【弯道超车】Unit 8 Pets and us 核心语法之一般现在时的被动语态-2025年沪教版(2024)新八年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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【弯道超车】Unit 8 Pets and us 核心语法之一般现在时的被动语态-2025年沪教版(2024)新八年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025年沪教版(2024)新八年级英语上册精讲精练
Unit 8 Pets and us
核心语法:一般现在时的被动语态
一、核心概念
一般现在时的被动语态 表示现在经常性、习惯性的被动动作,即主语是动作的承受者。
结构:am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词
二、基本结构
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 English is spoken here.
否定句 主语 + am/is/are not + 过去分词 The door is not locked.
一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词 Is the room cleaned every day
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 过去分词 Where is tea grown
三、使用场景
强调动作承受者
Rice is grown in the south.(强调稻谷被种植)
不知道或不需要说明动作执行者
This window is broken.(不知道被谁打破)
客观事实或普遍真理
The earth is surrounded by air.(客观事实)
日常习惯或常规
The floors are cleaned every morning.(日常清洁)
四、主动语态变被动语态三步法
找宾语:主动句的宾语 → 被动句的主语
People speak English here.
→ English is spoken here.
定动词:主动动词 → be + 过去分词
speak → is spoken
加by:执行者明确且重要时加 by + 执行者
English is spoken by people.
五、不同人称的被动语态
人称 主动语态 被动语态
I I clean the room. The room is cleaned by me.
You You make cakes. Cakes are made by you.
He/She She waters flowers. Flowers are watered by her.
We/They They produce cars. Cars are produced by them.
六、易错点分析
1、漏掉be动词
The room cleaned every day.
The room is cleaned every day.
2、过去分词形式错误
The letter is write by him.
The letter is written by him.
3、不及物动词误用被动语态
The accident is happened often.
The accident happens often.
4、by短语使用错误
English is spoken by everyone in China.
English is spoken in China by many people.
七、记忆口诀
“现在被动am/is/are,过去分词跟后面。
主动变被动三步走,宾变主、动变过分、by跟后。
不及物动词无被动,过去分词要记熟。
多练多用多体会,被动语态不再难。”
1.—Look at the sign on the right!
—Oh, smoking _________ here.
A.isn’t allowed B.doesn’t allow C.didn’t allow D.don’t allow
2.— Wow, this plastic bag looks so special!
— Yes, it is. It ________ from fish!
A.made B.is made C.will be made
3.The Suzhou Garden about all over the world.
A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known
4.How many trees ________ here every year
A.are planted B.plant C.be planted D.plants
5.The weatherman says a rain shower _____ this afternoon in the south.
A.expects B.expected C.is expected D.was expected
6.The Silk Road is mainly built for business. Many Chinese things ________ to western countries through it.
A.are sold B.are selling
C.were sold D.were selling
7.Now there are too many apps on the phone. For users who don’t want them, space on the phone ________.
A.takes away B.is taken away C.takes up D.is taken up
8.He likes reading very much.Most of his money on books.
A.is spent B.spend C.spends D.are spent
9.Brian likes reading a lot. Every year plenty of his pocket money ______ in buying books.
A.were spent B.are spent C.was spent D.is spent
10.Look! This new table ________ wood.
A.is made by B.is made of C.is made from D.is made into
11.Now Chinese couples ________ to have three children.
A.allow B.allowed C.are allowed D.were allowed
12.The pet dog is warm and loving. It _________ as a son of my family.
A.treats B.is treated C.treated D.was treated
13.— In our English class, we________ express our opinions freely.
— That’s good. This is the best way to practice the language you learn.
A.are told to B.tell to C.are told D.tell
14.Because it every day, the window is very clean.
A.cleaned B.will clean
C.was cleaned D.is cleaned
15.The word “cool” ________ young people so often these years.
A.uses by B.is used by C.is used as D.uses as
16.Nanchong ________ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping for silk there.
A.knows B.is known C.was known D.will be known
17.Chinese __________by more and more people in the world now.
A.speak B.spoke C.is spoken D.was spoken
18.— Do you think teenagers ____to make their own decisions.
— No, I don’t agree with you. They’re too young to do that.
A.encourage B.are encouraging
C.are encouraged D.were encouraged
19.English ________ in Canada.
A.speaks B.are spoken
C.is speaking D.is spoken
20.It's said that ________ of the water around the world ________ polluted.
A.two third; has B.two thirds; have C.two thirds; is
21.Traditional Chinese paper-cutting ________ as a national intangible cultural heritage.
A.recognizes B.is recognized C.recognized D.was recognizing
22.—Claudia, are you going to Mike’s birthday party on Sunday
—Unless I ______ .
A.am invited B.invited C.was inviting
23.It’s said that ________ of the water around the world ________ polluted.
A.two thirds; has B.two thirds; is C.two third; are D.two thirds; have
24.It’s wrong that the children ________ all day.
A.make to study B.make studying
C.are made studying D.are made to study
25.Look! The roof ________ fallen leaves.
A.is covered with B.covered with
C.is covered D.covered
26.A lot of birds ________ in nature parks every year.
A.protect B.is protected C.are protected D.protected
27.—The streets in our city are always clean.
—You know they ________ by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A.have cleaned B.will clean C.are cleaning D.are cleaned
28.—More and more high-technology products ________ in China.
—Yes. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
A.is making B.are making C.is made D.are made
29.Don’t come into the room until you ________.
A.are asked to B.are asked C.will be asked D.ask
30.Students __________ to use E-dictionaries in the English exam.
A.don’t allow B.aren’t allowed C.allowed D.is allowed
31.The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero. Today, he ________ still ________ by people of all ages.
A.will; love B.was; loved C.is; loved D.will; be loved
32.The room _______ flowers.
A.fill with B.full of C.is filled with D.is filled of
33.The boy ________ “Little Clever”.
A.call B.called C.is called
34.【贵州省六盘水市2015年中考英语试题】A lot of trees around here every year and we can enjoy fresher hair now.
A.plant B.is planted C.were planted D.are planted
35.Many modern factories _______ by computer, so their products are more excellent.
A.mainly control B.are main controlling
C.are main controlled D.are mainly controlled
36.Every year, trees ______ in our city in order to protect our environment.
A.is planted B.are planted C.plant D.plants
37.— ________ the film ________ Snow White
—No, it isn’t.
A.Has; been called B.Is; called C.Was; called D.Will; be called
38.If this kind of thing at once, the whole situation will be much worse.
A.isn't stopped B.won't be stopped
C.didn't stop D.hasn't stopped
39.I will travel abroad if the work ________ on time.
A.is finished B.finished C.will finish D.finishes
40.As far as I know, tea plants ________ on the sides of mountains.
A.are growed B.are grown C.grow
41.When you ______ a difficult task, try to continue with it and finish it.
A.give B.are giving C.gave D.are given
42.Shakespeare __________ the great star of literature around the world.
A.is considered be B.is considered to be
C.consider be D.consider to be
43.Those kites ________ paper. And paper ________ wood.
A.are made of; is made of B.make from; makes from
C.are made of; is made from D.is made from; is made of
44.This kind of pot ________ keeping tea hot.
A.is used in B.is used for
C.used in D.used for
45.What time ________ the door ________ every day
A.does; closed B.does; close C.is; closed D./; close
46.—How is your pet dog
—He is lovely. But if he _______ at home all day, he _______ at me angrily.
A.keeps; barks B.is kept; will bark C.is kept; bark D.keeps; will bark
47.I will be happy if I ________ to your party tomorrow.
A.invite B.am invited C.will invite D.inviting
48.The students are ________ to clean the classroom.
A.make B.made C.making
49.The park gates ______ at 10:00 every evening.
A.lock B.locked C.are locked D.were locked
50.—Do you know when we will leave
—I’m not sure. I will tell you about it when the time ________.
A.is fixed B.fixed C.be fixed D.will be fixed
51.The latest mobile phone in China.
A.will make B.has made C.is making D.is made
52.—What languages ________ in that country
—German and English.
A.are speaking B.are spoken C.speak D.is spoken
53.-Do you have Jay’s CDs
-Sorry,they are ______.But we’ll get some more next week because they___.
A.sold well;are on sale B.sold out;sell well
C.selling well;sell well D.for sale;sell well
54.—Have you finished your fashion design
---Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ten more minutes.
A.am given B.give C.will give D.will be given
55.Now all Chinese couples _____ to have two children.
A.allow B.allowed C.are allowed D.were allowed
56.Students do less homework now. Usually it ________ before 9 o’clock in the evening.
A.finishes B.finished
C.is finished D.was finished
57.Pottery is usually __________ in a kiln.
A.bake B.baked C.baking D.bakes
58.--Can Mr. King spare some time for the charity show
--If he ___, he will try his best to make it.
A.will be invited B.is invited
C.invites D.invited
59.It _____ that there are many treasures in the pyramids.
A.says B.said C.is said D.is saying
60.The scissors ________ cut the wool _________ the sheep.
A.are used to; off B.is used to; off C.are used to; down D.is used to; down
61.All the passengers ________ to show their ID cards before they get on the plane.
A.were required B.is required
C.was required D.are required
62.Students do less homework now. Usually it ________ before 9 o’clock.
A.finishes B.finished C.is finished D.was finished
63.Every year many trees ____ along the streets to make our city more beautiful.
A.plant B.have planted C.are planted D.were planted
64.—Mr Smith must give up drinking.
—Yes. Because of his drinking, both his health and his family .
A.have harmed B.are harmed C.has harmed D.is harmed
65.In many western countries, teenagers ________ to move out at eighteen.
A.allowed B.are allowed C.is allowed D.allowing
66.The building beside my school ________ a theatre, now it ________ as a sports centre.
A.is used as; is used to be B.was used as; used to be C.used to be; is used D.was used to being; is used
67.Andy, you________ on the phone.
A.want B.are wanted C.are wanting D.wanted
68.The school ________ a famous woman writer—Xiao Hong.
A.is named after B.are named C.is called for D.are called for
69.—What a nice classroom!
—It ________ every day.
A.is cleaning B.has cleaned C.is cleaned
70.The knife ________ things.
A.used for cutting B.is used for cut C.is used to cut D.use to cut
71.Han Han's books are popular. They ________ by many teenagers.
A.is read B.was read C.are read D.had been read
72.—Where is Maotai ________
—In Guizhou, China.
A.made of B.made from C.made D.made by
73.Disneyland _________ by millions of people.
A.will enjoy B.enjoyed C.is enjoyed D.enjoying
74.—I don’t know why you’ve made so many mistakes in the exam.
—Sorry. If I another chance, I’ll do it better.
A.give B.will be given
C.will give D.am given
75.The song reminds me of my old school days as soon as it ______.
A.is played B.plays C.will be played D.will play
76.Try to buy one before all the tickets ________.
A.will be sold B.will be sold out C.sold D.are sold out
77.Today, computers are really useful. They ________ everywhere.
A.use B.are used C.used D.were used
78.Han Han’s books are popular. They ________ by many teenagers.
A.is read B.was read C.are read D.were read
79.Li Lei is the boy who is related ______ Mr.Li.
A.with B.to C.on D.for
80.Chinese New Year ________ the Spring Festival. People often eat dumplings.
A.is called B.was called C.calls D.called
81.In Switzerland, keeping only one goldfish isn’t ________, because the government believes it is very bad to make such social animals live alone.
A.stopped B.doubted C.refused D.allowed
82.A lot of trees ________ around here every year, and we can enjoy fresher air now.
A.were planted B.are planted C.will planted D.are planting
83.Many inventions are __________ all over the world now.
A.using B.use C.used D.useful
84.It is generally _________ to be wrong to give a child _________ he or she wants.
A.consider; with
B.considering; what
C.considered; whatever
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1.A
【解析】试题分析:句意:看右边的标志。哦,这里不允许吸烟。smoking是allow这一动作的承受者,故用被动语态。描述标志内容,常用一般现在时。根据该标志可知是否定意思,所以选A。
考点:考查一般现在时被动语态。
2.B
【解析】句意:——哇,这个塑料袋看起来如此特别!——是的。它是用鱼做成的。
考查动词。此句描述一般的状态,用一般现在时态;句子主语it指代“this plastic bag”,塑料袋和动词make之间是被动关系,用一般现在时的被动is made。故选B。
3.C
【解析】句意:苏州园林是世界闻名的园林。
A:一般现在时的主动语态;B:一般过去时的主动语态;C:一般现在时的被动语态;D:一般过去时的被动语态。首先:苏州园林是世界闻名的园林是一个事实,故应该使用一般现在时;因此B、D选项直接排除;又因为"园林"与"知道;了解"之间是被动关系,故应该使用被动语态;因此A选项排,故选C。
4.A
【解析】句意:每年这里种植多少棵树?
考查一般现在时的被动语态。plants种植。根据句意可知,句子是在询问每年这里种植多少棵树,因此主语trees和动词plant之间存在被动关系,即树是被种植的,所以应该用被动语态。又因为句子描述的是每年都会发生的事情,所以时态应该用一般现在时。因此,正确答案应该是一般现在时的被动语态are planted。故选A。
5.C
【解析】句意:天气预报员说今天下午在南方有望下阵雨。根据 a rain shower和 expect之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,排除A/B;根据this afternoon 可知是一般现在时态;故选C
点睛:被动语态的各个时态。1)一般现在时态的 am /is are+done,例如:I am asked to study hard by my mother. 2)一般过去时态的 were/was+done,例如:A new shop was built last year. 3) 现在完成时态的 have/has been+done 例如:This book has been translated into Chiese. 4) 一般将来时态的 will be+ done, 例如:Many trees will be planted next year. 5)现在进行时态的 am/is/are+being+done, 例如:My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
6.A
【解析】句意:丝绸之路主要是为商业而建的。许多中国的东西都是通过它卖到西方国家的。
考查时态和语态。分析句子可知,“Many Chinese things”和“sell”构成被动关系,而根据“The Silk Road is mainly built for business.”可知,该句为一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are+动词过去分词”,主语为复数,be动词用are,故选A。
7.D
【解析】句意:现在手机上有太多的应用软件了。对于不想要他们的使用者来说。手机空间被占用了。
考查动词短语和被动语态。takes away拿开;is taken away被拿开;takes up占用;is taken up被占用。根据语意分析及“Now there are too many apps on the phone.”可知,手机上的空间被占用,所以用take up。根据主语是space,所以应该用被动语态。故选D。
8.A
【解析】句意:他非常喜欢阅读。他的大部分钱花在了书上。
本题考查动词语态和主谓一致。不可数名词money是动词spend的承受者,应使用被动语态,排出BC;不可数名词money做主语谓语动词应使用单数。故答案选A。
9.D
【解析】句意:Brian很喜欢阅读。每年他的很多红包都被花费在买书上。选项中spend为实义动词“花费”。A、C项为一般过去时的被动语态结构;B、D项为一般现在时的被动语态结构。本句主语pocket money为不可数名词,与谓语动词spend存在被动关系,即“红包被花”,故应使用被动语态,又因为every year为一般现在时态的时间状语,故应使用一般现在时的被动语态,be动词应使用单数形式,故选D。
10.B
【解析】句意:看!这张新桌子是木头做的。
考查动词短语表达被动语态。be made by“由某人制造“;be made of “由……制成”,表示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料是什么;be made from “由……制成”,表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征,看不出原材料;be made into“被做成”。根据句意可知,桌子是木头做的,可以看出原材料,应用be made of。故选B。
11.C
【解析】句意:现在中国夫妻被允许生三个孩子。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“Chinese couples”与动词“allow”之间是被动关系,且根据时间状语“now”可知,本句使用一般现在时的被动语态,结构为“be allowed”。主语是复数形式,be动词用are,故选C。
12.B
【解析】句意:这只宠物狗既温暖又可爱。它被当作我家的儿子。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“It”和谓语“treat”是被动关系,需用被动语态;根据“The pet dog is warm and loving. It…as a son of my family.”可知,本句需用一般现在时。综合以上,此空需用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
13.A
【解析】句意:——在我们的英语课上,我们被告诉自由表达观点。——那太好了,这是练习你学的语言的最好方式。根据主语we和tell之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,排除B/D;根据tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事,故选A
14.D
【解析】句意:因为窗户每天打扫,所以非常干净。
考查动词的时态及语态。 cleaned一般过去时态;will clean一般将来时态;was cleaned一般过去时被动语态; is cleaned一般现在时被动语态。每天打扫窗户,表示经常性、习惯性的动作,用一般现在时态;主语it(指the window)是谓语动词clean的承受者,所以用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done,选项D符合。故选D。
15.B
【解析】句意:近年来单词“cool”经常被年轻人使用。
考查动词的被动语态。根据主语“The word”以及所给的选项可知,应该用被动语态。由“young people”以及语法分析可知,应该由by引出动作执行者。由时间状语“these years”可知,用一般现在时。故选B。
16.B
【解析】句意:南充作为丝绸之都被人们所熟知,游客们喜欢在那里买丝绸。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Nanchong...as the City of Silk.”可知,此处应表示南充作为丝绸之都被人们所熟知,主语Nanchong和动词know之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,可用be known as...“作为……被人们所熟知/而著名”,且句子阐述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,此时be动词应用is。故选B。
17.C
【解析】句意:汉语现在被全世界越来越多的人说。
考查一般现在时被动语态。speak说,动词原形;spoke说,过去式;is spoken被说,一般现在时被动语态;was spoken被说,一般过去时被动语态。句中的主语Chinese和speak是动宾关系,故用被动。根据标志词now可知时态是一般现在时,一般现在时被动语态结构为am/is/are done,主语为Chinese,be动词用is。故选C。
18.C
【解析】句意:——你认为青少年应该被鼓励做自己的决定吗?——不,我不同意你的观点。他们太年轻了不能这样做。
考查被动语态。动词逻辑上的宾语作主语时,句子用被动语态;动词逻辑上的主语作主语时,用主动语态。“鼓励青少年”,teenagers是encourage逻辑上的宾语,在句中作主语。用被动语态,这里陈述事实,应用一般现在时。故选C。
19.D
【解析】句意:加拿大说英语。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子应用一般现在时陈述事实或一般规律,English是speak这一动作的承受者,句子应用一般现在时的被动语态,其谓语结构为:am/is/are+过去分词。主语为English,be动词应用is,动词speak的过去分词为spoken。故选D。
20.C
【解析】句意;据说世界三分之二的水都被污染。
考查分词的表达和主谓一致。基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。表达“三分之二” 用“two thirds”。“分数 of+名词”做主语时根据名词来判断谓语动词的单复数,“water”是不可数名词,表示“被污染”用“is polluted”。故选C。
21.B
【解析】句意:传统中国剪纸被认定为国家级非物质文化遗产。
考查被动语态。主语“Traditional Chinese paper-cutting”和动词“recognize”是被动关系,此句说的是事实情况,应用一般现在时的被动语态结构(am/is/are done),故选B。
22.A
【解析】试题分析:句意:——Claudia,星期天你将要去参加马克的生日聚会吗?——除非我被邀请。
考查被动语态。Unless引导的条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时,结合句意,I与invite之间是被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,其构成是am/is/are done,表示我被邀请,此处主语是I,所以动词用am invited。故选A。
23.B
【解析】句意:据说世界上三分之二的水被污染了。
考查分数表达及被动语态。分数表达中分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分数要变为复数。表示“三分之二”要用two thirds,排除C;主语water与动词之间是被动关系,应该用被动语态be done,表示“被污染”用be polluted,此处是一般现在时的被动语态,可排除A和D,故选B。
24.D
【解析】句意:让孩子们整天学习是错的。
考查被动语态。根据“It’s wrong that the children…all day.”可知,此处是孩子被让,be made to do sth“被迫做某事”。故选D。
25.A
【解析】句意:看!屋顶上覆盖着落叶。
考查动词时态及语态。cover...with...“用……覆盖……”,动词短语,所以此处应用被动语态;根据“Look!”可知,句子时态为一般现在时,主语为“The roof”,所以此处应用动词的三单形式。故选A。
26.C
【解析】句意:每年都有很多鸟类在自然公园受到保护。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知,主语“A lot of birds”和谓语protect“保护”之间是被动关系,根据“every year”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”,主语是复数,be动词用are。故选C。
27.D
【解析】句意:——我们城市的街道总是很干净。——你知道它们每天都由勤劳的清洁工打扫。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“every day”可知,此处是一般现在时。主语they指代“the streets”,与动词clean之间是被动关系,所以此处用一般现在时被动语态be done的结构,故选D。
28.D
【解析】句意:——越来越多的高科技产品是中国制造的。 ——是的。我们的国家越来越强大。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语products与动词make之间是被动关系,故此处应用被动语态,主语是复数形式,助动词用are,故选D。
29.A
【解析】句意:没有人叫你进来,你就不要进来。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析题干可知,主语you与谓语动词ask“要求”之间为被动关系,且该句描述的一般事实,时态应为一般现在时的被动语态,“要求某人做某事”的英文表达为“ask sb. to do sth.”,其对应的一般现在时的被动语态的结构为“am/is/are asked to”,且被动语态中to不省略。故选A。
30.B
【解析】句意:学生不允许在英语考试中使用电子词典。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Students...to use E-dictionaries in the English exam.”可知,这里是指学生不允许在英语考试中使用电子词典,所以动词allow与主语Students构成被动关系,该句是一般现在时,这里要填一般现在时被动语态的否定形式,其结构is/am/are+not+done。故选B。
31.C
【解析】句意:美猴王是中国传统的卡通英雄。今天,他仍然受到各个年龄段的人的喜爱。
考查时态及语态。根据“Today”可知,时态为一般现在时;根据“by people of all ages”并分析句子结构可知,句子主语与谓语为逻辑上的动宾关系,用被动语态。故选C。
32.C
【解析】句意:这个房间里装满了花。根据fill--- with---用---装满---;be filled with ---被用---装满---;be full of 充满;故选C
33.C
【解析】句意:这个男孩被称为“小聪明”。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语是“The boy”与“call”之间存在被动关系,此处需要使用被动语态,强调男孩被称为什么,结构为“is called”,故选C。
34.D
【解析】句意:每年这儿周围种植很多树,现在我们就能够享受更新鲜的空气了。
主语是trees是谓语plant的承受者,用被动语态,动词用过去分词:planted;由句中关键词every year,可知本题用一般现在时态。所以选D。
35.D
【解析】句意:许多现代工厂主要采用电脑控制,因此其产品更加优良。
考查副词的用法和一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Many modern factories…by computer…”可知,时态为一般现在时,主语为复数,be动词则用are,动词应用副词mainly修饰,且动词用过去分词形式表被动。故选D。
36.B
【解析】句意:为了保护我们的环境,我们城市每年都植树。
考查被动语态。根据句意可知,树与谓语种植之间是被动关系,故应用被动语态,C、D选项可排除。句中主语trees为复数,故be动词应用are,故选B。
37.B
【解析】句意:——这部电影叫《白雪公主》吗?——不,不是。
考查一般疑问句的助动词。the film与call之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态,根据“No, it isn’t.”可知,疑问句第一空助动词用is,所以是一般现在时的被动语态的一般疑问句。故选B。
38.A
【解析】句意:如果这种事情不立即停止,整个情况会更糟。
考查If引导的条件状语从句的时态。A. isn't stopped是一般现在时的被动结构;B. won't be stopped是一般将来时的被动结构;C. didn't stop是一般过去时;D. hasn't stopped是现在完成时。分析句子结构可知,主语“this kind of thing”和谓语“停止”之间是被动关系,排除C、D。If引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”的原则,即从句用一般现在时表将来,故选A。
39.A
【解析】句意:如果工作按时完成,我将去国外旅行。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析题干可知,此处是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,空处位于从句中,应用一般现在时,从句主语the work和动词finish之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,所以空处应用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构是:am/is/are+过去分词。故选A。
40.B
【解析】句意:据我所知,茶树被种在山坡上。
考查被动语态。主语“tea plants”和谓语动词grow构成动宾关系,且由句意可知此句为一般现在时,应用一般现在时的被动语态,其构成为“am/is/are+过去分词”。故选B。
41.D
【解析】句意:当你被分配一项困难的任务时,试着坚持下去并完成它。
考查被动语态。give给;are giving正在给 (现在进行时);gave给 (过去式);are given被给予 (被动语态)。根据“a difficult task”与主语“you”之间的逻辑关系,此处需用被动语态表示“被分配任务”。故选D。
42.B
【解析】句意:莎士比亚被认为是世界文学界的巨星。
考查动词短语。consider doing sth考虑做某事;be consider to do sth某人/事/物被认为是……。句子主语是“Shakespeare”,此处指的是“被认为是巨星”,应用be consider to do的结构,故选B。
43.C
【解析】句意:那些风筝是用纸做的。纸是由木头制成的。
考查动词短语和主谓一致。be made of“由……制成”,能看出原材料;make from由……制成;be made from“由……制成”,看不出或难以分辨出原材料。第一空,主语“Those kites”与动词make是被动关系,应用被动语态,排除B;又因为风筝是可以直接看出原材料的,应用be made of,且主语为第三人称复数,be动词用are,排除D;第二空,纸是不能直接看出原材料木头的,应用be made from,且主语“paper”为第三人称单数,be动词用is,排除A。故选C。
44.B
【解析】句意:这种锅被用于给茶保温。
考查短语辨析。be used in在……中被使用; be used for被用于……。根据“keeping tea hot”可知被用于某种功能,故选B。
45.C
【解析】句意:门每天几点关?
考查被动语态。the door门应该是被关,所以此处用被动语态,其结构为be done。根据every day可知,句子的时态为一般现在时,主语the door为单数,所以be动词用is;close的过去分词为closed。故选C。
46.B
【解析】句意:——你的宠物狗怎么样?——它很可爱。不过如果把它整天关在家里,它会生气地向我叫。
考查被动语态及动词时态。第一空表示狗被关在家里,应该用被动语态be+done,排除A和D;if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”的原则,第二空应用一般将来时态will+do。故选B。
47.B
【解析】句意:如果我明天被邀请参加你的聚会,我会很高兴的。考查一般现在时的被动语态和条件状语从句。A. invite邀请,一般现在时; B. am invited被邀请,一般现在时的被动语态;C. will invite将邀请,一般将来时;D. inviting现在分词。If引导的条件状语从句主将从现。结合句意和语境可知选B。
48.B
【解析】句意:学生们被要求打扫教室。
考查被动语态。make为动词原形;made为过去分词;making为现在分词。主语students与动词make构成被动关系(be made to do sth.表示“被要求做某事”),需用过去分词形式。故选B。
49.C
【分析】
【解析】句意:公园的门每晚十点上锁。
考查动词时态及被动语态的用法。lock动词原形,一般现在时;locked过去式或过去分词;are locked一般现在时被动语态;were locked一般过去时被动语态。根据时间状语every evening 得知是一般现在时,而且主语许多大门和动词lock之间是被动关系,用一般现在时被动语态。故选C。
50.A
【解析】句意:——你知道我们什么时候离开吗?——我不确定。当时间确定时,我会告诉你。
考查动词时态语态。根据“I’ll tell you when the time …”可知,when引导时间状语从句,当主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,又因“time”与“fix”之间是被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,且主语是不可数名词time,因此助动词用is。故选A。
51.D
【解析】句意:最新的手机是在中国制造的。will make将会制造,一般将来时态;has made现在完成时态;is making现在进行时态;is made一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知,这句话的主语The latest mobile phone与谓语动词make之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态,选项中只有D是被动形式,故选D。
52.B
【解析】句意:——那个国家说什么语言?——德语和英语。
考查动词时态。结合语境可知上文描述的是客观性动作,故用一般现在时态。主语是动作对象,故用被动语态,即be+过去分词,故排除A、C项。“languages”表示复数含义,故be动词用are。故选B。
53.B
【解析】句意:——你有Jay的光盘吗?——对不起,已经卖完了。但是下周我们会有些因为它们买的很好。
本题考查短语辨析。on sale“出售,廉价出售”, for sale“待售,出售的”, sell well“好卖,畅销”,sold out“卖完”。根据句意可知他的光盘很走俏,已经卖完了,下周再买。第一空用sold out表示自己没有;第二空用sell well说明原因。故选B。
54.A
【解析】句意:——你已经完成了你的时装设计吗?——还没有。如果给我十分钟,我就完成它。本句是被动句:be+动词的过去分词;if引导条件状语从句,时态遵循主将从现。所以选A。
55.C
【解析】句意:现在所有中国的夫妻被允许可以生两个孩子。
本题主要考查一般现在时被动语态。结合句意可知,夫妻是被允许的,故应使用被动语态。主语为 couples,are allowed 符合句意。故答案选C。
56.C
【解析】句意:学生现在做较少的家庭作业。通常在晚上九点前就可以完成。
考查一般现在时被动语态。finishes一般现在时;finished一般过去时;is finished一般现在时被动语态;was finished一般过去时的被动语态。在该句中的it指代上文中的homework,它是动词finish的承受者,该用被动语态。根据usually可知该用一般现在时。故此句是一般现在时的被动语态,故选C。
57.B
【解析】句意:陶器通常在窑中烘烤。
考查被动语态。bake烘烤,动词原形;baked烘烤,动词过去式或过去分词;baking烘烤,现在分词;bakes烘烤,动词三单形式。主语Pottery与谓语动词bake是被动关系,所以用被动语态,结构是“be done”,所以此处填过去分词。故选B。
58.B
【解析】试题分析:句意:-King先生能不能抽点时间去参加慈善表演?-如果他被邀请,他回尽力去的。will be invited 一般将来时的被动语态;is invited一般现在时的被动语态;invites第三人称单数形式;invited过去式。这句话中if引导的是条件状语从句,应该用一般现在时态,而且从句中的主语he和invite构成被动关系,故应选B。
【考点定位】:考查动词的时态和语态。
59.C
【解析】句意:据说金字塔里有许多珍宝。考查固定句型。It is said that + 从句,据说……,是一个固定句型,it是形式主语,that后边的部分指代的是it的具体内容,是真正主语。it是动词say的受动者,所以用被动语态。根据句意结构,可知选C。
60.A
【解析】句意:剪刀是用来剪羊毛的。
考查used短语及介词。be used to do被用来做某事,主语是复数名词,be动词用are,排除B/D选项;cut off“剪下”;cut down“砍倒”;结合“cut the wool...the sheep”可知,此处指的是“把羊毛从绵羊身上剪下来”,应用cut off,故选A。
61.D
【解析】句意:所有的乘客在登机前都必须出示身份证。
考查被动语态。根据“before they get on the plane.”可知时态是一般现在时,排除选项A和C;由主语“All the passengers”可知是复数,be动词用are。故选D。
62.C
【解析】句意:学生们现在做较少的作业。 通常九点前结束。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Students do less homework now. Usually it … before 9 o’clock.”可知,此处it代指前面提到的作业,与动词finish“完成”之间应为被动语态,句子为一般现在时,因此用一般现在时的被动语态,构成为“am/ is/ are done”,主语it为三单,be动词用is。故选C。
63.C
【解析】句意:为了使我们的城市更加美丽,每年在街道上都种上许多树。
plant种植,have planted现在完成时;are planted被动语态的一般现在时;were planted被动语态的一般过去时。主语和谓语动词之间指动宾关系,所以用被动语态,根据every year可知用一般现在时,故选C。
64.B
【解析】句意:-Smith先生必须戒烟。-是的,因为他的吸烟,他的健康和他家人都受到了伤害。have harmed已经伤害,现在完成时;are harmed一般现在时的被动语态;has harmed现在完成时;is harmed一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知,主语his health and his family与动词构成被动关系,应使用被动语态,排除A和C;主语由and连接,谓语动词用复数,故应选B。
65.B
【解析】句意:在许多西方国家,允许青少年在十八岁时搬出去。此句缺少谓语动词,allowing为非谓语动词,首先排除D;主语teenagers与动词allow之间是被动的关系,构成被动语态,排除A答案;主语为名词复数形式,故答案为B。
66.C
【解析】句意:我学校旁边的建筑以前是一个剧院,现在被用作体育中心。
考查一般过去时和一般现在时的被动。is used as; is used to be被用作,均为一般现在时的被动;was used as; used to be被用作,过去是……,均为一般过去时;used to be; is used过去是……,被用作,前者为一般过去时,后者为一般现在时的被动;was used to being; is used前者表述错误,后者为一般现在时的被动。根据原句可知,比较的是过去和现在,第一空用一般过去时,used to be意为“以前是……”;第二空用一般现在时,主语“it”和“use”为被动关系,因此用一般现在时的被动。故选C。
67.B
【解析】句意:安迪,有人打电话找你。
考查被动语态。主语“you”与谓语“want”之间为被动关系,用一般现在时的被动语态,谓语部分结构为:be done。故选B。
【点睛】难点突破:本题需要搞清楚主语和谓语之间的关系。
68.A
【解析】句意:这所学校以一位著名的女性作家萧红来命名。
考查动词短语和语态。name命名;name after以……的名字命名;call for去接某人。根据“a famous woman writer”,可知句子表达以一位著名的女性作家来命名,主语“the school”是单数概念,动词用一般现在时的被动结构“is named after”。故选A。
69.C
【解析】句意:——多好的教室啊!——它每天都被打扫。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“everyd ay”可知时态是一般现在时,it指教室,和clean是被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
70.C
【解析】句意:小刀是用来切东西的。use to do sth.过去常常做某事;be used to do sth.被用来做某事;等同于be used for doing sth. A, B选项的搭配错误,首先要排除;主语“The knife”与动词“use”之间是被动的关系,故答案选C。
71.C
【解析】句意:韩寒的书很受欢迎。它们被许多青少年阅读。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据are popular可知是一般现在时,根据by可知应使用被动语态,所以此处是一般现在时的被动语态,they是复数,用are。故选C。
72.C
【解析】句意:——茅台酒是哪里生产的?——在中国贵州。
考查被动语态。be made of由……制成,看出原材料;be made from由……制成,看不出原材料;made制作,过去分词/过去式;be made by被谁制造。根据“In Guizhou, China.”可知是问在哪里被生产的,需用被动语态(be done)。故选C。
73.C
【解析】句意:迪士尼乐园被成百万的人们喜欢。
考查被动语态。主语Disneyland和谓语动词enjoy“喜欢”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态,其谓语结构为“be+done”,故选C。
74.D
【解析】句意:——我不知道你为什么在考试中犯了那么多错误。——对不起。如果再给我一次机会,我会做得更好。
考查动词时态和语态。根据句意可知该用被动语态。在if条件状语从句中主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,故选D。
75.A
【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意:这首歌被播放的时候,使我想起了我的学生时代。it作play的承受者,故用被动语态,根据句意此题应用一般现在时态的被动语态,所以选择答案A。
76.D
【解析】句意:尽量在票卖完之前买一张。
考查被动语态。before引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主语tickets与动词sell out之间是被动关系,所以从句用一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构,故选D。
77.B
【解析】句意:今天,电脑真的有用。到处都使用电脑。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“They ... everywhere.”可知,they代指电脑,与动词use之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态be+动词的过去分词,由“Today, computers are really useful.”可知,句子是一般现在时态,主语是They,be用are。故选B。
78.C
【解析】句意:韩寒的书很受欢迎。它们被许多青少年阅读。
考查被动语态。主语“They”指韩寒的书,与动词read存在被动关系;再根据“are”判断时态为一般现在时,故此处用一般现在时的被动语态,结构为be done;主语为“They”,be动词用are,read的过去分词为read。故选C。
79.B
【解析】句意:李雷是和李先生有关系的那个男孩。
考查介词辨析。with和……一起,随着;to朝……,位于;on在……上(有表面接触);for为了……,因为……。本题考查固定搭配,be related to翻译为“和……有关”,故选B。
80.A
【解析】句意:中国新年被称为春节。人们经常吃饺子。
考查时态和语态辨析。根据“Chinese New Year ... the Spring Festival.”可知是被称为春节,用被动语态;此处表示一般事实,用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为am/is/are done。故选A。
81.D
【解析】句意:在瑞士,只养一条金鱼是不允许的,因为政府认为让这些群居动物独自生活是非常不好的。
考查动词词义辨析。stopped停止;doubted怀疑;refused拒绝;allowed允许。根据“it is very bad to make such social animals live alone.”可知,只养一条金鱼是不被允许的。故选D。
82.B
【解析】句意:每年这里周围都种很多树,现在我们可以享受更清新的空气了。
考查时态和语态。句子主语“A lot of trees”与plant“种植”构成被动关系,因此空处用被动语态be+done的结构,排除选项C和D;根据“every year”可知,时态是一般现在时,主语是复数,be动词用are,plant过去分词为planted。故选B。
83.C
【解析】句意:许多发明现在被世界各地都在使用。考查被动语态。A. using:现在分词;B. use使用,动词或名词;C. used过去分词或过去式;D. useful有用的,有益的,形容词。根据句意可知主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系(主语是动作的受动者),可知本句是一般现在时的被动语态,其构成are/is/am+动词的过去分词。结合句意可知填used;选C。
84.C
【解析】句意:给孩子任何他想要的东西通常被认为是错误的。
考查被动语态及宾语从句。consider认为,动词原形;considering现在分词;considered过去分词;with和……一起;what什么;whatever无论什么。根据句意可知,第一个空表示“被认为……”,应使用被动语态,故用过去分词;第二个空是whatever引导的宾语从句。故选C。
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