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2025--2026年高二人教版选择性必修第一册英语 Unit 3--Unit5 单元基础综合练习试卷【含答案无听力】
一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题）
Best Hikes in Fiordland National Park
Fiordland National Park is a favorite among hikers because of the wildness of the mountain and bay scenery. There are many easy short walks and advanced walks. Check these top walks out for inspiration.Lake Gunn Nature Walk
It is ideal for kids, wheelchair users, or travelers with other mobility issues, but even expert hikers will enjoy an amble (漫步) along this path. The well-kept path passes through a forest full of birds, coming out at a stony beach beside Lake Gunn. This quick walk is a good alternative if you’re short on time but want to see some beautiful Fiordland views.Routeburn Track
In winter it’s covered in snow and ice and should only be attempted by highly experienced mountaineers. However, it’s more manageable in summer. Enjoy views of mountains, waterfalls, tarns (山中小湖) and wildflower meadows. Accommodation is in huts and at campsites.Dusky Track
The trail runs between two lakes, crossing three major valley systems and two mountain ranges. The views over the whole Fiordland landscape are spectacular. It can be very muddy, with tree branches and some river crossings, so be well prepared.
Falls Creek Route
It’s not always a case of longer hikes being most difficult in Fiordland. The Falls Creek Route can be done in a few hours but it is one of the toughest options in Fiordland. The views of Mount Ngatimamoe and Mount Pyramid in winter will be worth it for skilled mountain climbers, though.
1．Which route best suits people with mobility difficulties
A．Lake Gunn Nature Walk. B．Routeburn Track.
C．Dusky Track. D．Falls Creek Route.
2．What kind of hikers will enjoy Dusky Track
A．These who like short walks in a jungle.
B．Those who are prepared to a very tough hike.
C．Those who dislike hiking through the mud.
D．Those who prefer the scenery of mountains and water.
3．What do Routeburn Track and Falls Creek Route have in common
A．The mountains are difficult to climb throughout the year.
B．Only advanced climbers are suitable to climb the mountain in winter.
C．Both routes can be done in a short time.
D．The view of waterfalls can be enjoyed in both routes.
二、阅读单选（4题）（本大题共3小题）
Metropolitan expansion, often hailed as a sign of progress, harbors a meteorological anomaly (异常现象) known as the urban heat island (UHI) effect — wherein cities register temperatures 2–8°C higher than adjacent rural areas. A 2023 study spanning 50 global megacities (特大城市) revealed that this disparity intensifies (加剧) nocturnally, with urban nighttime temperatures averaging 5.2°C warmer, a phenomenon researchers attribute to the thermal inertia of impermeable (不能渗透的) surfaces like asphalt and concrete.
The mechanisms driving UHIs are multifaceted yet interconnected. Solar radiation absorption by dark-colored infrastructure exceeds that of vegetated landscapes by 30–40%, a difference compounded by anthropogenic (人为的) heat sources: air conditioning units, industrial processes, and vehicular emissions collectively contribute 15–20% of urban heat gain. What complicates mitigation is the albedo (反照率) paradox — while light-colored “cool roofs” reflect 60% more sunlight than traditional dark roofs, their widespread adoption might inadvertently reduce snowmelt in nearby regions by altering atmospheric radiation patterns, a 2022 climate model suggests.
Ecological ramifications extend beyond temperature. Urban heat stress disrupts phenological cycles: in Tokyo, cherry blossoms now bloom 7–10 days earlier than in the 1980s, mismatching pollinator (传粉者) activity. Aquatic systems suffer too; warm urban runoff (径流) raises stream temperatures by 3–6°C, reducing dissolved (溶解的) oxygen levels — a critical factor for 72% of freshwater fish species studied in the Thames River basin.
Human health bears the brunt as well. Heat-related hospitalizations in U.S. cities surge (激增) by 2.3% for each 1°C temperature rise above 32°C, with elderly populations at 4.1 times greater risk. Paradoxically (矛盾地) , increased air conditioning use to counteract (抵消) heat elevates energy consumption by 10–15%, creating a feedback loop (循环) where carbon emissions intensifies global warming, further intensifying UHIs.
Proposed solutions reveal unexpected trade-offs. Urban reforestation, while reducing ambient temperatures by 2–3°C through evapotranspiration , can increase pollen (花粉) counts by 25–30%, worsening respiratory conditions. Green infrastructure like rain gardens mitigates (缓解) runoff but may harbor mosquito larvae in stagnant water, potentially elevating vector-borne disease risks in tropical cities.
As climatologist Dr. Amir Patel notes, “Addressing UHIs demands not silver bullets but adaptive mosaic (mosaic) strategies — interventions that balance local cooling with broader ecological stability.” The challenge lies in recognizing that each urban microclimate responds uniquely to interventions, defying one-size-fits-all approaches.
4．Why is the urban-rural temperature difference greater at night
A．City infrastructure holds heat longer than natural areas B．Cities absorb more sunlight during the day
C．More heat is produced by devices at night D．There is less cloud cover over cities at night
5．What complicates the potential benefits of cool roofs according to the albedo paradox
A．Their reflective properties might have unintended effects on nearby environmental processes
B．They require more frequent maintenance than traditional roofs, increasing costs
C．They fail to reduce temperatures as effectively in urban centers as in suburbs
D．Their light color makes them more prone to damage from extreme weather
6．The feedback loop created by increased air conditioning use arises because of which chain of events
A．Lower indoor temperatures lead to less outdoor activity, reducing urban cooling
B．Higher energy demand from AC units results in factors that worsen the heat island effect
C．Uneven cooling in buildings causes air pressure differences that trap heat
D．Overuse of AC systems leads to mechanical failures that release excess heat
7．Why do experts caution against universal approaches to mitigating urban heat islands
A．Rural communities often resist measures that might alter regional temperature patterns
B．The success of any strategy depends on unique interactions within each city’s environment
C．Most proposed solutions have been proven ineffective in long-term studies
D．Funding for large-scale projects is unavailable in most urban areas
Tourist industry has advantages and disadvantages. While it makes money for the local economy and creates jobs for locals, it also causes problems.
One growing problem is tourists who want to show that they have visited a destination. Tourists have used paint, rocks, or keys to write on the Luxor Temple in Egypt, the Colosseum in Rome, Stonehenge in the UK, and many other places. Thousands of tourist sites are being destroyed by tourists. I have three words for people like this: please stop it. If you want to leave a mark, do it by changing someone’s life with kindness and love. Pass kindness along to future generations, not destruction.
Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing(打扰) the local people and life. Some tourists wander around and take pictures of locals without asking for their permission. For example, Chiang Mai University in Thailand and Yonsei University in South Korea have great numbers of tourists visiting their campuses and walking through their libraries and other public areas, taking pictures of students, and disturbing their studies. Another example is Sanlitun, a neighbourhood in Beijing, China. Some tourists love to party there late into the night, making it difficult for locals to sleep. I have three words for tourists like this: please be considerate(体谅的). Have fun in a way that does not disturb others.
The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws… The only solution is to make sure that you are not a terrible tourist! Be the best, kindest, most polite tourist! Remember, whenever you step outside your country’s borders, you are standing for your country to the rest of the world.
8．How does the author support his idea in paragraph 2
A．By providing examples. B．By making comparisons.
C．By following the order of time. D．By following the order of importance.
9．What can be known from paragraph 3
A．Locals should be more polite to tourists.
B．Tourists have no idea of their bad behaviors.
C．Some tourists’ improper behaviors disturb locals.
D．Universities are the main places troubled by tourists.
10．According to the passage, who is a responsible tourist
A．Lucy, who likes to walk in large groups, chatting and laughing loudly.
B．Tom, who always writes his name on the walls of the ancient temples.
C．Mike, who follows local traffic rules and is always polite to the local people.
D．Lily, who often takes photos of the local people without asking for permission.
11．What is the purpose of the last paragraph
A．To praise considerate tourists. B．To suggest a way to solve the problem.
C．To call on readers to love their countries. D．To introduce the importance of traveling.
Astronomers have uncovered the feeding schedule of a supermassive black hole, revealing that it consumes material about every three and a half years. The discovery provides key information about mysterious cosmic (宇宙的) forces, deepening scientists’ understanding of how the universe is formed.
Astronomers first noticed the black hole’s activity when the galaxy it resides in experienced a significant increase in brightness in 2018. They identified this as a tidal (潮汐的) disruption (扰乱) event, which occurs when a star is torn apart by the intense gravitational (引力的) forces of a black hole. As the star was pulled apart, its material heated up, producing X-ray and ultraviolet light that was observed by the telescopes. This emission eventually faded, suggesting that the black hole had consumed the matter.
However, about two years later, the X-ray and UV light from the galaxy broke up again. This unexpected resurgence (复苏) suggested that the star had only been partially consumed during its first encounter, with more material being taken away as it approached the black hole again.
The astronomers learned that the star had moved into a highly extended orbit around the black hole after the first encounter. When it eventually approached again, the galaxy lit up with X-ray and UV light as more of the star’s material was consumed. This discovery allowed the scientists to calculate the star’s orbital period, helping them learn that the black hole consumes material approximately every three and a half years.
On these grounds, the team predicts that the black hole’s next encounter with the star will begin between May and August 2025, although it is expected to be smaller, as most of the star has already been destroyed.
12．What is the significance of the discovery of the feeding schedule of a black hole
A．It led to scientists’ discovery of a supermassive black hole.
B．It made the formation of the black hole known to scientists.
C．It changed scientists’ views about the threat from black holes.
D．It broadened scientists’ knowledge of the power of the universe.
13．What made the black hole’s activity discovered
A．The powerful gravitational pull of a black hole. B．The X-ray and UV light released by the star.
C．A sudden decrease in the galaxy’s brightness. D．A sharp rise in radio signals from the galaxy.
14．What does the author imply in paragraph 3
A．The star had the ability to recover. B．The black hole had unstable forces.
C．The star partly survived the black hole. D．The star shone before being pulled apart.
15．Which of the following statements is true according to the team’s prediction
A．The black hole’s feeding schedule will be changed.
B．The next encounter will take place outside the orbit.
C．The next encounter will be tinier than the previous one.
D．The star will be completely consumed by the black hole.
三、七选五阅读（本大题共1小题）
We all know that first impressions are important and that they are lasting. That’s why we work hard to make great first impressions. 16
First impressions might overshadow your abilities. When you are hired in an organization, a set of inferences are made about you. Making inferences is human nature. If you become known for your attention to details, you may never be seen as someone who can see the big picture. If you are the person who organizes all of the birthday celebrations, you may never be seen as management material. 17
First impressions can stamp you forever, often pre-determining the path of your career and how far you will be able to advance your career. These perceptions paint a picture of who people think you are. 18 This, in large part, is why your careers are held back, why you become frustrated, dissatisfied and even want to leave the present position.
But it doesn’t have to come to that if you can unlock hidden aspects of your value. Talk about what you are reading or a project you are working on at home with coworkers and your manager when appropriate. This can demonstrate other skills you possess. Embrace (接受) new things and become knowledgeable about your company and industry. 19 Volunteer in your company. It is a good way to give yourself the opportunity for others to see you in a way that is outside of your defined role.
20 As people get to know you better, they will recognize your diverse interests and capabilities, potentially opening new doors for career advancement.
A．Here are some useful suggestions for you.
B．Arm yourself with as much knowledge as possible.
C．Thus, you can contribute in fresh and unexpected ways.
D．It is often extremely difficult for people to change them.
E．Whatever labels, they prevent people seeing your other capacities.
F．Nevertheless, the same first impressions can block our career progress.
G．By expanding your knowledge and network, you can reshape others’ perceptions.
四、完形（15空）（本大题共1小题）
In this digital age, it may sound hard to believe, but Yang Hao, a 32-year-old doctoral student studying in the United Kingdom, started on a solo trip the old-fashioned way last year, navigating with a printed map, 21 everything with cash or a bank card, checking train timetables, and chatting with strangers.
Over the course of 134 days, he visited 68 counties and cities in 24 provinces and regions across China, read 40 books, met wonderful people, 22 his experiences, and used two cameras to 23 countless unforgettable moments. “I realized that those 134 days were the most fulfilling, focused and 24 period of my life when I was completely absorbed in what I was doing,” says Yang.
Since his story was 25 online, it has gone viral, sparking widespread discussion and reflection on the modern 26 on technology. 27 , even as it 28 questions about how technology is involved in our daily life, the internet has provided a(n) 29 for making Yang’s trip known to more people.
His journey was 30 by a screen time notification (通知) from his iPhone 31 him that he was spending almost seven hours a day on his phone 32 each week. Shocked, he wondered whether this kind of dependence was truly what he desired. The idea of leaving his phone and computer at home to 33 the uncertainties of a digital-free life began to fascinate him.
In the end, Yang returned to Taiyuan on April 9. When he first saw his phone and computer, which had been lying 34 for over four months, he was reluctant to switch them on, because he had become used to a quiet, 35 life without the internet, which calls for a reflection on the eternal connectivity of the modern world.
21．A．paying for B．applying for C．depending on D．insisting on
22．A．evaluated B．analysed C．encountered D．documented
23．A．record B．draft C．store D．reflect
24．A．distant B．relevant C．productive D．boring
25．A．cited B．posted C．advocated D．approved
26．A．theory B．consequence C．warning D．dependence
27．A．Gradually B．Apparently C．Dramatically D．Initially
28．A．poses B．predicts C．resolves D．handles
29．A．alternative B．medium C．barrier D．tendency
30．A．inspired B．clarified C．detected D．combined
31．A．acknowledging B．informing C．defending D．recalling
32．A．on end B．in turn C．under control D．on average
33．A．link B．transform C．face D．expose
34．A．steady B．visible C．available D．unused
35．A．complex B．peaceful C．ambitious D．reliable
五、语篇（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the digital age, many young people tend to share marriage announcements on social media platforms like Sina Weibo. Yet a new trend has reemerged — publishing marriage announcements in traditional newspapers. 36 quick search on the topic “publishing marriage announcements in newspapers” will bring up 37 (variety) posts, along with those who have done so sharing their experiences.
38 short-lived digital posts, newspaper announcements provide a sense of permanence, offering a meaningful way 39 (keep) memories during a time when digital content can’t last. Some young people view publishing marriage announcements in newspapers as more formal than 40 in social media, and they describe it as a 41 (commit) written in black ink and on white paper — a declaration of the couple’s promise to grow old together.
However, this practice is not a new phenomenon in China. In the first half of the twentieth century, when marriage laws were still underdeveloped, such announcements 42 (carry) legal significance. They allowed couples to 43 (public) share their joyous news with their family and friends.
The regained popularity serves as an example of 44 tradition can better adapt to modern times. By combining cultural heritage with personal creativity, it offers meaningful rituals (仪式) in today’s digital world. These announcements, as symbols of love and individuality, remind us that some traditions are worth 45 (preserve).
六、应用文写作（本大题共1小题）
46．假设你是李华，在美国的某中学作交流生。你的同学对中国宴请赴约的习俗很感兴趣，特请你用英语写一篇发言稿，介绍中国的宴请习俗。内容包括：
1.宴请场所；
2.就餐习俗；
3.饮酒习俗；
4.宴会结束。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、读后续写（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Anybody have a bandage ” a voice echoed down the dorm hallway It was our first week at college. The voice made us feel a bit helpless.
Several months before, I sat at my high school graduation party admiring my gifts. The usual and beloved inspirational books were scattered around my feet. A small pile of personal checks lay nearby Laundry items, desk supplies—all well-intervention and well-received. They would demonstrate their givers’ thoughtfulness during my college career. But one gift struck me as strange. I frowned when I opened it. A small packet of pills and medicine lay within the wrappings. Who would give that as a gift
“You’ll need that gift from your friend once you’re at school,” Mom pointed out. “You won’t have to go to the campus nurse for every cough.”
Not long after, in August, I packed my luggage into a borrowed truck and slipped the bag of medicine in. I barely thought about it once I reached campus, caught in the hurry of unpacking, book-buying, scheduling and meeting new friends.
When “anybody have a bandage ” rang out in the dormitory hall that day, I remembered my little medicinal package. I swallowed self-consciously. “Actually,” I gave a little wave, “I have one. ”As I dug out the kit and helped my new roommate, we began to chat.
Soon, many of the girls in the other rooms of my floor heard of my little kit and paid me a visit. One had bug bites—anti-itch cream popped out of my supply. The girl with the headache nearly kissed my hands when I passed her simple painkillers. As cold season approached, many needed cough drops. Each girl stayed to chat for a few moments.
The little gift I had questioned now led me toward new friendships, and earned me the nickname“the bandage girl”. As it broke fevers, it also broke the ice, allowing me to meet and make friends with many girls living on the same storey. Gradually, the others purchased their own supplies and my magic kit rarely left the closet.
注意：
1、 续写词数应为150左右；
2、 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then one day, the school newspaper reporter came to my dormitory. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
One day after my graduation, I received an invitation from a young friend admitted to college. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
参考答案
一、阅读单选（3题）
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了峡湾国家公园（Fiordland National Park）的四条顶级徒步路线。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据Lake Gunn Nature Walk部分“It is ideal for kids, wheelchair users, or travelers with other mobility issues, but even expert hikers will enjoy an amble (漫步) along this path.(这条路线非常适合儿童、轮椅使用者或有其他行动障碍的旅行者，不过即使是经验丰富的徒步旅行者也会享受在这条小径上的悠闲漫步。)”可知，Lake Gunn Nature Walk最适合行动不便的人。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Dusky Track部分“The trail runs between two lakes, crossing three major valley systems and two mountain ranges. The views over the whole Fiordland landscape are spectacular.(这条步道蜿蜒于两个湖泊之间，横跨三个主要山谷系统和两条山脉。从这条步道上可以俯瞰整个峡湾的壮丽景色。)”可知，那些喜欢山水风光的人会喜欢Dusky Track。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据Routeburn Track部分“In winter it’s covered in snow and ice and should only be attempted by highly experienced mountaineers.(冬季时，这条步道被冰雪覆盖，只有经验丰富的高山登山者才应尝试。)”和Falls Creek Route部分“The Falls Creek Route can be done in a few hours but it is one of the toughest options in Fiordland. The views of Mount Ngatimamoe and Mount Pyramid in winter will be worth it for skilled mountain climbers, though.(The Falls Creek Route虽然只需几个小时就能完成，但却是峡湾地区最艰难的徒步路线之一。不过，对于技艺娴熟的登山者来说，冬季时欣赏到Mount Ngatimamoe和Mount Pyramid的美景，定会觉得不虚此行。)”可知，Routeburn Track和Falls Creek Route的共同点是只有熟练的登山者才适合在冬天登山。故选B。
二、阅读单选（4题）
【答案】4．A 5．A 6．B 7．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍城市热岛效应的成因、影响及应对措施中的权衡问题。
【详解】4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A 2023 study spanning 50 global megacities revealed that this disparity intensifies nocturnally, with urban nighttime temperatures averaging 5.2°C warmer, a phenomenon researchers attribute to the thermal inertia of impermeable surfaces like asphalt and concrete.(2023年一项涵盖全球50个特大城市的研究显示，这种差异在夜间加剧，城市夜间温度平均高出5.2°C，研究人员将这一现象归因于沥青和混凝土等不透水表面的热惯性。)”可知，城市与农村的温差在夜间更大是因为城市基础设施比自然区域保留热量的时间更长。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What complicates mitigation is the albedo paradox — while light-colored “cool roofs” reflect 60% more sunlight than traditional dark roofs, their widespread adoption might inadvertently reduce snowmelt in nearby regions by altering atmospheric radiation patterns, a 2022 climate model suggests.(2022年的一个气候模型显示，使缓解工作复杂化的是反照率悖论——虽然浅色的“凉爽屋顶”比传统的深色屋顶多反射60%的阳光，但它们的广泛采用可能会通过改变大气辐射模式，无意中减少附近地区的融雪量。)”可知，根据反照率悖论，凉爽屋顶的潜在好处变得复杂是因为它们的反射特性可能对附近的环境过程产生意想不到的影响。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Paradoxically, increased air conditioning use to counteract heat elevates energy consumption by 10–15%, creating a feedback loop where carbon emissions intensify global warming, further intensifying UHIs.(矛盾的是，为了抵消热量而增加空调使用量使能源消耗增加了10–15%，形成了一个反馈循环：碳排放加剧全球变暖，进一步加剧城市热岛效应。)”可知，空调使用增加所产生的反馈循环是由于空调机组的高能源需求导致了加剧热岛效应的因素。故选B项。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As climatologist Dr. Amir Patel notes, “Addressing UHIs demands not silver bullets but adaptive mosaic strategies — interventions that balance local cooling with broader ecological stability.” The challenge lies in recognizing that each urban microclimate responds uniquely to interventions, defying one-size-fits-all approaches.(正如气候学家阿米尔·帕特尔博士所指出的：“解决城市热岛效应不需要万能药，而需要适应性的 mosaic 策略——平衡局部冷却与更广泛生态稳定的干预措施。”挑战在于认识到每个城市的微气候对干预措施的反应都是独特的，不适合一刀切的方法。)”可知，专家告诫不要采用通用方法缓解城市热岛效应是因为任何策略的成功都取决于每个城市环境内的独特相互作用。故选B项。
【答案】
8．A
9．C
10．C
11．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍旅游业在带来巨大好处的同时，也带来了严重的问题，作者最后呼吁大家要做一个好游客。
【详解】
8．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Tourists have used paint, rocks, or keys to write on the Luxor Temple in Egypt, the Colosseum in Rome, Stonehenge in the UK, and many other places.(游客们用油漆、石头或钥匙在埃及的卢克索神庙、罗马的罗马斗兽场、英国的巨石阵和许多其他地方写字。)”可知，作者主要是通过举例的方式来说明观点的。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing(打扰) the local people and life.(在一些地方的另一个大问题是游客扰乱了当地的人民和生活。)”可知，一些游客的行为打扰了当地人和他们的生活。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Another big problem in some places has been tourists disturbing(打扰) the local people and life. Some tourists wander around and take pictures of locals without asking for their permission.(在一些地方的另一个大问题是游客扰乱了当地的人民和生活。一些游客在没有征得当地人同意的情况下四处游荡并拍摄当地人的照片)”以及最后一段中“The number of problems from tourists is endless: walking in large groups without considering others, crossing roads without thinking of local traffic laws… The only solution is to make sure that you are not a terrible tourist!(来自游客的问题数不胜数：一大群人走路不考虑别人，过马路不考虑当地交通法规……唯一的解决办法就是确保你不是一个糟糕的游客！)”可知，C选项“迈克，他遵守当地的交通规则，对当地人总是很有礼貌” 是负责任的游客。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The only solution is to make sure that you are not a terrible tourist!(唯一的解决办法就是确保你不是一个糟糕的游客！)”可知，最后一段的目的是提出解决问题的方法。故选B。
【答案】12．D 13．B 14．C 15．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了天文学家发现超大质量黑洞约每三年半吞噬一次物质，通过观测恒星被撕裂释放的射线等，揭示其进食周期，助于理解宇宙形成。
【详解】12．细节理解题。根据第一段“The discovery provides key information about mysterious cosmic (宇宙的) forces, deepening scientists’ understanding of how the universe is formed. (这一发现为有关神秘宇宙力量的诸多问题提供了关键信息，进一步加深了科学家们对于宇宙形成机制的理解。)”可知，黑洞进食时间表的发现拓展了科学家对宇宙力量的认识。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“As the star was pulled apart, its material heated up, producing X-ray and ultraviolet light that was observed by the telescopes. (当这颗恒星被撕裂时，其物质温度升高，产生了X射线和紫外线光，这些光被望远镜观测到了。)”可知，该恒星释放出的X射线和紫外线使得黑洞的活动得以被发现。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“However, about two years later, the X-ray and UV light from the galaxy broke up again. This unexpected resurgence (复苏) suggested that the star had only been partially consumed during its first encounter, with more material being taken away as it approached the black hole again. (然而，大约两年后，来自星系的X射线和紫外线再次分解。这种出乎意料的再度复苏表明，在它首次与黑洞相遇时，该恒星只是被部分吞噬了，而在再次靠近黑洞的过程中，又有更多的物质被吸走了。)”可知，这颗恒星在一定程度上逃过了黑洞的吞噬。故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段“On these grounds, the team predicts that the black hole’s next encounter with the star will begin between May and August 2025, although it is expected to be smaller, as most of the star has already been destroyed. (基于这些情况，研究团队预测，黑洞与这颗恒星的下一次相遇将在2025年5月至8月之间发生，不过预计这次相遇的规模会较小，因为大部分恒星已经遭到破坏。)”可知，C选项“下一次的相遇规模将会小于之前的那次。”正确。故选C。
三、七选五阅读
【答案】16．F 17．E 18．D 19．C 20．G
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了第一印象对职业生涯的影响，以及如何通过展示多样化的能力和兴趣来改变他人对自己的看法，从而推动职业发展。
【解析】16．上文“We all know that first impressions are important and that they are lasting. That's why we work hard to make great first impressions.(我们都知道第一印象很重要且持久。这就是为什么我们努力留下好的第一印象)” 说明第一印象的重要性以及人们为留下好印象所做的努力。空处和前文构成转折关系，引出下文关于第一印象不利影响的论述。所以F项“然而，同样的第一印象可能会阻碍我们的职业发展”符合语境。故选F。
17．上文“If you become known for your attention to details, you may never be seen as someone who can see the big picture. If you are the person who organizes all of the birthday celebrations, you may never be seen as management material.(如果你因注重细节而闻名，你可能永远不会被视为能看到大局的人。如果你是组织所有生日庆祝活动的人，你可能永远不会被视为管理人才)”通过举例说明第一印象给人带来的固定看法。空处总结上文，说明这些看法带来的负面影响。所以E项“无论是什么标签，它们都阻碍人们看到你的其他能力”符合语境。故选E。
18．上文“First impressions can stamp you forever, often pre-determining the path of your career and how far you will be able to advance your career. These perceptions paint a picture of who people think you are.(第一印象会永远烙印在你身上，常常预先决定了你职业发展的道路以及你能在职业生涯中走多远。这些看法描绘出了人们认为你是什么样的人)”说明第一印象对职业发展的影响以及形成的看法。空处承接上文，进一步说明改变这些看法的难度。所以D项“人们要改变它们往往极其困难”符合语境，该项中的them指代前文中的“These perceptions”。故选D。
19．上文“Embrace (接受) new things and become knowledgeable about your company and industry.(接受新事物，了解你的公司和行业)”以及下文“Volunteer in your company. It is a good way to give yourself the opportunity for others to see you in a way that is outside of your defined role.(在公司做志愿者。这是一个很好的方式，能让你有机会以超越既定角色的方式展现自己，让他人看到不一样的你)”强调要不断学习新知识。空处说明这样做的好处，并引出下文中的内容。所以C项“这样，你就可以以新鲜且意想不到的方式做出贡献” 符合语境。故选C。
20．下文“As people get to know you better, they will recognize your diverse interests and capabilities, potentially opening new doors for career advancement.(随着人们对你有了更好的了解，他们会认识到你多样的兴趣和能力，有可能为职业发展打开新的大门)”说明人们对自己有更好了解后带来的积极影响。空处引出下文，提出改变他人看法的建议。所以G 项“通过扩展你的知识和人脉，你可以重塑他人的看法” 符合语境,适合统领全段。故选G。
四、完形（15空）
【答案】
21． A
22． D
23． A
24． C
25． B
26． D
27． C
28． A
29． B
30．A
31．B
32．D
33．C
34．D
35．B
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了32岁在英国求学的博士生杨浩以传统方式开启独自中国之旅，此故事在网上传播后引发对科技依赖的讨论，而他的旅行源于手机使用时间通知的启发。
【详解】
21． 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这个数字时代，这听起来可能难以置信，去年，32岁的英国博士生杨浩以传统方式开启了独自旅行，用纸质地图导航，用现金或银行卡支付一切费用，查看火车时刻表，还和陌生人聊天。A. paying for支付；B. applying for申请；C. depending on依靠；D. insisting on坚持。后文“with cash or a bank card”明确提到使用现金或银行卡，这是支付的方式，所以这里是用其来支付一切费用。故选A项。
22． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在134天里，他走访了中国24个省市的68个县和城市，读了40本书，遇到了很棒的人，记录了他的经历，还用两台相机记录了无数难忘的瞬间。A. evaluated评估；B. analysed分析；C. encountered遇到；D. documented记录。前文描述了他旅行中的种种经历，结合后文“used two cameras to 21 unforgettable moments”可知，相机是用于记录的，所以这里对于经历也是进行记录。故选D项。
23． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在134天里，他走访了中国24个省市的68个县和城市，读了40本书，遇到了很棒的人，记录了他的经历，还用两台相机记录了无数难忘的瞬间。A. record记录；B. draft起草；C. store储存；D. reflect反映。根据前文“used two cameras”可知，相机的常见功能就是记录，所以这里是用相机记录难忘瞬间。故选A项。
24． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杨说：“我意识到，那134天是我一生中最充实、最专注、最有成效的时期，我完全沉浸在自己所做的事情中。”A. distant遥远的；B. relevant相关的；C. productive有成效的；D. boring无聊的。根据前文“he visited 68 counties and cities in 24 provinces and regions across China, read 40 books, met wonderful people...”可知，他在旅行中有诸多收获，说明这134天是有成效的。故选C项。
25． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从他的故事在网上发布后，就迅速传播开来，引发了人们对现代社会依赖科技的广泛讨论和反思。A. cited引用；B. posted发布；C. advocated提倡；D. approved批准。根据后文“online, it has gone viral”可推知，故事能迅速传播，前提是在网上发布。故选B项。
26． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从他的故事在网上发布后，就迅速传播开来，引发了人们对现代社会依赖科技的广泛讨论和反思。A. theory理论；B. consequence后果；C. warning警告；D. dependence依赖。后文“Shocked, he wondered whether this kind of dependence was truly what he desired.”明确提到了“dependence”，说明这里讨论的是对科技的依赖。故选D项。
27． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：戏剧性的是，尽管它引发了关于科技如何融入我们日常生活的问题，但互联网也提供了一个媒介，让更多人了解杨的旅行。A. Gradually逐渐地；B. Apparently显然；C. Dramatically戏剧性地；D. Initially最初。根据后文“the internet has provided a(n) 22 for making Yang’s trip known to more people”可知，这是之前没有想到的情况，用副词dramatically作状语，意为“戏剧性地”。故选C项。
28． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：戏剧性的是，尽管它引发了关于科技如何融入我们日常生活的问题，但互联网也提供了一个媒介，让更多人了解杨的旅行。A. poses引起；B. predicts预测；C. resolves解决；D. handles处理。根据后文“questions about how technology is involved in our daily life”可知，这里是说引发了关于科技的问题。故选A项。
29． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：戏剧性的是，尽管它引发了关于科技如何融入我们日常生活的问题，但互联网也提供了一个媒介，让更多人了解杨的旅行。A. alternative选择；B. medium媒介；C. barrier障碍；D. tendency趋势。根据前文“Since his story was 23 online”和后文“making Yang’s trip known to more people”可知，互联网是让更多人了解旅行的平台，起到了媒介作用。故选B项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的旅程是受到了他苹果手机上的屏幕使用时间通知的启发，通知提醒他每周平均每天花近七个小时在手机上。A. inspired启发；B. clarified澄清；C. detected检测；D. combined结合。根据后文“Shocked, he wondered whether this kind of dependence was truly what he desired. The idea of leaving his phone and computer at home...”可知，因为太多的屏幕使用时间通知让他有了思考和新的想法，所以是受到了启发。故选A项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的旅程是受到了他苹果手机上的屏幕使用时间通知的启发，通知提醒他每周平均每天花近七个小时在手机上。A. acknowledging承认；B. informing通知；C. defending保卫；D. recalling回忆。根据前文“a screen time notification”可知，通知的作用就是告知信息，所以这里是通知他使用手机的时长。故选B项。
32．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他的旅程是受到了他苹果手机上的屏幕使用时间通知的启发，通知提醒他每周平均每天花近七个小时在手机上。A. on end连续地；B. in turn轮流；C. under control在控制之下；D. on average平均。根据前文描述“he was spending almost seven hours a day on his phone”，这里是说平均每天的使用时长。故选D项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：把手机和电脑留在家里，去面对没有数字设备生活的不确定性，这个想法开始吸引他。A. link连接；B. transform转变；C. face面对；D. expose暴露。根据前文“The idea of leaving his phone and computer at home”可推知，离开已经习惯的手机和电脑后，就要去面对没有数字设备生活的不确定性。故选C项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他第一次看到已经闲置了四个多月的手机和电脑时，他不愿意打开它们，因为他已经习惯了没有网络的安静、平静的生活，这让人们反思现代世界的永恒连接性。A. steady稳定的；B. visible可见的；C. available可获得的；D. unused闲置的。根据前文“but Yang Hao, a 32-year-old doctoral student studying in the United Kingdom, started on a solo trip the old-fashioned way last year, navigating with a printed map, 24 everything with cash or a bank card, checking train timetables, and chatting with strangers.”以及“leaving his phone and computer at home”可知，他旅行时没使用手机和电脑，所以它们是闲置的。故选D项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他第一次看到已经闲置了四个多月的手机和电脑时，他不愿意打开它们，因为他已经习惯了没有网络的安静、平静的生活，这让人们反思现代世界的永恒连接性。A. complex复杂的；B. peaceful平静的；C. ambitious有野心的；D. reliable可靠的。结合后文“without the internet”可推知，没有网络干扰的世界是安静和平静的。故选B项。
【易混辨析】“花费”句式
核心动词 句式结构 例句 易混辨析关键点
spend sb. spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth. sb. spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth. She spent 2 hours on her homework. He spent 50 yuan (in) buying a dictionary. 主语必须是人 后接时间或金钱，介词on+ 名词，(in)+ 动名词（in 可省略）
cost sth. cost (sb.) + 金钱 The new phone cost me 3,000 yuan. 主语必须是物 直接接金钱或抽象代价，不能用于被动语态 过去式 / 过去分词同形（cost-cost）
take It takes sb. + 时间/金钱 + to do sth. It took me 10 minutes to solve the problem. 常用 it 作形式主语
pay sb. pay + 金钱 + for sth. sb. pay for sth. I paid 20 yuan for the book. Who will pay for the damage 主语必须是人 与介词for搭配，强调 “为某物付款” 过去式 / 过去分词：paid-paid
五、语篇
【答案】
36．A 37．various 38．Unlike 39．to keep 40．that 41．commitment 42．carried 43．publicly 44．how 45．preserving
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在数字时代，许多年轻人选择在传统报纸上发布结婚公告的现象，并探讨了这一传统的现代意义。
【解析】36．考查冠词。句意：在“报纸上刊登结婚启事”这个话题上快速搜索，会显示出各种帖子，以及那些已经这样做的人分享的经验。泛指“一次快速搜索”，且quick首字母的发音为辅音音素，冠词为a，首字母大写。故填A。
37．考查形容词。句意：在“报纸上刊登结婚启事”这个话题上快速搜索，会显示出各种帖子，以及那些已经这样做的人分享的经验。形容词various作定语修饰名词。故填various。
38．考查介词。句意：与短暂的数字帖子不同，报纸公告提供了一种永久感，报纸了一种有意义的方式来保存记忆。表示 “不同”用介词unlike，首字母大写。故填Unlike。
39．考查不定式。句意：与短暂的数字帖子不同，报纸公告提供了一种永久感，报纸了一种有意义的方式来保存记忆。way to do sth做某事的方法。不定式作后置定语。故填to keep
40．考查代词。句意：一些年轻人认为在报纸上发布结婚公告比在社交媒体上更正式，他们将其描述为一种用黑墨水和白纸写下的承诺。分析句子结构，设空处需要一个代词来代替“publishing marriage announcements”，以避免重复，用that。故填that。
41．考查名词。句意：一些年轻人认为在报纸上发布结婚公告比在社交媒体上更正式，他们将其描述为一种用黑墨水和白纸写下的承诺。名词commitment作宾语，a提示，用单数形式。故填commitment。
42．考查时态。句意：在二十世纪上半叶，当婚姻法还不完善时，这样的公告具有法律意义。根据上文“In the first half of the twentieth century”可知，设空处需要一个过去时态来表示过去的动作。故填carried。
43．考查副词。句意：它们允许夫妇公开与家人和朋友分享他们的喜讯。副词publicly作状语修饰动词。故填publicly。
44．考查连接词。句意：重新流行的做法是传统如何更好地适应现代的一个例子。of后接宾语从句，表示“如何”，用连接词how。故填how。
45．考查动名词。句意：这些公告作为爱和个性的象征，提醒我们一些传统值得保留。be worth doing sth值得做某事。故填preserving。
六、应用文写作
46．【答案】
Ladies and gentlemen,
I feel greatly honored to be here to tell you something about Chinese banquet customs. Firstly, banquets are usually held in private rooms in restaurants. Guests will meet at the door and be led to the banquet room where they will be guided to their places. Occasions are rare when guests sit where they please. Secondly, while at banquets, guests don’t begin to eat until the host raises his chopsticks. And it’s rude to stop eating in the middle of a banquet. Banquets always begin with a toast, with the host expressing his welcome. Finally, the host will say good-bye to everyone at the door and stay longer to pay the bill.
Thank you for listening.
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇发言稿，向外国学生介绍中国的宴请习俗。内容包括：1.宴请场所；2.就餐习俗；3.饮酒习俗；4.宴会结束。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
荣幸的：honored→privileged
带领：guide→lead
开始：begin → start
最后：Finally→ ultimately
2.句式拓展
陈述句变强调句
原句：Secondly, while at banquets, guests don’t begin to eat until the host raises his chopsticks.
拓展句：Secondly, while at banquets, it is not until the host raises his chopsticks that guests begin to eat.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Guests will meet at the door and be led to the banquet room where they will be guided to their places.（运用了where引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Occasions are rare when guests sit where they please.（运用了when引导的限制性定语从句以及where引导的状语从句）
七、读后续写
47．【答案】
Then one day, the school newspaper reporter came to my dormitory. First she introduced herself and explained to me that she was coming to cover my story and my little kit for the newspaper. Hearing her words, I began talking about how the kit came about, and how it helped me during my first days in college. Memories flashed back through my mind as I recounted my experiences. It was at that moment that I sensed the kit had helped me emotionally and academically. Silently listening to my story, she kept nodding and smiling. Before she left, she mentioned that she would recommend my magic kit to all the students.
One day after my graduation, I received an invitation from a young friend admitted to college. “Come celebrate with me!” read the cheerful type. Memories of my own experience rushed back to me, and I smiled at the opportunity presenting itself. I drove to the chemist’s, and as I stuffed medicine into a small kit for her, I began to think about how I could convince her of the necessity of such a medicine kit. Hopefully, she wouldn’t frown at my special and a bit strange gift to her, and I felt an urge to tell her my story.
【分析】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在大学的第一周，通过高中毕业时收到一份特别的礼物——一个急救包，开始自己的和同学们建立友谊的故事。
【详解】
1、段落续写：
①由续写第一段首句“然后有一天，校报记者来到我的宿舍。”可知，续写第一段主要内容：校报记者作者的急救包，并向全校同学推荐这套魔法装备。
②由第二段首句“毕业后的一天，我收到了一位考上大学的年轻朋友的邀请。”可知，续写第二段主要内容：作者接受大学同学邀请并为她准备了一个急救包作礼物。
2、续写线索：记者采访作者——作者讲准备急救包的经历——记者向其他学生推广此做法——收到考上大学的年轻朋友的邀请——准备了一个急救包作礼物
3、词汇激活
行为类
①报道：cover/report
②帮助：help /do sb a favor/assist
③说服：convince/persuade
情绪类
①高兴的： cheerful/delightful/happy
②有希望地：hopefully/with hope
【点睛】[高分句型1]First she introduced herself and explained to me that she was coming to cover my story and my little kit for the newspaper. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]It was at that moment that I sensed the kit had helped me emotionally and academically. （运用了强调句强调时间状语）
[高分句型3]Silently listening to my story, she kept nodding and smiling. （运用现在分词作状语和动名词作宾语）
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