought
答案：A
解析：根据上文“I would be safe on the journey”可知，此处是信息词journey的词汇复现，表示哈士奇将作者的旅程变得未知。故选A。
11．A．grew B．covered
C．lifted D．created
答案：D
解析：根据上文“Tall conifers (松柏)”及下文“a tunnel of trees”可知，此处指高大的松柏形成了一条树林隧道。故选D。
12．A．absent B．alert
C．dull D．obvious
答案：B
解析：根据上文“I was searching， like the Huskies”可知，此处指作者像哈士奇一样警觉。故选B。
13．A．muddy B．tough
C．snowy D．busy
答案：C
解析：根据下文“met milky white sky． Perhaps the earth and the heaven were one”可知，路和乳白色的天空浑然一体，天地合一。此处指作者看着雪白的路。故选C。
14．A．tightening B．fixing
C．loosening D．breaking
答案：A
解析：根据下文“but letting go”可知，此处指生活不是勒紧缰绳。故选A。
15．A．pain B．joy
C．hope D．sorrow
答案：B
解析：根据下文“challenging the wild”可知，此处指体验大自然的乐趣。故选B。
Ⅱ　七选五
(2024·广东省茂名市信宜市高二下月考)Many people don't understand why anyone would travel by bicycle． It's so exhausting． For me it's the best way to travel． Why I love it and why the effort is paying off， you can read here．
When I sit on the bike， I am free and flexible． I can pause at any time to eat or start the stove to enjoy a coffee with breathtaking views． I'm not dependent on bus or train． __1__ I come to places I would never have seen． My bike gives me the possibility of don't need to plan， which leaves space for adventure． Because adventures don't come around the corner during a planned hotel vacation．
I spend the whole day in nature． The wind blows around my nose． __2__ I see monkeys hanging directly above me in the tree， whales swimming along the coast， a bear waving at us and many more animals． Smelling the blackberries， I'm stopping to fill my stomach． In the car， bus or train I would have missed all of this and much more．
__3__ On a longer tour I'm no longer in my normal environment． I'm freed from roles I have to perform and now I'm having time and inner peace to think and reflect． It changes me． I get to know my own limits， can react better to specific situations， and collect knowledge of human nature． __4__ I know when I have to end for the day， so that I can still have power for the next day．
I could tell hundreds of stories． Because of getting to know so many people， I have experienced a lot． The travel form itself invites many to ask questions． And the best thing about it is that all these stories make me rich． I'm rich in memories， of which I think with laughter． __5__
A．I listen to the birds singing．
B．I get the chance to look inside myself．
C．It will change the way you see the world．
D．I can decide for myself when and where to go．
E．Before my start， I was fascinated by the bike touring community．
F．Likewise， I find my own rhythm and how to assess my reserves of strength．
G．Nobody can ever take them away and they have an unspeakable value for me．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者为什么喜欢骑车旅行。
1．答案：D
解析：根据前文“When I sit on the bike ．．． on bus or train．”可知，骑自行车旅行是自由且灵活的。D项(我可以自己决定何时出发、去何地。)承接前文。故选D。
2．答案：A
解析：根据前文“I spend the whole day ．．． my nose．”可知，此处是描述作者在大自然中的感受和看到的景象。A项(我听鸟儿歌唱。)承接前文。故选A。
3．答案：B
解析：设空处位于段首，为本段中心句。根据后文“now I'm ．．． to think and reflect”可知，骑车旅行让作者有时间和内心的平静来思考和反思。B项(我有机会审视自己的内心。)引出后文。故选B。
4．答案：F
解析：根据前文“It changes me ．．． of human nature．”可知，此处讲述作者审视自己的内心后的好处。F项(同样，我找到了自己的节奏和如何评估我的力量储备。)承接前文，继续描述审视自己的内心的好处。故选F。
5．答案：G
解析：根据前文“I could tell ．．． with laughter．”可知，旅行让作者认识了很多人，经历了很多，并让作者拥有很多美好的回忆。G项(没有人能把它们夺走，它们对我来说有着难以形容的价值。)承接前文。故选G。
Ⅲ　语法填空
(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu， __1__ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia，” add an international character to Stratford upon Avon， William Shakespeare's hometown．
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616． Although they could never have met， there are common __2__ (theme) in their works， said Paul Edmondson， head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust． “Some of the things that Tang was writing about __3__ (be) also Shakespeare's concerns． I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways __4__ Romeo and Juliet．”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017． Two years later， a six meter tall pavilion， __5__ (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion， __6__ (build) at the Firs Garden， just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace．
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international __7__ (visible)， said Edmondson， adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed __8__ (find) the connection between the two great writers．
__9__ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion， Edmondson said， “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language __10__ see how Tang's play was being performed．”
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________
5．________　6．________　7．________　8．________
9．________　10．________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。为纪念素有“东方莎士比亚”之称的汤显祖，一座凉亭在莎士比亚的故乡建立，此举提高了莎士比亚故乡的国际知名度。来此地的游客惊奇地发现东西方的这两位伟大作家的作品有一些共性。
1．答案：who
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Tang Xianzu，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导。故填who。
2．答案：themes
解析：考查名词。根据设空前的“there are”可知，此处应用名词复数。故填themes。
3．答案：were
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述过去的事，应用一般过去时，且主语是Some of the things，为复数。故填were。
4．答案：to
解析：考查介词。be similar to是固定短语，意为“与……相似”。故填to。
5．答案：inspired
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词，inspire与其修饰的名词短语a six meter tall pavilion之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填inspired。
6．答案：was built
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语，主语是a six meter tall pavilion，与build之间是被动关系，此处描述过去的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词应用was。故填was built。
7．答案：visibility
解析：考查词性转换。international是形容词，应修饰名词。visible的名词形式为visibility，表示“知名度”，为不可数名词。故填visibility。
8．答案：to find
解析：考查非谓语动词。be amazed to do sth是固定搭配，意为“对做某事感到惊讶”。此处表示游客惊讶地发现这两位伟大的作家之间的联系。故填to find。
9．答案：Recalling
解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词said，设空处作非谓语；recall与其逻辑主语Edmondson之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语；位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Recalling。
10．答案：and
解析：考查连词。to hear the Chinese language和(to) see how Tang's play was being performed是并列关系，此处应用and连接两个不定式短语。故填and。
　精深阅读
(2024·广东省珠海市香樟中学高二下月考)The giant Amazon rainforest in South America has been a mystery for centuries． It holds all kinds of natural wonders． Among them in Colombia， a river stands out as “the most beautiful river” in the world．
Locally called Carnio Cristales， this special river lies in a national park． It is made up of several waterfalls， rapids， and plenty of pools． For most of the year， Carnio Cristales looks like a common river: clean， green， and rocky． However， during the short period between September and November， the river explodes with life and colour． It appears as any mix of colours including blue， green， yellow， orange， and a purplish red． So it is also known as the “River of Five Colours”．
Although at first it may appear as if some chemicals were added to the water， this rainbow river is completely natural． Carnio Cristales' colours are the result of a rare water plant which needs sunlight to grow． The plants change colour depending on how much sunlight they receive， and the amount is decided by the height and speed of the water． Therefore， it is possible for the plants to be totally colourless if the sunlight is too hard to get． They are a delicate plant． This makes them easily damaged in the water．
Actually， the river faces some problems， including drier seasons， wildlife trouble， waste management， and budget cuts． In 2007， the park was forced to close because it was over crowded with tourists． Now the park admits only 200 people a day and requires them to mind their behaviour．
Today， Carnio Cristales still shines among Colombia's most popular natural attractions， drawing thousands of tourists every year．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上“最美丽的河流”——Carnio Cristales的相关信息。
1．When is the best time to visit Carnio Cristales
A．In October． B．In March．
C．In June． D．In January．
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However， during the short period ．．． the river explodes with life and colour．(然而，在9月至11月的短暂时期里，这条河充满了生机和色彩。)”可知，Carnio Cristales的最佳观赏时间是在9月至11月。故选A。
2．Why is Carnio Cristales colourful
A．The water is badly polluted．
B．People add chemicals to it．
C．A special plant lives in it．
D．The weather is changeable there．
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Carnio Cristales' colours ．．． which needs sunlight to grow．”可知，Carnio Cristales色彩缤纷是因为有一种特殊的植物生活在里面。故选C。
3．What once caused the park to be closed
A．The wildlife problem． B．The poor service．
C．Too much rubbish． D．Too many visitors．
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 2007， the park was forced to close because it was over crowded with tourists．”可知，公园曾经关闭的原因是游客过多。故选D。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．mystery n． 神秘的事物；谜；奥秘
2．rocky adj． 多岩石的；岩石构成的
3．height n． 身高；高度；高处
4．delicate adj． 脆弱的；精美的
5．budget n． 预算　v． 制定预算；计划；安排
(二)高频短语
6．stands out as 作为……脱颖而出
7．lie in 位于，在于
8．plenty of 很多，大量
9．be added to 被添加到……中
10．be over crowded with 挤满了……
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．His strange behavio(u)r (behave) at the party made everyone uncomfortable．
2．The book was completely (complete) destroyed in the flood， leaving nothing for him．
3．The rocky (rock) mountain made the hike challenging， but the breathtaking views at the top were worth every step．
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
4．It's rare to find such a well preserved ancient artifact in this region．稀有的
5．You'll not be admitted to the theatre after the performance has started．准许进入
6．People were concerned that pets or wildlife could be affected by the pesticides．野生生物
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
giant， therefore， damage
1．Smoking seriously harms your health．damages
2．The team failed to meet the deadline， and consequently， the project was delayed by several weeks．therefore
3．The discovery of the enormous dinosaur fossil was a significant breakthrough in paleontology．giant
(六)长难句分析
Although at first it may appear as if some chemicals were added to the water， this rainbow river is completely natural．
句意：虽然乍一看好像水里添加了一些化学物质，但这条彩虹河完全是自然形成的。
分析：主干是this rainbow river is completely natural；Although引导让步状语从句；as if引导表语从句。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．The Victoria Falls， cascading down in a thunderous display of power and beauty， is a true natural wonder (自然奇观) that leaves visitors in awe．
2．Our group is two years old and made up of 14 students (由14名学生组成)．
(八)仿写句子
Today， Carnio Cristales still shines among Colombia's most popular natural attractions， drawing thousands of tourists every year．(现在分词短语作伴随状语)
仿写：他自愿每周贡献出一小时的时间来帮助管控交通。
He volunteered to help control traffic， donating an hour of his time every week．
1(共88张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 2　 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
单元主题：人与社会——文化艺术
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
——Build up your vocabulary——
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
en ____________________；置于……中；到……里 ________， encage， enchain， enclose， encave
pre ________________ _________， previous， president， precision， precious
ward ____________ ____________， onward， backward， earthward， homeward
ation 表示______________________ __________， adaptation， allocation， calculation， exploration
使成为；使变成
entitle
前面的；预先的
premier
向……；向着
straightforward
行为，行为的过程或结果
foundation
二、制作以“澳大利亚代表性风物”为主题的思维导图
south
butcher shops
straightforward
WELCOME UNIT
——Discover useful structures——
预习检测 词汇打卡
自主学习 课时语法
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业
5
预习检测 词汇打卡
一、阅读单词及词块：写出汉语含义
1．minister n．______________________
2．prime minister_______________
3．frog n．_____________
4．arrow n．_____________
5．getaway n．__________________
6．kayaking n．__________
7．peak season___________
8．domain n．__________________
9．golf n．________________
部长；大臣；外交使节
首相；总理
蛙；青蛙
箭；箭头
适合度假的地方
划皮艇
高峰季节
领域；领土；范围
高尔夫球运动
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
1．_______ vt． 给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利
2．______ vi．& n． 潜水；跳水；俯冲
3．_________ n． 自由；不受……影响的状态
4．_________ n． 自由
5．_________ n． 样本；样品
6．__________ n． 纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹
entitle
dive
freedom
liberty
sample
monument
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
　sponsor vt． 倡议；赞助；主办　n． (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者→_____________ n． 资助；主办；倡议
四、熟词生义：写出熟义
strait 熟义：n．________
生义：n． 困境
sponsorship
海峡
自主学习　课时语法
写出下列句子中的过去分词(短语)及其语法作用
1．The concert given by their friends was a success．_______________________
2．Tan was admitted as a dancer by the company of San Francisco Ballet， soon after which she got promoted to be its leading dancer．_________________
3．The result of the competition wasn't made known to the public until ten days later．________________________
given by their friends；作定语
promoted；作表语
known；作主语补足语
4．Disappointed by the result， the candidate left the stage with tears in her eyes．___________________________
5．To guarantee security， children， when accompanied by their parents， are allowed to enter the stadium．
____________________________________________
6．New words explained， the text became easier for us to learn．____________
____________________
Disappointed；作原因状语
accompanied by their parents；与连词连用作时间状语
explained；独立主格作原因状语
7．Most of us went to see her last weekend， some girls included． ___________
_____________________
8．With his attention focused on his homework， he forgot all about what I had told him．___________________________
included；独立主格作伴随状语
focused on；宾语补足语
合作探究 课时重点
探究一　热词
1．entitle vt． 给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利(教材P16)
entitlement n． (拥有某物或做某事的)权利，资格；有权得到的东西
entitle sb to (do) sth 授权某人(做)某事；某人拥有(做)某事/物的权利
be/feel entitled to (do) sth 有(做)某事的资格/权利
①We have no record of your entitlement to free travel．
我们没有让你免费旅行的凭据。
②Being unemployed entitles you to free medical treatment．
失业使你有权享受免费医疗。
③Elderly people are entitled to receive needs based and personalized services in line with their expectations．
长者有权根据他们的需要，获得符合他们期望的个性化服务。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①All groups are entitled ___this money without distinction．
②Managers have generous leave _____________(entitle)．
③A documentary ________(entitle) “The Price of Perfection” provided us with lots of warnings．
【学会表达】翻译
④她劳累了一天，觉得理应休息一下了。
___________________________________________
to
entitlement
entitled
After a hard day‘s work， she felt entitled to a rest．
2．dive vi．& n． 潜水；跳水；俯冲(教材P16)
diver n． 潜水员；跳水者；跳水运动员
dive off (从高处)头朝下跳入水中
dive in 跳水；开始做某事
dive into 头朝下跳入水中；迅速将手伸入(包或口袋里)；投入
dive for 潜入水中打捞东西；扑向
①My friends and I liked to dive off the bridge， which has left me with some beautiful childhood memories．
我和朋友们喜欢从桥上跳进水里，这给我留下了一些美好的童年回忆。
②She was standing by a pool， about to dive in．
她正站在池边，准备跳水。
③I'm afraid to dive into the water．
我害怕潜入水中。
④They dived for cover when they heard the shooting start．
他们一听到枪声就赶紧找地方躲起来。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①We squatted beside the pool and watched the _______(dive) sink slowly down．
②The goalkeeper made a valiant dive _____the ball， but couldn't stop it going in the net．
【学会表达】完成句子
③她迅速将手伸进包里，拿出几个硬币。
She _________________and took out a couple of coins．
diver
for
dived into her bag
3．freedom n． 自由；不受……影响的状态；自由权(教材P16)
free adj． 免费的；自由的　v． 使摆脱；使自由
freedom of ... ……(指权利)的自由
freedom from 摆脱……；不受……影响
have the freedom to do sth 有做某事的自由/权利
give sb freedom 给予某人自由
individual/academic/economic freedom 个人/学术/经济自由
for free 免费
free sb from sth 使某人摆脱某事
①It was a pioneering work about supporting the freedom of marriage．
这是一部支持婚姻自由的开创性作品。
②We demand freedom from injustice．
我们要求摆脱不公平的待遇。
③We have the freedom to do just what we like．
我们有做自己喜欢的事的自由。
④We will install your washing machine for free．
我们将免费为您安装洗衣机。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The 30 year old driver is trying to free himself _______his hard life．
②Latterly his painting has shown a new ________(free) of expression．
③Today we have the freedom __________ (decide) our own class．
【学会表达】完成句子
④开发人员有选择什么对他们的工作最有利的自由。
Developers _________________________what works best for them．
from
freedom
to decide
have the freedom to choose
4．sponsor vt． 倡议；赞助；主办　n． (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者→____________ n． 资助；主办；倡议
The company sponsored the charity event， and their generous sponsorship helped to make it a huge success．
这家公司主办了这场慈善活动，他们慷慨的赞助使得活动取得了巨大的成功。
sponsorship
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①The _____________(sponsor) of the local business community has been instrumental in the construction of the new community center．
【学会表达】完成句子
②这家运动品牌决定赞助即将举行的国际马拉松赛事，展示了其对推广健康生活方式的承诺。
The sports brand decided to _________________________________________， showcasing its commitment to promoting healthy lifestyles．
sponsorship
sponsor the upcoming international marathon
①An estimated 1，600 vessels pass through the strait annually．
估计每年有1，600艘船经过这个海峡。
②She found herself in desperate financial straits．
她发现自己经济状况极为窘迫。
困境
5　strait
[熟义] n． 海峡
[生义] n．_________
【学会运用】同义词替换
①The company's closure has left many small businessmen in desperate financial straits．____________
【学会表达】完成句子
②这艘船小心翼翼地穿过了狭窄的海峡，避开了可能损坏船体的礁石浅滩。
The ship carefully ________________________， avoiding the rocky shoals that threatened to damage its hull．
difficulties
navigated the narrow strait
探究二　过去分词(复习)
(1)过去分词作前置定语
①They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard．
他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。
②We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions．
我们必须让我们的思想适应变化的形势。
过去分词：过去分词的用法十分广泛，可作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语等，还可用在独立主格结构中。但过去分词不能作主语或宾语。
语法点1　作定语
(2)过去分词短语作后置定语
①The paintings stolen from the museum haven't been found．
博物馆失窃的画仍未找到。
②The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager．
外国专家提出的建议被经理采纳了。
(1)可位于句首、句末或句中
①Given more time， we could do it much better．
多给一些时间，我们会做得更好。
②The professor came in， followed by a group of young people．
教授走进来，后面跟着一群年轻人。
③Mr Green， deeply moved， thanked us again and again．
格林先生深受感动，一再向我们致谢。
语法点2　作状语
(2)单独一个过去分词也可作状语
①Heated， water changes into steam．
水加热时就会变成水蒸气。
②She turned away， disappointed．
她失望地转身离开。
(3)过去分词可与连词连用作状语
①Once published， this dictionary will be very popular．
一旦出版，这本字典将会非常受欢迎。
②When asked why he came here， the boy kept silent．
当被问及为什么来这里时，男孩就保持沉默了。
过去分词作表语时，常跟在系动词后面，表示“感到……的”，主语多为人
①He seemed embarrassed．
他似乎很尴尬。
②The question still remains unsettled．
问题仍未解决。
语法点3　作表语
(1)动词＋名/代词＋过去分词
①I must get my bike repaired．
我必须要修理我的自行车了。
②He was trying to make himself understood．
他正在努力使人们明白他的意思。
(2)with＋名/代词＋过去分词
①The girl sat there with her eyes closed．
这个女孩闭目坐在那里。
②With the homework finished， he was allowed to watch the football match．
完成作业之后，他被允许看足球赛。
语法点4　作宾语补足语
①The duty completed， he had three months' leave．
任务完成后，他休了三个月的假。
②Everything considered， it is possible for us to get there in time．
考虑到一切因素，我们及时到达那里是有可能的。
语法点5　含过去分词的独立主格结构
(1)单句语法填空
①Behind the simple style， however， is a serious message ________(intend) for everyone．
②Earth Day， ________(mark) on 22 April， is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection．
③Ordinary soap， ______(use) correctly， can deal with bacteria effectively．
④__________ (found) in the early 20th century， the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art．
⑤With measures ________(take) to promote tourism in China， the May Day holidays will attract a large number of tourists．
intended
marked
used
Founded
taken
(2)完成句子
①那艘受损的船只，在勉强逃离了危险的海峡之后，蹒跚地驶进了港口进行修理。
________________， having narrowly escaped the treacherous strait， limped into the harbor for repairs．
②汤姆忙于工作，忘记通知我开会的时间。
___________________， Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting．
The damaged ship
Absorbed in his work
③老师把未批改的作业留在了桌上，希望学生在提交之前能够检查自己的错误并自我改正。
The teacher ___________________________on the desk， expecting the students to review their mistakes and self correct them before submitting．
④埃特纳火山位于意大利南部，是欧洲最高的活火山。
____________________， Etna is the highest active volcano in Europe．
⑤飞机降落时，所有乘客应坐在座位上。
__________________________________when the plane is making a landing．
left the assignment uncorrected
Located in southern Italy
All the passengers should remain seated
对点练习 巩固所学
维度一　高频词汇
(一)写出下列词缀的含义及例词
1． ward→_______________→______________;__________
2． ation→____________________________→___________;____________
3．en →______________________________________→_______;______
4．pre →________________→________;________
向……；向着
straightforward
表示行为，行为的过程或结果
adaptation
使成为；使变成；置于……中；到……里
entitle
前面的；预先的
premier
onward
foundation
encage
previous
(二)选词填空
1．This small free trade market in Xiamen City， is a major place for cross _______sales exchanges．
2．Everyone _________to their own opinion．
3．The main purpose of his holiday to Greece was to go _________．
4．I'm trying to get people at work to ________me to do a hundred mile cycle．
5．I felt such a sense of _________， up in the hills alone．
strait
entitle， dive， freedom， sponsor， strait
is entitled
diving
sponsor
freedom
维度二　语法运用
(三)单句语法填空
1．The ________(break) window needed to be replaced immediately to prevent further damage．
2．I was ____________(disappoint) when I found out that I didn't pass the exam．
3．Feeling _______(tire)， she decided to take a nap before continuing with her work．
4．With the lights _______(turn) off， we sat in the dark， enjoying the silence．
5．She heard the door _________(lock) securely behind her．
broken
disappointed
tired
turned
locked
维度三　素养提升
(四)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．在大学里，你有权做你想做的事。
In college， _________________________what you want．
2．我被这个消息惊呆了，当同学们胜利地举起手时，我激动得哽咽了。
___________________， I was choked with emotion while my classmates were raising their hands in triumph．
3．我很荣幸有机会把这个奖项颁给伦纳德先生，他对学术界做出了卓越的贡献。
I ______________to have this opportunity to present this award to Mr Leonard， who makes a remarkable contribution to academia．
you have the freedom to do
Astonished by the news
feel so honored
(五)翻译
1．好心的邻居被他们的愿望感动了，给他们提供了简单的工作。
_________________________________________________________
2．我通常叫人把快餐送到我的办公室。
_________________________________________
Touched by their wish， the nice neighbors offered them simple jobs．
I usually have fast food delivered to my office．
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·福建省福州市第十五中学等五校高二下月考)I tightly held the seat under me as the jeep raced forward， bouncing me into the air． I， a bookish Manhattanite， __1__ solo north of the Arctic Circle to the Swedish Lapland． I didn‘t want to __2__ my fortieth birthday as a day I was chained with my office work． Feeling an urgency to live life to the __3__， I answered the call of the wild．
I booked a Husky sledding tour and __4__ myself that I would be safe on the journey． Yet， I still doubted my ability to steer the __5__ dogs． What if the sled stopped halfway and the __6__ began to crack under us
After struggling into multiple layers of clothing， I boarded and looked like a fat monster． With the pack of Huskies __7__ in the noise of barks and howls， I hit the open rough road．
While speeding down， I could even hear the snow crunching under us． With __8__ eyes， I tried to avoid any possible dangers． I didn't want to put my own life __9__．
Eventually， the pack of Huskies had brought my __10__ into the unknown． A vast stretch of wild opened before us． Tall conifers (松柏) __11__ a tunnel of trees． I desired to catch a glimpse of the native wildlife—the quiet moose， the arctic fox， the magical reindeer， which seemed straight from a storybook． I was searching， like the Huskies， all senses __12__， eager for adventure．
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在四十岁生日之际选择挑战自我，独自前往北极圈以北的瑞典拉普兰地区进行哈士奇雪橇之旅。
I strained my eyes as far as they could see __13__ paths met milky white sky． Perhaps the earth and the heaven were one． Perhaps life wasn‘t so much about __14__ the reins (缰绳) but letting go and trusting the adventure． Perhaps we even need a little rough weather， the slippery snow， to experience the __15__ of challenging the wild．
1．A．traveled B．settled
C．hiked D．dreamed
解析：根据下文“solo north of the Arctic Circle to the Swedish Lapland”可知，作者独自一人进行了长途旅行。故选A。
2．A．get along with B．keep up with
C．make up for D．look back on
解析：根据下文“I was chained with my office work”可知，作者不想把四十岁生日当作一个被办公室工作束缚的日子来回想。故选D。
3．A．coldest B．largest
C．fairest D．fullest
解析：根据上文“I didn‘t want ... my office work．”可知，作者想要过充实的生活。live life to the fullest为固定搭配，意为“过充实的生活”。故选D。
4．A．requested B．convinced
C．forgave D．declared
解析：根据下文“I would be safe on the journey”可知，作者说服自己这次旅行很安全。故选B。
5．A．freezing B．emotional
C．energetic D．dangerous
解析：根据下文“With the pack of Huskies __7__ in the noise of barks and howls”可知，这些狗是精力充沛的。故选C。
6．A．car B．ice
C．rock D．air
解析：根据上文“I booked a Husky sledding tour”和下文“began to crack under us”可知，此处指冰裂开怎么办。故选B。
7．A．feeding B．training
C．erupting D．living
解析：根据下文“in the noise of ... rough road”可知，随着哈士奇发出吠叫和嚎叫的声音，作者踏上了崎岖不平的道路。故选C。
8．A．patient B．sensitive
C．watchful D．generous
解析：根据下文“I tried to avoid any possible dangers”可推知，此处指作者用警惕的眼神，避免危险。故选C。
9．A．with ease B．under control
C．in return D．at risk
解析：根据上文“I tried to avoid any possible dangers”可知，此处指作者不想让自己的生命有危险。故选D。
10．A．journey B．work
C．future D．thought
解析：根据上文“I would be safe on the journey”可知，此处是信息词journey的词汇复现，表示哈士奇将作者的旅程变得未知。故选A。
11．A．grew B．covered
C．lifted D．created
解析：根据上文“Tall conifers (松柏)”及下文“a tunnel of trees”可知，此处指高大的松柏形成了一条树林隧道。故选D。
12．A．absent B．alert
C．dull D．obvious
解析：根据上文“I was searching， like the Huskies”可知，此处指作者像哈士奇一样警觉。故选B。
13．A．muddy B．tough
C．snowy D．busy
解析：根据下文“met milky white sky． Perhaps the earth and the heaven were one”可知，路和乳白色的天空浑然一体，天地合一。此处指作者看着雪白的路。故选C。
14．A．tightening B．fixing
C．loosening D．breaking
解析：根据下文“but letting go”可知，此处指生活不是勒紧缰绳。故选A。
15．A．pain B．joy
C．hope D．sorrow
解析：根据下文“challenging the wild”可知，此处指体验大自然的乐趣。故选B。
Ⅱ　七选五
(2024·广东省茂名市信宜市高二下月考)Many people don't understand why anyone would travel by bicycle． It's so exhausting． For me it's the best way to travel． Why I love it and why the effort is paying off， you can read here．
When I sit on the bike， I am free and flexible． I can pause at any time to eat or start the stove to enjoy a coffee with breathtaking views． I‘m not dependent on bus or train． __1__ I come to places I would never have seen． My bike gives me the possibility of don’t need to plan， which leaves space for adventure． Because adventures don‘t come around the corner during a planned hotel vacation．
I spend the whole day in nature． The wind blows around my nose． __2__ I see monkeys hanging directly above me in the tree， whales swimming along the coast， a bear waving at us and many more animals． Smelling the blackberries， I'm stopping to fill my stomach． In the car， bus or train I would have missed all of this and much more．
__3__ On a longer tour I‘m no longer in my normal environment． I’m freed from roles I have to perform and now I‘m having time and inner peace to think and reflect． It changes me． I get to know my own limits， can react better to specific situations， and collect knowledge of human nature． __4__ I know when I have to end for the day， so that I can still have power for the next day．
I could tell hundreds of stories． Because of getting to know so many people， I have experienced a lot． The travel form itself invites many to ask questions． And the best thing about it is that all these stories make me rich． I'm rich in memories， of which I think with laughter． __5__
A．I listen to the birds singing．
B．I get the chance to look inside myself．
C．It will change the way you see the world．
D．I can decide for myself when and where to go．
E．Before my start， I was fascinated by the bike touring community．
F．Likewise， I find my own rhythm and how to assess my reserves of strength．
G．Nobody can ever take them away and they have an unspeakable value for me．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者为什么喜欢骑车旅行。
解析：根据前文“When I sit on the bike ... on bus or train．”可知，骑自行车旅行是自由且灵活的。D项(我可以自己决定何时出发、去何地。)承接前文。故选D。
1．答案：D
2．答案：A
解析：根据前文“I spend the whole day ... my nose．”可知，此处是描述作者在大自然中的感受和看到的景象。A项(我听鸟儿歌唱。)承接前文。故选A。
解析：设空处位于段首，为本段中心句。根据后文“now I'm ... to think and reflect”可知，骑车旅行让作者有时间和内心的平静来思考和反思。B项(我有机会审视自己的内心。)引出后文。故选B。
3．答案：B
4．答案：F
解析：根据前文“It changes me ... of human nature．”可知，此处讲述作者审视自己的内心后的好处。F项(同样，我找到了自己的节奏和如何评估我的力量储备。)承接前文，继续描述审视自己的内心的好处。故选F。
解析：根据前文“I could tell ... with laughter．”可知，旅行让作者认识了很多人，经历了很多，并让作者拥有很多美好的回忆。G项(没有人能把它们夺走，它们对我来说有着难以形容的价值。)承接前文。故选G。
5．答案：G
Ⅲ　语法填空
(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu， __1__ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia，” add an international character to Stratford upon Avon， William Shakespeare's hometown．
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616． Although they could never have met， there are common __2__ (theme) in their works， said Paul Edmondson， head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust． “Some of the things that Tang was writing about __3__ (be) also Shakespeare‘s concerns． I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways __4__ Romeo and Juliet．”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017． Two years later， a six meter tall pavilion， __5__ (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion， __6__ (build) at the Firs Garden， just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace．
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford‘s international __7__ (visible)， said Edmondson， adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed __8__ (find) the connection between the two great writers．
__9__ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion， Edmondson said， “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language __10__ see how Tang's play was being performed．”
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________
5．________　6．________　7．________　8．________
9．________　10．________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。为纪念素有“东方莎士比亚”之称的汤显祖，一座凉亭在莎士比亚的故乡建立，此举提高了莎士比亚故乡的国际知名度。来此地的游客惊奇地发现东西方的这两位伟大作家的作品有一些共性。
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Tang Xianzu，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导。故填who。
1．答案：who
2．答案：themes
解析：考查名词。根据设空前的“there are”可知，此处应用名词复数。故填themes。
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述过去的事，应用一般过去时，且主语是Some of the things，为复数。故填were。
3．答案：were
4．答案：to
解析：考查介词。be similar to是固定短语，意为“与……相似”。故填to。
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词，inspire与其修饰的名词短语a six meter tall pavilion之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填inspired。
5．答案：inspired
6．答案：was built
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语，主语是a six meter tall pavilion，与build之间是被动关系，此处描述过去的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词应用was。故填was built。
解析：考查词性转换。international是形容词，应修饰名词。visible的名词形式为visibility，表示“知名度”，为不可数名词。故填visibility。
7．答案：visibility
8．答案：to find
解析：考查非谓语动词。be amazed to do sth是固定搭配，意为“对做某事感到惊讶”。此处表示游客惊讶地发现这两位伟大的作家之间的联系。故填to find。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词said，设空处作非谓语；recall与其逻辑主语Edmondson之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语；位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Recalling。
9．答案：Recalling
10．答案：and
解析：考查连词。to hear the Chinese language和(to) see how Tang‘s play was being performed是并列关系，此处应用and连接两个不定式短语。故填and。
(2024·广东省珠海市香樟中学高二下月考)The giant Amazon rainforest in South America has been a mystery for centuries． It holds all kinds of natural wonders． Among them in Colombia， a river stands out as “the most beautiful river” in the world．
精深阅读
Locally called Carnio Cristales， this special river lies in a national park． It is made up of several waterfalls， rapids， and plenty of pools． For most of the year， Carnio Cristales looks like a common river: clean， green， and rocky． However， during the short period between September and November， the river explodes with life and colour． It appears as any mix of colours including blue， green， yellow， orange， and a purplish red． So it is also known as the “River of Five Colours”．
Although at first it may appear as if some chemicals were added to the water， this rainbow river is completely natural． Carnio Cristales‘ colours are the result of a rare water plant which needs sunlight to grow． The plants change colour depending on how much sunlight they receive， and the amount is decided by the height and speed of the water． Therefore， it is possible for the plants to be totally colourless if the sunlight is too hard to get． They are a delicate plant． This makes them easily damaged in the water．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上“最美丽的河流”——Carnio Cristales的相关信息。
Actually， the river faces some problems， including drier seasons， wildlife trouble， waste management， and budget cuts． In 2007， the park was forced to close because it was over crowded with tourists． Now the park admits only 200 people a day and requires them to mind their behaviour．
Today， Carnio Cristales still shines among Colombia‘s most popular natural attractions， drawing thousands of tourists every year．
1．When is the best time to visit Carnio Cristales
A．In October． B．In March．
C．In June． D．In January．
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However， during the short period ... the river explodes with life and colour．(然而，在9月至11月的短暂时期里，这条河充满了生机和色彩。)”可知，Carnio Cristales的最佳观赏时间是在9月至11月。故选A。
2．Why is Carnio Cristales colourful
A．The water is badly polluted．
B．People add chemicals to it．
C．A special plant lives in it．
D．The weather is changeable there．
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Carnio Cristales' colours ... which needs sunlight to grow．”可知，Carnio Cristales色彩缤纷是因为有一种特殊的植物生活在里面。故选C。
3．What once caused the park to be closed
A．The wildlife problem． B．The poor service．
C．Too much rubbish． D．Too many visitors．
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 2007， the park was forced to close because it was over crowded with tourists．”可知，公园曾经关闭的原因是游客过多。故选D。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．________ n． 神秘的事物；谜；奥秘
2．rocky adj．________________________
3．_____ n． 身高；高度；高处
4．_______ adj． 脆弱的；精美的
5．_______ n． 预算　v． 制定预算；计划；安排
mystery
多岩石的；岩石构成的
height
delicate
budget
(二)高频短语
6．stands out as_____________________
7．________ 位于，在于
8．________ 很多，大量
9．be added to__________________
10．_____________________ 挤满了……
作为……脱颖而出
lie in
plenty of
被添加到……中
be over crowded with
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．His strange ____________(behave) at the party made everyone uncomfortable．
2．The book was ___________(complete) destroyed in the flood， leaving nothing for him．
3．The ________(rock) mountain made the hike challenging， but the breathtaking views at the top were worth every step．
behavio(u)r
completely
rocky
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
4．It's rare to find such a well preserved ancient artifact in this region．______
5．You'll not be admitted to the theatre after the performance has started．______________
6．People were concerned that pets or wildlife could be affected by the pesticides．___________
稀有的
准许进入
野生生物
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1．Smoking seriously harms your health．____________
2．The team failed to meet the deadline， and consequently， the project was delayed by several weeks．_____________
3．The discovery of the enormous dinosaur fossil was a significant breakthrough in paleontology．_________
damages
giant， therefore， damage
therefore
giant
(六)长难句分析
Although at first it may appear as if some chemicals were added to the water， this rainbow river is completely natural．
句意：虽然乍一看好像水里添加了一些化学物质，但这条彩虹河完全是自然形成的。
分析：主干是_________________________________；Although引导________从句；as if引导______从句。
this rainbow river is completely natural
让步状语
表语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．The Victoria Falls， cascading down in a thunderous display of power and beauty， is a true ______________(自然奇观) that leaves visitors in awe．
2．Our group is two years old and ____________________(由14名学生组成)．
natural wonder
made up of 14 students
(八)仿写句子
Today， Carnio Cristales still shines among Colombia's most popular natural attractions， drawing thousands of tourists every year．(现在分词短语作伴随状语)
仿写：他自愿每周贡献出一小时的时间来帮助管控交通。
___________________________________________________________________
He volunteered to help control traffic， donating an hour of his time every week．

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