【弯道超车】Unit 4 The Earth 核心语法之many、much、a lot of 的用法及辨析-2025年沪教版(2024)新七年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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【弯道超车】Unit 4 The Earth 核心语法之many、much、a lot of 的用法及辨析-2025年沪教版(2024)新七年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025年沪教版(2024)新七年级英语上册精讲精练
Unit 4 The Earth
核心语法:many, much, a lot of的用法及辨析
一、 many (许多的)
用法: 修饰可数名词复数。
中文意思: “许多”
常用句式: 常用于疑问句和否定句。在肯定句中,更常用 a lot of。
例句:
Do you have many friends here (疑问句) 你在这里有很多朋友吗?
I don't have many books. (否定句) 我没有很多书。
Many students like playing basketball. (肯定句) 许多学生喜欢打篮球。(此用法也正确,但语气比a lot of更正式)
二、 much (许多的)
用法: 修饰不可数名词。
中文意思: “许多”
常用句式: 常用于疑问句和否定句。在肯定句中,更常用 a lot of。
例句:
Is there much water in the bottle (疑问句) 瓶子里有很多水吗?
I don't have much money. (否定句) 我没有很多钱。
He has much experience. (肯定句) 他有很多经验。(此用法正确,但非常正式,口语中常用a lot of)
三、 a lot of / lots of (许多的)
用法: 既可以修饰可数名词复数,也可以修饰不可数名词。lots of 比 a lot of 更口语化。
中文意思: “很多”、“大量的”
常用句式: 主要用于肯定句,可以替代 many 和 much,让句子听起来更自然。
例句:
She has a lot of / lots of toys. (修饰可数名词) 她有很多玩具。
There is a lot of / lots of milk in the glass. (修饰不可数名词) 杯子里有很多牛奶。
We have a lot of work to do. (修饰不可数名词) 我们有很多工作要做。
四、 总结与记忆口诀
1. 用法总结表格:
词汇 修饰的名词类型 主要用于哪种句式? 例句
many 可数名词复数 疑问句、否定句 How many apples do you want
much 不可数名词 疑问句、否定句 I don't have much time.
a lot of / lots of 可数 或 不可数名词 肯定句 He has a lot of friends. (可数)
There is lots of rain today. (不可数)
2. 记忆口诀:
“Many 数(可数),much 不可数,
肯定句里a lot of替两家。
疑问否定用回它,
名字是啥就用啥。”
(解释:在肯定句中,用a lot of代替many和much。在疑问句和否定句中,还是要根据名词用回many或much。)
五、 特别提示:How many... 和 How much...
1、How many + 可数名词复数? 询问数量(多少?)
How many people are there in your family 你家有几口人?
2、How much + 不可数名词? 询问数量(多少?)
How much juice do you want 你想要多少果汁?
3、How much 单独使用,询问价格(多少钱?)
How much is this book 这本书多少钱?
1.I don't have ______ bread in the house. But I have so ______ oranges.
A.many; many B.many; much C.much; many D.much; much
2. I have no time because I have ____ work to do and ____ books to read.
A.much; many B.many; much C.much; much D.much; many
3. Gina eats ____junk food,so she is ____fat.
A.too much;too many B.too much;much too
C.too many;many too D.many too;much too
4.—_________ eggs do we need, Mom And _________ butter
—Let me see. Three eggs and one spoon of butter.
A.how many; how much B.how many; how many C.how much; how many
5. Nancy and Linda are ____. They come from ____ .
A.Germans; Germany B.Germany; Germans C.Germany; German
6.—________ do you go to see a film
—Many times a year.
A.How often B.How long
C.How many D.How many times
7. I often go to bed late because I have ____ homework to do every day.
A.too much B.too many C.much too D.many too
8. Don't eat ____sweet food. It is bad for your teeth.
A.too many B.too much C.much too D.many too
9. I seldom eat sweets because sugar is in them.
A.many a B.much too C.too much D.too many
10.—Are all the students in your school from ________
—No. Only a small number of them ________.
A.Germany; are Germans B.German; is Germany
C.Germany; are Germen D.Germen; is Germany
11. — Are all the students from ____in your class?
— No,there are only three ____in our class.The others are from other countries.
A.German;German B.Germans;Germany
C.Germany;German D.Germany;Germans
12.________ yogurt and ________ spoons of honey do we need to make fruit salad
A.How much; how much B.How many; how many
C.How much; how many D.How many; how much
13.— Are the visitors all from ____
— No, there are only 5____ in the group.
A.Germany; Germen B.Germany; Germans
C.German; Germans D.German; Germany
14.— ________ are the strawberries
— 20 yuan a kilo. ________ strawberries would you like
A.How many; How many B.How much; How much C.How much; How many
15.He doesn't have ________ I do.
A.as many friend as B.as many as friends
C.so many friends as D.as many friends
16.— Look! There are so many bikes in this shop.
— They all look nice, but I'm interested in ________ of them.
A.all B.each C.none D.many
17.There are ________ rules at home and we have ________ homework.
A.too many; much too B.too much; too many C.too many; too much
18.Angela Merkel is a ________ and ________ is her motherland.
A.Germany; German B.Germans; Germany C.German; Germany
19. We don't have ____ milk in the fridge. Let's buy ____ bottles of milk.
A.many; little B.much; a few
C.many; few D.much; a little
20. There were____ people and____ noise in the park last Sunday.
A.many; much B.much; much C.much; many D.many; many
21. Look at the price, it's 999 yuan, that's ____ expensive.
A.too much B.too many C.much too D.so many
22._______ is the population of the city
A.How many B.What
C.How many people D.How much
23.Now our city is ________ beautiful than it was ten years ago.
A.much B.many C.many more D.much more
24. There are ____ people in the park on weekends.
A.too much B.much too C.too many D.many too
25.There's ________ ice in the north of China in winter.
A.too many B.many too C.much too D.too much
26.— Are the visitors all from _________
— No, there are only 5 ________ in the group.
A.Germany; Germany B.Germany; Germans C.German; Germans
27.—____ is the chicken
—The price is not the same, ______do you want
A.How many; How much B.How much; How many
C.How many; How many D.How much; how much
28.—________ sheep do you have ________ the farm
—Let me count. Oh, 12.
A.What kind of; on B.How many; on C.How many; in
29. This band is from ____. All the people in the band are ____.
A.Germany; Germen B.German; Germany
C.Germans; Germany D.Germany; Germans
30. He has ____ work to do today.
A.too many B.much too C.many too D.too much
31.________ cups of coffee do we need
A.How much B.How many C.How many of D.How much of
32.There is____food and____vegetables on the table.
A.too much;too many B.too much;too much
C.too many;too much D.too many;too many
33.—________ money should I pay (支付) you for the CD
—$12________ enough (足够).
A.How much; are B.How much; is C.How many; is D.How many; are
34. We have ____ subjects than Nancy's school.
A.many B.more C.most D.much
35. My school has ____ students than Sue's.
A.more B.many C.much D.most
36. Tomoya's school offers ____ safety programmes than Nancy's.
A.many B.more C.most D.much
37. The book is ____ useful than that one.
A.much B.more C.most D.many
38. Tomoya's school offers ____ safety programmes than most schools.
A.many B.more C.most D.much
39.Sandy reads ________ books. She learns ________ from them about the world.
A.a lot of; a lot B.lot of; a lot of
C.a lot; a lot D.lots of; a lot of
40. I have ____ friends and we often talk with each other ____ about our bobbies.
A.a lot; a lot
B.lot of; a lot of
C.a lot of a lot
41.I have ________ friends and we often talk with each other ________ about our hobbies.
A.a lot; a lot B.lot of; a lot of C.a lot of; a lot
42. — Do you like salad
— Yes, I like salad____.
A.a lot B.lots of C.a lot of D.a lots of
43.Peter has ________ books and he reads ________.
A.a lot of; a lot B.a lot; lots of
C.lots of; a lot of D.a lot of; lots of
44. —I ____ like playing tennis. What about you
—I like it ____.
A.don't; a lot B.doesn't; a lot
C.don't; a lot of D.doesn't; a lot of
45. I have ____ friends and we chat ____ with each other.
A.lots of; a lot of B.a lot; a lot of
C.lots of; a lot D.a lot; a lot
46.They have ________ fun in the park and take ________ photos there.
A.a lot; a lot of B.a lot of; much
C.much; lots of D.lots of; a lot
47.We don't have ________ homework at the weekend.
A.a lot B.lot of C.a lot of
48.For dinner, I always eat ________ fruit and vegetables.
A.a lots of B.lots of C.lot of D.a lot
49. There are always_____ flowers in the garden.
A.a lot B.lot of C.a lot of D.lots
50.—Do you eat ________ fruit and vege tables every day
—Yes, I like them ________.
A.a lot; a lot of B.a lot of; a lot
C.a lot of; a lot of D.a lot; a lot
参考答案及试题解析
1.C
2.A
【解析】句意:我没有时间,因为我有很多工作要做,还有很多书要读。much许多,修饰不可数名词;many许多,修饰可数名词复数。work工作,不可数名词,所以用much修饰;books书,可数名词复数,所以用many,故选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析,首先识记much和many区别,然后根据关键词work和books确定答案,理解句意。
3.B
【解析】句意:吉娜吃太多垃圾食品,所以她太胖了。A.too much太多(修饰不可数名词);too many太多(修饰可数名词);B.too much太多(不可数);much too太(修饰形容词/副词);C.too many太多(可数);many too错误搭配;D.many too错误搭配;much too太。根据句意可知,第一空指"太多垃圾食品",junk food是不可数名词,用too much;第二空fat是形容词,应用much too修饰。故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析。区分too much(修饰不可数名词)和much too(修饰形容词/副词)的用法。
4.A
5.A
【解析】句意:南希和琳达是德国人。她们来自德国。Germany德国,German德国人。德语,German 表示德国人时,复数形式为 Germans,第一空主语是两个人,指的是德国人,且表语用名词复数,第二空根据空前come from可知,指的是德国,故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析和可数名词复数。注意专有名词German和Germany的用法。
6.A
7.A
【解析】句意:我经常睡得很晚,因为我每天有太多的家庭作业要做。A: 太多,修饰不可数名词;B: 太多,修饰可数名词复数;C: 太,修饰形容词/副词;D: 错误形式。根据空格后不可数名词homework,可知应用形容词短语too much。故选A。
【点评】考查形容词。注意熟记 too much修饰不可数名词, too many修饰可数名词复数 。
8.B
【解析】句意:不要吃太多的甜食。它对你的牙齿不好。too many太多,修饰可数名词复数;too much太多,修饰不可数名词。much too太,修饰形容词或副词。many too表述错误。根据 空后面的sweet food(甜食)food为不可数名词,所以用too much修饰,故答案为B。
【点评】考查短语辨析。理解句意并掌握不同短语的意义和用法,识记too much修饰不可数名词的用法。
9.C
【解析】句意:我很少吃甜食,因为里面有太多糖。A.许多一个;B.太……;C.太多;D.太多。根据"I seldom eat sweets(我很少吃甜食)"结合常识可知,我不吃甜食是因为里面有太多糖,sugar糖,不可数名词,应用much来修饰,故选C。
【点评】考查形容词。掌握不同形容词的词义是解答此题的关键。
10.A
11.D
【解析】句意:——你们班所有学生都来自德国吗?——不,我们班只有三个德国人。其他人来自其他国家。A.German德国人;German德国人;B.Germans德国人(复数);Germany德国;C.Germany德国;German德国人;D.Germany德国;Germans德国人(复数)。第一空中,"be from"后接国家名Germany;第二空中,"three"后接可数名词复数Germans。故选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析。区分表示国家的Germany和表示国人的German(复数Germans)。
12.C
13.B
【解析】句意:—— 这些游客都来自德国吗?—— 不,这个团队里只有 5 个德国人。Germany 德国;Germen 错误形式;Germans 德国人(复数);German 德国人(单数)。结合语句 "Are the visitors all from… " 和 "No, there are only 5… in the group. " 可知,第一空表示 "来自某个国家",应用 "Germany"(德国);第二空表示 "5 个德国人","German" 的复数形式是 "Germans",符合语法规则和语境。其他选项中,A 的第二空形式错误;C、D 的第一空用词错误,均排除。故答案为 B。
【点评】考查名词的辨析和复数形式。解题关键在于区分 "Germany"(国家名)和 "German"(德国人),并掌握 "German" 的复数形式 "Germans",从而根据语境选择正确答案。
14.C
15.C
【解析】句意:他没有我那么多朋友。A.as many friend as(形式错误,friend应用复数);B.as many as friends(语序错误);C.so many friends as(和……一样多的朋友);D.as many friends(结构不完整,缺少as)。根据doesn't可知,句子是否定句。"as/so many+可数名词复数+as"表示"和……一样多的……",否定句中常用so,故选C。
【点评】考查同级比较辨析。掌握"as/so+many+可数名词复数+as"的结构,注意否定句中so的使用。
16.C
17.C
18.C
19.B
【解析】句意:冰箱里我们没有太多的牛奶了。让我们去买几瓶吧。many和much表示许多,many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词,milk是不可数名词,用much。little和few表示否定意义,a little和a few表达肯定意义,little和a little修饰不可数名词,few和a few修饰可数名词,bottle是可数名词,冰箱里没有牛奶了,应该是去买几瓶,a few符合题意,故选B。
【点评】考查不定代词。注意many和much,little和few的区别。
20.A
【解析】句意:上周日公园里人很多,噪音也很大。many许多,后加复数名词;much许多,后加不可数名词。根据空格后people,人们,复数名词,可知此处是指许多人,应用many修饰复数名词;根据空格后noise,噪音,不可数名词,可知此处应用much修饰不可数名词,故选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析,注意识记many修饰复数名词和much修饰不可数名词的用法,选出正确答案。
21.C
【解析】句意:看看这个价格,999元,太贵了。too much太多,修饰不可数名词;too many太多,修饰可数名词复数;much too太,修饰形容词;so many如此多,修饰可数名词复数。expensive昂贵的,形容词,应该用much too来修饰。故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析,首先识记短语区别,然后根据关键词expensive确定短语,理解句意。
22.B
23.D
24.C
【解析】句意:周末公园里的人太多了。A.too much,太多,修饰不可数名词;B.much too,太......,修饰形容词或副词;C.too many,太多,修饰可数名词复数;D.many too表达错误。根据空格后的单词people(人们)可知,此处为可数名词复数,应用too many修饰。故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意识记各短语的中文含义,结合语境选择最佳短语。
25.D
26.B
【解析】句意:——游客们来自德国吗?——不,在这个团体中只有五个德国人。Germany,德国;german,形容词,德国的,名词,德国人,复数形式为Germans。be from sp.来自某地,因此第一空用Germany;第二空所填词被基数词5修饰,要表示五个德国人,因此用Germans,故选B。
【点评】考查专有名词、词性辨析。识记German、Germany的词性、词义及用法。
27.D
【解析】句意:——这些鸡肉多少钱?——价格不一样。你想要多少?how many多少,提问可数名词的量;how much多少,多少钱,提问价格或不可数名词的量。第一空根据回答 The price is not the same. 可知,提问的是价格,用how much,第二空根据问句中的不可数名词chicken可知,询问不可数名词的量,用how much,故选D。
【点评】考查疑问副词。注意疑问副词how much和how many的区别。
28.B
29.D
【解析】句意:这个乐队来自德国。乐队里的所有人都是德国人。第一空:句子需要表示乐队来自的国家,国家名称需用专有名词 Germany"德国";第二空:句子需要表示乐队成员的国籍,需用名词复数形式。German是形容词"德国的"&名词"德国人/德语",Germans是"德国人"的复数名词,Germen是错误形式,故选D。
【点评】考查词义辨析,区分 Germany 和 German 的词性,含义和应用。
30.D
【解析】句意:他今天有很多工作要做。A太多,修饰名词复数,B太,修饰形容词,C错误形式,D太多,修饰不可数名词,work是不可数名词,故用too much修饰,故选D。
【点评】考查短语辨析,注意识记too much的用法。注意词汇之间的细微差别,如近义词、反义词、同义词等。
31.B
32.A
【解析】句意:在桌子上有太多食物和太多蔬菜。too much,太多,修饰不可数名词;too many,太多,修饰可数名词复数;food,不可数名词,食物,因此用too much修饰;vegetables,名词复数,蔬菜,用too many修饰;故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配、短语辨析。识记too much和too many的用法。
33.B
34.B
【解析】句意: 我们比南希的学校有更多的科目。A: many许多,修饰可数名词复数原级;B: more更多,many/much的比较级;C: most最多,many/much的最高级;D: much许多,修饰不可数名词原级。根据"than",可知此处需用比较级形式,而"subjects"为可数名词复数,需用"many"的比较级"more"修饰,故答案为:B。
【点评】考查形容词比较级。注意分可数名词用many/more修饰,不可数名词用much/more修饰。
35.A
【解析】句意: 我的学校比苏的学校有更多的学生。A: more更多的;B: many许多;C: much许多;D: most最多的。根据句中比较标志词"than",可知此处需用比较级形式,而"more"是"many/much"的比较级,故答案为:A。
【点评】考查形容词比较级。注意当句子中出现比较标志词than时,需使用对应的比较级形式。
36.B
【解析】句意: 汤本的学校比南希的学校提供更多的安全课程。A: many许多,修饰可数名词复数原级;B: more更多,many/much的比较级;C: most最多,many/much的最高级;D: much许多,修饰不可数名词原级。根据"than"可知用比较级。safety programmes是可数名词复数,需用many的比较级more修饰,故答案为:B。
【点评】考查形容词比较级。注意区分可数名词(用many/more)与不可数名词(用much/more)的修饰词。
37.B
38.B
39.A
40.C
【解析】句意:我有很多的朋友,我们经常就我们的爱好谈论很多。a lot of 很多,后面跟可数名词复数形式或不可数名词。a lot 很多,非常,修饰动词。根据题意,第一个空是修饰名词 friends,所以用a lot of ,第二个空是修饰动词talk,表示谈论的多,用a lot,故答案为C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。理解句意并掌握 a lot of 和 a lot 的含义和用法区别,根据题意选出正确答案。
41.C
42.A
【解析】句意:——你喜欢沙拉吗?——是的,我非常喜欢沙拉。A非常,B许多的,后面修饰名词;C大量的,修饰名词;D形式错误。like是动词,喜欢,a lot可以修饰动词,故选A。
【点评】考查固定搭配。注意识记a lot修饰动词的用法。
43.A
44.A
【解析】句意:——我不喜欢打网球。你呢?——我很喜欢它。don't助动词;doesn't助动词;a lot很、非常,修饰动词;a lot of许多,后需接名词。根据主语"I"(第一人称)以及I like it可知,句子时态为一般现在时,且动词是实义动词。应用助动词"don't"表否定,且空后无名词,用"a lot"修饰动词"like",故选A。
【点评】考查助动词及副词短语辨析。根据主语人称选择正确的助动词(I用don't),并区分"a lot(修饰动词,无宾语)"和"a lot of(修饰名词,需接宾语)"的用法。
45.C
【解析】句意:我有很多朋友,我们互相聊了很多。a lot of=lots of很多,后跟不可数名词或可数名词复数,a lot很多,修饰动词,形容词或副词,第一空空后是名词复数,第二空修饰动词短语,故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意理解短语意思,理解句意。
46.C
47.C
48.B
49.C
【解析】句意:在花园里总是有许多鲜花。A许多,修饰动词,B错误形式,C许多,修饰名词复数,D非常,副词,修饰动词,flowers是名词复数。需要用a lot of修饰,故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析,注意识记a lot of修饰名词复数的用法。
50.B
【解析】句意:——你每天吃很多水果和蔬菜吗?——是的,我非常喜欢它们。a lot很,非常,修饰动词,形容词或副词;a lot of很多,修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,第一空空后是不可数名词和可数名词复数,第二空修饰动词,故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析。注意分析a lot of和a lot的区别。
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