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Unit 6 Plan for Yourself
第3课时 (Section A Grammar Focus 3a-3d)
R·八年级上册
Lead-in
What do they want to be in the future
Presentation
What do you want to be in the future
I want to be an IT engineer.
How do you plan to do that
I’m going to work hard at maths.
Are you going to read more books about IT
Yes, I am.
What else are you going to do
I’m going to learn about AI too.
Try to translate the sentences below
你未来想成为什么？
我想成为一名信息技术工程师。
你打算怎么做？
我打算努力学习数学。
你打算读更多关于信息技术的书吗？
是的，我打算读。
你还打算做什么？
我还打算学习人工智能。
What do you want to be in the future
I want to be an IT engineer.
How do you plan to do that
I’m going to work hard at maths.
Are you going to read more books about IT
Yes, I am.
What else are you going to do
I’m going to learn about Al too.
你未来想成为什么？
我想成为一名信息技术工程师。
你打算怎么做？
我打算努力学习数学。
你打算读更多关于信息技术的书吗？
是的，我打算读。
你还打算做什么？
我还打算学习人工智能。
What do these sentences have in common
They are all about the future. 他们都是表达将来的句式。
What do you want to be in the future
I want to be an IT engineer.
How do you plan to do that
I’m going to work hard at maths.
Are you going to read more books about IT
Yes, I am.
What else are you going to do
I’m going to learn about Al too.
What are the differences between them
want to be/ plan to do
infinitives as objects
动词不定式作宾语
be going to
Future with be going to
be going to 表示将来
动词不定式作宾语
动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，基本结构为“to+动词原形”，否定结构为“not to+动词原形”。动词不定式在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语或状语等。本单元主要讲解动词不定式作宾语的用法。动词不定式作宾语，表明意图、希望或决定的内容。
不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号
常见的接动词不定式作宾语的动词（短语）
need, decide, choose, hope, wish, expect, plan, want, would like, learn 等动词（短语）后接动词不定式作宾语。
We all expect to win the match. 我们都期待赢得这场比赛
I plan to work hard at English. 我打算努力学习英语。
know, show, ask, tell, teach等动词可以接“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语。
He doesn’t know where to go this summer vacation.
Please tell me how to make pancakes (薄饼).
在“find/ feel/ think it + adj./n. + to do sth”结构中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
I find it a big surprise to know the result.
得知这个结果我非常惊讶。
I feel it comfortable to sit here. 坐在这里我感到很舒服。
动词stop, remember, forget, try等后接动词-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语时，意义差别较大。如下表所示：
动词 用法 例句
stop stop to do sth 停下（正在做的事）去做某事 He felt tired, so he stopped to have a rest.
stop doing sth 停止做某事 He stopped laughing.
remember remember to do sth 记得去做某事（事情未做） Please remember to bring me the book.
remember doing sth 记得做过某事（事情已做） I remember bringing you the book.
动词 用法 例句
forget forget to do sth 忘记去做某事（事情未做） Don’t forget to call me back.
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事（事情已做） I forgot calling you back, so I called again.
try try to do sth 设法/尽力去做某事 We should try to save time.
try doing sth 尝试做某事 John tried writing more carefully.
I.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
Would you like _______ (see) a film with us tomorrow
Mr Brown told his son not ________ (touch) the paintings in the museum.
Try singing English songs, and you’ll find it easy _____ _______ (learn) English well.
— Did you forget ________ (turn) off the light when you left the room just now
— No, I remember _______ (do) that, Mum.
to see
to touch
to
learn
to turn
doing
II.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Hi John,
How are things going there We’re all fine. And we can’t wait _________ (see) you again on New Year’s Eve. Dad plans _________ (buy) some food and drinks. And we all want _________ (have) a meal in Mum’s favourite restaurant.
to see
to buy
to have
Now we’re enjoying _______ (have) a few days off. We need _______ (relax) and do some shopping. We also hope _______ (visit) Aunt Anne next week before we go back to work. But it depends on (取决于) whether it will snow or not. It’s quite difficult _______ (get) to her house when there is snow. Usually she asks us _______ (wait) until spring. She says she will come to visit us soon. Oh, let me _______ (know) when you’ll arrive and I will have Dad meet you at the station. He will try _______ (arrive) there earlier. Have a good day and see you on 31st December!
Steve
having
to relax
to visit
to get
to wait
know
to arrive
be going to 表示将来
3a
Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. Then discuss when you use be going to.
How do you plan to do that
I’m going to work hard at maths.
Are you going to read more books about IT
Yes, I am.
What else are you going to do
I’m going to learn about Al too.
“be going to+动词原形”是一般将来时的表达形式之一，表示打算、计划或决定要做的事，也可表示根据当前的情况推测将要发生的动作或安排，常与表示将来的时间状语（tomorrow，next week/ month/ year，soon等）连用，有时也与when，before，after，until 等引导的时间状语从句连用。
I am going to take music lessons. 我打算上音乐课。
Look at the dark clouds! It’s going to rain.
看那些乌云！要下雨了。
用法
Read the sentences again. Then find and answer:
What kind of sentence structures are in these sentences
How do you plan to do that
I’m going to work hard at maths.
Are you going to read more books about IT
Yes, I am.
What else are you going to do
I’m going to learn about Al too.
肯定句
特殊疑问句
一般疑问句
Can you analyze these sentence structures
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语+be going to+动词原形 （+其他）. I’m going to have a party tomorrow.
否定句 （补充） 主语+be not going to+动词原形 （+其他）. I’m not going to have a party tomorrow.
一般疑问句 Be+主语+going to+动词原形（+其他） 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+be not. — Are you going to have a party
tomorrow
— Yes, I am./ No, I’m not.
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词（组）+be（+主语+）going to+动词原形（+其他） When are you going to have a party
句式结构
How do you plan to do that
I’m going to work hard at maths.
Are you going to read more books about IT
Yes, I am.
What else are you going to do
I’m going to learn about Al too.
What should we pay attention to when using the “be going to” structure
使用 be going to结构时要注意的问题
be动词随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。
Eric is going to cook stir-fried eggs and tomatoes.
埃里克打算做西红柿炒鸡蛋。
We’re going to study at a university.
我们打算在大学里学习。
表示客观必然会发生的事情时，不用be going to结构。
Today is Saturday, and tomorrow is Sunday.
今天是星期六，明天是星期日。
be going to后一般不接go，come，leave，arrive等表示位置移动的词，这类动词通常用现在进行时表示将来。
She is leaving for Shanghai. 她将动身前往上海。
Jane is arriving at 6 o’clock.简将于6点钟到达。
含有 be going to 的 there be 句型的句子结构为“There is/ are going to be+主语（+其他）.”。
There is going to be a history class this afternoon.
今天下午将有一堂历史课。
There are going to be two basketball matches next Sunday.
下周日将有两场篮球比赛。
be going to 的用法
be going to接“动原”，计划、准备或打算。
表可能，有必然，通过现象来判断。
be的形式看人称，它要随着主语变。
否定句，很容易，not放在be后面。
疑问句，要牢记，be要提到主语前。
下列词，要注意，come，go，leave和arrive，
进行时，表将来，牢牢记住莫迟疑。
I.按要求完成句子，每空一词（含缩略词）。
1. Alice is packing up clothes for the trip now.
（用 tomorrow 改写句子）
Alice _____ ______ _____ _____ up clothes for the trip tomorrow.
2. Maria is going to climb the mountain this weekend.
（改为否定句）
Maria _____ _____ _____ climb the mountain this weekend.
is going to pack
isn’t going to
3. They are going to pick apples tomorrow afternoon.
（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答）
— ____ they _____ ____ pick apples tomorrow afternoon
— ____, they ______.
4. I’m going to spend my vacation in Shanghai.
（对画线部分提问）
______ ____ you ______ ____ spend your vacation
5. We are going to have a soccer game in our school tomorrow.（改为同义句）
There __ _____ ___ ___a soccer game in our school tomorrow.
Are
going to
No
aren’t
Where are
going to
is going to be
3b
Match the situations with what people are going to do.
1. Alice wants to be an actress.
2. I miss my parents very much.
3. It’s going to rain.
4. They are tired of city life.
5. I’m wet and cold.
6. He can’t drive after drinking.
A. I’m going to take a hot bath.
B. They are going to live in the countryside.
C. She is going to take acting classes.
D. He is going to take a taxi.
E. I’m going to get my umbrella.
F. I’m going to see them this weekend.
1— C 2—F 3—E 4—B 5—A 6—D
Practise
n. 洗澡；浴缸
v. 想念；错过
对……感到厌倦
take/ have a (hot) bath 洗（热水）澡
take/ have acting lessons 上表演课
3c
Complete the conversation using the words in brackets.
A: What ______ you __________ (do) this weekend
B: I have no idea. What about you
A: I don’t know either. ______ you _______ (want) to do
something together
B: Sure. What ____ you ______ (want) to do
A: How about playing badminton on Saturday
are
going to do
Do
want
do
want
have no idea 不知道 相当于don’t know
B: OK. Where _____ we ______________ (meet)
A: Let’s meet at Zhongshan Park.
B: What time _____ we _____________ (meet)
A: What about 9:30
B: Great! This ______________ (be) fun. See you on Saturday.
A: See you then.
are
going to meet
are
going to meet
is going to be
Make your own timetable for the weekend. Then talk to a partner and try to arrange a time to do something together.
3d
Production
A: What are you going to do
on Saturday morning
B: I’m going to ...
Words bank: play sports, do exercises, go to the library, watch a movie, climb mountains …
A: What are you going to do on Saturday morning
B: I’m going to watch a movie. What about you
A: I have no idea. Can I go to the movies with you
B: Of course.
A: Where are we going to meet
B: Let’s meet at Hongxin Library. The cinema is next to it.
A: What time are we going to meet
B: What about 10:00
A: Great! This is going to be fun. See you on Saturday.
B: See you then.
Sample
Homework
Review the grammar points.
Do some related exercises to consolidate (巩固) what we learnt in this lesson.
Try to arrange a time to do something together with your friends on the weekend.

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