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英语　选择性必修·第四册［RJ］
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
——Build up your vocabulary——
一、构词法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
ary/ ory 与……有关的或具有……性质的 secondary， victory， imaginary， revolutionary， primary
er 与……相关的人，做……的事物；比较级，表示“更” rubber， teacher， founder， manager， lawyer
fore 在前面的，之前的或预先的 forehead， foresee， forewarn， forecast， foreword
y 具有……性质的或充满……的 dusty， rainy， sunny， funny， snowy
二、按分类填充捐赠物品的思维导图
——Discover useful structures——
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
plug vt． 封堵；补足　n． 堵塞物；插头；插座
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
deserve vt． 值得；应得；应受
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
1．disabled adj． 有残疾的；丧失能力的→disable v． 使失去能力；使无资格；使伤残→disability n． 缺陷；障碍
2．resign vi．& vt． 辞职；辞去→resignation n． 辞职；辞呈；放弃；顺从
写出下列句子中的短语
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I decided that the only reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
the only reason; run again; a big dog; running after
2．(2024·全国甲卷)And be careful about the foods you keep at hand．
be careful about; keep at hand
3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips．
This mountain walk; an insight into the skills required for hillwalking; get the most from; future walking trips
4．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful．
The latest engineering techniques; this protective functional structure
5．It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun．
the position of the sun
6．Compared with some people in Africa， we are better off．
Compared with; better off
7．Determined to adapt himself to the new educational reform， he began to make plans every day and carry them out．
Determined to adapt; the new educational reform; make plans; carry them out
8．Reading books is a great way to broaden one's knowledge and imagination．
Reading books; a great way; broaden one's knowledge and imagination
探究一　热词
1．deserve vt． 值得；应得；应受(教材P40)
deserving adj． 值得的；应得的 deservedly adv． 应得地；理所当然地 deserve doing/to be done 值得被做……(主语是动词do的承受者) deserve to do 应该做……(do为主语发出的动作) deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
①The charity organization works tirelessly to help those most deserving in our community．
这家慈善组织不懈努力，帮助社区中最需要帮助的人。
②He deserves praising for his outstanding efforts in leading the team to victory．
他应该得到表扬，因为他出色地领导团队取得了胜利。
③The ancient ruins deserve to be preserved for future generations to appreciate．
这些古代遗迹值得被保存下来，供后代欣赏。
④He deserves to win the award for his years of dedication to the community．
因他多年来对社区的贡献，他应该获得这个奖项。
　动名词用主动形式表示被动意义的搭配还有： want/need/require doing＝want/need/require to be done (某事)需要被做 be worth doing (某事)值得被做
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He deservedly (deserve) received the award for his outstanding leadership and innovative ideas．
②The employee's hard work and dedication made him a deserving (deserve) candidate for the position．
【学会表达】翻译
③你做了这么多努力，应该休息一下，放松放松。
You deserve to take a break and relax after all the hard work you've put in．
④这本书值得每一个热爱文学的人阅读。
The book deserves to be read by everyone who loves literature．
2．disabled adj． 有残疾的；丧失能力的→disable v． 使失去能力；使无资格；使伤残→disability n． 缺陷；障碍
The government has implemented various measures to ensure that people with disabilities have equal access to opportunities， thereby minimizing the disabling effects of their disabilities and empowering them to live fulfilling lives．
政府已实施各种措施，以确保残疾人能够平等地获得机会，从而最大程度地减少其残疾带来的不利影响，使他们能够过上充实的生活。
3．resign vi．& vt． 辞职；辞去→resignation n． 辞职；辞呈；放弃；顺从
Facing immense pressure from all sides， she finally decided to resign from her position， and her resignation was met with a mix of surprise and regret by her colleagues．
面对来自各方的巨大压力，她最终决定辞去她的职位，而她的辞职让同事们既感到惊讶又感到遗憾。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Despite being disabled (disable)， he never let his condition hold him back and went on to achieve great success in his field．
②After years of service， he submitted his resignation (resign) with a heavy heart， but his letter was filled with gratitude for the opportunities he had been given．
【学会表达】完成句子
③通过坚持不懈的努力和社区的支持，他已经将自己的残疾转化为力量，激励了许多人。
Through perseverance and the support of his community， he has turned his disability into strengths and is an inspiration to many．
探究二　长难句分析
4．There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories．(教材P41) 毫无疑问，这些活动会给你留下难忘的回忆。
【分析】　There is no doubt that ．．． 为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”，that引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的内容。 doubt 其他常见句式及搭配： There is some doubt whether ．．． 对是否……有疑问 I don't/never (have) doubt that ．．． 我确信……；我不怀疑…… I doubt whether/if ．．． 我怀疑是否…… without/beyond doubt 无疑；必定
①There's no doubt that one day a cure to the disease will be found．
毫无疑问，总有一天会找到治愈这种疾病的方法。
②I never had any doubt (that) you would win．
我确信你会赢。
③You can complain， but I doubt if it'll make any difference．
你可以抱怨，但我怀疑这是否会有什么影响。
④The Premier League is without doubt the most demanding and competitive league in the world．
毫无疑问，英超联赛是世界上要求最高、竞争最激烈的联赛。
　(1)当名词doubt用在否定句中时，后面接that引导的同位语从句；用在肯定句中时，后面接whether引导的同位语从句，注意此时不可以用if替换whether。 (2)及物动词doubt后接名词、代词或宾语从句。在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①There can be little doubt that he will offend again．
②He doubted if/whether he would learn anything new from Marie．
③He is without/beyond doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught．
【学会表达】翻译
④我不敢肯定这个新的是否会好些。
I doubt whether/if the new one will be any better．
探究三　短语(复习)
短语：短语(词组)是指由两个及以上的单词组合而成的一个有意义的语法单位。
语法点1　构成
短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语和介词短语 5种。
语法点2　用法
(1)名词短语
名词与它的修饰语一起构成名词短语。
1)前置定语(有限定词与形容词两种)＋名词
限定词(冠词，数词，指示代词，不定代词等)＋名词
twelve dwarfs 十二个小矮人， another chance 另一个机会
形容词＋名词
beautiful flowers 漂亮的花， pleasant trips 愉快的旅行
限定词＋形容词＋名词
the best answer 最佳答案， these innocent people 这些无辜的人
2)名词＋后置定语(介词短语/分词短语/不定式短语/形容词短语/定语从句/同位语从句等)
3)前置定语＋名词＋后置定语
限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语
The old house behind the cinema is a drugstore．
电影院后面的旧房子是一家药店。
限定词＋形容词＋名词＋分词短语
That old man standing against the wall looks frustrated．
那个靠墙站着的老人看上去很沮丧。
限定词＋名词＋不定式短语
Our goal to go to university is about to be realized．
我们上大学的目标即将实现。
限定词＋名词＋形容词短语
The world full of wonders attracted me deeply．
这个充满奇迹的世界深深地吸引了我。
限定词＋形容词＋名词＋定语从句
How much is this old house you bought
你买的这幢旧房子花了多少钱？
限定词＋名词＋同位语从句
I have no idea when he will return．
我不知道他什么时候会回来。
(2)动词短语
动词加介词或副词等构成词组后，在意义上和原来的动词不同，这种词组叫短语动词或动词短语。
1)动词＋副词
有的动词短语一般不跟宾语，如go ahead， fall behind， get up， lie down， go up， run out， give in， stay up等。
①My passport has run out．
我的护照已失效。
②Under no conditions should we give in．
无论如何我们不应屈服。
有的动词短语可以跟宾语，如put off， carry out， give up， wake up， check in， eat up， fill in， find out， fix up， hand in， mix up， look up， make out， turn down， work out等。
①We've decided to put the meeting off/put off the meeting．
我们决定推迟会议。
②We've decided to put it off．
我们决定将它推迟。(不用put off it)
　宾语是名词时，放在副词前面或后面都可以，但作宾语的若是人称代词时，只能放在动词和副词之间。
2)动词＋介词
如ask for， care for， call for， break into， deal with， call on， look for等。
①I don't care for tea．
我不喜欢喝茶。
②This plan will call for a lot of money．
这个计划将需要很多钱。
3)动词＋副词＋介词
如look forward to， put up with， look up to， go in for， go along with， date back to， look down on， keep up with， catch up with， add up to， run out of等。
①I'm now looking forward to going back to work as soon as possible．
我现在渴望尽快回到工作中。
②She soon caught up with us．
她很快就赶上了我们。
4)动词＋名词＋介词
如take care of， pay attention to， make use of， make contribution to等。
①Take care of your brother while I am away．
我不在的时候，你要照顾好弟弟。
②There is a great deal here that you can make use of．
这里有许多你可以利用的东西。
(3)形容词短语
形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰词构成的短语。
1)两个或多个形容词可以由and， but等连词连接，构成形容词短语。
①Your room is large and beautiful．
你的房间又大又好看。
②He is young but experienced．
他虽然年轻但经验丰富。
2)very， awfully， enough， rather等程度副词作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。
①It is very hot today．
今天很热。
②The road is long enough．
这条路足够长。
3)介词及其宾语在形容词后作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。
①I am sure of success．
我确信会成功的。
②The bottle is full of water．
瓶子里装满了水。
4)不定式在形容词后作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。
①He is sure to come．
他一定会来的。
②She is very nice to talk to．
和她交谈很愉快。
(4)副词短语
副词短语是指由多个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的短语。
1)多个副词可以由and， but等连词连接，构成副词短语。
①I tried again and again．
我尝试了一遍又一遍。
②She types quickly and correctly．
她打字又快又准。
2)very， extremely， rather， enough等程度副词作修饰语，可与其他副词构成副词短语。
①He runs extremely fast．
他跑得非常快。
②The teacher speaks clearly enough．
老师说得很清楚。
3)介词及其宾语在副词后修饰副词，可与副词构成副词短语。
①He ran fast on his way home．
他在回家的路上跑得很快。
②He speaks English slowly to his students．
他以缓慢的语速对他的学生们讲英语。
(5)介词短语
介词短语又叫介宾短语，是介词与其后的宾语构成的词组。
1)介词短语可以用作表语
①This company is badly in need of new blood．
这个公司急需新人。
②The book you want is on the table．
你要的那本书在桌子上。
2)介词短语可以用作状语
①The children are playing by the river．
孩子们正在河边玩耍。
②With the help of this machine， we can make a new product．
利用这台机器，我们能够生产一种新产品。
3)介词短语可以用作定语
①The woman in the room is his wife．
房间里的那位女士是他的妻子。
②China is a country with a long history．
中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
　短语介词相当于一个介词的词组，它不能单独作句子成分。如：in front of， at the back of等。
(1)单句语法填空
①To our embarrassment (embarrass)， some students spoke loudly when attending the lecture．
②He struck the table with his fist rather heavily (heavy)．
③Despite a chorus of voices calling for his rest， he still sticks to his post．
④He is a nice fellow and easy to get (get) along with．
⑤Many pavilions have been built to shade the walkers from/against the sunlight．
(2)完成句子
①尽管可能会冒犯她，但我还是得告诉她实情。
At the risk of offending her， I have to tell her the truth．
②但愿你可以调整状态，在期末考试中获得胜利。
I pray that you can adjust your state and succeed in the final exam．
③我来是为了与您就正在讨论的业务签订一份合同。
I have come to make a contract with you for the business under discussion．
④中国新年的习俗因地而异。
The customs of Chinese New Year may vary from place to place．
⑤人们通常把幸福与金钱联系在一起，这是完全错误的。
People usually relate happiness to money， which is totally wrong．
维度一　高频词汇
(一)写出下列词缀的含义及例词
1．fore →在前面的，之前的或预先的→forehead; foresee
2． y→具有……性质的或充满……的→dusty; rainy
3． ary/ ory→与……有关的或具有……性质的→secondary; victory
4． er→与……相关的人，做……的事物；比较级，表示“更”→rubber; founder
(二)选词填空
deserve， disabled， responsible， plug， resign
1．The accident left him partially disabled， requiring him to use a wheelchair for mobility．
2．After years of hard work and little recognition， she finally submitted her resignation letter in frustration．
3．He was deservedly promoted to the position of manager for his exceptional performance and dedication to the company．
4．The technician quickly plugged the leak in the pipeline， preventing further damage to the environment．
5．As the project leader， she felt fully responsible for ensuring the success of the mission and the safety of her team．
维度二　语法运用
(三)单句语法填空
1．The money saved could be used for more deserving (deserve) causes．
2．If a plug is wired incorrectly， it can be dangerous．
3．They cared for their disabled (disable) son for 27 years， at great personal sacrifice．
4．There is no doubt that global warming has become one of the biggest problems we face today．
5．You wouldn't believe the amount of trouble I've had with this car．
维度三　素养提升
(四)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．这位世界著名的画家的杰作在拍卖会上创下了天价。
The world famous painter's masterpiece fetched a record breaking price at the auction．
2．她穿着一条极其漂亮的礼服去参加毕业舞会，成为了全场的焦点。
She wore a stunningly beautiful dress to the prom， making her the center of attention．
3．让我们立刻开始那个项目吧。
Let's start working on that project right away．
(五)翻译
1．完成家庭作业后，她出去和朋友们玩了。
After finishing her homework， she went out to play with her friends．
2．那本书在书桌上面的架子上，花瓶旁边。
The book is on the shelf above the desk， next to the vase．
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·吉林省松原市高二下期末)I eagerly offered my assistance to an elderly woman with a shopping cart filled with groceries． I skillfully arranged all the __1__ in her car trunk． She tried to slip me a $20 bill， but I __2__．
“Thank you， madam， but it's all part of my __3__． I don't require a tip，” I explained with a smile．
However， the customer insisted on showing her __4__． “You're always so __5__ and diligent! Let me assist you a little．”
Grateful for her __6__ intention， yet aware of our company policy， I replied， “I __7__ appreciate your generosity， ma'am， but I'm not __8__ to accept tips． A simple ‘thank you’ is enough．”
Reluctantly， she expressed her gratitude． “Well， then ．．． thank you．”
Then， something __9__ happened． She pretended to put the __10__ in her pocket， only to drop it on the ground． With a playful tone， she remarked that it would be a __11__ to let it go to waste． She got in her car and __12__， leaving me amused．
Picking up the $20 bill， a wave of warmth came over me． Small moments of connection and lightheartedness like this __13__ our days． It reminded me that kindness comes in many __14__， even in playful pranks (玩笑)． Sometimes， it's the unexpected moments that bring a smile to our faces and __15__ us to appreciate the little things in life．
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者帮助了一位老人，尽管作者拒绝小费，但老人还是以一种玩笑的方式留下了小费，这让作者感受到了人与人之间的温情与善良。
1．A．items B．tools
C．bags D．drinks
答案：A
解析：根据上文“an elderly woman with a shopping cart filled with groceries”可知，作者熟练地把老人购买的所有商品都放在她的汽车后备箱里。故选A。
2．A．agreed B．missed
C．declined D．hesitated
答案：C
解析：根据下文“I don't require a tip”可知，作者拒绝了老人提供的20美元钞票。故选C。
3．A．life B．job
C．mind D．aim
答案：B
解析：根据下文“However， the customer”可知，作者拒绝了老人的好意，认为这是自己工作的一部分。故选B。
4．A．support B．selflessness
C．concern D．appreciation
答案：D
解析：根据下文“she expressed her gratitude”可知，老人坚持给小费是为了表示感谢。故选D。
5．A．respectful B．careful
C．helpful D．useful
答案：C
解析：根据上文“I eagerly offered my assistance to an elderly woman with a shopping cart filled with groceries．”可知，老人夸赞作者乐于助人。故选C。
6．A．obvious B．kind
C．awkward D．extra
答案：B
解析：根据上文“Let me assist you a little．”可知，作者对老人的善意表示感激。故选B。
7．A．genuinely B．formally
C．curiously D．responsibly
答案：A
解析：根据上文“You're always ．．． a little．”可知，作者真诚地感谢老人的慷慨。故选A。
8．A．bothered B．encouraged
C．designed D．allowed
答案：D
解析：根据上文“yet aware of our company policy”可知，公司不允许员工收取小费。故选D。
9．A．unique B．exciting
C．unexpected D．graceful
答案：C
解析：根据下文“unexpected moments”可知，意想不到的事情发生了。故选C。
10．A．hand B．money
C．key D．ticket
答案：B
解析：根据下文“Picking up the $20 bill”可知，她假装把钱放进口袋。故选B。
11．A．shame B．joy
C．surprise D．pleasure
答案：A
解析：根据下文“let it go to waste”可知，浪费是一种耻辱。故选A。
12．A．left alone B．walked out
C．drove off D．ran away
答案：C
解析：根据上文“She got in her car”以及下文“leaving me amused”可知，她开车走了。故选C。
13．A．brighten B．spoil
C．enrich D．relate
答案：A
解析：根据下文“it's the unexpected moments that bring a smile to our faces and __15__ us to appreciate the little things in life”可知，这样的善举照亮了我们的日子。故选A。
14．A．times B．places
C．states D．forms
答案：D
解析：根据上文故事以及下文“even in playful pranks (玩笑)”可知，老人给小费的形式很出人意料，作者意识到善意有很多种形式。故选D。
15．A．ensure B．remind
C．force D．advise
答案：B
解析：根据上文“Sometimes， it's the unexpected moments that bring a smile to our faces”可知，意想不到的时刻让我们的脸上露出笑容，提醒我们要珍惜生活中的小事。故选B。
Ⅱ　七选五
(2024·河南省开封市高二下期中)
How Can Volunteering
Help You Get a Good Job
Sometimes， by giving just a little， you can get a lot back in return． This couldn't ring more true for volunteering． Here are just some of the things volunteering can do for your employ ability．
__1__
Employers like to see evidence of practical work experience on your CV (简历)—it tells them that you have the soft skills needed to work as part of a team and are able to handle responsibility． So， if the “work experience” section of your CV is looking a little bare， volunteering is a great way to flesh it out． Even if the role isn't super relevant to the job you want after university， so long as there are transferable (可迁移的) skills， it will be valuable for your CV．
Introduce you to new people
If you are volunteering in the sector you want to eventually work in， it will be a great way for you to network with people who have already broken into the field． __2__． They'd also make great references to refer future employers to．
Help you develop valuable skills
__3__， but getting hands on experience is key to really being able to transition into employment smoothly． Lectures and seminars can't really teach you personal skills like leadership， time management， how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner， which are all valuable to employers． __4__．
Boost your confidence
You'll experience so many personal benefits from helping the community or lending a hand for a worthwhile project． __5__． All of this—as well as the practical experience itself—will boost your confidence， meaning you can approach job applications and interviews with renewed courage and belief in yourself．
A．Improve your CV
B．Update your interview skills
C．Volunteering is a great way to push you ahead
D．University prepares you for work academically
E．Volunteering can help you develop all of these and plenty more
F．It can help give you a fresh sense of purpose and make you feel valued
G．Use the opportunity to pick their brains， get insider advice and find out job opportunities
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了志愿活动对就业有好处的几个方面。
1．答案：A
解析：设空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Employers like to see ．．． to flesh it out．”可知，本段主要讲述了志愿者的经历能够帮助你丰富简历，A项(改善你的简历)概括本段内容，适合作为本段小标题。故选A。
2．答案：G
解析：根据上文“If you are volunteering in the sector ．．． have already broken into the field．”及下文“They'd also make great references to refer future employers to．”可知，设空处应讲述这些已经进入该领域的人能够对你提供的帮助，G项(利用这个机会集思广益，听取内部人士的建议，并寻找工作机会)符合语境。故选G。
3．答案：D
解析：根据下文“but getting hands on experience ．．． into employment smoothly”可知，下文强调了实践经验的重要性，再根据下文“Lectures and seminars can't really teach ．．． which are all valuable to employers．”可知，设空处讲述的内容应与学校学习有关，D项(大学从学术上为你的工作做好准备)与下文构成转折关系。故选D。
4．答案：E
解析：根据本段小标题“Help you develop valuable skills (帮助你培养有价值的技能)”及上文“Lectures and seminars can't really teach ．．． which are all valuable to employers．”可知，设空处应讲述志愿活动可以帮助获得讲座和研讨会不能获得的东西，E项(志愿活动可以帮助你得到所有的这些，甚至更多)符合语境。故选E。
5．答案：F
解析：根据上文“You'll experience ．．． for a worthwhile project．”及下文“All of this ．．． belief in yourself．”可知，设空处应讲述志愿活动给你带来的心理上的好处，F项(它能给你一种全新的使命感，让你觉得自己被重视了)符合语境。故选F。
Ⅲ　语法填空
(2024·安徽省安庆市高二下期末)Children in one village in the Qianxinan Bouyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province have a new place to spend their vacations—a library in a karst cave (溶洞) built by a local charity group．
__1__ (situate) in Banwan village， the library became a must visit place for __2__ (tourist) during the recent holidays．
“Developing a culture of reading in a rural community is not __3__ easy thing， because it is not a necessity for residents． This is why the library has an __4__ (appeal) design， which helps encourage potential readers，”says Zhou Beilei， head of the Dashan Xiaoai charity．
This is the __5__ (eight) library that the charity has built to help rural residents， __6__ (especial) children learn． Zhou， who __7__ (work) in rural education in the past 10 years， discovers that rural children， many of __8__ live with relatives because their parents have migrated to cities to work， do not have a place to spend quality time after school．
She says that if we take school vacations and festival holidays into account， students in Qianxinan spend more than 180 days staying at home， where most have no access __9__ educational resources． “This is why we decided to build libraries for the children __10__ (develop) their love for reading，” Zhou says．
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________
5．________　6．________　7．________　8．________
9．________　10．________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了贵州省黔西南布依族苗族自治州的开在溶洞里的乡村图书馆。
1．答案：Situated
解析：考查非谓语动词。主语the library与situate之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语。位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Situated。
2．答案：tourists
解析：考查名词。tourist为可数名词，此处是指这个图书馆成了众多游客的必去之地，应用名词复数作宾语。故填tourists。
3．答案：an
解析：考查冠词。thing为可数名词，此处泛指“一件容易的事情”，且easy的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
4．答案：appealing
解析：考查词性转换。设空处修饰名词design，应用形容词appealing作定语，意为“吸引人的”。故填appealing。
5．答案：eighth
解析：考查数词。根据设空前的the可知，此处指“第八个”，应用序数词eighth。故填eighth。
6．答案：especially
解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词especially作状语，意为“尤其是，特别是”。故填especially。
7．答案：has worked/has been working
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处为who引导的定语从句的谓语，主语who指代先行词Zhou，为单数，且根据时间状语in the past 10 years可知，此处应用现在完成时，也可以理解为动作的持续和可能继续持续下去，因此也可用现在完成进行时。故填has worked/has been working。
8．答案：whom
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为rural children，指人，从句中缺少介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
9．答案：to
解析：考查介词。have no access to意为“无法获得”，为固定搭配。故填to。
10．答案：to develop
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示“我们决定为孩子们修建图书馆的目的是培养他们对阅读的热爱”，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to develop。
　精深阅读
(2024·福建省福州市联盟校高二下期末)It was the summer of 1979， Laurie， my wife， and I were excited to spend two weeks exploring Africa． Our adventures led us to a city called Tétouan in Morocco． We were walking in the marketplace when I saw her．
She was about 20 feet from us， lying flat on her stomach， pulling herself across the streets． Her hands were dirty and bloodied， covered with cuts． People were rushing past her． She was almost invisible to everyone around her． The crowd was sweeping us down the street， little fazed by the woman's situation．
“We have to do something，” I said to Laurie． She nodded． We looked up and down the street， searching for something to buy her， anything with wheels． But before we could figure out a way to help her， she was gone．
Many years later， as I walked through our living room past an old wheelchair， I suddenly stopped dead in my tracks． My thoughts flew back to that woman in the marketplace． I wondered if there was a way to make a wheelchair that would be durable yet lightweight， easy to produce， and affordable to transport． I began to draw designs for a prototype． Several materials crossed my mind: steel， iron， and plastic． But for the longest time， I was stuck． We were approaching the end of lawn (草坪) furniture season in California when the answer suddenly came out of the blue． The white resin (树脂) lawn chair．
In 2001， our humanitarian nonprofit， Free Wheelchair Mission， was born． Over the past two decades， we have given away wheelchairs to over 1．3 million people across five continents． The gift of mobility transforms the lives of people living with disabilities． That's why I tell our story in my new book Miracle Wheels: The Story of a Mission to Bring Mobility to the World， not only to share my journey to find purpose but also to encourage you to find purpose in your own journey by helping others in need．
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过制作轮椅帮助他人的故事。
1．What does the underlined word “fazed” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Bothered． B．Convinced．
C．Motivated． D．Threatened．
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“She was almost ．．． down the street”可知，周围的人对她视而不见，并没有对她的处境感到“困扰”，faze意为“使困扰”，与bother同义。故选A。
2．How did the author feel about the woman
A．Slightly embarrassed． B．Slightly guilty．
C．Full of fear． D．Full of sympathy．
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We looked up and down ．．． anything with wheels．”可推知，作者对这个女人充满同情。故选D。
3．What troubled the author most when he started to build a wheelchair
A．Its special design． B．Its ideal material．
C．Its traveling distance． D．Its particular function．
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Several materials crossed my mind ．．． I was stuck．”可知，当作者开始制作轮椅时，理想的材料最困扰他。故选B。
4．Why does the author share his story in his new book
A．To draw more attention to the disabled．
B．To attract readers to join his organization．
C．To use it as an introduction to the new book．
D．To encourage readers to find meaning in assisting others．
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“That's why I tell our story ．．． by helping others in need．”可知，作者在他的新书中分享他的故事，是为了鼓励读者通过帮助有需要的人来找到自己的目标。由此可推知，作者想通过他的故事鼓励读者在帮助他人中找到意义。故选D。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．marketplace n． 市场，市集
2．bloodied adj． 沾满血迹的
3．invisible adj． 看不见的，隐形的
4．durable adj． 耐用的，持久的
5．mobility n． 灵活性，流动能力；活动性
(二)高频短语
6．look up and down 四处搜寻，上下打量
7．figure out 找出；查明
8．give away 赠送；送出
9．encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
10．in need 在困境中，贫困的
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．The mountain was breathtakingly beautiful， its peaks covered with a thick blanket of white snow．
2．Despite facing various disabilities (disable)， she remains determined and has inspired many with her unwavering spirit．
3．It not only tasted better but was more affordable (afford) and easier to keep．
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
4．As you approach the town， you'll see the college on the left．接近，靠近
5．The new backpack is designed to be lightweight and durable， making it perfect for hiking and outdoor adventures．重量轻的
6．Over the past decades， technology has advanced rapidly， transforming the way we live and work．数十年
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
transform， situation， excite
1．The present circumstance is quite challenging， requiring us to think outside the box for solutions．situation
2．The prospect of the upcoming trip has thrilled me beyond measure， and I can hardly contain my enthusiasm．excited
3．The innovative technology has changed the way we communicate， making instant global connections possible．transformed
(六)长难句分析
That's why I tell our story in my new book Miracle Wheels: The Story of a Mission to Bring Mobility to the World， not only to share my journey to find purpose but also to encourage you to find purpose in your own journey by helping others in need．
句意：这就是我在我的新书《奇迹之轮：为世界带来行动力的使命故事》中讲述我们的故事的原因，不仅是为了分享我寻找人生目标的历程，也是为了鼓励你们通过帮助需要帮助的人，在你们自己的旅程中找到人生目标。
分析：主干是That's why I tell our story；why引导表语从句；not only ．．． but also ．．． 连接两个并列的动词不定式短语作目的状语；journey后的动词不定式短语to find purpose作后置定语，you后的动词不定式短语to find purpose作宾语补足语。
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．When he saw the bear approaching， he stopped dead (突然停止) in his tracks， frozen with fear．
2．After hours of brainstorming， the team finally figured out a way (找到一个方法) to overcome the technical hurdle．
(八)仿写句子
We were approaching the end of lawn (草坪) furniture season in California when the answer suddenly came out of the blue． (was/were doing ．．． when ．．． )
仿写：我正要吃完早餐时，突然停电了。
I was just finishing my breakfast when suddenly the power went out．
2(共105张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 4　SHARING
单元主题：人与社会——志愿服务
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
——Build up your vocabulary——
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词
ary/ ory ____________________________ ___________， victory， imaginary， revolutionary， primary
er ______________，____________；比较级，表示“更” ________， teacher， founder， manager， lawyer
fore __________，之前的或________ ___________， foresee， forewarn， forecast， foreword
y ______________或充满……的 ______， rainy， sunny， funny， snowy
一、构词法
与……有关的或具有……性质的
secondary
与……相关的人
做……的事物
rubber
在前面的
预先的
forehead
具有……性质的
dusty
二、按分类填充捐赠物品的思维导图
tablet, pan, clean water, food
pencil, uniform, laptop, rubber
desk, platform, playground
textbook, blackboard
WELCOME UNIT
——Discover useful structures——
预习检测 词汇打卡
自主学习 课时语法
目录
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 课时重点
3
对点练习 巩固所学
4
课后课时作业
5
预习检测 词汇打卡
一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义
plug vt． _____________　n． ______________________
二、核心单词：写出英文单词
_________ vt． 值得；应得；应受
封堵；补足
堵塞物；插头；插座
deserve
三、拓展单词：写出下列单词的词性转换(可查字典)
1．disabled adj． 有残疾的；丧失能力的→________ v． 使失去能力；使无资格；使伤残→_________ n． 缺陷；障碍
2．resign vi．& vt． 辞职；辞去→__________ n． 辞职；辞呈；放弃；顺从
disable
disability
resignation
自主学习　课时语法
写出下列句子中的短语
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I decided that the only reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
___________________________________________
2．(2024·全国甲卷)And be careful about the foods you keep at hand．
___________________________
the only reason; run again; a big dog; running after
be careful about; keep at hand
3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips．
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
4．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful．
_________________________________________________________
5．It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun．
_____________________
This mountain walk; an insight into the skills required for hillwalking; get the most from; future walking trips
The latest engineering techniques; this protective functional structure
the position of the sun
6．Compared with some people in Africa， we are better off．
_________________________
7．Determined to adapt himself to the new educational reform， he began to make plans every day and carry them out．
_______________________________________________________________
8．Reading books is a great way to broaden one's knowledge and imagination．
_____________________________________________________________
Compared with; better off
Determined to adapt; the new educational reform; make plans; carry them out
Reading books; a great way; broaden one's knowledge and imagination
合作探究 课时重点
探究一　热词
1．deserve vt． 值得；应得；应受(教材P40)
deserving adj． 值得的；应得的
deservedly adv． 应得地；理所当然地
deserve doing/to be done 值得被做……(主语是动词do的承受者)
deserve to do 应该做……(do为主语发出的动作)
deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
①The charity organization works tirelessly to help those most deserving in our community．
这家慈善组织不懈努力，帮助社区中最需要帮助的人。
②He deserves praising for his outstanding efforts in leading the team to victory．
他应该得到表扬，因为他出色地领导团队取得了胜利。
③The ancient ruins deserve to be preserved for future generations to appreciate．
这些古代遗迹值得被保存下来，供后代欣赏。
④He deserves to win the award for his years of dedication to the community．
因他多年来对社区的贡献，他应该获得这个奖项。
　 动名词用主动形式表示被动意义的搭配还有：
want/need/require doing＝want/need/require to be done (某事)需要被做
be worth doing (某事)值得被做
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①He ___________ (deserve) received the award for his outstanding leadership and innovative ideas．
②The employee’s hard work and dedication made him a ___________ (deserve) candidate for the position．
deservedly
deserving
【学会表达】翻译
③你做了这么多努力，应该休息一下，放松放松。
_______________________________________________________________
④这本书值得每一个热爱文学的人阅读。
________________________________________________________________
You deserve to take a break and relax after all the hard work you've put in．
The book deserves to be read by everyone who loves literature．
2．disabled adj． 有残疾的；丧失能力的→_________ v． 使失去能力；使无资格；使伤残→___________ n． 缺陷；障碍
The government has implemented various measures to ensure that people with disabilities have equal access to opportunities， thereby minimizing the disabling effects of their disabilities and empowering them to live fulfilling lives．
政府已实施各种措施，以确保残疾人能够平等地获得机会，从而最大程度地减少其残疾带来的不利影响，使他们能够过上充实的生活。
disable
disability
Facing immense pressure from all sides， she finally decided to resign from her position， and her resignation was met with a mix of surprise and regret by her colleagues．
面对来自各方的巨大压力，她最终决定辞去她的职位，而她的辞职让同事们既感到惊讶又感到遗憾。
3．resign vi．& vt． 辞职；辞去→___________ n． 辞职；辞呈；放弃；顺从
resignation
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①Despite being __________ (disable)， he never let his condition hold him back and went on to achieve great success in his field．
②After years of service， he submitted his _____________ (resign) with a heavy heart， but his letter was filled with gratitude for the opportunities he had been given．
disabled
resignation
【学会表达】完成句子
③通过坚持不懈的努力和社区的支持，他已经将自己的残疾转化为力量，激励了许多人。
Through perseverance and the support of his community， __________________ ______________________ and is an inspiration to many．
he has turned his
disability into strengths
探究二　长难句分析
4．There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories．(教材P41)
毫无疑问，这些活动会给你留下难忘的回忆。
【分析】　There is no doubt that ... 为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”，that引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的内容。
doubt 其他常见句式及搭配：
There is some doubt whether ... 对是否……有疑问
I don't/never (have) doubt that ... 我确信……；我不怀疑……
I doubt whether/if ... 我怀疑是否……
without/beyond doubt 无疑；必定
①There's no doubt that one day a cure to the disease will be found．
毫无疑问，总有一天会找到治愈这种疾病的方法。
②I never had any doubt (that) you would win．
我确信你会赢。
③You can complain， but I doubt if it'll make any difference．
你可以抱怨，但我怀疑这是否会有什么影响。
④The Premier League is without doubt the most demanding and competitive league in the world．
毫无疑问，英超联赛是世界上要求最高、竞争最激烈的联赛。
(1)当名词doubt用在否定句中时，后面接that引导的同位语从句；用在肯定句中时，后面接whether引导的同位语从句，注意此时不可以用if替换whether。
(2)及物动词doubt后接名词、代词或宾语从句。在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面接that引导的宾语从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。
【学会运用】单句语法填空
①There can be little doubt _______ he will offend again．
②He doubted __________ he would learn anything new from Marie．
③He is ________________ doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught．
【学会表达】翻译
④我不敢肯定这个新的是否会好些。
____________________________________________
that
if/whether
without/beyond
I doubt whether/if the new one will be any better．
探究三　短语(复习)
短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语和介词短语 5种。
(1)名词短语
名词与它的修饰语一起构成名词短语。
短语：短语(词组)是指由两个及以上的单词组合而成的一个有意义的语法单位。
语法点1　构成
语法点2　用法
1)前置定语(有限定词与形容词两种)＋名词
限定词(冠词，数词，指示代词，不定代词等)＋名词
twelve dwarfs 十二个小矮人， another chance 另一个机会
形容词＋名词
beautiful flowers 漂亮的花， pleasant trips 愉快的旅行
限定词＋形容词＋名词
the best answer 最佳答案， these innocent people 这些无辜的人
2)名词＋后置定语(介词短语/分词短语/不定式短语/形容词短语/定语从句/同位语从句等)
3)前置定语＋名词＋后置定语
限定词＋形容词＋名词＋介词短语
The old house behind the cinema is a drugstore．
电影院后面的旧房子是一家药店。
限定词＋形容词＋名词＋分词短语
That old man standing against the wall looks frustrated．
那个靠墙站着的老人看上去很沮丧。
限定词＋名词＋不定式短语
Our goal to go to university is about to be realized．
我们上大学的目标即将实现。
限定词＋名词＋形容词短语
The world full of wonders attracted me deeply．
这个充满奇迹的世界深深地吸引了我。
限定词＋形容词＋名词＋定语从句
How much is this old house you bought
你买的这幢旧房子花了多少钱？
限定词＋名词＋同位语从句
I have no idea when he will return．
我不知道他什么时候会回来。
(2)动词短语
动词加介词或副词等构成词组后，在意义上和原来的动词不同，这种词组叫短语动词或动词短语。
1)动词＋副词
有的动词短语一般不跟宾语，如go ahead， fall behind， get up， lie down， go up， run out， give in， stay up等。
①My passport has run out．
我的护照已失效。
②Under no conditions should we give in．
无论如何我们不应屈服。
有的动词短语可以跟宾语，如put off， carry out， give up， wake up， check in， eat up， fill in， find out， fix up， hand in， mix up， look up， make out， turn down， work out等。
①We've decided to put the meeting off/put off the meeting．
我们决定推迟会议。
②We've decided to put it off．
我们决定将它推迟。(不用put off it)
2)动词＋介词
如ask for， care for， call for， break into， deal with， call on， look for等。
①I don't care for tea．
我不喜欢喝茶。
②This plan will call for a lot of money．
这个计划将需要很多钱。
　 宾语是名词时，放在副词前面或后面都可以，但作宾语的若是人称代词时，只能放在动词和副词之间。
3)动词＋副词＋介词
如look forward to， put up with， look up to， go in for， go along with， date back to， look down on， keep up with， catch up with， add up to， run out of等。
①I'm now looking forward to going back to work as soon as possible．
我现在渴望尽快回到工作中。
②She soon caught up with us．
她很快就赶上了我们。
4)动词＋名词＋介词
如take care of， pay attention to， make use of， make contribution to等。
①Take care of your brother while I am away．
我不在的时候，你要照顾好弟弟。
②There is a great deal here that you can make use of．
这里有许多你可以利用的东西。
(3)形容词短语
形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰词构成的短语。
1)两个或多个形容词可以由and， but等连词连接，构成形容词短语。
①Your room is large and beautiful．
你的房间又大又好看。
②He is young but experienced．
他虽然年轻但经验丰富。
2)very， awfully， enough， rather等程度副词作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。
①It is very hot today．
今天很热。
②The road is long enough．
这条路足够长。
3)介词及其宾语在形容词后作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。
①I am sure of success．
我确信会成功的。
②The bottle is full of water．
瓶子里装满了水。
4)不定式在形容词后作修饰语，可与形容词构成形容词短语。
①He is sure to come．
他一定会来的。
②She is very nice to talk to．
和她交谈很愉快。
(4)副词短语
副词短语是指由多个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的短语。
1)多个副词可以由and， but等连词连接，构成副词短语。
①I tried again and again．
我尝试了一遍又一遍。
②She types quickly and correctly．
她打字又快又准。
2)very， extremely， rather， enough等程度副词作修饰语，可与其他副词构成副词短语。
①He runs extremely fast．
他跑得非常快。
②The teacher speaks clearly enough．
老师说得很清楚。
3)介词及其宾语在副词后修饰副词，可与副词构成副词短语。
①He ran fast on his way home．
他在回家的路上跑得很快。
②He speaks English slowly to his students．
他以缓慢的语速对他的学生们讲英语。
(5)介词短语
介词短语又叫介宾短语，是介词与其后的宾语构成的词组。
1)介词短语可以用作表语
①This company is badly in need of new blood．
这个公司急需新人。
②The book you want is on the table．
你要的那本书在桌子上。
2)介词短语可以用作状语
①The children are playing by the river．
孩子们正在河边玩耍。
②With the help of this machine， we can make a new product．
利用这台机器，我们能够生产一种新产品。
3)介词短语可以用作定语
①The woman in the room is his wife．
房间里的那位女士是他的妻子。
②China is a country with a long history．
中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
　 短语介词相当于一个介词的词组，它不能单独作句子成分。如：in front of， at the back of等。
(1)单句语法填空
①To our __________________ (embarrass)， some students spoke loudly when attending the lecture．
②He struck the table with his fist rather __________ (heavy)．
③Despite a chorus of voices calling for his rest， he still sticks _____ his post．
④He is a nice fellow and easy ________ (get) along with．
⑤Many pavilions have been built to shade the walkers ___________ the sunlight．
embarrassment
heavily
to
to get
from/against
(2)完成句子
①尽管可能会冒犯她，但我还是得告诉她实情。
__________________________， I have to tell her the truth．
②但愿你可以调整状态，在期末考试中获得胜利。
I pray that you can adjust your state and ________________________．
At the risk of offending her
succeed in the final exam
③我来是为了与您就正在讨论的业务签订一份合同。
I have come to make a contract with you _______________ under discussion．
④中国新年的习俗因地而异。
The customs of Chinese New Year may vary ___________________．
⑤人们通常把幸福与金钱联系在一起，这是完全错误的。
People usually relate happiness to money， which is ______________．
for the business
from place to place
totally wrong
对点练习 巩固所学
维度一　高频词汇
(一)写出下列词缀的含义及例词
1．fore →____________，________或_________→_________;_________
2． y→________________或_____________→_______;________
3． ary/ ory→______________或________________→__________;_________
4． er→_________________，_______________；比较级，表示“更”→ ________;_________
在前面的
之前的
预先的
forehead
具有……性质的
充满……的
dusty
与……有关的
具有……性质的
secondary
与……相关的人
做……的事物
rubber
foresee
rainy
victory
founder
(二)选词填空
1．The accident left him partially ___________， requiring him to use a wheelchair for mobility．
2．After years of hard work and little recognition， she finally submitted her _____________ letter in frustration．
disabled
deserve， disabled， responsible， plug， resign
resignation
3．He was ____________ promoted to the position of manager for his exceptional performance and dedication to the company．
4．The technician quickly __________ the leak in the pipeline， preventing further damage to the environment．
5．As the project leader， she felt fully ____________ for ensuring the success of the mission and the safety of her team．
deservedly
plugged
responsible
维度二　语法运用
(三)单句语法填空
1．The money saved could be used for more ___________ (deserve) causes．
2．If ____ plug is wired incorrectly， it can be dangerous．
3．They cared for their __________ (disable) son for 27 years， at great personal sacrifice．
4．There is no doubt ________ global warming has become one of the biggest problems we face today．
5．You wouldn't believe the amount _____ trouble I've had with this car．
deserving
a
disabled
that
of
维度三　素养提升
(四)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．这位世界著名的画家的杰作在拍卖会上创下了天价。
___________________________________ fetched a record breaking price at the auction．
2．她穿着一条极其漂亮的礼服去参加毕业舞会，成为了全场的焦点。
She wore a ____________________ dress to the prom， making her the center of attention．
3．让我们立刻开始那个项目吧。
Let's start working on that project ____________．
The world famous painter's masterpiece
stunningly beautiful
right away
(五)翻译
1．完成家庭作业后，她出去和朋友们玩了。
____________________________________________________________
2．那本书在书桌上面的架子上，花瓶旁边。
___________________________________________________
After finishing her homework， she went out to play with her friends．
The book is on the shelf above the desk， next to the vase．
课后课时作业
较易题(占比70%)　中档题(占比30%)　拔高题(占比0%)
题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
难度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·吉林省松原市高二下期末)I eagerly offered my assistance to an elderly woman with a shopping cart filled with groceries． I skillfully arranged all the __1__ in her car trunk． She tried to slip me a $20 bill， but I __2__．
“Thank you， madam， but it's all part of my __3__． I don't require a tip，” I explained with a smile．
However， the customer insisted on showing her __4__． “You're always so __5__ and diligent! Let me assist you a little．”
Grateful for her __6__ intention， yet aware of our company policy， I replied， “I __7__ appreciate your generosity， ma'am， but I'm not __8__ to accept tips． A simple ‘thank you’ is enough．”
Reluctantly， she expressed her gratitude． “Well， then ... thank you．”
Then， something __9__ happened． She pretended to put the __10__ in her pocket， only to drop it on the ground． With a playful tone， she remarked that it would be a __11__ to let it go to waste． She got in her car and __12__， leaving me amused．
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者帮助了一位老人，尽管作者拒绝小费，但老人还是以一种玩笑的方式留下了小费，这让作者感受到了人与人之间的温情与善良。
Picking up the $20 bill， a wave of warmth came over me． Small moments of connection and lightheartedness like this __13__ our days． It reminded me that kindness comes in many __14__， even in playful pranks (玩笑)． Sometimes， it's the unexpected moments that bring a smile to our faces and __15__ us to appreciate the little things in life．
1．A．items B．tools
C．bags D．drinks
解析：根据上文“an elderly woman with a shopping cart filled with groceries”可知，作者熟练地把老人购买的所有商品都放在她的汽车后备箱里。故选A。
2．A．agreed B．missed
C．declined D．hesitated
解析：根据下文“I don't require a tip”可知，作者拒绝了老人提供的20美元钞票。故选C。
3．A．life B．job
C．mind D．aim
解析：根据下文“However， the customer”可知，作者拒绝了老人的好意，认为这是自己工作的一部分。故选B。
4．A．support B．selflessness
C．concern D．appreciation
解析：根据下文“she expressed her gratitude”可知，老人坚持给小费是为了表示感谢。故选D。
5．A．respectful B．careful
C．helpful D．useful
解析：根据上文“I eagerly offered my assistance to an elderly woman with a shopping cart filled with groceries．”可知，老人夸赞作者乐于助人。故选C。
6．A．obvious B．kind
C．awkward D．extra
解析：根据上文“Let me assist you a little．”可知，作者对老人的善意表示感激。故选B。
7．A．genuinely B．formally
C．curiously D．responsibly
解析：根据上文“You're always ... a little．”可知，作者真诚地感谢老人的慷慨。故选A。
8．A．bothered B．encouraged
C．designed D．allowed
解析：根据上文“yet aware of our company policy”可知，公司不允许员工收取小费。故选D。
9．A．unique B．exciting
C．unexpected D．graceful
解析：根据下文“unexpected moments”可知，意想不到的事情发生了。故选C。
10．A．hand B．money
C．key D．ticket
解析：根据下文“Picking up the $20 bill”可知，她假装把钱放进口袋。故选B。
11．A．shame B．joy
C．surprise D．pleasure
解析：根据下文“let it go to waste”可知，浪费是一种耻辱。故选A。
12．A．left alone B．walked out
C．drove off D．ran away
解析：根据上文“She got in her car”以及下文“leaving me amused”可知，她开车走了。故选C。
13．A．brighten B．spoil
C．enrich D．relate
解析：根据下文“it's the unexpected moments that bring a smile to our faces and __15__ us to appreciate the little things in life”可知，这样的善举照亮了我们的日子。故选A。
14．A．times B．places
C．states D．forms
解析：根据上文故事以及下文“even in playful pranks (玩笑)”可知，老人给小费的形式很出人意料，作者意识到善意有很多种形式。故选D。
15．A．ensure B．remind
C．force D．advise
解析：根据上文“Sometimes， it's the unexpected moments that bring a smile to our faces”可知，意想不到的时刻让我们的脸上露出笑容，提醒我们要珍惜生活中的小事。故选B。
Ⅱ　七选五
(2024·河南省开封市高二下期中)
How Can Volunteering
Help You Get a Good Job
Sometimes， by giving just a little， you can get a lot back in return． This couldn't ring more true for volunteering． Here are just some of the things volunteering can do for your employ ability．
__1__
Employers like to see evidence of practical work experience on your CV (简历)—it tells them that you have the soft skills needed to work as part of a team and are able to handle responsibility． So， if the “work experience” section of your CV is looking a little bare， volunteering is a great way to flesh it out． Even if the role isn't super relevant to the job you want after university， so long as there are transferable (可迁移的) skills， it will be valuable for your CV．
Introduce you to new people
If you are volunteering in the sector you want to eventually work in， it will be a great way for you to network with people who have already broken into the field． __2__． They'd also make great references to refer future employers to．
Help you develop valuable skills
__3__， but getting hands on experience is key to really being able to transition into employment smoothly． Lectures and seminars can't really teach you personal skills like leadership， time management， how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner， which are all valuable to employers． __4__．
Boost your confidence
You'll experience so many personal benefits from helping the community or lending a hand for a worthwhile project． __5__． All of this—as well as the practical experience itself—will boost your confidence， meaning you can approach job applications and interviews with renewed courage and belief in yourself．
A．Improve your CV
B．Update your interview skills
C．Volunteering is a great way to push you ahead
D．University prepares you for work academically
E．Volunteering can help you develop all of these and plenty more
F．It can help give you a fresh sense of purpose and make you feel valued
G．Use the opportunity to pick their brains， get insider advice and find out job opportunities
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了志愿活动对就业有好处的几个方面。
1．答案：A
解析：设空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Employers like to see ... to flesh it out．”可知，本段主要讲述了志愿者的经历能够帮助你丰富简历，A项(改善你的简历)概括本段内容，适合作为本段小标题。故选A。
2．答案：G
解析：根据上文“If you are volunteering in the sector ... have already broken into the field．”及下文“They'd also make great references to refer future employers to．”可知，设空处应讲述这些已经进入该领域的人能够对你提供的帮助，G项(利用这个机会集思广益，听取内部人士的建议，并寻找工作机会)符合语境。故选G。
3．答案：D
解析：根据下文“but getting hands on experience ... into employment smoothly”可知，下文强调了实践经验的重要性，再根据下文“Lectures and seminars can't really teach ... which are all valuable to employers．”可知，设空处讲述的内容应与学校学习有关，D项(大学从学术上为你的工作做好准备)与下文构成转折关系。故选D。
4．答案：E
解析：根据本段小标题“Help you develop valuable skills (帮助你培养有价值的技能)”及上文“Lectures and seminars can't really teach ... which are all valuable to employers．”可知，设空处应讲述志愿活动可以帮助获得讲座和研讨会不能获得的东西，E项(志愿活动可以帮助你得到所有的这些，甚至更多)符合语境。故选E。
5．答案：F
解析：根据上文“You'll experience ... for a worthwhile project．”及下文“All of this ... belief in yourself．”可知，设空处应讲述志愿活动给你带来的心理上的好处，F项(它能给你一种全新的使命感，让你觉得自己被重视了)符合语境。故选F。
Ⅲ　语法填空
(2024·安徽省安庆市高二下期末)Children in one village in the Qianxinan Bouyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province have a new place to spend their vacations—a library in a karst cave (溶洞) built by a local charity group．
__1__ (situate) in Banwan village， the library became a must visit place for __2__ (tourist) during the recent holidays．
“Developing a culture of reading in a rural community is not __3__ easy thing， because it is not a necessity for residents． This is why the library has an __4__ (appeal) design， which helps encourage potential readers，”says Zhou Beilei， head of the Dashan Xiaoai charity．
This is the __5__ (eight) library that the charity has built to help rural residents， __6__ (especial) children learn． Zhou， who __7__ (work) in rural education in the past 10 years， discovers that rural children， many of __8__ live with relatives because their parents have migrated to cities to work， do not have a place to spend quality time after school．
She says that if we take school vacations and festival holidays into account， students in Qianxinan spend more than 180 days staying at home， where most have no access __9__ educational resources． “This is why we decided to build libraries for the children __10__ (develop) their love for reading，” Zhou says．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了贵州省黔西南布依族苗族自治州的开在溶洞里的乡村图书馆。
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　
6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________
解析：考查非谓语动词。主语the library与situate之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语。位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Situated。
1．答案：Situated
解析：考查名词。tourist为可数名词，此处是指这个图书馆成了众多游客的必去之地，应用名词复数作宾语。故填tourists。
2．答案：tourists
解析：考查冠词。thing为可数名词，此处泛指“一件容易的事情”，且easy的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
3．答案：an
解析：考查词性转换。设空处修饰名词design，应用形容词appealing作定语，意为“吸引人的”。故填appealing。
4．答案：appealing
解析：考查数词。根据设空前的the可知，此处指“第八个”，应用序数词eighth。故填eighth。
5．答案：eighth
解析：考查词性转换。此处应用副词especially作状语，意为“尤其是，特别是”。故填especially。
6．答案：especially
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。设空处为who引导的定语从句的谓语，主语who指代先行词Zhou，为单数，且根据时间状语in the past 10 years可知，此处应用现在完成时，也可以理解为动作的持续和可能继续持续下去，因此也可用现在完成进行时。故填has worked/has been working。
7．答案：has worked/has been working
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为rural children，指人，从句中缺少介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
8．答案：whom
解析：考查介词。have no access to意为“无法获得”，为固定搭配。故填to。
9．答案：to
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示“我们决定为孩子们修建图书馆的目的是培养他们对阅读的热爱”，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to develop。
10．答案：to develop
(2024·福建省福州市联盟校高二下期末)It was the summer of 1979， Laurie， my wife， and I were excited to spend two weeks exploring Africa． Our adventures led us to a city called Tétouan in Morocco． We were walking in the marketplace when I saw her．
精深阅读
She was about 20 feet from us， lying flat on her stomach， pulling herself across the streets． Her hands were dirty and bloodied， covered with cuts． People were rushing past her． She was almost invisible to everyone around her． The crowd was sweeping us down the street， little fazed by the woman’s situation．
“We have to do something，” I said to Laurie． She nodded． We looked up and down the street， searching for something to buy her， anything with wheels． But before we could figure out a way to help her， she was gone．
Many years later， as I walked through our living room past an old wheelchair， I suddenly stopped dead in my tracks． My thoughts flew back to that woman in the marketplace． I wondered if there was a way to make a wheelchair that would be durable yet lightweight， easy to produce， and affordable to transport． I began to draw designs for a prototype． Several materials crossed my mind: steel， iron， and plastic． But for the longest time， I was stuck． We were approaching the end of lawn (草坪) furniture season in California when the answer suddenly came out of the blue． The white resin (树脂) lawn chair．
In 2001， our humanitarian nonprofit， Free Wheelchair Mission， was born． Over the past two decades， we have given away wheelchairs to over 1．3 million people across five continents． The gift of mobility transforms the lives of people living with disabilities． That's why I tell our story in my new book Miracle Wheels: The Story of a Mission to Bring Mobility to the World， not only to share my journey to find purpose but also to encourage you to find purpose in your own journey by helping others in need．
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过制作轮椅帮助他人的故事。
1．What does the underlined word “fazed” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Bothered． B．Convinced．
C．Motivated． D．Threatened．
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“She was almost ... down the street”可知，周围的人对她视而不见，并没有对她的处境感到“困扰”，faze意为“使困扰”，与bother同义。故选A。
2．How did the author feel about the woman
A．Slightly embarrassed． B．Slightly guilty．
C．Full of fear． D．Full of sympathy．
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We looked up and down ... anything with wheels．”可推知，作者对这个女人充满同情。故选D。
3．What troubled the author most when he started to build a wheelchair
A．Its special design． B．Its ideal material．
C．Its traveling distance． D．Its particular function．
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Several materials crossed my mind ... I was stuck．”可知，当作者开始制作轮椅时，理想的材料最困扰他。故选B。
4．Why does the author share his story in his new book
A．To draw more attention to the disabled．
B．To attract readers to join his organization．
C．To use it as an introduction to the new book．
D．To encourage readers to find meaning in assisting others．
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“That's why I tell our story ... by helping others in need．”可知，作者在他的新书中分享他的故事，是为了鼓励读者通过帮助有需要的人来找到自己的目标。由此可推知，作者想通过他的故事鼓励读者在帮助他人中找到意义。故选D。
精深阅读——好词句小练
(一)热词
1．___________ n． 市场，市集
2．bloodied adj． ____________
3．___________ adj． 看不见的，隐形的
4．durable adj． __________________
5．mobility n． ____________________________
marketplace
沾满血迹的
invisible
耐用的，持久的
灵活性，流动能力；活动性
(二)高频短语
6．look up and down ____________________
7．___________ 找出；查明
8．___________ 赠送；送出
9．_____________________ 鼓励某人做某事
10．in need __________________
四处搜寻，上下打量
figure out
give away
encourage sb to do sth
在困境中，贫困的
(三)根据语境填入恰当的内容
1．The mountain was breathtakingly beautiful， its peaks covered ________ a thick blanket of white snow．
2．Despite facing various ___________ (disable)， she remains determined and has inspired many with her unwavering spirit．
3．It not only tasted better but was more ___________ (afford) and easier to keep．
with
disabilities
affordable
(四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义
4．As you approach the town， you'll see the college on the left．____________
5．The new backpack is designed to be lightweight and durable， making it perfect for hiking and outdoor adventures．___________
6．Over the past decades， technology has advanced rapidly， transforming the way we live and work．_________
接近，靠近
重量轻的
数十年
(五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分
1．The present circumstance is quite challenging， requiring us to think outside the box for solutions．___________
2．The prospect of the upcoming trip has thrilled me beyond measure， and I can hardly contain my enthusiasm．__________
3．The innovative technology has changed the way we communicate， making instant global connections possible．___________
situation
transform， situation， excite
excited
transformed
(六)长难句分析
That's why I tell our story in my new book Miracle Wheels: The Story of a Mission to Bring Mobility to the World， not only to share my journey to find purpose but also to encourage you to find purpose in your own journey by helping others in need．
句意：这就是我在我的新书《奇迹之轮：为世界带来行动力的使命故事》中讲述我们的故事的原因，不仅是为了分享我寻找人生目标的历程，也是为了鼓励你们通过帮助需要帮助的人，在你们自己的旅程中找到人生目标。
分析：主干是____________________；why引导_____从句；not only ... but also ... 连接两个并列的动词不定式短语作_________；journey后的动词不定式短语to find purpose作_________，you后的动词不定式短语to find purpose作___________。
That's why I tell our story
表语
目的状语
后置定语
宾语补足语
(七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子
1．When he saw the bear approaching， he ______________ (突然停止) in his tracks， frozen with fear．
2．After hours of brainstorming， the team finally _________________ (找到一个方法) to overcome the technical hurdle．
stopped dead
figured out a way
(八)仿写句子
We were approaching the end of lawn (草坪) furniture season in California when the answer suddenly came out of the blue． (was/were doing ... when ... )
仿写：我正要吃完早餐时，突然停电了。
_____________________________________________________________
I was just finishing my breakfast when suddenly the power went out．

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