资源简介

/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025年沪教版（2024）新八年级英语上册精讲精练
Unit 4 Inventions
核心语法：be made+介词的用法
一、核心概念：
所有这些结构都源于被动语态 be made（被制造），但后面跟的介词不同，含义就有巨大差别。关键在于理解每个介词所表达的不同关系。
二、详解讲解
1. be made of （由……制成）
用法： 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么，即发生了物理变化。
中文意思： “由……制成”（看得出原料）
记忆口诀： “形变料不变” (形状改变，材料本身没变)
例句：
This desk is made of wood. 这张书桌是木头做的。（我们还能看出它是木头）
The bridge is made of steel. 这座桥是钢材造的。
My ring is made of silver. 我的戒指是银制的。
2. be made from （由……制成）
用法： 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外观或特征，即发生了化学变化。
中文意思： “由……制成”（看不出原料）
记忆口诀： “脱胎又换骨” (完全变成了另一样东西)
例句：
Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木头造的。（看不出木头的样子）
This kind of wine is made from grapes. 这种酒是由葡萄酿造的。
Glass is made from sand. 玻璃是由沙子制成的。
of 和 from 的快速区分技巧：
问自己：做成这个东西后，我还能看出它原来的材料吗？
能看出 → 用 of (a wooden desk)
看不出 → 用 from (paper, wine, glass)
3. be made in （在……制造）
用法： 表示产品的生产地或产地，后面接地点。
中文意思： “在……制造/生产”
例句：
This camera is made in Japan. 这个相机是日本制造的。
Many toys are made in China. 很多玩具是中国生产的。
The car was made in Germany in 2020. 这辆车是2020年在德国制造的。
4. be made by （由……制造）
用法： 表示产品的制造者，后面接人或方法。
中文意思： “由……（人）制造” 或 “通过……方式制造”
例句：
This cake was made by my mother. 这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
The model plane was made by Tom. 这个飞机模型是汤姆做的。
This dish is made by hand, not by machine. 这道菜是手工制作的，不是机器做的。
5. be made into （被制成……）
用法： 表示原材料被加工成某种成品。注意：这个句型的主语是原材料，而介词 into 的宾语是成品。它和 be made of/from 的“主语和宾语”关系正好相反。
中文意思： “被制成……”
例句：
Wood can be made into paper and desks. 木头可以被制成纸和书桌。
Glass can be made into bottles. 玻璃可以被制成瓶子。
Grapes can be made into wine. 葡萄可以被酿成酒。
对比记忆：
Paper is made from wood. (纸是木头做的。)
→ 主语是成品
Wood can be made into paper. (木头可以被做成纸。)
→ 主语是原材料
三、总结表格
短语 含义 关键点 例句
be made of 由……制成 看得出原材料 The chair is made of plastic.
be made from 由……制成 看不出原材料 Cheese is made from milk.
be made in 在……制造 接地点 The phone is made in Korea.
be made by 由……制造 接人或方式 The soup was made by a famous chef.
be made into 被制成…… 主语是原材料 Metal is made into cars.
1． The United States is ____ fifty states.
A．made up of B．made from C．made in D．made of
2．—Do you like casual clothes
—Of course. I like the comfortable T-shirt best because it is ________ cotton.
A．made of B．made in C．made from D．made by
3．—Could you please tell me what the pants are ________ They feel so soft.
—A hundred percent cotton.
A．made of B．made in C．made by
4．—What do you think of the short film Frozen Fever
—It's fantastic. It ____ by Disney.
A．made B．has made C．was made
5． —The chairs in the classroom ____ wood.
—Yes, they can be used for many years.
A．are made in B．are made from C．are made of
6．—Can you tell me something about those chairs
—Of course! They are ________ wood and they are ________ Africa.
A．made in; made from B．made of; made in
C．made into; made of D．made from; made into
7． Our class is ____ twenty boys and fifteen girls.
A．made in B．made of C．made from D．made up of
8．The desk ________ of wood. It's beautiful.
A．am made B．is made C．are made D．were made
9．Jack _______ his own living since he was 7 years old, doing all kinds of jobs.
A．makes B．has made C．had made D．made
10．—Where is Moutai ________
—In Guizhou, China.
A．made of B．made from C．made D．made by
11．The watch ________ Switzerland.
A．is made of B．is made from C．is made by D．is made in
12．This pair of shoes ________ Mom, and it feels very comfortable.
A．was made with B．was made of C．was made by
13．Great progress ________ in the research of computers in the past twenty years.
A．will be made B．was made C．has been made D．is made
14．—Have you ever been to the Summer Palace
—Yes. It ________ a big lake, a seventeen-hole bridge and some other attractions.
A．is made of B．is made from C．is made by D．is made up of
15． Those kites ____ paper. And paper ____ wood.
A．are made of; is made of B．make from; makes from
C．are made of; is made from D．is made from; is made of
16．—The T-shirt feels soft.
—Yes. It ________ cotton.
A．is made of B．is made in C．is made from D．is made by
17．—Is this a true story
—No, it isn't. Mike ________.
A．made it up B．made up it C．made up
18． —Elephants are in great danger now.
—It's true, so we must save the trees and not buy things ____ivory.
A．made in B．made of C．made from
19． The technician told us that the new machine was ____ more than 500 parts.
A．made of B．made from C．made by D．made up of
20． The school includes three teaching buildings, which one do you want to visit first
A．is made of B．is made from
C．is made up of D．is made by
21．—Your sports shoes are so cool. Where did you buy them
—My uncle bought them in New York, but they ______ China.
A．were made by B．were made of C．were made in D．were made from
22．—Excuse me, I wonder ________ .
—Yes, and it was made in Italy.
A．what the tie is made of
B．if the tie is made of silk
C．where the tie is made
23． — You look nice in this pink dress.
— Thank you. It ____ of silk and it was made in Hangzhou.
A．makes B．made C．is made
24．—Could you tell me ________
—It is made in Japan.
A．what is your watch made of B．where is your watch made
C．what your watch made of D．where your watch is made
25．By the time I called, they ________ their decision about the project.
A．have made B．had made C．made D．were making
26． Our country ____ progress in science and culture in recent years.
A．made such B．has made such
C．made so D．has made so
27． The development of the Optics Valley（光谷）____Wuhan top city in the past years.
A．makes B．made C．has made D．had made
28．The scarf which is ________ silk ________ soft and comfortable.
A．made of; feels B．made from; feels C．made of; feel
29．Our country ________ rapid progress in science in recent years.
A．has made so B．has made such C．has made such a
30．Zongzi ________ by Chinese people at the Dragon Boat Festival.
A．makes B．has made C．is made
31． The ring____silver, and it____Thailand.
A．is made of, was made in B．is made of, is made by
C．is made from, is made by D．is made from, was made in
32． This kind of machine ____ Japan.
A．is made by B．is made from
C．is made in D．is made of
33．In the past few years, China _______ great progress in science and technology.
A．make B．makes C．made D．has made
34．China ________ great achievements in science and technology since 1978.
A．makes B．made C．has made D．is made
35． I like the dumplings ____ my mother best.
A．made in B．are made by C．made by
36．He ______ a story to explain why he was absent.
A．made out B．made up C．made from D．made into
37．Our school is big and modern. It ____ a library, a playground and three teaching buildings.
A．is made of B．is made from C．is made up of
38． 一What do you think of my sweater It____cotton.
一It looks nice on you.
A．is made of B．is made for C．is made by D．is made in
39． A few days ago, Li Tianyu ____ some new friends.
A．made B．will make C．makes D．has made
40． The tea ____ in China ____ to many different countries and places each year.
A．is made; sent B．made; sent C．made; is sent
41．Paper ________ the fibres of plants for many years.
A．has been made from B．have been made out of
C．has made up of D．have been made into
42．— Congratulations! You ________ big progress in the past three years.
— Thank you, Mr. Li. I'll never forget the good times in junior high school.
A．make B．made C．have made
43． — What did you do last Sunday
—I ____ a football model with my family at home.
A．made B．make C．will make D．have made
44．You should take action as soon as the final decision ________ at tomorrow's meeting.
A．will be made B．is made C．will make
45． Look at the Guangyuan Cold Noodles! It ____ rice.
A．is good at B．is made of
C．is made from D．is bad for
46．Your shirt looks nice. Is it ____ cotton
A．made of B．made from C．made in
47．While his father was watering the flowers, Tom ________ a model plane.
A．was making B．made C．is making D．has made
48． My brother was quite careless, so he ____ in spelling in the exam.
A．made mistakes B．made decisions
C．made plans D．made friends
49．These model cars ____ in China in 2013.
A．are made B．were made C．make D．made
50． —This car looks old.
—Look at the sign. It says the car ____ in 1975.
A．makes B．made C．is made D．was made
参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：美国由五十个州组成。be made up of 意为由······构成；be made from 意为由······制成，看不出原材料；be made of，意为由······制成；能看出原材料；be made in意为在······制造的。根据fifty states，可知是构成国家的部分，因此用be made up of，故答案选A。
【点评】考查make相关的固定搭配，注意识记be made up for的用法。
2．A
3．A
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我这条裤子是由什么制成的吗？它们感觉如此柔软。——100%纯棉。made of由……制成；made in在某地制造；made by被……制造。根据答句"A hundred percent cotton."可知，此处询问的是这条裤子是由什么制成的。故选A。
【点评】考查固定短语辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个固定短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。
4．C
【解析】句意：——你认为短片电影《冰雪奇缘：生日惊喜》怎么样？——非常棒。它是由迪士尼制作的。 made过去式或者过去分词； has made现在完成时； was made一般过去时的被动语态。主语"It"指电影《冰雪奇缘：生日惊喜》，与动词make存在被动关系；根据语境可知，电影制作应是过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意：在解题过程中，要始终结合句子的语境进行综合分析。注意句子中的其他提示词或短语，它们可能会提供关于时态、语态或动词选择的线索。同时，要考虑句子的整体意思和逻辑关系，确保所填的动词形式与句子的其他部分相协调。
5．C
【解析】句意：——教室里的椅子是木制的。——是的，它们可以使用很多年。 A： 制造于（后接地点）；B： 由……制成（看不出原材料）；C： 由……制成（看得出原材料）。根据主语the chairs"椅子"，可知是看得出由木头制成的，因此用固定搭配be made of。故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意熟记固定搭配be made of由……制成（看得出原材料）。
6．B
7．D
【解析】句意：我们班由20个男生和15个女生组成。be made in意为"产于……"; be made of意为"由······制造",产品看得出原材料; be made from 意为"由······制造",产品看不出原材料; be made up of 意为"由······组成/构成"。根据twenty boys and fifteen girls.可知我们班由20个男生和15个女生组成。故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意识记be made in/of/from/up of的区别。
8．B
9．B
10．C
【解析】句意：——茅台是哪里生产的？——在中国贵州。be made of由……制成（能够看出原材料）；be made from由……制成（看不出原材料）；made制作，过去分词/过去式；be made by被……制造。根据"In Guizhou, China."可知，此处应用made in，表示"在哪里制造"。故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析，首先理解短语区别，然后根据关键词句In Guizhou, China.确定答案，理解句意。
11．D
12．C
13．C
14．D
15．C
【解析】句意：那些风筝是用纸做的。纸是用木头做的。be made of（由……制成，能看出原材料）；be made from（由……制成，看不出原材料）；make from（主动语态，"用……制作"）。根据常识可知，风筝是用纸做的，能看出原材料，应用短语be made of。纸是用木头做的，看不出原材料，应用短语be made from，故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。需区分"be made of"与"be made from"的用法，根据原材料是否可见选择合适短语。
16．A
17．A
18．B
【解析】句意：—— 大象现在处于极大的危险之中。 —— 这是真的，所以我们必须拯救树木，不买象牙制成的东西。A.在某地制成，后跟地点；B.由……制成，看得出原材料；C.由……制成，看不出原材料；由象牙制成的东西，是看得出原材料，此处是动词的过去分词表示被动关系，故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意理解短语意思，理解句意。
19．D
【解析】句意：技术人员告诉我们，这台新机器由500多个零件组成。A.由......制成；B.由.....制成；C.被制成；D.由......组成。the new machine这台新机器，more than 500 parts500多个零件，结合选项可知讲的是机器由500多个零件组成，故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析，首先识记短语意思，然后根据关键词the new machine和more than 500 parts和句意确定短语。
20．C
【解析】句意： 学校有三栋教学楼，你想先参观哪一栋？ A.由……制成，看得出原材料；B.由……制成，看不出原材料；C.由……组成；D.由……制作，后跟制作的对象。根据 three teaching buildings 可知，此处指学校包括三栋教学楼，也就是由三栋教学楼组成，划线部分单词和C项意思相近，故选C。·
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意理解短语意思，理解句意。
21．C
22．B
【解析】句意：——打扰一下，我想知道这领带是丝绸的吗？——是的，而且是意大利制造的。A. 这条领带是什么做的 ；B. 这条领带是否是丝绸做的； C. 这条领带是哪里制造的 。根据答语Yes可知，宾语从句表示是否含义，因此使用if引导的宾语从句。故选B。
【点评】考查if引导的宾语从句。注意if引导宾语从句的用法。
23．C
【解析】句意：——你穿这件粉色裙子看上去很好。——谢谢。它由真丝制成，制作于杭州。make，动词，制造；根据"It……of silk"可知此处要表达它被真丝制成，固定搭配be made of，由……制成，故选C。
【点评】考查一般现在时态的被动。识记be made of的用法。
24．D
25．B
26．B
【解析】句意：在最近几年里我们的国家在科学和文化方面取得了那样的进步。so和such 区别在于：so"如此，那么"，后接形容词&副词；such"如此，那么"，其用法是：such+(a/an)+(形容词)+名词，但名词前有few,little,many,much修饰时只用so。make progress固定短语，".取得进步"，时间状语in recent years与现在完成时态连用；空后有名词progress，故选B。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时，并要求学生区分so和sunch的应用。
27．C
【解析】句意：光谷的发展已让武汉过去几年成为顶级城市。A：makes使，让B：made使，让C：has made已经使，已经让D：had made已经使，已经让。根据"in the past years.在过去的数年"，表示一段时间，并持续到现在，因此句子使用现在完成时：have/has+过去分词；句子的主语是The development of the Optics Valley，单数名词，助动词选择has，答案是has made。故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时。注意识记表示从过去某时开始并一直持续到现在的动作要用现在完成时及谓语结构。
28．A
29．B
30．C
31．A
【解析】句意：这枚戒指是银制的，产自泰国。be made of….…制成，看得出原材料；be made from..….制成，着不出原材料；be made in...在......制造，后接地点；be made by，由…….制造，后接人名，人称。第一空，根据空格后的"silver银"可知，此处表示戒指是银制的，看得出原材料。第二空，根据"Thailand"可知此处表示在哪里制造，故选A。
【点评】考查动短语辨析。注意识记"be made"搭配不同介词而产生的不同含义和用法。
32．C
【解析】句意：这种机器在日本制造。A.由……制造，后跟动作的发出者；B.由……制成，看不出原材料；C.在某地制造，后跟地点名词；D.由……制成，看得出原材料。此处空后是地点，故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意理解短语意思，理解句意。
33．D
34．C
35．C
【解析】句意：我喜最喜欢我妈妈做的饺子。A产于某地，过去分词，B由某人制成，主语是复数，一般现在时，C过去分词，由某人制作的，like是谓语动词，故用过去分词做dumplings的后置定语，根据mother，可知表示被动关系，由妈妈制作的，故选C。
【点评】考查过去分词，注意识记后置定语的用法。
36．B
37．C
【解析】句意：我们的学校很大，很现代。它由一个图书馆、一个操场和三栋教学楼组成。A：由...组成，能看出材料，B：由...组成，不能看出材料，C：由...组成，根据a library, a playground and three teaching buildings，可知是由一个图书馆、一个操场和三栋教学楼组成，故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析，注意识记is made up of的用法。
38．A
【解析】句意：——你认为我的衬衫怎么样？它是纯棉做的。——你穿着看起来很好。be made in意思是"在……制造的"；be made for意思是"为……生产；为……定制"be made of意思是"由……制成的"可以看得出原材料；be made by，由谁制造，其后常跟人。根据空格后面的词语是"cotton"棉花，因此可知这句话的意思是"你认为我的衬衫怎么样？它是纯棉做的。"看得出衬衫的材质，故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析。首先要掌握这个句子的意思，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案。
39．A
【解析】句意： 前几天，李天宇交了一些新朋友。make some new friends交了一些新朋友，固定短语，A.一般过去时；B.一般将来时；C.一般现在时；D.现在完成时。根据 A few days ago 可知，此处描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，make过去式是made，故选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时。注意 A few days ago 和一般过去时连用的用法。
40．C
【解析】句意：中国产的茶叶每年运往许多不同的国家和地方。根据句子句意，第一空这里想表达"中国制造"的意思，第一空应用make的过去分词made做后置定语，修饰前面的The tea，因此第一空填made。The tea与动词send是动宾关系，因此第二空这里要用被动结构：be done，再根据时间状语"each year"可知句子时态为一般现在时，主语是The tea，为不可数名词，因此be动词要用is，send要变为过去分词sent，因此第二空填is sent，故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态和过去分词，被动语态由"be动词+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
41．A
42．C
43．A
【解析】句意：—— 上星期天你做什么了？ —— 我和我的家人一起在家里做了一个足球模型。make制作，动词，根据问句 What did you do last Sunday 可知，问句是一般过去时，答句也应该用一般过去时，make过去式是made，故选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时。注意根据语境选择正确的时态。
44．B
45．C
【解析】句意：看这广元冷面！它是用大米做的。is good at擅长；is made of由……制成，侧重于原材料在制成品中的可见性或可识别性 ；is made from由……制成，侧重于原材料经过加工或转化后在制成品中的不可见性或无法直接识别性；is bad for对……有坏处。结合常识可知，原材料"大米"已无法在广元冷面中看见。故选C。
【点评】考查固定短语辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个固定短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。
46．A
【解析】句意：你的衬衫看起来不错。是棉布做的吗？A由……制成，看得出原材料；B由……制成，看不出原材料；C在……制造，后接地点。根据 shirt衬衫和cotton棉，可知衬衫由棉制成，看得出原材料，用固定搭配be made of。故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意熟记be made of"由……制成（看得出原材料）"。
47．A
48．A
【解析】句意：我哥哥很粗心，所以他在考试中犯了拼写错误。made mistakes犯错误； made decisions做决定； made plans做计划；made friends交朋友。根据语句My brother was quite careless, so he……in spelling in the exam.可知哥哥粗心的结果是考试中犯了拼写错误。故答案为A。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意了解各选项的含义及用法，根据语境选择合适的选项。
49．B
【解析】句意：这些汽车模型是2013年在中国制造的。A.are made一般现在时的被动语态； B.were made 一般过去时的被动语态； C.make一般现在时的主动语态； D.made一般过去时的主动语态。主语是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态，根据时间是2013年，所以用一般过去时。故选B。
50．D
【解析】句意：——这辆车看起来很旧。——看牌子。上面说这辆车是1975年制造的。makes一般现在时；made一般过去时；is made一般现在时的被动语态；was made一般过去时的被动语态。根据主语the car和make之间的关系可知主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态，根据in 1975可知是用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。识记被动语态的构成并运用正确的时态。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

展开更多......

收起↑