资源简介

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．sheet 　　　　 n．(冰或水等的)一大片；床单
2．frost n．霜
3．terrace n．梯田
4．steep adj.陡的，陡峭的
5．vapour n．蒸气
6．reef n．礁
7．organism n．生物，有机体
8．observatory n．天文台，观象台
9．basin n．盆地，低洼地
10．grand adj.宏伟的，壮丽的；极好的
11．canyon n．峡谷
12．waterfall n．瀑布
13．tunnel n．隧道
14．camel n．骆驼
15．green fingers 高超的种植技能
16．sunflower n．向日葵
17．rooftop n．屋顶
18．thistle n．蓟
19．herb n．(用于调味)香草
20．flavour n．味，味道
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．wrap v．包，裹
2．dynasty n．朝代
3．region n．地区，区域
4．therefore adv.因此，由此
5．soil n．土壤
6．shallow adj.浅的；肤浅的
7．crop n．庄稼，作物
8．replace v．以……替换，更换；把……放回原处
9．material n．材料
10．mineral n．矿物，矿产
11．barrier n．障碍，壁垒
12．structure n．结构，构造，组织
13．living adj.活的，活着的
14．valley n．谷，山谷
15．narrow adj.狭窄的；(心胸、视野等)狭隘的；勉强的
v．(使)变窄
16．platform n．高台，平台；讲台；站台
17．thunder v．打雷
n．雷；雷声
18．channel n．海峡；水渠；航道；途径，渠道；频道
vt.把(钱或精力)导向，贯注
19．desert n．沙漠，荒漠　
v．抛弃；遗弃
20．climate n．气候
21．inside adv.在(建筑物、房间)内
22．publish v．出版
23．expert adj.内行的，专家的
n．专家
24．branch n．树枝；分支机构
25．rent v．租用，租借
26．system n．系统；体制，制度
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．harmony n．融洽相处，和谐→harmonious adj.和谐的→harmoniously adv.和谐地
2．design v．& n．设计→designer n．设计师
3．harm v．& n．损害，伤害；危害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
4．agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的
5．priority n．优先处理的事，当务之急；优先权→prior adj.(只用于名词前)先前的；优先的
6．sail v．(乘船)航行→sailor n．水手→sailing n．帆船运动，乘帆船航行
7．limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的；无尽的→limitation n．限制，制约→limit vt.& n．限制，限定
8．benefit n．好处，益处 v．有益于；得益于→beneficial adj.有益处的
9．pleasant adj.令人愉快的→please v．使高兴；使满意→pleased adj.感到高兴的；感到满意的→pleasure n．愉快；满意
10．energy n．力量，活力；能源→energetic adj.有活力的；有精力的→energetically adv.有精力地
11．completion n．完成，结束→complete v．完成，结束 adj.完成的→completely adv.完全地，彻底地
12．prevent v．阻挡，防止→prevention n．预防；防止→preventive adj.预防(性)的，防备的
13．consumer n．消费者→consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗→consumption n．消费；消耗
14．beauty n．美，美丽→beautiful adj.美丽的→beautify vt.使美化
积累——构词法　学一法　会一类
1．前缀re-：replace是由前缀re-(回或向后)和place组成，可以理解为“把……放回……地方”；re-还有以下三个意思：(1) “再、重新、重复”，如：review“复习”，reunion“重聚”，restart“重新开始”等；(2)“相反、反对”，如：rebel“反叛”，resist“反抗”，reverse“反转”等；(3)“加强”，如：recommend“推荐”与commend同义，只是语气更强。
2．后缀-fy：意为“使成为、使……化”，常与元音i组合，如：satisfy，identify，horrify，simplify等。
(1)To recalculate results for particular start and stop times，you can specify a time range for a report.重新计算；重新估计
明确规定；具体说明
(2)The teenager pushed the play button again，ran the tape，pushed stop，pushed rewind.倒带(键)
(3)As far as I am concerned，it is rude of us to uglify others and we should treat others politely.丑化
(4)The Energy Department plans to solidify the deadly waste in a high-tech billion-dollar factory.使固体化
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．be home to是……的所在地；是……的家园
2．pass down流传；世代相传
3．prevent...from...阻止……；制止……
4．wash away冲走，冲掉
5．in harmony with与……和谐相处，与……协调一致
6．go to the trouble to do sth费心(费力)做某事
7．be famous for因……而出名
8．check out观察；核实；结账离开
9．pass through穿过……；通过……
10．provide...for 为……提供
11．reflect on/upon仔细考虑；回想，回顾
12．lead to引起，导致
13．turn...into...把……变成……
14．allow...to do允许……做……
15．be in doubt不肯定，不确定
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.(what引导主语从句；先行词为the way的定语从句)
但也许最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。
2．Today，the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together.(动名词的复合结构)
今天，成千上万的游客慕名前来龙脊梯田欣赏这由人与自然共同创造的壮丽奇观。
3．And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass，some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.(while引导让步状语从句；“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义)
虽然许多英国人认为除草是周日最棒的活动，但也有的人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。
4．Today，there are over 4,000 people in London waiting for such pieces of land.(there be＋n.＋doing)
现如今，伦敦有四千多人在等待租用这样的土地。
体验——析真题长句　知高考难度
(2024·新课标Ⅱ)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility，said Edmondson，adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers.
[句式分析]　此句是主从复合句。adding...writers是动词-ing形式作伴随状语，其中that引导的是宾语从句；walking through the Birthplace Garden是动词-ing形式作后置定语，修饰visitors。
[尝试翻译]　埃德蒙森说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度。他还说，走过出生地花园的游客常常会惊讶地发现这两位伟大作家之间的联系。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．frost n．霜
2．flavour n．味，味道
3．basin n．盆地，低洼地
4．waterfall n．瀑布
5．tunnel n．隧道
6．sheet n．(冰或水等的)一大片；床单
7．camel n．骆驼
8．sunflower n．向日葵
9．vapour n．蒸气
10．grand adj.宏伟的，壮丽的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共15分)
1．barrier n．障碍，壁垒
2．dynasty n．朝代
3．region n．地区，区域
4．shallow adj.浅的；肤浅的
5．material n．材料
6．system n．系统；制度
7．mineral n．矿物，矿产
8．structure n．结构，构造，组织
9．platform n．高台，平台；讲台；站台
10．publish v．出版
11．narrow adj.狭窄的；(心胸、视野等)狭隘的；勉强的v.(使)变窄
12．expert adj.内行的，专家的 n．专家
13．replace v．以……替换，更换；把……放回原处
14．branch n．树枝；分支机构
15．therefore adv.因此，由此
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2.5分，共15分)
1．completion n．完成，结束→complete v．完成，结束 adj.完成的→completely adv.完全地，彻底地
2．agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的
3．limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的；无尽的→limitation n．限制，制约→limit vt.& n．限制，限定
4．prevent v．阻挡，防止→prevention n．预防；防止→preventive adj.预防(性)的，防备的
5．consumer n．消费者→consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗→consumption n．消费；消耗
6．priority n．优先处理的事，当务之急；优先权→prior adj.(只用于名词前)先前的；优先的
Ⅳ.核心短语(每小题2.5分，共15分)
1．reflect on/upon仔细考虑；回想，回顾
2．pass down流传；世代相传
3．allow...to do允许……做……
4．go to the trouble to do sth费心(费力)做某事
5．check out观察；核实；结账离开
6．prevent...from...阻止……；制止……
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题2.5分，共20分)
1．The expert says the strange fruit is not harmful to our health.In other words，it is harmless(harm)．
2．The club is beneficial(benefit) to those who want to learn Chinese.Join it，and you will benefit a lot from it.
3．Those naughty children on the street are very energetic per day and they play energetically and it seems that they have infinite energy.(energy)
4．Pleased and excited，I learnt about the final pleasant result and nothing in the world could replace my pleasure.(please)
5．If everyone determines to live harmoniously with others，our society will become more harmonious.So I sincerely hope that we can live in harmony with each other.(harmony)
6．Henry Adams，a sailor，was eventually carried out to sea by a strong wind while sailing.(sail)
7．In the beautiful region，we should spare no effort to beautify our environment，because it is shared by all the human beings.(beauty)
8．The designer concentrated on designing a modern room，which is designed for local elderly men and women.(design)
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共25分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.没有什么课外活动比上周末去郊区的一处自然保护区的生态旅行更有益了。(否定词＋比较级) 2．微风轻拂我们的脸，我们一路与鸟鸣为伴。(动名词的复合结构) 3．有一些学生近距离观察独特的植物和动物。(There be＋n.＋doing) 4．尽管我们非常累，但我们不仅被回报了迷人的风景，而且还享受了人与自然的和谐。(while引导让步状语从句) 5．总而言之，最重要的是我们对待自然的方式——除了美好的记忆什么也没有带走，除了绿色的树木、清澈的水和干净的空气什么也没有留下。(what引导主语从句；先行词为the way的定语从句) 1.No after-class activity is more beneficial than an Eco-travel to a nature reserve in the suburbs last weekend.With the soft breeze brushing our faces，we were accompanied by 2.birds’/birds chirping all the way.Kept in its natural state，the reserve is home to a great diversity of living creatures.3.There were some students observing the unique plants and animals at close range.Meanwhile，others wandered aimlessly and leisurely in nature.4.While we were extremely exhausted/tired，not only have we been rewarded with fascinating scenery but also we have enjoyed the harmony between human beings and nature. All in all,5.what is the most significant is the way (that/in which) we treat nature—taking nothing away but our good memory and leaving nothing behind but green trees，clear water and clean air.
Nowadays，plastic pollution is becoming 1.increasingly(increase) serious，which not only does harm to the environment，sheets of water，soil and people’s health but also causes not pleasant but worrying changes to the climate.Therefore，the top priority is to take action 2.to prevent(prevent) people from polluting the environment.First of all，people should 3.be educated(educate) to live in harmony with nature.We should found some consulting platforms or channels 4.designed (design) to raise people’s consciousness of environmental 5.protection(protect)．Besides，to preserve limited resources，more recyclable materials or energy should be found to replace existing ones which should be deserted.Consumers should purchase the goods 6.that/which are less wrapped.Last but not least，experts with green fingers should publish some articles to teach farmers 7.how to grow organic crops which provide more minerals，flavour and nutrition.In this way，green 8.agricultural(agriculture) system in the region can be developed.The above measures will be of benefit 9.to creating a 10.more beautiful(beautiful) environment.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
design v．& n．设计(designer n．设计师)
·be designed for sth/sb为……而设计的 be designed to do sth为做……而设计的 ·by design＝on purpose故意地
(1)The secretary of the designer(design) lied to him by design，and therefore，he exploded with extreme anger.
(2)(2024·上海1月，书面表达)这个讲座是专门为那些对英国文学感兴趣的学生设计的，所以我写信告诉你两个可以立即引起他们兴趣的问题。
The lecture is specially designed for those students (who are) interested in English literature，so I am writing to inform you of two questions that can immediately attract their interest.
(3)(2023·上海6月，书面表达)我们学校将举办“快乐童年展”，旨在鼓励大家珍惜童年，用创造力追求梦想。
Our school will hold a Happy Childhood Exhibition (which/that is) designed to inspire everyone to cherish their childhood and pursue dreams with creativity.
harm v．& n．损害，伤害；危害(harmful adj.有害的 harmless adj.无害的)
·do sb/sth harm＝do harm to sb/sth对……有害 There is no harm in doing sth.＝It does no harm to do sth.做某事并无害处。 ·be harmful to...对……有害
(1)(2022·天津4月，书面表达)我很高兴收到你的电子邮件说你已经决定摆脱对你有害的电子游戏的瘾。
How delighted I am to receive your e-mail saying that you have determined to get rid of your addiction to video games which/that are harmful to/do harm to/harm you.
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我的老师给了我一个鼓励的微笑，说：“在我看来，参加写作比赛并没有什么坏处。”
My teacher cast me an encouraging smile，saying，“In my opinion，there is no harm in entering/it does no harm to enter a writing contest.”
limited adj.有限的(limit n．界限；限度 vt.限制；限定 limitless adj.无限的limitation n．限制，制约)
·set a limit to/on 限制…… beyond the limit超过限度 There is a/no limit to/on...……是有限的/无限的。 ·limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
(1)A man’s life is limited(limit)，but there is no limit to/on serving the people.
(2)Services and functions they offer are limitless(limit) to help plants grow noticeably.
(3)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)我建议，我们要远离网上的负面信息，并限制我们上网的时间。
I recommend that we should keep ourselves away from the negative information on the Internet and limit/set a limit to/on the time we spend online.
(4)(应用文写作之征文通知)你被要求把文章限制在800词以内。你的文章如果超过限度将不被录用。
You are required to limit your essay to 800 words.If your essay is beyond the limit，it will not be accepted.
benefit n．好处，益处 v．有益于；得益于(beneficial adj.有益处的)
·for the benefit of sb＝for sb’s benefit为了某人的利益 ·benefit sb/sth使某人或某物受益 benefit from/by...从……中受益/获益 ·be beneficial to...＝be of benefit to...对……有益；对……有利
(1)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)I advocate that we should prevent our oceans from being polluted for the benefit of human beings and we must live in harmony with oceans.
(2)(2022·北京，书面表达)毫无疑问，我们将受益于你精彩的关于英语写作的在线演讲，所以请接受我们诚挚的邀请。
There is no doubt that we will benefit from/by your wonderful online talk on English writing/your wonderful online talk on English writing will benefit/be beneficial/be of benefit to us，so please accept our sincere invitation.
pleasant adj.令人愉快的(please vt.使高兴；使满意 pleased adj.感到满意的；感到高兴的 pleasure n．愉快；满意)
be pleased to do sth高兴做某事；愿意做某事 be pleased with 因……高兴；对……满意
(1)The expert thinks it of great benefit to help those in trouble，from which he can gain great pleasure(please)．
(2)(2021·浙江1月，应用文写作)得知你们将要参观我校，我非常高兴。我深信你们会对我们专门为你们做的安排感到满意。预祝你们在我校参观愉快。
I am more than pleased to know that you will pay a visit to our school.I strongly believe that you will be pleased with the arrangements we have specially made for you.Wish you a pleasant visit in our school.
“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义　And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass，some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.虽然许多英国人认为除草是周日最棒的活动，但也有的人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。
含否定词的几种特殊结构： ·“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义，通常意为“没有比……更……的了；没有像……一样……的了”。此结构常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。 ·can/could＋never/not＋...enough/too...再……也不为过。
(1)(2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我下了出租车，和Gunter握了握手，感激地说：“我再怎么感谢你也不为过！”
I got off the taxi，shook hands with Gunter and remarked gratefully，“I can’t thank you enough/too much！”
(2)(读后续写之升华句)对我们来说，没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更重要的了。
To us，nothing is more important/significant than passing on kindness to those in trouble.
(3)(读后续写之心理描写)马克从未见过比这只狼更可怕的动物，因此他屏住呼吸，不敢动一下。
Mac had never seen a more frightening animal than this wolf，so he held his breath，not daring to make a movement.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．The scientist，who channeled① most of his energy into his career，changed TV channels② to watch his favorite adventure program，in which a courageous young man was swimming across the English Channel③.It was through this channel④ that the scientist released his tremendous pressure.
①vt.把(钱或精力等)导向，贯注　②n.频道　③n.海峡　④n.途径，渠道
2．Although it was a narrow① victory，only by five scores，I couldn’t contain my inner excitement.After the competition，I rode my bike along a narrow② path and had to narrow③ my eyes in the strong light of the sun，thinking that I should treat the world with a broad mind rather than a narrow④ mind from now on.
①adj.勉强的　②adj.狭窄的　③vt.使变窄　④adj.(心胸、视野等)狭隘的
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．What shocked us was that his action led to our team narrowly winning(win) the match.
2.After all，not only is plastic material harmful (harm) to the environment，but it also does harm to people’s health.
3．Without you，I wouldn’t have survived the earthquake.I can’t express my gratitude too much.
4．The government has given top priority(prior) to rebuilding these houses destroyed in the flood.
5．We must take a variety of measures to protect limited(limit) resources.
6．The suggestions the professor offers us are beneficial(benefit) to us.
7.Eventually，we found an amazing solution to building a harmonious(harmony) atmosphere in our class.
8．They determined to replace their old car with/by an expensive new sports car.
9．Unexpectedly，it rained cats and dogs，which completely ruined our pleasant(please) journey.
10．The passionate photographer braved the elements and nothing would prevent him from taking(take) photos.
2023·浙江1月 上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括： 1.活动的过程； 2.收获与感想。
完成句子
1．上周末，我们学校组织了“认识我们身边的植物”活动，旨在提高保护植物的意识。(design；过去分词短语作定语)
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2．由于我们对植物的了解有限，活动从上午8点当地植物学家的讲座开始，他向我们介绍了各种植物的不同特征。(limited；定语从句)
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3．9点，我们很高兴地在户外散步以观察和收集不同植物的样本。(be delighted to do)
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4．通过这次活动，所有学生一致认为我们再怎么强调植物在维持生态系统平衡方面所起的重要作用也不为过。(can’t...enough)
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5．我们从这次活动中获益良多，使我们意识到与自然和谐相处的重要性。(benefit；现在分词短语作状语)
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组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Getting to Know the Plants Around Us
Last weekend our school organized an activity “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” designed to raise the awareness of protecting the plants.
As a result of our limited knowledge about plants，the activity began with a lecture by a local botanist at 8 am，who taught us about the different characteristics of various plant species.Then at 9 we were delighted to take a walk outdoors to observe and collect samples of different plants.Through the activity，all the students agreed that we can’t stress the crucial role plants play in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem enough.We benefited a lot from the activity，enabling us to be aware of the importance of living in harmony with nature.
Overall，it was a pleasant，valuable and educational experience and therefore，I sincerely hope that such activities can be held again in the near future.
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　pleasant；energy
[动作描写]　wrap；prevent；design；harm；replace
[环境描写]　frost；steep；soil；shallow；vapour；beauty；grand；valley；narrow；waterfall；thunder；desert；climate
美句 1.Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water，shining in the spring sun.Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.During autumn，these same mountains are gold，and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost.These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.(景物描写) 2．Reaching as far as the eye can see，these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top.(景物描写)
拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：感激与感动
单词 appreciate vt.感激→appreciation n．感激　grateful/thankful adj.感激的；感谢的→gratefully/thankfully adv.感激地→gratitude/thanks n．感激；感谢　move/touch vt.使感动→moving/touching adj.令人感动的→moved/touched adj.感动的
词块 shed tears of gratitude 流下感激的泪水　be moved/touched to tears 感动得落泪　have a deep gratitude towards对……深怀感激　with gratitude/appreciation 感激地　owe sb a lot/a great deal 非常感激某人　be deeply moved/touched by 被……深深感动
句型 A warm feeling welled up/rose in her heart.(无灵主语句)一股暖流涌上她的心头。 With tears streaming down her face/With tears welling up in her eyes，she thanked him again and again with a lump in her throat.(with复合结构)她泪流满面/热泪盈眶，哽咽着一遍又一遍地感谢他。 Deeply moved/touched/affected by what he had done，I felt tears rolling down without control.(过去分词短语作状语)他的所作所为深深打动了我，我的眼泪不受控制地滚落下来。 A feeling of warmth sweeping over Peter on the cold day，he began to believe there was kindness in every corner.(独立主格)寒冷的天气里，一种温暖的感觉席卷了彼得，他开始相信善意无处不在。 It was because he risked his life to save me that I shed tears of gratitude.(强调句型) 正是因为他冒着生命危险救了我，我流下了感激的眼泪。
语料运用　遇险获救
With mountains wrapped in mist，we headed off，enjoying the surrounding beauty，but storms moved in fast，interrupting our pleasant morning trip.The wind picked up and thunder rolled.My husband stopped fishing to start the motor，but in vain.①It was at that time that a generous fisherman managed to help us(强调句型) back to the harbor and ②a warm feeling welled up in our hearts(无灵主语句)．③Deeply moved/touched/affected by what he had done(过去分词短语作状语)，I thanked him again and again with a lump in my throat，④ with tears rolling down without control(with的复合结构)．My husband held his hand，saying with gratitude，“⑤We can’t thank you enough/too much.”
群山笼罩在薄雾中，我们出发了，欣赏着周围的美景，但暴风雨来得很快，打断了我们愉快的早行。起风了，雷声隆隆。我丈夫停止钓鱼去发动马达，但没有用。就在那个时候，一位慷慨的渔夫设法帮助我们回到了港口，一股暖流涌上我们的心头。他所做的一切深深打动了我，我一次又一次地感谢他，喉咙哽咽，眼泪不由自主地滚落下来。我丈夫握着他的手，感激地说：“我们再怎么感谢您都不为过。”
单元主题组合练
[62.5分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Sri Nihal Tammana，age 13，of Edison，New Jersey，was named a winner of the 2022 Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes.The Barron Prize annually ①honors 25 outstanding young leaders who have made a significant positive impact on people，their communities，and the environment.
Nihal founded Recycle My Battery to promote and facilitate the recycling of used batteries.His nonprofit places free battery recycling bins(箱子) and educates young people and adults about battery recycling.In just three years he has built a team of more than 250 student volunteers across the globe who have recycled nearly 200,000 batteries and educated millions of people.Nihal learned at age 10 that 15 billion batteries are thrown away each year and that most end up in landfills(垃圾填埋地) where they pollute groundwater，harm the ecosystem，and can cause ②catastrophic fires.Inspired to tackle the problem，he began collecting used batteries from his community.He put them in free recycling bins at chain stores until he was told he was bringing too many and had to stop.
Undeterred，he reached out for help from Call2Recycle，the largest battery recycling nonprofit in North America.Call2Recycle agreed to assist and provided recycling bins for free，which were placed in schools，libraries，and other public places.Nihal’s organization now operates across the U．S.and is expanding to other countries including Canada，Switzerland，and India.“Earth gives us so much—oxygen，food，water—everything! So it’s important that we give something back when we can，” says Nihal.
The Barron Prize was founded in 2001 by author T．A.Barron.“Nothing is more inspiring than stories about heroic people who have truly made a difference to the world，” says T．A.Barron.“And we need our heroes today more than ever.Not celebrities，but heroes—people whose character can inspire us all.That is the purpose of the Barron Prize：to ③shine the spotlight on these amazing young people so that their stories will inspire others.”
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Gloria Barron Prize得主Sri Nihal Tammana保护地球免受废旧电池污染的励志故事。
1．What does Recycle My Battery intend to do
A．Protect the earth from used batteries.
B．Promote used batteries across the globe.
C．Make money by collecting used batteries.
D．Stop people throwing used batteries away.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Nihal founded Recycle My Battery to promote and facilitate the recycling of used batteries.”和“Nihal learned at age 10...they pollute groundwater，harm the ecosystem，and can cause catastrophic fires.”可知，Recycle My Battery旨在保护地球免受废旧电池的污染，故选A。
2．What does the underlined word “Undeterred” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Undiscouraged. B．Unprepared.
C．Unsurprised. D．Uninterested.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。第二段末句“He put them in free recycling bins at chain stores until he was told he was bringing too many and had to stop.”提到他被要求停止将废旧电池放到商店的免费回收箱，结合画线词后文“he reached out for help from Call2Recycle”可知，他向Call2Recycle寻求帮助，说明他没有气馁，故undeterred意为“没有气馁的”，故选A。
3．How did Call2Recycle help Nihal’s organization
A．By making it go global.
B．By offering free recycling bins.
C．By providing financial support.
D．By buying more used batteries.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Call2Recycle agreed to assist and provided recycling bins for free，which were placed in schools，libraries，and other public places.”可知，Call2Recycle通过提供免费的回收箱来帮助Nihal的组织，故选B。
4．What is the text mainly about
A．The importance of recycling batteries.
B．The impact of batteries on the environment.
C．The achievements of the Barron Prize winners.
D．The inspiring story of a young environmentalist.
答案　D
解析　主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes得主Sri Nihal Tammana保护地球免受废旧电池污染的励志故事，D项“一位年轻环保主义者的励志故事”能够总结文章大意，故选D。
语境猜词 ①honor(转)n.→v.给……以荣誉 ②catastrophic(派)＝catastroph(e)＋ic adj.灾难性的 ③shine the spotlight on使焦点投向
B
(2024·浙江金华二模)
Sometimes we only appreciate something when we realize we may lose it.That is the story of the Everglades.A shallow slow-moving river，the Everglades once covered about 18,000 square miles of southern Florida.Until the 1900s，few people lived in the grassy wetlands.Not much was understood about the unique balance of nature that existed there.Plants，creatures，and water had formed a remarkable ecosystem.
By the early 1900s，Florida’s pleasant winters attracted more people.Visitors became new permanent residents.They built homes and roads.The conditions looked good for farming，so the newcomers planted large agricultural crops.But South Florida’s cycle of flooding was a problem.To address that，developers attempted to drain(排水) the land.They also built structures to control water levels and flow.
Those changes made it easier for more people to live year-round in South Florida.However，they also disturbed life in the Everglades，which depends on freshwater regularly refilling the land.The area’s growing human population needed freshwater.And large farms consumed large quantities of freshwater.By the mid-1900s，water levels in southern Florida began to go down.Lack of freshwater wasn’t the only problem.As more and more land was developed for people and farms，the Everglades’ historic boundaries ①contracted.Loss of habitat and hunting threatened the survival of native species in the Everglades.
Some people hoped that the government’s recognition might save the Everglades.They fought for it.Everglades National Park was established in 1947.It became the first park in the United States created for its biodiversity.
Now，Everglades National Park protects 1.5 million acres along the southern tip of Florida.An amazing variety of creatures live there.About 360 different species of birds have been sighted in the park.Nearly 300 different species of fish have been identified.About 40 species of mammals and 50 species of reptiles inhabit the park.Nature still ②rules in the Everglades，a place worth understanding，appreciating，and protecting.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类是如何伤害和拯救大沼泽地的。
5．What was the Everglades like before the 1900s
A．Naturally wild.
B．Partly explored.
C．Completely lifeless.
D．Thickly populated.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Until the 1900s，few people lived in the grassy wetlands.Not much was understood about the unique balance of nature that existed there.”可知，大沼泽地在20世纪以前是自然野生的状态。故选A。
6．What problem did new residents cause for the Everglades
A．A cycle of flooding.
B．Pollution of freshwater.
C．Possible extinction of native species.
D．The extension of historic boundaries.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Loss of habitat and hunting threatened the survival of native species in the Everglades.”可知，新居民给大沼泽地带来的问题是本地物种有灭绝的可能性。故选C。
7．Why are the figures mentioned in the last paragraph
A．To attract visitors to the park.
B．To stress the great power of nature.
C．To call for more efforts to protect nature.
D．To show the successful conservation of the park.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now，Everglades National Park protects 1.5 million acres...About 360 different species of birds have been sighted...Nearly 300 different species of fish have been identified.About 40 species of mammals and 50 species of reptiles inhabit the park.”可推知，最后一段的数字表明了公园在物种保护方面取得的成功。故选D。
8．What is the text mainly about
A．How people adapted to life in the Everglades.
B．How Everglades National Park was established.
C．How humans harmed and saved the Everglades.
D．How the ecosystem of the Everglades was formed.
答案　C
解析　主旨大意题。根据后四段内容可知，文章主要介绍了人类是如何伤害和拯救大沼泽地的。故选C。
语境猜词 ①contract(熟义：n.合同) 生义(文义)：v.缩小 ②rule(转)n.→v.统治；控制
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
A recent study suggests that groundwater is an answer to water shortages in African countries south of the Sahara Desert.This finding could help millions of people in an area which is expected to be strongly affected by climate change.
WaterAid，an international nonprofit group，and the British Geological Survey (BGS)，a British government organization，carried out the research. 1
The report released in March said underground water could help develop agriculture in the area.Additional water resources could help farming in an area where only three to five percent of agricultural land is irrigated(灌溉)．For example，BGS information shows Senegal has an aquifer(地下水层) that has been kept ①in good condition by years of rainfall. 2 Experts say it is hard to find scientists who are ②trained at finding underground water.
3 When a well in the village began to dry up in 2021，the government dug another one.That well started to dry up，too.Then the town ③raised US $5,000 to dig a new well last year.But that well also failed.The most dependable aquifers can be 400 meters underground. 4 Building a well that deep costs about US $20,000.
“We can’t drink enough to satisfy our thirst，” said Oumou Drame.She is 40 years old and a mother of five.“We don’t sleep at night. 5 From very early in the morning until now we are looking for water，” said Drame.
A．Tata Bathily is a village in northern Senegal.
B．But getting to the water is difficult and costly.
C．We leave our children at home to fetch water.
D．That is ten times deeper than the wells in Tata Bathily.
E．Improvements in the existing water supply may take time.
F．Many people think the hot weather is partly to blame for the water shortage.
G．They found that underground water could deal with at least five years of drought.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现地下水资源有望帮助非洲地区应对水危机。
1．答案　G
解析　上文提到两个组织开展了此项研究，本句应承接上文说明他们的发现。故G选项“他们发现地下水可以应对至少五年的干旱”符合语境，故选G。
2．答案　B
解析　根据下文“Experts say it is hard to find scientists who are trained at finding underground water”可知，很难找到受过寻找地下水训练的科学家，说明要获得地下水很困难，故B选项“但是获得这种(地下)水既困难又费钱”符合语境，故选B。
3．答案　A
解析　根据下文“When a well in the village began to dry up in 2021，the government dug another one.”可知，下文提到了一个村庄，A选项“Tata Bathily是塞内加尔北部的一个村庄”引起下文，且呼应上文中塞内加尔的例子，符合语境，故选A。
4．答案　D
解析　上文“The most dependable aquifers can be 400 meters underground.”提到了最可靠的含水层的深度，下文指出建这样深的井花费巨大，D选项“这比Tata Bathily的井深十倍”承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
5．答案　C
解析　根据上文“We don’t sleep at night.”可知，本句主要说明Drame一家为了获得水所付出的努力。故C选项“我们把孩子留在家里去打水”符合语境，故选C。
语境猜词 ①in good condition状况良好 ②train(熟义：n.火车) 生义(文义)：v.训练；培养 ③raise(熟义：v.增加) 生义(文义)：v.筹款
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
Elmer Whitaker sighed as he looked over his ①muddy crops.A terrible 1 had swept through his farm the night before，and his crops were now covered in 2 and destroyed.His neighbor，a kind young man named Thomas， 3 to offer his help.
“What a disaster，” Whitaker said.“My whole family has always survived on the harvests of this field.I feel 4 and don’t know what to do now.”
Thomas calmed him down and thought for a moment.“I see this not as a disaster but as an 5 ，” he said.Whitaker looked at him 6 .“How can it be？” he asked.Thomas smiled 7 ，“Now you have a chance to try something new.You’ve always grown beans and cabbages.Why not try planting 8 crops that will also fit in this soil You can diversify and therefore 9 your farm once again.”
Elmer Whitaker considered this.Thomas was right—he had become set in his ways.This disaster could push him to make his farm 10 and sustainable in a new way.“You have 11 me，” Whitaker said.He clapped Thomas on the back，“Thank you for showing me the opportunity in this difficulty.”
And so Whitaker 12 new crops and soon，the farm was full of life again.Farmers from neighboring towns were 13 with the wonder of Whitaker’s fields，and they began to 14 their crops as well.Elmer Whitaker’s farm has become a 15 of ②adaptability and hope，telling everyone that in every storm，there is a chance for new growth.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Elmer Whitaker在农场受灾后开始多样化种植作物，他的农场已经成为适应力和希望的象征，告诉每个人，在每一次风暴中都有新的成长机会。
1．A.force B．smoke
C．war D．storm
答案　D
解析　force武力；smoke烟雾；war战争；storm风暴，暴风雨。根据最后一段中的“in every storm，there is a chance for new growth”可知，一场可怕的风暴席卷了他的农场。故选D。
2．A.mud B．grass
C．mist D．dust
答案　A
解析　mud泥浆；grass 草；mist雾；dust灰尘。根据前文的“he looked over his muddy crops”可知，Whitaker看着沾满泥浆的庄稼，所以他的庄稼现在被泥浆覆盖。故选A。
3．A.went on B．set off
C．came by D．burst in
答案　C
解析　go on继续；set off出发；come by过来；burst in破门而入。根据前文的“his crops were now covered in _________ and destroyed”和后文“to offer his help”可知，他的庄稼被摧毁了，所以一个名叫Thomas的善良的年轻人过来帮忙。故选C。
4．A.special B．desperate
C．sensitive D．tireless
答案　B
解析　special特殊的；desperate绝望的；sensitive敏感的；tireless不知疲倦的。根据前文的“his crops were now covered in________and destroyed”和“My whole family has always survived on the harvests of this field.”可知，他的庄稼被摧毁了，而他的全家一直靠这片田地的收成生存，所以他感到绝望。故选B。
5．A.opportunity B．agreement
C．intention D．element
答案　A
解析　opportunity机会；agreement协议；intention意图；element要素。根据后文的“Now you have a chance to try something new.”可知，现在他有机会尝试新事物，所以Thomas认为这不是灾难，而是机会。故选A。
6．A.as usual B．in disbelief
C．on purpose D．with pride
答案　B
解析　as usual和往常一样；in disbelief难以置信地；on purpose故意地；with pride骄傲地。根据后文的“How can it be？”可知，Whitaker认为这不可能，所以难以置信地看着Thomas。故选B。
7．A.innocently B．gratefully
C．politely D．cheerfully
答案　D
解析　innocently无辜地；gratefully感激地；politely礼貌地；cheerfully高兴地。根据前文的“smiled”和后文“Now you have a chance to try something new.”可知，Thomas认为现在Whitaker有机会尝试新事物了，所以高兴地笑着说。故选D。
8．A.major B．traditional
C．different D．natural
答案　C
解析　major主要的；traditional传统的；different不同的；natural自然的。根据后文的“You can diversify”可知，Thomas建议Whitaker多样化种植，即种植不同的作物。故选C。
9．A.restore B．exchange
C．donate D．abandon
答案　A
解析　restore恢复；exchange交换；donate捐赠；abandon放弃。根据前文的“and his crops were now covered in ________and destroyed”和后文“your farm once again”可知，Whitaker的庄稼被摧毁了，所以此处指尝试种植适合这种土壤的不同作物，从而再次恢复农场。故选A。
10．A.formal B．diverse
C．realistic D．obvious
答案　B
解析　formal正式的；diverse多样的；realistic现实的；obvious明显的。根据前文的“You can diversify”和“Thomas was right”可知，Thomas建议Whitaker多样化种植，Whitaker认为Thomas是对的，这场灾难可以推动他使农场多样化。故选B。
11．A.informed B．demanded
C．enlightened D．promised
答案　C
解析　inform通知；demand需要；enlighten启发；promise许诺。根据后文的“Thank you for showing me the opportunity in this difficulty.”可知，Whitaker感谢Thomas向他展示了这个机会，所以Whitaker认为Thomas启发了自己。故选C。
12．A.tasted B．planted
C．shared D．received
答案　B
解析　taste品尝；plant种植；share共享；receive收到。根据后文的“soon，the farm was full of life again”可知，农场很快又充满了生机，可推知Whitaker种上了新作物。故选B。
13．A.careful B．troubled
C．familiar D．impressed
答案　D
解析　careful小心的；troubled忧虑的；familiar熟悉的；impressed印象深刻的。根据后文的“and they began to ________ their crops as well”可知，邻近城镇的农民对Whitaker的田地的奇迹印象深刻，并且开始效仿他的做法。故选D。
14．A.diversify B．remove
C．deliver D．observe
答案　A
解析　diversify使多样化；remove去除；deliver交付；observe观察。根据前文的“You can diversify”“Thomas was right”和后文“as well”可知，Whitaker种上了多种作物，邻近城镇的农民也开始多样化种植。故选A。
15．A.manner B．dream
C．symbol D．cause
答案　C
解析　manner方式；dream梦想；symbol象征；cause原因。根据后文的“of adaptability and hope，telling everyone that in every storm，there is a chance for new growth”可知，Elmer Whitaker的农场已经成为适应力和希望的象征。故选C。
语境猜词 ①muddy(派)＝mud＋d＋y adj.沾满泥浆的，多泥的 ②adaptability(派)＝adapt＋ability n．适应力
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·广东湛江二模)
No structure is as symbolically significant or 1.____________(cultural) important to China as the Great Wall.Architectural 2.____________(engineer) are part of a huge project to repair this centuries-old structure.
Jiankou 3.____________(believe) to be one of the most rugged ①stretches of the relic.Some of the most dangerous work includes laborers hanging from ②towering heights.With ropes tied around 4.____________(they) waists，repair workers spread cement on the wall’s steep sides，while others hold the ropes for support.5.____________(survive) a fall from the steep sides would be unlikely.A laborer explains 6.____________ he risks his life to make repairs to the ancient structure，saying that it is an honor to be part of such a great cause，and it is very 7.____________(meaning) to do so.
Getting supplies to this part of the wall is also a demanding effort.Because the path is so steep，donkeys and mules must be used to transport bricks,8.____________ can weigh as much as 150 kg each.The repair team goes to great lengths 9.____________(keep) the principle of minimal intervention.“We have to stick 10.____________ the original format，the original material and the original ③craftsmanship，so that we can better preserve the historical and cultural values，” said Cheng Yongmao，the engineer leading Jiankou’s restoration work.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。对中国来说，没有一座建筑像长城那样具有象征意义或文化意义。本文主要介绍了关于长城最崎岖的部分之一——箭扣长城的修复项目。
1．答案　culturally
解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，此处修饰形容词，所以要用副词。故填culturally。
2．答案　engineers
解析　考查名词复数。根据空后的are可知，此处的名词要用复数形式。故填engineers。
3．答案　is believed
解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，believe与主语Jiankou之间是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态；根据句意和下文动词的时态可知，本句要用一般现在时；主语是单数，be动词用is。故填is believed。
4．答案　their
解析　考查代词。分析句子可知，此处修饰名词，所以要用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
5．答案　Surviving
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处作主语，所以要用动名词。位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Surviving。
6．答案　why
解析　考查名词性从句。分析句子可知，本句是宾语从句；根据saying that...to do so可知，句子用来说明原因，所以此处要用why。故填why。
7．答案　meaningful
解析　考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处要用形容词作表语。故填meaningful。
8．答案　which
解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以此处用which。故填which。
9．答案　to keep
解析　考查非谓语动词。go to great lengths to do sth 意为“竭尽全力做某事”。故填to keep。
10．答案　to
解析　考查介词。stick to sth 意为“坚持某事”。故填to。
语境猜词 ①stretch(熟义：v.伸展) 生义(文义)：n.一段；一片 ②towering(派)＝tower＋ing adj.高耸的 ③craftsmanship(派)＝craftsman＋ship n．技艺注：下面单词意思后的表示该词的熟词生义。
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．pine 　　　　 n．松树
2．pineapple n．菠萝
3．ham n．火腿
4．eggplant n．茄子
5．sculpt v．雕刻，雕塑
6．sculpture n．雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品
7．seasick adj.晕船的
8．airsick adj.晕机的
9．carsick adj.晕车的
10．capitalized adj.大写的
11．highway n．公路
12．motorway n．高速公路
13．gas n．汽油；气体
14．petrol n．汽油
15．elevator n．电梯，升降机
16．context n．上下文，语境
17．forum n．(因特网上的)论坛，讨论区
18．misadventure n．事故，灾难
19．frog n．蛙，青蛙
20．boot n．靴子
21．wicked adj.缺德的，邪恶的；很棒的，极好的
22．odd adj.奇特的，古怪的；偶尔发生的；(一双或一套中)不成对的
23．error n．错误，谬误
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．title n．题目，标题；冠军；称号
vt.加标题于
2．homesick adj.想家的
3．unique adj.独一无二的，独特的
4．type n．类型，种类
v．打字
5．contact v．联系；联络
n．联系；接触
6．organization n．组织，团体，机构
7．likely adj.可能的，可能发生的 adv.可能
8．subway n．地铁
9．apartment n．一套住房，公寓套房
10．flat n．一套住房，公寓套房 adj.平坦的；扁平的；(车胎)无气的
11．resource n．资料，(教学)资源
12．rather adv.相当，颇
13．comment n．& v．评论
14．throat n．喉咙，咽喉
15．downtown adj.在城镇中心区的，在闹市区的
adv.在市中心，往市中心
16．section n．区域；部分；节
17．exit n．出口
18．actually adv.事实上，实际上
19．downstairs adv.在楼下
20．negative adj.消极的，负面的
21．positive adj.好的，积极的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．behavior n．举止，行为→behave v．表现
2．creativity n．创造性，创造力→creative adj.创造(性)的→create v．创造→creatively adv.创造(性)地
3．remind v．提醒，使想起→reminder n．引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物
4．entrance n．大门(口)，入口(处)→enter v．进入；参加；登记→entry n．进入；入围作品
5．base v．以……为基础 n．基础；根基；基地→basis n．基础→basic adj.基本的，基础的→basically adv.基本上，大体上
6．reflect vt.反射(光，热，声等)；显示，反映；映出；反思，回想→reflection n．反映；反射；映像；反思
7．addition n．增加(物)，添加(物)→add vt.增加；补充说→additional adj.额外的→additionally adv.另外，此外
8．intend v．计划，打算→intention n．计划，打算；目的，意图→intended adj.打算的；计划的；为……打算(或设计的)
9．recognise v．认出，辨认出；承认，公认；意识到；表扬，表彰→recognition n．认识；识别；承认；认可
10．opposing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的→oppose vt.反对→opposed adj.反对的→opposite adj.对面的；相反的 n．反面，对立面prep.在……对面→opposition n．反对
11．confusing adj.令人困惑的→confuse v．使困惑→confused adj.(感到)困惑的→confusion n．混乱；困惑
12．alarm vt.使惊恐，使担心 n．恐慌；警报；警报器；闹钟→alarmed adj.害怕的→alarming adj.惊人的；使人惊恐的
13．visible adj.看得见的，可见的→invisible adj.看不见的
14．informal adj.(书写或言谈)非正式的→formal adj.正式的→formally adv.正式地
15．unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的，不了解的→familiar adj.熟悉的→familiarize vt.使了解，使熟悉
16．aware adj.意识到的；明白的→unaware adj.未意识到的；不明白的→awareness n．意识；认识
积累——构词法　学一法　会一类
1．形容词后缀-ing/-ed：以后缀-ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人的情感或状态，如：excited，frightened，interested，delighted，moved等；以后缀-ing结尾的形容词多用来修饰事物，表示某事物能令人产生某种情绪，如：exciting，frightening，interesting，moving等。
注意：修饰名词look/expression(表情)时，用后缀-ed，如a shocked look(震惊的表情)。
2．否定前缀in-/un-，意为“不，非”，如：correct→incorrect，dependent→independent，lucky→unlucky，necessary→unnecessary等。
(1)So shocked were we that we didn’t believe the shocking news was true.(shock)
(2)My failure in the entrance examination made me quite unhappy(happy) and tears rolled down my face without control.
(3)The English teacher has gone all out to stimulate inactive(active) students and at the moment they are more active than before.
(4)Honestly speaking，the tiring job made me completely tired and I slid into my bed the moment I arrived at my home.(tire)
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．burn up/down烧毁，烧尽
2．wind up 给(机械)上发条； 使(活动、会议等)结束
3．come across偶然发现
4．have a frog in one’s throat (尤因喉咙痛)说话困难
5．be aware of意识到，察觉到
6．in one’s free time 在某人闲暇时
7．have trouble doing sth做……有困难
8．fill in/out a form填表
9．play safe求稳；谨慎
10．speak of谈到；说到
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.(部分倒装)
Pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)，也没有apple(苹果)。
2．That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible.(why引导表语从句)
那就是为什么stars are out(星星出现了)时，我们能看到星星，而当lights are out(灯光熄灭)时，我们却看不到灯光。
3．It is impossible to know the meaning of every word，but knowing about word formation can help us guess their meanings.(动名词短语作主语)
知道每个单词的意思是不可能的，但是了解构词法可以帮助我们猜测它们的意思。
4．Here are some of our favourites，to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！(全部倒装)
以下是我们最喜欢的几篇，它们让我们意识到，有些在课堂上学到的英语和在课堂之外使用的英语真是太不一样了！
5．I found it very odd.(find＋宾语＋宾补)
我觉得这很奇怪。
体验——析真题长句　知高考难度
(2024·新课标Ⅰ)According to this theory，people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media，which are often not so serious，and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print.
[句式分析]　本句是主从复合句。形容词短语suited to social media作后置定语修饰mindset；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词social media；and连接主句中并列的谓语approach和devote。
[尝试翻译]　根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体(通常不那么严肃)的思维方式处理数字文本，并且投入比阅读纸质印刷品时更少的脑力。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．eggplant n．茄子
2．error n．错误，谬误
3．capitalized adj.大写的
4．sculpture n．雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品
5．motorway n．高速公路
6．pineapple n．菠萝
7．odd adj.奇特的，古怪的；偶尔发生的；(一双或一套中)不成对的
8．context n．上下文，语境
9．misadventure n．事故，灾难
10．forum n．(因特网上的)论坛，讨论区
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共18分)
1．title n．题目，标题；冠军；称号 vt.加标题于
2．downstairs adv.在楼下
3．unique adj.独一无二的，独特的
4．contact v．联系；联络 n．联系；接触
5．homesick adj.想家的
6．organization n．组织，团体，机构
7．actually adv.事实上，实际上
8．resource n．资料，(教学)资源
9．comment n．& v．评论
10．positive adj.好的，积极的
11．downtown adj.在城镇中心区的，在闹市区的adv.在市中心，往市中心
12．negative adj.消极的，负面的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分)
1．remind v．提醒，使想起→reminder n．引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物
2．addition n．增加(物)，添加(物)→add vt.增加；补充说→additional adj.额外的→additionally adv.另外，此外
3．opposing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的→oppose vt.反对→opposed adj.反对的→opposite adj.对面的；相反的 n．反面，对立面→opposition n．反对
4．visible adj.看得见的，可见的→invisible adj.看不见的
5．informal adj.(书写或言谈)非正式的→formal adj.正式的→formally adv.正式地
6．unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的，不了解的→familiar adj.熟悉的→familiarize vt.使了解，使熟悉
Ⅳ.核心短语(每小题2分，共16分)
1．burn up/down烧毁，烧尽
2．wind up 给(机械)上发条；使(活动、会议等)结束
3．come across偶然发现
4．be aware of意识到，察觉到
5．in one’s free time 在某人闲暇时
6．have trouble doing sth做……有困难
7．fill in/out a form填表
8．speak of谈到；说到
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题2分，共20分)
1．This exchange student has good behavior and he never behaves badly in his class.(behave)
2．At 8 pm I carried a small lantern and walked around the river.The light was reflected in the river and the reflection looked so beautiful.(reflect)
3．They confused me by asking various confusing questions，so I was totally confused，standing there in confusion and not knowing what to do.(confuse)
4．From my point of view，a creative artist should have creativity and imagination which can help him (to) create works creatively.(create)
5．I am aware that the organization intends to raise people’s awareness(aware) of eating a healthy diet.
6．The party was specially intended for my former deskmate，but it was obvious that she didn’t appreciate my good intention.(intend)
7．I volunteered at the entrance to the museum，where many people were waiting in line to enter the museum.(enter)
8．We didn’t recognise him at the exit of the subway because he had changed beyond recognition over the years.(recognise)
9．The report based on those figures shows that more basic facilities are in demand.Basically，there is a lot we can do to help.(base)
10．When an old man sounded the alarm at 10 o’clock sharp，the alarming whistle made many people alarmed.(alarm)
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共24分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.以下是我们可以从钻研英语经典中获得的好处。(全部倒装) 2．首先，阅读英语文学作品不仅能提高我们的语言技能，还能开阔我们的视野。(动名词短语作主语) 3．我们都应该探索英语文学，通过它，我们会发现自己被文字的美丽所吸引，文学的力量也可以丰富和改变我们的生活。(find＋宾语＋宾补) 4．这就是为什么我呼吁我们每个人都要欣赏英语文学作品。(That is why...) Dear schoolmates， As the president of our English Reading Club，I find it regretful that English literature is always gathering dust on the shelf，left unexplored. 1．Here are the benefits we can gain from delving into English classics.First and foremost,2.reading English literature can not only improve our language skills but also widen our view.Equally important is that it introduces us to diverse cultures and ideas，thus stimulating creativity and empathy. We all should explore English literature，through which 3.we will find ourselves attracted by the beauty of words，and the power of literature can also enrich and transform our lives.4.That is why I appeal to/call on each of us to appreciate English literary works. English Reading Club
Actually it is recognised that parents should be aware of their children’s 1.alarming(alarm) behavior earlier,2.which is reflected by some small or odd things，and they must take proper measures 3.based(base) on specific situations.Firstly，parents should handle the problems they come across in creative ways because after all，every child is unique.In addition,4.what parents should do is make positive instead of negative or opposing comments on 5.their(they) good behavior.Thirdly，try to find out children’s 6.strengths(strength)，such as creativity and politeness.Even if they make some errors，they mustn’t 7.be criticised(criticise) immediately.Fourthly，if it is rather difficult for parents to know what 8.to do(do) next，they can contact educational organizations or forums which are intended to solve teenagers’ confusing problems.9.It is likely that the experienced experts will offer parents all types of practical resources to help them.Last but not least，to get relaxed，parents can go downstairs on foot rather than by elevator.They can go downtown by subway to relax instead of staying at their apartments or flats all day long.It is also recommended that they enjoy wonderful sculptures sculpted by famous sculptors with their children.Here I remind parents that they must be patient when municating(communicate) with their children.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
opposing adj.(观点、意见等)相反的，相对立的(oppose vt.反对opposed adj.反对的opposite adj.对面的；相反的 n．反面，对立面prep.在……对面opposition n．反对)
·oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反对某人做某事 ·be opposed to (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
(1)(应用文写作之口头通知)请注意！我们明天上午9点将在公园的入口处集合，就在城市博物馆对面。
Attention，please! We are to gather at the entrance to the park at 9 am tomorrow，just opposite the city museum.
(2)(2024·上海6月，书面表达)得知你的父母反对你烹饪，我写信给你一些关于如何消除他们反对的建议。
Learning that your parents oppose your/you cooking，I am writing to offer you some proposals on how to get rid of/remove their opposition.
(3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)对于即将到来的口语练习的分组，大多数学生反对将他们随机结对。
As for the grouping for the upcoming oral practice，a majority of students oppose/are opposed to randomly pairing them up.
contact vt.联系；联络 n．联系；接触
·contact sb at...通过(邮箱、电话等)与某人联系 ·get in/make contact with和……取得联系 stay/keep in contact with与……保持联系 be out of/lose contact with与……失去联系
(1)Honestly speaking，those who I keep in contact with all hold a positive rather than negative attitude to life.
(2)(读后续写之片段描写)出乎意料的是，一个月前我和我的同桌取得了联系，我和他失去联系已经十年了。我们俩紧紧地拥抱在一起，流下了高兴的眼泪，说我们再也不会失去联系了。
Unexpectedly，I got in/made contact with my deskmate a month ago，with whom I had been out of contact for ten years.Both of us hugged each other tightly and shed tears of joy，saying that we would never lose contact with each other once again.
(3)(2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我向Gunter保证我一回来就通过他的电话号码联系他，我向他露出歉意的微笑，然后疯狂地跑向末班车。
Promising that I would contact him at his phone number the moment I returned，I flashed Gunter an apologetic smile and then made a mad run for the last bus.
remind vt.提醒，使想起(reminder n．引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物)
remind sb of/about sth提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事 remind sb to do sth提醒某人做某事 remind sb that...提醒某人……
(1)Take the note as a reminder(remind) in case your behavior annoys your Chinese hosts.
(2)(话题写作之环境保护)“Earth Hour”活动于2007年首次在悉尼举办，旨在提醒人们全球变暖的影响，呼吁人们保护环境。
First hosted in Sydney in 2007，Earth Hour is intended to remind people of/about the influence of global warming and call on people to preserve the environment.
(3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)颁奖典礼结束后，我冲进老师的办公室，兴奋地说：“谢谢您提醒我在交文章之前要注意格式和语气。”
After the award presentation，I raced into my teacher’s office，saying excitedly，“Thanks for reminding me that I should pay attention to/reminding me to pay attention to the format and tone before handing in my essay.”
intend v．计划，打算[intention n．计划，打算；目的，意图intended adj.打算的；计划的；为……打算(或设计)的]
·intend doing/to do sth打算做某事，计划做某事 intend sb to do sth打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth(＝intended to have done sth)本打算做某事(但事实上没做) ·with the intention of抱有……的目的；打算…… ·be intended for专门为……准备/打算；专为……而设计 be intended to do sth打算做某事
(1)Actually，our head teacher intends us to take(take) part in the activity that reflects Chinese ancient art.
(2)(应用文写作之道歉信)上周末我本来打算陪你去书店的，但是发生了意想不到的事情。所以我写信是打算向你表达我的歉意。另外，我打算邀请你参加本周六下午3点的专为高中生举办的中国画展，不知道你是否能接受。
I had intended to accompany/I intended to have accompanied you to the bookstore last weekend but something unexpected happened.So I’m writing with the intention of expressing my apology to you.In addition，I intend inviting/intend to invite you to a Chinese painting exhibition (which/that is) intended for senior high students at 3 pm this Saturday and I wonder if you can accept it.
(3)(2023·北京，书面表达)得知你要组织一次社团活动——绿色北京，旨在提高人们的环保意识，我写信给你提供一些实用的建议。
Aware that you are to organize a club activity—Green Beijing (that/which is) intended to raise people’s environmental awareness/consciousness，I am writing to provide you with some practical tips.
recognise v．认出，辨认出；承认，公认；意识到；表扬，表彰(recognition n．认识；识别；承认；认可)
·recognise sb/sth as/to be...承认……是……；把……看作…… be recognised as/to be...被公认为…… It is (widely) recognised that...人们公认…… ·beyond/out of recognition认不出来
(1)Decades passing，the amazing ancient castle has gone beyond recognition(recognise) for lack of proper preservation.
(2)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)最近，在线学习已被年轻人认为是一种重要的学习方式。
The young have recognised online learning as/to be an important way to study/Online learning has been recognised as/to be an important way to study by the young recently.
(3)(2024·全国甲，书面表达)人们公认，中国的交通经历了显著的变化，使中国人可以方便地使用不同的出行方式。
It is widely recognised that Chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations，giving Chinese people easy access to different means of travelling.
base v．以……为基础 n．基础；根基；基地(basis n．基础 basic adj.基本的，基础的 basically adv.基本上，大体上)
·base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上 be based on/upon以……为根据/基础 ·on the basis of在……的基础上 on a daily/regular basis每天/定期
(1)I must remind you that you should base an important decision more on/upon reason than emotion；otherwise，you would regret it sooner or later.
(2)(应用文写作之告知信)我写信告知你一些基本的餐桌礼仪。基于中国的传统风俗，你应该让长者先用餐。
I am writing to inform you of some basic table manners.On the basis of/Based on/Based upon traditional Chinese customs，you should let the elderly eat first.
(3)(话题写作之体育活动)队员们每天放学之后都需要接受训练，并且被提供机会定期去观看乒乓球赛。
Team members need to receive training after school on a daily basis and they are also offered opportunities to watch table tennis matches on a regular basis.
aware adj.意识到的；明白的(unaware adj.未意识到的；不明白的awareness n．意识；认识)
·be/become aware of sth/that...知道/明白/意识到…… ·arouse/improve/raise/strengthen one’s awareness of...唤起/提高/增强某人……的意识
(1)Unaware(aware) of what happened，I ran downstairs curiously to figure out what people were up to.
(2)(应用文写作之倡议书)我呼吁政府发起更多的环保运动以唤起人们过低碳生活的意识。
I appeal to the government to launch more environment-friendly campaigns to arouse people’s awareness of living a low-carbon life.
(3)(读后续写之紧张心理描写)意识到所有人都在盯着我，我是如此紧张以至于浑身冒汗。
Aware of all the people’s staring at me/Aware that all the people were staring at me，so nervous was I that I was sweating all over.(形容词短语作状语)
come across 偶然发现
come about发生(无被动形式) come on加油；开始；出场；得了吧 come out出版；结果是；(花)开放 come up走近；即将发生；被提出 come up with提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等) when it comes to...当谈及/涉及……
用come短语的正确形式填空
(应用文写作之建议信)When it comes to English learning，I have the following practical suggestions to share.Firstly，when you come across unfamiliar words，don’t always refer to the dictionary.Besides，when teachers’ questions come up in class，you should try to come up with answers.Lastly，if you fail，you must say to yourself encouragingly，“Come on！”All in all，whatever comes about，it will come out that you can make progress in English with determination.
neither...nor...　Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.
Pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)，也没有apple(苹果)。
此句中的neither...nor...“既不……也不……”常用来连接两个平行结构。 ·neither...nor...连接两个主语时，句子谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。 ·neither...nor...连接两个并列的分句且置于句首时，因neither和nor都是否定意义的词，前后两个分句都要用倒装语序。 ·“neither/nor＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语”表示“另外一个人/物也不……”。
(1)Lately neither I nor he has downloaded(download) relevant learning resources from this Internet forum.
(2)As a matter of fact，he didn’t put forward a creative solution to the confusing problem and neither did(do) I.
(3)(2023·上海1月，书面表达)大多数学生对口语课上要讨论的话题不感兴趣，也没有足够的信心用英语表达自己。
Neither are most students interested in the topics to be discussed in the oral class nor do they have enough confidence to express themselves in English.
用法点拨　遵循“就近原则”的还有：either...or...，not only...but also...，not...but...，...or...，there be句型等。
This/That is why...　 That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible.那就是为什么stars are out(星星出现了)时，我们能看到星星，而当lights are out(灯光熄灭)时，我们却看不到灯光。
·This/That is why...这/那就是……的原因。 ·This/That is because...这/那是因为…… ·The reason why...is that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句)
(2024·浙江1月，应用文写作)跳绳有助于燃烧卡路里、增强肌肉、减轻学习压力。这就是为什么我把它推荐给我的同学。
(1)Rope skipping helps to burn calories，strengthen muscles as well as relieve academic pressure.This is why I recommend it to my fellow students.
(2)I recommend rope skipping to my fellow students.This is because it helps to burn calories，strengthen muscles as well as relieve academic pressure.
(3)The reason why I recommend rope skipping to my fellow students is that it helps to burn calories，strengthen muscles as well as relieve academic pressure.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
1．The hard-working athlete won the Olympic title① in Paris and in her spare time，she often reads a book titled② Who’s Who in the World and watches a movie with the title③ of Forrest Gump.It is because of her great efforts that she is awarded the title④ of “Star Athlete of the Week”．
①n.冠军　②vt.加标题于　③n.题目，标题　④n.称号
2．My alarm① clock went off at five and I suddenly saw the smoke rising from the kitchen，which alarmed② me so much that I screamed.Then I sounded the alarm③.
①n.闹钟　②vt.使惊恐，使担心　③n.警报
3．Seeing the trees that are reflected① in the lake，he reflected② that if he had chosen a topic that reflected③ Chinese cultures，he would have got a higher score.
①vt.映出　②vt.反思，回想　③vt.显示，反映
4．I hardly recognised① him the moment I met him accidentally on the street.Later I remembered that he was once recognised② as the most hard-working worker and was recognised③ for his hard work in the yearly conference.He made us recognise④ the importance of diligence.
①vt.认出，辨认出　②vt.承认，公认　③vt.表扬，表彰　④vt.意识到
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Neither he nor I am(be) able to make sense of what the girl has said，which makes her a little disappointed.
2．At the entrance to the gym，our teacher patiently informed us of what we should pay attention to when working out.
3．The moment they caught sight of me，they set about making nice comments on/about me.
4．In a bookstore，it is very easy to find a book intended(intend) for senior high students.
5．Her description of the problem made all her colleagues，the boss in particular，confused(confuse)．
6．Additionally(addition)，he graduated from a key university，so I hold the strong belief that he is at an advantage.
7．From my point of view，he is likely to take(take) an online photography course.
8．I figure that you shouldn’t be opposed(oppose) to your former teacher in public.
9．You were awarded a beautiful prize because you always behaved yourself(you) in front of others.
10．Now that you are unfamiliar with this district，I volunteer to show you around.
(2022·全国乙)学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．学习活动状况描述； 2．简单评论； 3．你的建议。
完成句子
1．根据上面的图表，我们可以很容易地看出，选择听英语歌曲和看英语电影的学生比例分别为65%和50%。(base；过去分词作状语；定语从句)
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2．在我看来，阅读被认为是学习英语最有益的方法。(recognise)
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3．不幸的是，学生既没有自律性，也没有养成良好的阅读习惯。(“neither...nor...”引起的倒装)
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4．这就是他们很容易沉迷于网上聊天或玩电脑游戏的原因。(This is why...)
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5．只有当我们意识到阅读的重要性时，我们才能专心致志地读书。(aware；“only＋状语”放在句首引起的倒装)
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组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
Nowadays，with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers，an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways.
Based on the above chart，we can easily see that the percentages of students who choose to listen to English songs and to watch English movies are respectively 65% and 50%.However，those choosing to read English books and to visit English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%.
From my point of view，reading is recognised to be the most beneficial way to learn English.Unfortunately，neither do students have self-discipline nor have they formed a good reading habit.This is why they are easily addicted to chatting online or playing computer games.Only when we are aware of the importance of reading can we apply ourselves to it.In addition，it’s also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen their guidance.
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　homesick；opposing；confusing；alarm
[人物描写]　creative→creativity；unfamiliar；wicked；odd；negative；positive；aware
美句 1.If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”，why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing pair？If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions，why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same？(反问句；排比句) 2．You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down，in which you fill in a form by filling it out，and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off！(排比句)
拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：恐惧、惊恐(二)
单词 afraid adj.害怕的；恐惧的　speechless adj.(因气愤、震惊、惊讶等)说不出话的，无语的　run away/flee 逃跑　choke/suffocate v．窒息　shrink/cower vi.退缩；畏缩　quiver vi.轻微颤动　shiver n．& vi.颤抖；哆嗦　uneasy adj.不安的；担忧的→uneasiness n．不安；担忧　horror n．恐怖；惊恐→horrible adj.可怕的；恐怖的
词块 be scared out of one’s wits 吓得魂不附体　be dead with fright 吓得要死　full of/filled with horror 充满恐惧　send a chill down/up sb’s spine 令某人脊背发凉；令某人毛骨悚然　freeze with fear/terror/fright/horror 吓呆　knees knock with fright 因恐惧而双膝颤抖　knees feel weak 双膝发软　palms sweat 手心冒汗　in a cold sweat 一身冷汗　sweat with fear 吓得直冒汗　one’s throat tightens 某人的喉咙发紧　be overwhelmed by horror 非常恐惧　make one’s blood run cold 令某人不寒而栗
句型 He was rooted to the spot.他呆住了，一动不动。 A slight feeling of fear slowly crept up on him.(无灵主语句)他慢慢感到一丝恐惧。 Fear swallowed her.她非常惊恐。 A wave of panic swept over her.(无灵主语句)一阵惊恐袭上她的心头。 At the sight of the fierce wolf，so scared did I feel that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak.(倒装句)看到那只凶猛的狼，我感到非常害怕，喉咙发紧，双膝发软。 She sweated with fear，standing there tongue-tied.她吓得冒汗，站在那里说不出话来。 Her eyes were wide with terror.她惊恐地睁大了眼睛。 Her breath came in short gasps，and her heart was pounding so hard as if it were about to burst out of her chest.(夸张手法)她急促地喘着气，心脏怦怦直跳，就像要从胸腔里跳出来一样。
语料运用　与狼对峙
When the wicked wolf came up，hardly could you imagine how alarmed we were.The horrible situation did scare us，①sending a chill down our spines(现在分词短语作状语)．②Extremely frightened/alarmed(形容词短语作状语)，I felt my legs quivering and my palms sweating.Beside me was my son，③whose heart was pounding so hard as if it were about to burst out of his chest(非限制性定语从句)．Seeing the wolf’s bloody mouth，he was nearly dead with fright，standing there tongue-tied.④A wave of panic crept up on/swept over us(无灵主语句)．⑤So afraid did we feel that our throats tightened and our knees felt weak(倒装句)．
当那只邪恶的狼出现时，你很难想象我们是多么恐慌。这骇人的情形的确吓到了我们，让我们感到脊背发凉。我极度害怕，感到我的腿在颤抖，手掌在冒汗。我旁边是我的儿子，他的心怦怦直跳，好像要从胸腔里跳出来似的。看到狼血淋淋的嘴巴，他几乎要吓死了，站在那里说不出话来。一阵恐慌席卷了我们。我们感到如此害怕以至于我们的喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。
单元主题组合练
[62.5分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
When learning a foreign language，most people ①fall back on traditional methods：reading，writing，listening and repeating.But if you also ②gesture with your arms while studying，you can remember the vocabulary better，even months later.Linking a word to brain areas responsible for movement strengthens the memory of its meaning.This is the recent finding of neuroscientist Mathias and his colleagues.
As Mathias’ team describes in the Journal of Neuroscience，they had 22 German-speaking adults learn a total of 90 invented artificial words (such as “lamube” for “camera，” and “atesi” for “thought”) over four days.While the test subjects first heard the new vocabulary，they were shown a video of a person making a gesture that matched the meaning of the word at the same time.When the word was repeated，the subjects performed the gesture themselves.
Five months later，they were asked to translate the vocabulary they had learned into German in multiple-choice test.At the same time，they had equipment attached to their heads that sent weak distracting signals to their primary motor cortex—the brain area that controls voluntary arm movements.When these signals were active，the subjects found it harder to recall the words accompanied by gestures.When the equipment sent no distracting signals (but still appeared to the subjects to be active)，they found it easier to remember the words.The researchers concluded that the motor cortex contributed to the translation of the vocabulary learned with gestures.This applied to concrete words，such as “camera”，as well as abstract ones，such as “thought”．
The study indicates that the adult brain uses motor areas to remember foreign-language words.“I think we under-use gesture in our classrooms，” Mathias says.“People use it ③subconsciously，if they’re good teachers and good listeners，but we don’t necessarily bring it into the class if we don’t think about it—and it could be used more often and more effectively.”
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述研究者通过实验发现当人们学习词汇时，通过手势进行辅助学习可以更好地记住词汇的意思。
1．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part “invented artificial words” in paragraph 2
A．Technical terms.
B．Newly discovered symbols.
C．Words referring to the latest inventions.
D．Random combination of letters with assigned meanings.
答案　D
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线部分后面的“such as ‘lamube’ for ‘camera，’and ‘atesi’ for ‘thought’”可知，“发明的人造单词”指的是“具有指定含义的字母的随机组合”，故选D。
2．Why was equipment attached to subjects’ heads during the test
A．To count words.
B．To record emotion.
C．To influence brain activity.
D．To give clues to questions.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“At the same time，they had equipment attached to their heads that sent weak distracting signals to their primary motor cortex—the brain area that controls voluntary arm movements.”可知，在受试者头部安装设备是为了影响大脑活动，故选C。
3．What does Mathias think of the current use of gestures in classrooms
A．Irregular. B．Overestimated.
C．Misleading. D．Inadequate.
答案　D
解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段中“‘I think we under-use gesture in our classrooms，’ Mathias says.”可知，Mathias认为目前课堂上没有充分运用手势。故选D。
4．In which section of a magazine may this text appear
A．Fashion. B．Lifestyle.
C．Mind & Brain. D．Health & Exercise.
答案　C
解析　文章出处题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Linking a word to brain areas responsible for movement strengthens the memory of its meaning.This is the recent finding of neuroscientist Mathias and his colleagues.”可知，文章主要讲述研究者通过实验发现当人们学习词汇时，将单词与大脑中负责运动的区域联系起来可以更好地记住词汇的意思。故本文应是出自杂志中的“思维和大脑”部分，故选C。
语境猜词 ①fall back on求助于；借助于；依靠 ②gesture(转)n.→v.做手势 ③subconsciously(派)＝sub＋conscious＋ly adv.潜意识地
B
(2025·浙江湖丽衢适应性考试)
Babies as young as 4 months old who are born into a bilingual(双语的) environment show distinct and potentially ①advantageous brain patterns for speech processing.Our early-life experiences can have lifelong effects on our behavior.The brain is most sensitive to its environment during the first year of life，which is thought to be a critical period for language development.
Previous studies have looked into the brain mechanisms that underlie(构成……的基础) speech processing in babies who hear just one language.To better understand this in bilingual-exposed infants，Borja Blanco at the University of Cambridge and his colleagues compared how 31 babies who only heard Spanish and 26 babies who heard Spanish and Basque，all aged 4 months，responded to Spanish recordings of The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry.
The team used an imaging technique called ②functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure changes in brain activities.In the Spanish-only babies，the recordings caused activation in areas that play a role in speech processing.In the bilingual-exposed babies，the recordings similarly evoked these responses，but they were larger and wider.These infants also had activation in equivalent areas of their brains’ right hemispheres(脑半球)．When the recordings were then played backwards as a control arm of the experiment，the infants exposed to just Spanish had larger responses to the backwards speech，while those to Spanish and Basque had similar brain patterns as before.This may be because the bilingual infants take longer to register their primary language，in this case Spanish，as hearing both this and Basque reduces their ③overall exposure to either language.
If this is the case，it could help them be sensitive to linguistic differences and enable them to learn to distinguish between languages at a younger age.The researchers note that a bilingual environment stimulates changes in the brain mechanisms underlying speech processing in young infants，adding weight to the idea that the neural basis of learning two or more languages is established very early in life.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。剑桥大学的一项研究表明，双语环境会刺激婴儿大脑语言处理机制的变化，这进一步证实了学习两种或两种以上语言的神经基础在生命早期就已经建立起来的观点。文章对这项研究进行了介绍。
5．Why was the study conducted
A．To reveal the impact of bilingual exposure.
B．To confirm the pattern of brain mechanism.
C．To conclude the factors for speech processing.
D．To explore the potentials for language development.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“Previous studies have looked into the brain mechanisms that underlie(构成……的基础) speech processing in babies who hear just one language.To better understand this in bilingual-exposed infants...”可知，之所以进行这项研究是为了揭示双语环境对婴儿大脑机制的影响。故选A。
6．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Theory basis.
B．Study methods.
C．Research findings.
D．Technical assistance.
答案　C
解析　段落大意题。根据第三段第二句至倒数第二句可知，第三段主要是介绍这项研究的发现。故选C。
7．What can we learn from the research
A．Bilingual-exposed babies are more critical.
B．Bilingual-exposed babies are more linguistically sensitive.
C．Bilingual-exposure reduces babies’ linguistic competence.
D．Bilingual-exposure reduces babies’ overall language exposure.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“If this is the case，it could help them be sensitive to linguistic differences and enable them to learn to distinguish between languages at a younger age.”可知，双语环境下的婴儿对语言差异更敏感。故选B。
8．Which of the following statements might the researchers agree with
A．Immigrants speak better languages.
B．Mixed race families own more linguistic potential.
C．Exchange students show greater learning capability.
D．Overseas workers have higher language proficiency.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“The researchers note that a bilingual environment stimulates changes in the brain mechanisms underlying speech processing in young infants，adding weight to the idea that the neural basis of learning two or more languages is established very early in life.”可知，研究人员指出，学习两种或两种以上语言的神经基础在生命早期就已经建立起来了，由此可推知，研究人员可能会认同“混血家庭拥有更多的语言潜力”这个观点。故选B。
语境猜词 ①advantageous(派)＝advantage＋ous adj.有利的；有好处的 ②functional(派)＝function＋al adj.功能的 ③overall(合)＝over＋all adj.全面的；总体的
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Now we are living in a world where digital distractions(干扰) seem everywhere.Finding ①inventive ways to arrest your children’s attention without relying on screens is a parenting challenge. 1 Trying the following tips can help you keep your children away from the digital world and immerse(沉浸在) them in a world of creative exploration and meaningful connections.
2 Your backyard can be transformed into a magical place where they can discover hidden treasures，observe insects and create nature-inspired art.Organise a treasure hunt with themed clues，stimulating their curiosity and turning the backyard into a canvas for their imaginative adventures.
Turn your kitchen into a busy cooking laboratory. 3 Involve them in ②age-appropriate cooking or baking activities，developing a love for experimenting with ingredients and learning valuable cooking skills.From decorating cookies to preparing simple，kid-friendly meals，the kitchen becomes a space for creativity and shared family experiences.
Transform a comfortable corner of your home into a storytelling place.You children will immerse themselves in the world of books by creating a collection of their favourites. 4 This not only cultivates(培养) a love for literature but also enhances their communication skills and imagination.
Revive the joy of traditional board games and card games during family game nights.You can transform your living room into a place of laughter and friendly competition.Games can vary from classics like Monopoly and Scrabble to modern strategy games. 5
A．Tailor the activities to their interests.
B．But it is a rewarding adventure as well.
C．Step into the great outdoors with your little explorers.
D．Your little ones can put on their chef hats and aprons there.
E．These hands-on activities provide an insight into scientific principles.
F．They can also make DIY models，bringing their favourite characters to life.
G．These activities provide not only entertainment but also opportunities for bonding.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种不依靠屏幕就能吸引孩子注意力的创新方法。
1．答案　B
解析　根据上文“Finding inventive ways to arrest your children’s attention without relying on screens is a parenting challenge.”和下文“Trying the following tips can help you keep your children away from the digital world and immerse(沉浸在) them in a world of creative exploration and meaningful connections.”可知，设空处与上文为转折关系，应说明其益处。故B项“但这也是一次有益的冒险”符合语境，且引出下文介绍的方法。故选B。
2．答案　C
解析　根据下文“Your backyard can be transformed into a magical place where they can discover hidden treasures，observe insects and create nature-inspired art.”可知，本段主要告诉我们要和孩子一起去户外。故C项“和你的小探险家一起走进美妙的户外”切题，适合作为本段的小标题。故选C。
3．答案　D
解析　根据上文“Turn your kitchen into a busy cooking laboratory.”可知，设空处承接上文说明你的孩子可以在厨房里做什么。故D选项“你的孩子们可以在那里穿上厨师帽和围裙”切题。故选D。
4．答案　F
解析　根据上文“Transform a comfortable corner of your home into a storytelling place.You children will immerse themselves in the world of books by creating a collection of their favourites.”和下文“This not only cultivates(培养) a love for literature but also enhances their communication skills and imagination.”可知，设空处与上文为并列关系，继续说明在角落里还可以做什么。故F选项“他们还可以DIY模型，使他们最喜欢的人物鲜活起来”切题。故选F。
5．答案　G
解析　根据上文“You can transform your living room into a place of laughter and friendly competition.Games can vary from classics like Monopoly and Scrabble to modern strategy games.”可知，设空处承接上文说明这些活动的意义。故G选项“这些活动不仅提供娱乐，也提供了建立纽带的机会”切题。故选G。
语境猜词 ①inventive(派)＝invent＋ive adj.有创意的，有新意的 ②age-appropriate(合)＝age＋appropriate adj.适龄的
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·江苏苏北七市二模)
Juliette and I knew each other seven years ago through the foreign exchange organised by our schools.We started as pen friends—the 1 ink and paper kind.The letters introduced us to each other and a new 2 .
When we eventually met 3 ，I felt like we were already friends.I wanted to be able to speak to her in her native language as 4 as I do in English.It gives me a 5 for learning French.
I stayed with her family in Laval. 6 her school helped me ①grasp French.I remember how 7 I felt on the few occasions I knew the answers to questions during classes.I also remember 8 a police officer in French after my passport had been stolen.The passport was found，and I gained new 9 in my ability to solve problems in French.
Although we speak 10 on the social media now，I’ve kept all of our letters.They are the 11 ②representation of our friendship and language learning.
I was pleased to hear that the French exchange at my old school is still 12 and now has 100 students involved.Apps and online courses are the latest 13 ，making pen pals and post 14 .But we shouldn’t ignore this unique method of 15 languages.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了和笔友Juliette的书信交流以及自己学习法语的过程。
1．A.expensive B．old-fashioned
C．creative D．long-lost
答案　B
解析　expensive昂贵的；old-fashioned过时的，老式的；creative有创造力的；long-lost很久不见的，杳无音信的。根据上文“Juliette and I knew each other seven years ago”和下文“Although we speak ________ on the social media now，I’ve kept all of our letters.”可知，作者和Juliette七年前用的是纸和墨写信交流，与现在的社交媒体相比，那是一种过时的方式。故选B。
2．A.language B．friend
C．lifestyle D．hobby
答案　A
解析　language语言；friend朋友；lifestyle生活方式；hobby业余爱好。根据下文“Although we speak ________ on the social media now，I’ve kept all of our letters.They are the ________ representation of our friendship and language learning.”可知，这些信代表着作者与Juliette的友谊和两人的语言学习；language是原词复现。故选A。
3．A.at random B．at hand
C．in person D．in turn
答案　C
解析　at random随机地；at hand近在手边，在附近；in person亲自；in turn反过来。根据句中“met”可知，两个人见面了；meet in person“会面”。故选C。
4．A.openly B．sharply
C．briefly D．easily
答案　D
解析　openly公开地；sharply严厉地；briefly简短地；easily容易地。根据句中“speak to her in her native language”和状语从句“as I do in English”可知，作者希望自己能用Juliette的母语和她交谈，像自己说英文一样容易。故选D。
5．A.choice B．reason
C．reward D．credit
答案　B
解析　choice选择；reason原因，理由；reward奖励；credit信用。根据上文可知，作者希望自己能像说英文一样用Juliette的母语和Juliette交谈。这是作者学习法语的原因。故选B。
6．A.Assessing B．Leaving
C．Attending D．Building
答案　C
解析　assess评价；leave离开；attend定期去(学校等)；build建造。根据句中“her school helped me grasp French”和下文“during classes”可推知，去Juliette的学校上学帮助了作者学法语。故选C。
7．A.proud B．calm
C．surprised D．confused
答案　A
解析　proud自豪的；calm镇静的；surprised惊讶的；confused困惑的。根据句中“on the few occasions I knew the answers to questions during classes”可推知，在法语课堂上能回答问题会让作者感到自豪。故选A。
8．A.arguing with B．talking to
C．coming across D．waiting for
答案　B
解析　argue with和……争吵；talk to与……谈话；come across偶遇；wait for等待。根据句中“in French”可知，在护照被偷后，作者用法语和警察交谈。故选B。
9．A.responsibility B．power
C．confidence D．interest
答案　C
解析　responsibility责任；power力量；confidence自信；interest兴趣。根据上文可知，在护照被偷后，作者与警察用法语进行了交流，结合句中“The passport was found”可知，交流很成功，作者找回了护照，这当然会增加作者对自己用法语解决问题的能力的信心。故选C。
10．A.secretly B．occasionally
C．mainly D．casually
答案　C
解析　secretly秘密地；occasionally偶然；mainly主要地；casually随意地。根据句中“on the social media now”并结合常识可知，作者和Juliette现在主要用社交媒体聊天。故选C。
11．A.physical B．abstract
C．artistic D．legal
答案　A
解析　physical物质的，有形的；abstract抽象的；artistic艺术的；legal合法的。根据句中“representation of our friendship and language learning”可知，作者和Juliette的往来书信是友谊和语言学习的有形表现形式。故选A。
12．A.running B．falling
C．struggling D．cheating
答案　A
解析　run发生，进行；fall落下；struggle奋斗；cheat欺骗。根据句中“and now has 100 students involved”可知，法语交流项目仍在进行。故选A。
13．A.research B．trends
C．software D．editions
答案　B
解析　research研究；trend趋势；software软件；edition版本。结合常识和上文“Although we speak ________ on the social media now”可知，现在的人们都用社交媒体交流，所以应用程序和在线课程是最新的趋势。故选B。
14．A.useful B．popular
C．precious D．③dated
答案　D
解析　useful有用的；popular受欢迎的；precious珍贵的；dated过时的。结合上文可知，现在人们都倾向用应用程序交流，所以笔友和帖子就变得过时了。故选D。
15．A.appreciating B．speaking
C．discovering D．teaching
答案　D
解析　appreciate欣赏；speak发言；discover发现；teach教学。根据上文“They are the _________ representation of our friendship and language learning.”可知，作者通过与Juliette写信的方式来学习语言，所以写信也是一种独特的语言教学方法。故选D。
语境猜词 ①grasp(熟义：v.抓住) 生义(文义)：v.掌握；理解 ②representation(派)＝represent＋ation n．表现；表现形式 ③dated(派)＝date＋d adj.过时的
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·1月八省联考)
In 2010，the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages.The goal was two-fold：1.________________(celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 2.________________(tongue)．
Language is the carrier of communication，the bridge of interaction between nations,3.________________ the bond of understanding among civilizations.At the same time，a language and its individual 4.________________(write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition.Every language is worthy of respect and should 5.________________(treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 6.________________ the world to better understand China，but also 7.________________(promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today，more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems.Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 8.________________(improve) communication and cooperation between China and 9.________________ rest of the world.As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture，the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history，its hard-working people，its development through 10.________________(innovate)，and its inclusiveness.China，on its part，will also embrace(拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了联合国设立语言日的目的及中文日的意义。
1．答案　to celebrate
解析　考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，应用celebrate“庆祝”的不定式形式，与to promote并列。故填to celebrate。
2．答案　tongues
解析　考查名词的数。tongue“语言”为可数名词，由six修饰，应用复数形式。故填tongues。
3．答案　and
解析　考查连词。the carrier of communication，the bridge of interaction between nations和the bond of understanding among civilizations为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
4．答案　written
解析　考查形容词。本空修饰名词forms，需用形容词written“书写的”，作前置定语。故填written。
5．答案　be treated
解析　考查动词语态。主语Every language与动词treat“对待”构成被动关系，用被动语态，且位于情态动词should后，be动词用原形。故填be treated。
6．答案　for
解析　考查介词。表示“为某人/某物提供某物”用固定短语provide sth for sb/sth。故填for。
7．答案　promotes
解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处与provides并列作谓语，描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day，本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数形式。故填promotes。
8．答案　improving
解析　考查非谓语动词。此处作介词in的宾语，应用improve“提高”的动名词形式。故填improving。
9．答案　the
解析　考查冠词。固定短语the rest of...意为“……的其余部分”，符合句意。故填the。
10．答案　innovation
解析　考查名词。此处作介词through的宾语，应用名词innovation，表示“创新”，为不可数名词。故填innovation。注：下面单词意思后的表示该词的熟词生义。
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．studio 　　　 n．(音乐)录音室
2．court n．法院，法庭；宫廷；球场
3．curtain n．(舞台上的)幕，帷幕；窗帘
4．triathlon n．铁人三项运动
5．media n．新闻媒体，传媒
6．extra adj.额外的，另外的
7．throughout prep.在整个期间，自始至终
8．enormously adv.非常，极其
9．disqualify v．(因犯规而)取消……的资格
10．somehow adv.用某种方法，不知怎的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．character n．(书、剧本、电影等中的)人物，角色；勇气，毅力；性格；
特色，特征；符号，文字
2．approach v．走近，靠近，临近；接洽；要求；处理
n．接近；通路；方法
3．chat n．& v．闲谈，聊天
4．focus v．(把……)集中(于)；(使)调节焦距 n．中心；重点；焦点
5．career n．职业，事业
6．sigh n．& v．叹气，叹息(尤因厌烦、失望、疲倦等)
7．generation n．一代(人)
8．gap n．差距，差别
9．regularly adv.经常；有规律地；定期地
10．memory n．记忆，回忆；记忆力
11．nowadays adv.现今，现时
12．jaw n．下巴，下颌
13．beard n．胡须
14．skin n．皮肤
15．jogging n．慢跑锻炼
16．slim adj.苗条的，修长的
17．cheek n．面颊，脸颊
18．issue n．(尤指社会或政治方面的)议题；争论的问题；(期刊)一期
vt.公布；发布；发行
19．theme n．主题
20．observe v．庆祝，过(节日、生日等)；观察；遵守；说，评论
21．range n．一系列；山脉；范围，界限；距离；射程
v．漫步，四处移动；(在一定范围内)变化；包括
22．event n．活动(指演出、体育比赛、聚会等)；比赛项目
23．impact n．作用，影响；撞击(力)v.撞击；(对……)产生影响
24．series n．系列比赛
25．onto prep.到……上，向……上，朝……上
26．track n．跑道；轨道；足迹；踪迹
vt.跟踪，追踪
27．obviously adv.明显地，显而易见地
28．feature n．(报纸或杂志等的)特写，专题节目；特征，特点；面貌，面貌的
一部分(指眼、口、鼻等)
v．以……为特色；由……主演；起重要作用，占重要地位
29．individual adj.独特的，与众不同的(一般含褒义)
n．个人；与众不同的人
30．style n．风格
31．despite prep.尽管，虽然
32．entire adj.全部的，整个的
33．million num.许多，无数；百万
34．athlete n．运动员，田径运动员
35．medal n．奖牌，勋章
36．indeed adv.当然，确实(用于强调陈述或回答)
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．lawyer n．律师→law n．法律
2．assume v．假定，假设，认为；担任，承担→assumption n．假设，认为→assuming conj.假定；假设
3．ignore v．忽视，不理→ignorant adj.无知的→ignorance n．无知
4．apologise v．道歉→apology n．道歉→apologetic adj.道歉的，愧疚的
5．stress n．重音，重读；压力；强调v.重读；强调；(使)焦虑，(使)疲惫→stressed adj.感到有压力的；焦虑的→stressful adj.有压力的
6．strength n．力气；优点；强烈程度→strengthen v．加强→strong adj.强壮的
7．contain v．包含，含有；抑制→container n．容器；集装箱
8．summary n．总结，概要→summarize/ise vt.总结，概述
9．powerful adj.强有力的，有影响(感染)力的→power n．权力；能力→powerless adj.无力的
10．aim v．瞄准；力求达到 n．目标；目的→aimless adj.无目标的→aimlessly adv.漫无目的地
11．currently adv.当前→current adj.现时的，当前的；流通的 n．水流；电流；趋势
12．typically adv.一般，通常→typical adj.典型的，有代表性的
13．judge v．认为，判断 n．法官；裁判员→misjudge v．对(人或情况)判断错误→judg(e)ment n．判断力
14．settle v．定居；解决(问题)；和解，结束(争论)→settler n．定居者→settlement n．解决；协议；定居点
15．talent n．天赋，才能→talented adj.有天赋的
16．detail n．细节，细微之处→detailed adj.详细的
17．respect v．尊敬，敬重 n．尊敬，敬重；问候(常用复数)；方面→respectable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的；得体的→respectful adj.恭敬的
18．suit v．适合 n．西服；套装→suitable adj.适合的→unsuitable adj.不适合的；不适宜的
19．responsible adj.(对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的，应承担责任的→irresponsible adj.不负责任的→responsibly adv.负责任地→responsibility n．责任
20．admire v．钦佩，赞美，羡慕→admirable adj.令人钦佩的→admiration n．钦佩，羡慕
21．professional adj.职业的，专业的n.专业人士→profession n．职业，专业→professor n．教授
22．option n．选择，可选择的东西→optional adj.可选择的
23．nation n．国家→national adj.国家的，全国的→nationality n．国籍
积累——构词法　学一法　会一类
形容词后缀-able/-ible/-al：
1．带有后缀-able/-ible的形容词往往有“能……的；具有……性质的”的意思，如：comfort→comfortable，enjoy→enjoyable，change→changeable，horror→horrible，terror→terrible等；
2．带有后缀-al的形容词往往有“与……有关的”的意思，如：nature→natural，person→personal，music→musical等。
(1)While they didn’t get the gold medal，it was a very creditable(credit) result for the team.
(2)There is no denying that successful businesses are highly adaptable(adapt) to economic changes.
(3)You can depend on it that he can help you out of difficulty and after all，he is a reliable(rely) person.
(4)Rainfall is not completely absent in desert areas，but it is highly variable(vary)．
(5)This is my original(origin) idea and I wonder if you can offer me some advice to improve it.
(6)With the development of science and technology，global(globe) warming is becoming increasingly serious.
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．settle for勉强接受，将就
2．in the lead领先
3．raise one’s voice 提高某人的嗓门
4．be proud of为……自豪
5．take one’s advice听从某人的建议
6．leave...behind 把……抛在后面
7．have an impact on对……有影响
8．jump in with both feet不加考虑就仓促参与
9．turn to求助于；转向；变成
10．end up最终成为，最后处于
11．now and then时而；有时
12．focus on集中于；关注
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Grandfather and Father，seated at the table，are playing chess.(过去分词短语作定语)
祖父和父亲正坐在桌子旁下棋。
2．Think about another situation in which you need to make an apology and have a similar conversation.(“介词＋which”引导的定语从句)
考虑另外一个你需要道歉的情景并进行类似的对话。
3．Alistair ran towards Jonny，caught him and started pulling him towards the finish line.(并列谓语)
阿利斯泰尔跑向乔尼，抓住他，并拖着他跑向终点。
4．But for Alistair，his decision was easy to explain：...(“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句式，to do主动形式表被动意义)
但是对阿利斯泰尔而言，他的决定很容易解释：……
5．Mum wouldn’t have been happy if I’d left Jonny behind.(if 引导虚拟条件句)
要是我撇下乔尼，妈妈肯定会不高兴的。
6．At that moment，he was no longer an athlete aiming for a medal—he was just a brother.(现在分词短语作定语)
在那一刻，他不再是一名想赢得奖牌的运动员——他只是一个哥哥。
体验——析真题长句　知高考难度
(2024·全国甲)He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters，endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome.
[句式分析]　本句是主从复合句。suggested在此意为“建议”，其后的宾语从句中用“(should＋)动词原形”表示虚拟，think前省略了should；that I wanted for the characters，that were right for the characters和that satisfied the story均是定语从句，修饰各自前面的endings；even if引导让步状语从句。
[尝试翻译]　他建议我思考我想要的角色结局和适合角色的结局之间的区别，后一类结局是满足故事需要的结局，即使它们没有传统意义上的积极结果。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分)
1．media n．新闻媒体，传媒
2．studio n．(音乐)录音室
3．throughout prep.在整个期间，自始至终
4．disqualify v．(因犯规而)取消……的资格
5．curtain n．(舞台上的)幕，帷幕；窗帘
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共15分)
1．chat n．& v．闲谈，聊天
2．sigh n．& v．叹气，叹息(尤因厌烦、失望、疲倦等)
3．regularly adv.经常；有规律地；定期地
4．event n．活动(指演出、体育比赛、聚会等)；比赛项目
5．career n．职业，事业
6．memory n．记忆，回忆
7．obviously adv.明显地，显而易见地
8．nowadays adv.现今，现时
9．theme n．主题
10．approach v．走近，靠近，临近；接洽；要求；处理 n．接近；通路；方法
11．focus v．(把……)集中(于)；(使)调节焦距 n．中心；重点；焦点
12．observe v．庆祝，过(节日、生日等)；观察；遵守；说，评论
13．impact n．作用，影响 v．(对……)产生影响
14．track n．跑道；轨道；足迹；踪迹vt.跟踪，追踪
15．despite prep.尽管，虽然
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共20分)
1．ignore v．忽视，不理→ignorance n．无知→ignorant adj.无知的
2．assume v．假定，假设，认为→assumption n．假设，认为→assuming conj.假定；假设
3．contain v．包含，含有；抑制→container n．容器；集装箱
4．nation n．国家→national adj.国家的，全国的→nationality n．国籍
5．settle v．定居；解决(问题)；和解，结束(争论)→settler n．定居者→settlement n．解决；协议；定居点
6．summary n．总结，概要→summarize/ise vt.总结，概述
7．stress n．重音，重读；压力；强调v.重读；强调；(使)焦虑→stressed adj.感到有压力的，焦虑的→stressful adj.有压力的
8．detail n．细节→detailed adj.详细的
9．option n．选择，可选择的东西→optional adj.可选择的
10．professional adj.职业的，专业的 n．专业人士→profession n．职业，专业→professor n．教授
Ⅳ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．focus on集中于；关注
2．leave...behind 把……抛在后面
3．end up最终成为，最后处于
4．turn to求助于；转向；变成
5．have an impact on对……有影响
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题3分，共30分)
1．The management and unions have reached a settlement over new working conditions and the issue is finally settled.(settle)
2．He aimed to find(find) out the answer in the reference books，but it was indeed no use reading the books aimlessly(aim)．
3．In all respects of our life，there are always respectable individuals who deserve our respect.(respect)
4．The other day，the lawyer bought two business suits(suit) which were suitable for him.
5.Despite the fact that he was strong，the work made him so tired that he didn’t have the strength to walk any further.He still needed to strengthen his body.(strong)
6．Judging from his expression，the judg(e)ment his brother made on the problem obviously made him dissatisfied.(judge)
7．With an apologetic smile，I apologised to her for my being rude，but she didn’t intend to accept my apology.(apologise)
8．Each of us admires the athlete for his admirable honesty and hard work.Faced with our admiration，he is rather modest.(admire)
9．If you are irresponsible for your behavior，you will be disqualified and thus，I strongly suggest that you should shoulder your responsibility.(responsible)
10．Being a powerful(power) country，China has the power to protect(protect) its people from being attacked.
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共20分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.毫无疑问，健康的亲子关系对渴望独立并赢得成年人尊重的孩子来说是非常重要的。(现在分词短语作定语) 2.如果孩子们被以科学、健康且友好的方式养育，他们会变得更有责任感。(if引导虚拟条件句) 3.在我看来，父母和孩子应该处于充满爱、关心和理解的关系之中，他们可以自由地交换意见。(过去分词短语作定语) 4.只有这样，和谐的亲子关系才容易建立。(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do) 　　There is no doubt that a healthy parent-child relationship is very important for children 1.longing to be independent and win adults’ respect.2.If children were raised in a scientific，healthy and friendly way，they would become more responsible.However，this is not the case. In my opinion，parents and children should be in a relationship 3.filled with love，care and understanding and they can exchange ideas freely. To build a relationship of this kind，parents should become friends of their children while children ought to place more trust in their parents and give voice to their feelings frankly.Only in this way 4.is a harmonious parent-child relationship easy to build.
I enormously admire my older brother with a good memory who started his career as a lawyer ten years ago.Throughout the year，wearing a business suit，he typically focuses his attention 1.on/upon his work and respects everyone around him.2.Professional(profession) and responsible，he never ignores details，so he is indeed successful in 3.his(he) field.He is very busy and despite this，he has a talent for character-building sports，such as playing basketball，running along the track as well as jogging.Besides，not only does he prefer recording songs in a nearby studio but he also sings songs in the court at home.4.Though/Although/While he is not an athlete，he regularly participates in a series of sports events and he is often in the lead.Last Sunday he even got a gold medal,5.which obviously won him millions of compliments.Moreover，he is slim but of great strength.I assume him as my role model and I can’t contain my inner 6.admiration(admire) and I prefer chatting with him about a range of themes posted on the media.However busy he is，he always 7.observes(observe) my birthday every year.If he does something wrong，he will apologise to me sincerely.Whenever I come across challenging issues，he will 8.patiently(patient) tell me some practical approaches to 9.settling(settle) them.In summary，my brother does have a powerful impact on me.Now I can’t stress the importance of diligence too much.Even if I fail，I will never sigh，and instead，I will go all out 10.to bridge(bridge) the gaps and stick to my original option.Currently I also have achieved one of my aims.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
approach v．走近，靠近，临近；接洽；要求；着手处理 n．接近；通路；方法
·with...approaching在……临近的时候 ·an approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法/途径 at the approach of在临近……的时候
(1)With the Spring Festival approaching(approach)，we could hardly contain our inner excitement.
＝At the approach of the Spring Festival，we could hardly contain our inner excitement.
(2)(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)她的眼睛闪烁着自信的光芒，Eva决定在学校大楼里使用这个辨别方向的方法。
With her eyes twinkling with confidence，Eva decided to use the approach to telling directions in the school building.
(3)(读后续写之动作链描写)简颤抖着站起来，向丈夫走去，扑进他的怀里，不由自主地在他的肩膀上抽噎起来。
Jane got to her feet shakily，approached her husband and threw herself into his arms，sobbing uncontrollably on his shoulder.
focus vi.& vt.(把……)集中(于)；(使)调节焦距 n．中心；重点；焦点
·focus (...) on/upon (把……)集中于 近义短语：concentrate(...)on，center(...)on，pay attention to，be absorbed in ·the focus of ……的焦点
(1)Obviously，the competition focusing on/upon the theme of “first impression of China” attracted millions of viewers.
(2)(读后续写之情绪描写)这么多人都盯着我看，我既紧张又尴尬，脸都红了。
With so many people focusing their eyes on/upon me，I felt so nervous and awkward that my face flushed.(with复合结构)
(3)(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)头发打结，南瓜肉盖着鼻子，我成了那些在网上观看这段视频的人关注的焦点。
Hair in knots and nose covered by pumpkin pulp，I became the focus of attention of those who viewed the video online.
assume vt.假定，假设；设想；认为；担任，承担 [assumption n．假定，假设；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得assuming conj.假定，假设]
·assume sb/sth to be＋adj./n.假定/认为某人/某事(为)…… It is generally assumed that...人们普遍认为…… ·on the assumption that...假定…… ·assuming (that)．..假设……
(1)He was assumed to be(be) one of the most committed lawyers in his field.
(2)(应用文写作之申请信)总之，假设我被选为学生会主席，我将定期组织一系列的课外活动来丰富我们的学校生活。
In summary，assuming (that)/on the assumption that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Council，I will regularly organize a range of after-class activities to enrich our school life.
(3)(话题写作之传统文化)People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory.
→It is generally assumed that not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but also it can strengthen our memory.(用“it作形式主语”和“not only...but also...的倒装结构”改写)
respect v．尊敬，敬重 n．方面；尊重；敬意；问候(常用复数) (respectable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的，得体的 respectful adj.表示敬意的，尊敬的)
·respect sb for sth因为某事尊重某人 ·show/have respect for...尊重…… give one’s respects to 代某人向……转达问候/致意 in respect of＝with respect to关于，就……而言
(1)(2021·天津6月，书面表达)欢迎你随时到我家来，请代我向你的家人致意。
You are welcome at any time to my house and please give my respects to your family.
(2)(话题写作之人物介绍)在我们生活的许多方面，总有值得尊敬的人。关于我最尊敬的人，我不得不提到我的数学老师。我因为他的慷慨大方和乐于帮助在困难中的我们而尊敬他。
In many respects of our life，there are always respectable people.With respect to/In respect of the person I respect/show respect for most，I have to mention my maths teacher.I respect him for his generosity and willingness to help us in trouble.
responsible adj.(对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的，应承担责任的(irresponsible adj.不负责任的responsibly adv.负责任地responsibility n．责任)
·be responsible for对……负责 ·take responsibility for对……负责 It is sb’s responsibility to do sth.做某事是某人的职责。
(1)Currently facing a series of challenging issues，we have no option but to settle them responsibly and we mustn’t be irresponsible.(responsible)
(2)(2024·天津6月，书面表达)呼吁你们每个人立即采取行动来建设低碳校园是我的责任。
It is my responsibility to appeal to/call on each of you to take immediate action to build a low-carbon campus.
(3)(2023·全国甲，书面表达)孔子是闻名世界的中国历史人物，他教导我们要对自己的行为负责，成为有道德的人。
Confucius，a world-famous Chinese historical figure，taught us to be responsible for/take responsibility for our own behavior and become moral people.
aim v．瞄准；力求达到 n．目标；目的(aimless adj.无目标的 aimlessly adv.漫无目的地)
·aim at瞄准；目的在于 aim sth at sb/sth用某物朝向/瞄准某人/某物 aim to do...旨在做……；力求达到…… be aimed at目的是；旨在 ·with the aim of有……的目的
(1)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)Feeling as if he were thrown into the world of sadness，the frustrated athlete drags his feet aimlessly(aimless) on the track.
(2)(读后续写之动作链描写)我抓起一块石头，瞄准狼，拼尽全力把石头扔出去，试图把狼吓走。
I seized a stone，aimed (it) at the wolf and threw it out with all my might，seeking to scare the wolf away.
(3)(2023·北京，书面表达)我写这封信的目的是为你提供一些关于如何建设“绿色北京”的切实可行的建议。
I am writing with the aim of offering you some practical suggestions on how to build a “Green Beijing”．
(4)(2023·天津6月，书面表达)作为一名在英国学校的交换生，我很高兴听到即将成立的旨在促进中英两国文化交流的汉语工作坊的消息。
①As an exchange student in a British school，I am thrilled to hear about the upcoming Chinese Workshop which/that aims to promote/aims at promoting/is aimed at promoting cultural exchanges between China and the UK.(定语从句)
②As an exchange student in a British school，I am thrilled to hear about the upcoming Chinese Workshop aiming to promote/aiming at promoting/aimed at promoting cultural exchanges between China and the UK.(分词作定语)
settle v．定居；解决(问题)；和解，结束(争论) (settler n．定居者settlement n．解决；定居点)
settle down 安定，定居；(使)平静下来；舒适地坐下/躺下 settle down to (doing) sth开始认真对待/做某事 settle for勉强接受，将就 settle in安顿下来 settle into sth习惯于(新居)；适应(新工作)
(1)He sighed disappointedly，“Since I settled down in this big city，I have had no option but to settle for a life of poor quality.”
(2)(应用文写作之建议信)得知你每天有那么多的问题要解决，我建议你着手认真解决那些最紧急的问题。
Learning that you have so many problems to settle every day，I suggest that you (should) settle down to settling the most urgent ones.
(3)(读后续写之动作链描写)他们冲下车，搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，欣赏着周围令人惊叹的景象。
They dashed out of the car，put up the tent and settled down on the grass，enjoying the surrounding breathtaking sights.
(4)(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)Eva向后仰着头，嘴角露出一丝微笑，高兴地说：“我终于适应了新的学校生活。”
Eva tilted her head back，a slight smile coming to her lips，saying delightedly，“I finally settled into the new school life.”
be＋adj.＋to do...　But for Alistair，his decision was easy to explain：...
但是对阿利斯泰尔而言，他的决定很容易解释：……
·本句中含有结构“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”，其中不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。 ·特点：①不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；②此结构常用的形容词有difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。
(1)(读后续写之情绪描写)他们内心的冰似乎很难融化，一种无助的感觉像洪水一样席卷了我。
It seemed that their inner ice was difficult/hard to melt away and a feeling of helplessness washed over me like a flood.
(2)(读后续写之场景描写)海边的空气呼吸起来很舒服，我们光着脚漫步在金色的沙滩上，谈笑风生。
The sea air is comfortable to breathe and we wander on the golden beach in bare feet，chatting and laughing.
(3)(申请信之个人优势)我不仅容易相处而且也乐意帮助处在困境中的人。
①I am not only easy to get along/on with but also willing to help others in trouble.
②Not only am I easy to get along/on with but also I am willing to help others in trouble.(用倒装句改写)
用法点拨　在该结构中，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
1．The main character① of the book written in Chinese characters② is the description of famous characters③ in the sports field who have a strong character④.After all，sports are good for character⑤ building.
①n.特色，特征　②n.文字　③n.人物，角色　④n.性格　⑤n.勇气，毅力
2．With the College Entrance Examinations approaching①，we students approach② our teachers for advice，who can offer us some scientific approaches③ to approaching④ our problems.
①vi.临近　②vt.要求　③n.方法　④vt.处理
3．Between Italy and France，there is a mountain range① called the Alps，where a range② of animals range③ all the way freely and happily，ranging④ from western red deer to Alpine Marmot(阿尔卑斯旱獭)．As the animals expand their range⑤ into more places，we have more opportunities to observe them at close range⑥.
①n.山脉　②n.一系列　③vi.漫步，四处移动
④vi.包括　⑤n.范围，界限　⑥n.距离
4．I particularly like a feature① on digital humans in today’s newspaper whose 3D faces are modeled on actual human features②.Digital humans feature③ smart virtual movements and with the development of AI，they possess more lifelike human features④.In summary，digital humans feature⑤ in modern technological world；that is，they play an important role nowadays.
①n.(报纸、杂志等的)特写，专题节目　②n.面貌
③vt.以……为特色　④n.特征，特点　⑤vi.起重要作用，占重要地位
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．I am aware that my son has a talent for music，so I instantly contact a musical organization to further strengthen his ability.
2．Judging(judge) from his negative attitude towards math，he must have suffered an entire failure in the exam.
3．To express my apology(apologize)，I intend to buy you a brand-new dictionary.
4．Facing such a confusing problem，I have no option but to turn(turn) to you for assistance.
5．It is recognised that we can make obvious progress by focusing(focus) on what we are doing.
6．It is obvious that creativity and carefulness play a crucial role in the building of subways，highways and motorways.
7.Actually，it is typical of him to think about helping others in need，and this is why I admire him.
8.Based on your recent performance，I can say with certainty that you are suitable(suit) for the position.
9．I must remind you that everyone has strengths(strength) and weaknesses，so never make blind comments on others.
10．The club provides different types of activities，ranging(range) from mountain climbing to playing basketball.
2024·上海6月 你是明启中学的高三学生李明，你们学校英语报开设了一个“排忧解难”专栏，你的校友Lynn发出求助，请根据她的来信写封回信。写作要求： 1.提出你的建议； 2.说明你的理由。 Lynn来信的主要内容如下： I’m a high school student.I want to do some cooking，but my parents don’t allow me to do so.How can I change their minds？
完成句子
1．我写信的目的是给你一些关于如何说服你父母的建议。(with the aim of；疑问词＋to do)
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2．你最好耐心地和他们沟通，这被认为是解决问题的最好方法之一。(assume；approach；settle；非限制性定语从句)
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3．你可以向他们保证，你已经长大了，可以对自己的行为负责，以解除他们对你的安全的担忧。(responsible；同位语从句；现在分词短语作状语)
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4．假设你接受了上面的建议，你会发现你父母的消极态度很容易改变。(assuming that；主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
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5．你的父母不仅会尊重你的爱好，还会给你一些指导。(respect；not only...but also...；部分倒装)
______________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear Lynn，
I’m terribly sorry to hear that you are caught in a situation in which you are not allowed to cook by parents.I am writing with the aim of offering you some advice on how to convince your parents.
First of all，you’d better communicate with them patiently，which is assumed to be one of the best approaches to settling a problem.It would be beneficial to explain to them the reasons why cooking appeals to you，which will make them empathize with you.Meanwhile，you can make a promise to them that you are old enough to be responsible for your own behavior，removing their concern about your safety.Furthermore，you can highlight the healthy lifestyle.
Assuming that you take the above suggestions，you will find that your parents’ negative attitude is easy to change.Not only will your parents respect your hobby but they also will provide you with some guidance.I sincerely hope my suggestions are of great help.
Yours，
Li Ming
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　sigh；admire
[动作描写]　approach；chat；focus；respect；suit；aim；observe；apologise；judge；settle
[人物描写]　jaw；beard；skin；slim；cheek
美句 1.Why don’t you also take my advice and think carefully before jumping in with both feet？(比喻句) 2.In his thirties，he was quite thin and pale，and he had red，bushy hair.Nowadays，he’s well-built and tanned.He’s always had a square jaw，but now he’s grown a beard.Strangely，his beard is still red even though his hair is turning grey！(外貌描写) 3.She still has smooth skin and straight black hair，and jogging has kept her slim and fit.(外貌描写) 4.I still have light skin and black hair，of course.But I usually wear my hair in a ponytail these days as it has got a lot longer.Mum says I had cute rosy cheeks，but now I have freckles.(外貌描写) 5.Alistair ran towards Jonny，caught him and started pulling him towards the finish line.(动作链描写) 6.I woke up really early and tip-toed to the kitchen.(动作链描写) 7.I guess love is indeed a magical ingredient.(结尾升华句)
拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：激动与兴奋
单词 dance v．雀跃　skip vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走　excited adj.兴奋的；激动的→exciting adj.令人兴奋的；使人激动的→excite vt.使兴奋；使激动→excitement n．兴奋；激动→excitedly adv.激动地　thrill n．激动；兴奋vt.& vi.(使)极为激动/兴奋→thrilled adj.非常激动的；兴奋的→thrilling adj.令人激动的
词块 with/in excitement激动地　to one’s excitement/thrill 令某人激动的是　sb flushes with excitement 某人激动得满脸通红　contain one’s excitement/thrill抑制某人内心的激动　heart thumps/pounds with excitement 激动得心怦怦直跳　eyes shine/glitter/twinkle with excitement 兴奋得两眼发光　tears of excitement 激动的泪水　wag its tail in excitement 兴奋地摇尾巴　jump up and down in excitement 兴奋地跳上跳下
句型 So thrilled was he that he could hardly speak.(倒装句)他激动得几乎说不出话来。 She felt her heart racing and her blood rushing.她的心跳加速，热血沸腾。 A shiver of excitement passed through her stomach when she heard the news.(无灵主语句) 听到这个消息，她激动得胃里直打战。 A wave of excitement took hold of/seized/flooded over/swept over me.(无灵主语句) 一阵兴奋席卷了我。 Then came a scream of excitement.(完全倒装句)接着是一声激动的尖叫。 Dad embraced/hugged me tightly，words failing him.(独立主格)爸爸紧紧地拥抱着我，说不出话来。 Tears of excitement streamed/rolled down my cheeks/face uncontrollably. 激动的泪水不受控制地顺着我的脸颊滚落。 It was because we received beautiful birthday gifts that we jumped up and down in excitement.(强调句型)正是因为收到了漂亮的生日礼物，我们才兴奋地跳上跳下。
语料运用　家庭生活
On the morning of Mother’s Day，the twins got up really early，tiptoed to the kitchen and settled down to cooking a delicious breakfast for their beloved mother ①who/that had smooth skin and straight black hair(定语从句)．However，seeing the burnt bread，they sighed in disappointment.②It was at that time that their father approached them(强调句型)．Learning that he would help them，the twins jumped up and down，③with their eyes twinkling with excitement(with的复合结构)．Then they carried the breakfast，advanced upstairs and woke up their mother.Seeing what the twins had done，she couldn’t contain her thrill and embraced them tightly，④tears of excitement streaming down her cheeks uncontrollably(独立主格)．She murmured lovingly，“⑤Love indeed has magical power(升华句)．”
母亲节的早晨，这对双胞胎起得很早，蹑手蹑脚地走进厨房，为他们深爱的、有着光滑的皮肤、乌黑的直发的母亲着手做了一顿美味的早餐。然而，看到烧焦的面包，他们失望地叹了口气。就在那时，他们的父亲来到他们跟前。得知他会帮助他们，双胞胎跳上跳下，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。然后他们端着早餐，上楼叫醒了母亲。看到双胞胎所做的一切，她无法抑制自己的激动，紧紧地拥抱着他们，激动的泪水不受控制地顺着她的脸颊滚落。她深情地柔声说：“爱确实有神奇的力量。”
单元主题组合练
[62.5分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
When children are growing up，what they see in their families is what they tend to consider normal.That means family traditions and other activities are generally seen as just normal.If a family eats dinner together or spends time talking with each other，that’s what the child absorbs and ①internalizes.
Our family traditions are declining as we move toward a more isolated(孤立的) society.How many families no longer share meals around the dinner table，instead choosing to watch TV or text friends on their phones This tends to isolate and ②disconnect family members from each other.It also stops families from communicating and catching up on each other’s lives.
For those of us who grew up in a household where families shared meals together and spent time talking with each other，chances are that we are passing along those traditions to our own families.The problem is that children today often want to spend their time in front of screens rather than people.Cellphones，computers and other attention-grabbing devices often mean parents get resistance to traditional family togetherness time.This pressure can lead parents to give in and let children do what they want rather than fight with them over sitting at the dinner table.This creates the new normal that no longer values the idea of families and the society at large，connecting with each other.
Family and community traditions are important，not just for the current shared experiences，but for the future as well.Since children internalize their experiences，that means generations to come may not know what it’s like to sit together around the dinner table and truly connect as a family.
That is why it is so important that parents and ③caregivers create boundaries of behavior that help to keep family traditions alive.If you remember the shared experiences you had with your parents and grandparents，you know the important bonding that took place during those times.It is this shared experience that brings people closer together and is well worth preserving.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了家庭传统在当今社会中日益减少的问题，强调了家庭和社区传统的重要性，并呼吁父母和护理员制定行为边界，以保持这些传统的活力。
1．What is the phenomenon the author describes at the beginning of the text
A．The increase in shared family meals means a shift towards isolation.
B．Increased use of technology replaces traditional family interactions.
C．More and more children prefer to spend quality time with the family.
D．Family members are more likely to share their updates with each other.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“When children are growing up...that’s what the child absorbs and internalizes.”和第二段“Our family traditions are declining as we move toward a more isolated(孤立的) society...It also stops families from communicating and catching up on each other’s lives.”可知，作者在文章开篇描述了诸如电视、手机之类的科技产品替代了传统的家庭互动。故选B。
2．What is the central concern expressed in paragraph 3
A．The inability of parents to understand technology.
B．The challenge of preserving traditional family values.
C．The influence of technology on children’s education.
D．The necessity of controlling children’s digital devices.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“The problem is that children today often want to spend their time in front of screens rather than people...This creates the new normal that no longer values the idea of families and the society at large，connecting with each other.”可知，第三段中表达了担忧：孩子们不再重视家庭和整个社会相互联系，这是传统的家庭价值观面对来自科技的挑战。故选B。
3．What can be inferred about future generations if current trends continue
A．They will be more addicted to advanced technology.
B．They will maintain stronger and closer family bonds.
C．They may create new and irreplaceable family traditions.
D．They may not understand the value of family gatherings.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Since children internalize their experiences，that means generations to come may not know what it’s like to sit together around the dinner table and truly connect as a family.”可推知，如果目前的趋势继续下去，未来几代人将不理解围坐在餐桌旁、真正像一家人一样交流是什么感觉，不理解家庭聚会的价值。故选D。
4．How does the author view the role of parents in preserving family traditions
A．Insignificant. B．Irresponsible.
C．Crucial. D．Overemphasized.
答案　C
解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段中“That is why it is so important that parents and caregivers create boundaries of behavior that help to keep family traditions alive.”可知，作者认为父母在维护家庭传统方面起着至关重要的作用。故选C。
语境猜词 ①internalize(派)＝internal＋ize v．使内在化 ②disconnect(派)＝dis＋connect v．(使)不联系 ③caregiver(合)＝care＋giver n．家庭护理员
B
(2024·安徽池州二模)
How do we come to make sense of our daily lives How can we gain a strong grasp of who we really are and how we fit in the world And how can we naturally connect to important ones in our lives “Life stories are one of the prime tools we have for understanding ourselves and the world around us，” says Robyn Fivush，a professor at Emory University.
Humans are natural storytellers.We use stories to understand our present，draw insights from our past，and anticipate the future.Thus，storytelling is basic to our lives.As a form of rich ①engagement between family members，family storytelling should be valued more.Sharing bedtime stories and talks after school，or walking through an event that left a young child crying—these are all opportunities for parents and children to become closer through warmth，understanding and support.Fivush and her colleagues have also underscored the value of storytelling in parenting.The ways parents support children’s emotions and help them retell more vivid，richly detailed stories have ②lasting impacts on children’s cognitive(认知的) and emotional development.
Children and teenagers learn how to talk about their lives from family stories.An early example is learning how to present a detailed story with a beginning，a middle，and an end—to give it a clear structure.Further，they learn what is appropriate to talk about or avoid and what feelings are appropriate to share over dinner or out with others.
When growing up，we use our life stories to build complex and stable views of ourselves.Through stories about the traditions maintained over the years，we make connections between past successes and failures，our relationships，and the activities that hold meaning to us to develop our new identities.These identities reflect our roles as family members，community members，co-workers and so on，thus helping us have a more complete view of ourselves.
Having a lasting impact on ourselves and those around us，life stories are filled with meaning，insight，and value.By the way，what’s the story that ③stands out to you from a recent meal or chat
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了生活故事在个人身份认同和情感发展中的作用，以及家庭讲故事对亲子关系的重要性。
5．Why does the writer ask three questions in the beginning
A．To explain a general idea.
B．To give background information.
C．To introduce an argument.
D．To report the finding of a study.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中三个问题之后的“Life stories are one of the prime tools we have for understanding ourselves and the world around us”可推理出，问这三个问题是为了引出“生活故事是我们了解自己和周围世界的主要工具之一”这一论点，故选C。
6．What does the underlined word “underscored” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Cast doubt on.
B．Attached importance to.
C．Shown concern for.
D．Thought poorly of.
答案　B
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句上文“Sharing bedtime stories and talks...for parents and children to become closer through warmth，understanding and support.”并结合画线词前的also可推知，画线词所在句表示Fivush和同事也像上文一样强调了家庭讲故事的重要性，由此可推理出，画线词的含义为“强调”，故选B。
7．How can life stories help form a complete view of ourselves according to the writer
A．By maintaining social ties.
B．By rebuilding our identities.
C．By connecting our past and future.
D．By learning from family members.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，通过讲述生活故事，我们可以构建复杂而稳定的自我观念。通过讲述关于传统的故事，我们可以将过去的成功和失败、我们的关系以及对我们有意义的活动联系起来，从而发展我们的新身份认同。这些身份认同反映了我们作为家庭成员、社区成员、同事等的角色，从而帮助我们更全面地看待自己，即生活故事是通过重建我们的身份认同来帮助形成全面的自我观念，故选B。
8．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．A review on a storybook.
B．An advice letter for social life.
C．A guidebook to parenting.
D．An essay on the value of storytelling.
答案　D
解析　文章出处题。根据第一段中的“Life stories are one of the prime tools we have for understanding ourselves and the world around us”以及最后一段中的“Having a lasting impact on ourselves and those around us，life stories are filled with meaning，insight，and value.”可知，本文最有可能取自探讨讲故事的价值的文章，故选D。
语境猜词 ①engagement(派)＝engage＋ment n．参与 ②lasting(派)＝last＋ing adj.持久的；恒久的 ③stand out 突出，显眼；印象深刻
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
You know the old saying：It ①takes a village to raise a child.Here are some tips from superstar aunties，uncles and experts on how to be part of the village where children are loved，raised and celebrated.
　1　
Some aunties and uncles want to send gift cards on birthdays and holidays.Others want to do school ②pickup every week.Whatever your style is，the first step in being a supportive adult in a kid’s life is understanding and sharing your own interests with them. 2 The connection can be big or small and can happen whether you’re near or far.
Come up with a routine for staying in touch.
Once you figure out your style，start thinking about how often you want to participate.Are you checking in every day Once a week？ 3
Provide non-judgmental support.
Unlike being a parent，there’s less pressure for you to always be on your best behavior or be the perfect role model. 4 In this safe zone，you can be more free to express yourself than parents.If a kid sees you as a safe person，they might start sharing their secrets with you.
Talk about discipline.
In most situations，kids are going to test the limits when they’re not with their parents，and there may even be some behavior problems. 5 Not only will these conversations help you to act in a proper way with the child，but they could also save your relationship with the parents.Otherwise，it could potentially backfire(适得其反) if the parents disagree with your approach to managing those problems.
A．Figure out your style and set up a connection.
B．Keep secret if a child shares something bad with you.
C．So talk with the parents about what they think is appropriate.
D．So you can listen to kids a little bit differently from their parents.
E．When it comes to building relationships with kids，consistency is key.
F．Finding a shared hobby is an easy way to create a point of connection.
G．You can start by asking whether it is okay to set limits with your child.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章针对“不是父母的叔叔或阿姨等其他人怎样和孩子相处”给出了一些建议。
1．答案　A
解析　下文“Whatever your style is，the first step in being a supportive adult in a kid’s life is understanding and sharing your own interests with them.”和“The connection can be...”说明本段主题是按照自己的风格和孩子建立联系，选项A“找出自己的风格，建立联系”概括本段大意，适合作小标题。故选A。
2．答案　F
解析　上文“Whatever your style is，the first step in being a supportive adult in a kid’s life is understanding and sharing your own interests with them.”介绍了和孩子建立联系的第一步是理解和分享兴趣。选项F“找到一个共同的爱好是建立一个联系点的简单方法”符合语境。F项中的“a shared hobby”对应前一句的“sharing your own interests”，且后一句中的“The connection”指的就是F项中的“create a point of connection”。故选F。
3．答案　E
解析　小标题“Come up with a routine for staying in touch.”和上文“Once you figure out your style，start thinking about how often you want to participate.Are you checking in every day Once a week？”说明要有个保持联系的惯例，选项E“在与孩子建立关系时，坚持是关键”承接上文，呼应标题。故选E。
4．答案　D
解析　上文“Unlike being a parent，there’s less pressure for you to always be on your best behavior or be the perfect role model.”说明你与父母不同，和孩子交往压力很小，选项D“所以你可以与孩子的父母有些不同地倾听他们的声音”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系。故选D。
5．答案　G
解析　上文“In most situations，kids are going to test the limits when they’re not with their parents，and there may even be some behavior problems.”说明孩子们会测试自己的极限，甚至可能会出现一些行为问题，选项G“你可以先问一下是否可以对孩子设定限制”承接上文。G选项中的“set limits”对应上文的“test the limits”。故选G。
语境猜词 ①take a village 需要整个社区的支持 ②pickup(合)＝pick＋up n．接送
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·江苏无锡调研)
Brian Tracy is a very famous Canadian-born ①motivational speaker，and it is safe enough to say that he is one of the best ones out there.Brian is 1 good at the fields of public speaking，②leadership and success psychology. 2 ，it did not begin for Brian like that，as he was the troublemaker of the family.
Brian Tracy was born in Canada in 1944 and 3 in the United States.His early childhood was spent in many locations，including Illinois，Wisconsin，Minnesota and California.His family 4 frequently and he was often in a new school.His mother was a 5 single parent who held down three jobs to 6 the family.
In his childhood，he fell in love with reading，which brought him great 7 and helped him go through these tough years.Tracy read 8 books，including biographies(传记) and books on success，personal development and history.His reading gave him an 9 that was far beyond his years.Although his life was full of 10 ，Tracy’s optimism and determination eventually 11 his success.His early childhood experiences 12 his beliefs and values，and he 13 them to his later life and career.
His deeds are an inspiration to many people in trouble and he has one main message for everyone out there，“I believe through 14 and the ③application of what you have learned，you can 15 any obstacle and achieve any goal that you set for yourself.”
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名的演说家布莱恩·特雷西的成长经历。
1．A.obviously B．generally
C．occasionally D．extremely
答案　D
解析　obviously明显地；generally通常地；occasionally偶然，偶尔；extremely非常。根据前文“it is safe enough to say that he is one of the best ones out there”可知，他应该是非常擅长一些领域的演讲。故选D。
2．A.Therefore B．However
C．Besides D．Otherwise
答案　B
解析　therefore因此；however然而；besides除此之外；otherwise否则。根据前文“it is safe enough to say that he is one of the best ones out there”及后文“it did not begin for Brian like that，as he was the troublemaker of the family”可知，布莱恩现在很成功，但一开始并不是这样，前后构成转折关系。故选B。
3．A.raised B．adopted
C．acknowledged D．noted
答案　A
解析　raise抚养；adopt收养；acknowledge承认；note指出。根据后文“His early childhood was spent in many locations，including Illinois，Wisconsin，Minnesota and California.”可知，布莱恩小时候在美国很多地方都待过，应该是在美国被抚养长大的。故选A。
4．A.exchanged B．escaped
C．moved D．quarreled
答案　C
解析　exchange交换；escape逃跑；move搬家；quarrel争吵。根据前文“His early childhood was spent in many locations，including Illinois，Wisconsin，Minnesota and California.”及后文“he was often in a new school”可知，布莱恩小时候总是搬家，所以才会在美国这么多地方待过，而且经常会去新学校。故选C。
5．A.confident B．hard-working
C．cautious D．patient
答案　B
解析　confident自信的；hard-working工作努力的；cautious谨慎的；patient耐心的。根据后文“who held down three jobs”可知，布莱恩的妈妈工作非常努力。故选B。
6．A.build B．assist
C．save D．support
答案　D
解析　build建造；assist协助；save拯救；support供养。根据前文“single parent who held down three jobs(打三份工的单身母亲)”可知，布莱恩的妈妈要打三份工来养家。故选D。
7．A.name B．confusion
C．delight D．attention
答案　C
解析　name姓名；confusion困惑；delight愉快；attention注意。根据后文“helped him go through these tough years”可知，布莱恩通过读书度过那些艰难的日子，说明读书给他带来了巨大的快乐。故选C。
8．A.various B．bestselling
C．similar D．special
答案　A
解析　various各种各样的；bestselling畅销的；similar相似的；special特别的。根据后文“including biographies(传记) and books on success，personal development and history”可知，布莱恩看各种各样的书。故选A。
9．A.insight B．opinion
C．experience D．achievement
答案　A
解析　insight洞察力；opinion观点；experience经验；achievement成就。根据后文“that was far beyond his years”及“Tracy’s optimism and determination”可知，阅读让他拥有了强大的内在力量，培养了布莱恩远超他年龄的洞察力。故选A。
10．A.chances B．risks
C．hardships D．threats
答案　C
解析　chance机会；risk危险；hardship艰辛；threat威胁。根据前文“His family ________ frequently and he was often in a new school.”可知，布莱恩小时候跟着单亲妈妈经常搬家，导致他的童年也十分不稳定，充满了艰辛。故选C。
11．A.held back B．resulted from
C．turned over D．contributed to
答案　D
解析　hold back克制；result from起因于；turn over翻转；contribute to促成。根据后文“his success”并结合常识可知，他的乐观和决心最终促成了他的成功。故选D。
12．A.ruined B．weakened
C．shaped D．reflected
答案　C
解析　ruin毁灭；weaken削弱；shape塑造；reflect反映。根据常识可知，一个人的信念和价值观是由童年经历塑造的。故选C。
13．A.transformed B．applied
C．exposed D．reached
答案　B
解析　transform使转化；apply运用；expose暴露；reach达到。根据末段的“the application of what you have learned”并结合常识可知，他是将信念和价值观运用到后来的生活和事业中。故选B。
14．A.practicing B．learning
C．seeking D．creating
答案　B
解析　practice练习；learn学习；seek寻找；create创造。根据后文“the application of what you have learned”可知，此处是指通过学习并运用自己所学的知识。故选B。
15．A.overcome B．pose
C．hit D．encounter
答案　A
解析　overcome克服；pose造成(威胁、问题等)；hit打击；encounter遭遇。根据后文“achieve any goal that you set for yourself”及常识可知，实现自己的目标需要克服很多的困难。故选A。
语境猜词 ①motivational(派)＝motivation＋al adj.激励人的；励志的 ②leadership(派)＝leader＋ship n．领导才能 ③application(派)＝appl(y→i)＋ca＋tion n．运用；应用
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·山东烟台三模)
It was in 2019,1.____________ Zakirova came to Shanghai to study，that she discovered a local park filled with elderly people 2.____________(dance) in the early morning.No one judges the dancers for a ①misstep or for not keeping up with the rhythm.They simply dance and enjoy the moment.Usually,3.____________(experience) dancers lead，while newcomers observe，learn，and eventually join in.4.____________(occasion)，she’d also join and dance with the Chinese.In her opinion，this public activity ignores age and background，offering 5.____________ effective method to handle the loneliness and physical inactivity that often goes hand in hand with aging.It is a ②heart-warming proof of the openness and liveliness of modern Chinese society：older people and retired people gather，not just 6.____________(exercise)，but to socialize and form new connections.
By the time she came to China，Zakirova 7.____________(take) part in various dances，including traditional Uzbek dances and various other cultural dances.On campus，she taught students from other corners of the world Uzbek dances in exchange 8.____________ the learning of dances from their traditions.Outside the university，she often found 9.____________(she) wandering into parks watching the public square dances.
These two worlds—the public dancing in China and the Uzbek dance tradition—have shaped her life and brought her boundless joy.
Dancing，whether in China 10.____________ Uzbekistan，serves as a reminder that the joy of dance goes beyond borders，languages，and backgrounds.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Zakirova在中国学习期间对当地广场舞文化的观察和体验，以及她个人对舞蹈的理解和感悟。
1．答案　when
解析　考查定语从句。此处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词为“2019”，关系词替代先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
2．答案　dancing
解析　考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“elderly people”和动词“dance”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填dancing。
3．答案　experienced
解析　考查形容词。此处修饰名词“dancers”，应用形容词experienced“经验丰富的”，作定语。故填experienced。
4．答案　Occasionally
解析　考查副词。此处修饰后面整句话，应用副词occasionally“偶尔”，作状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Occasionally。
5．答案　an
解析　考查冠词。此处修饰可数名词单数method，表示泛指，应用不定冠词；且空后effective的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
6．答案　to exercise
解析　考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to exercise。
7．答案　had taken
解析　考查动词时态。此处是主句的谓语动词，根据状语从句的时态可知，主句动词发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had taken。
8．答案　for
解析　考查介词。固定短语in exchange for意为“作为……的交换”，符合句意。故填for。
9．答案　herself
解析　考查代词。此处担当宾语，表示主语本身，应用反身代词。故填herself。
10．答案　or
解析　考查连词。固定搭配whether...or...意为“无论是……还是……”，符合句意。故填or。
语境猜词 ①misstep(派)＝mis＋step n．踏错步；失误 ②heart-warming(合＋派)＝heart＋warm＋ing adj.暖心的；感人的Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．digital 　　　 adj.数字的，数码的
2．site n．网站
3．bathwater n．浴水，洗澡水
4．goods n．商品
5．diagram n．图解，示意图
6．pot n．锅
7．gram n．克
8．pack n．小盒，小包
9．slice n．片，薄片
v．切成薄片
10．scar n．伤疤
11．dine v．进餐
12．chum n．好朋友
13．chap n．小伙子，家伙
14．destiny n．命运，天命
15．correspond v．通信；符合；相一致
16．proposition n．事业，生意
17．hustle v．拼命干，努力干
18．staunch adj.坚定的，忠实可靠的
19．excerpt n．摘录，节录
20．cigar n．雪茄烟
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．forever adv.永远(＝for good)
2．familiar adj.熟悉的
3．click v．点击(鼠标)
n．咔哒声；单击
4．social media 社交媒体
5．maintain v．保持，维持；维修；保养
6．update n．最新消息
v．更新
7．saying n．格言，谚语
8．acquire v．获得，得到
9．teenager n．青少年，十几岁的孩子(13到19岁之间的孩子)
10．pour v．灌，注，倒
11．quality n．素质，品德；质量
12．postpone v．使(事件、行动等)延期，推迟
13．ordinary adj.普通的，平常的
14．drag v．拖，拉
15．partner n．搭档
16．plain adj.简单的；朴素的；素色的
n．平原
17．scene n．风景；景色；布景；场景；景象
18．personality n．个性，性格
19．atmosphere n．气氛，氛围，环境；大气
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．prefer v．(preferred；preferred；preferring)更喜欢→preference n．偏爱；优先权
2．deliver v．递送，传送；发表；接生→delivery n．传递，递送；分娩；演讲风格
3．tend v．易于做某事，往往会发生某事；照料，护理→tendency n．趋势；趋向
4．criminal n．罪犯 adj.犯罪的→crime n．犯罪
5．prove v．证明，证实link-v.证明是，被发现是→proof n．证据
6．bitterly adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj.苦的；愤愤不平的；(天气)严寒的→bitterness n．愤恨；苦味
7．surroundings n．周围的事物，环境→surround vt.包围；围绕→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
8．illustrate v．(举例)说明，阐明；画插图→illustration n．说明；例证；图解
9．inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的→inspire vt.鼓舞，激励；激发灵感→inspiration n．灵感，启发；激励，鼓舞
10．strike v．击，打；袭击；打动，感动；划(火柴)；罢工；突然想到；(灾难、疾病等)侵袭；(钟)敲n.罢工→striking adj.显著的；突出的；引人注目的
11．advance n．进步，进展；预付款 vi.前进；进步vt.提出；促进，推动；预支(钱)→advanced adj.先进的；高级的
12．appointed adj.约定的，指定的→appoint v．约定；任命→appointment n．约会；任命
13．ashamed adj.感到不好意思的，难为情的→shame n．羞愧；憾事→shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的→shameless adj.不知羞耻的
14．location n．地点，位置→locate v．确定……的位置→located adj.坐落在
15．significantly adv.重大地；显著地→significant adj.重大的；显著的→insignificant adj.不重要的→significance n．意义；重要性
16．patience n．耐心→patient adj.耐心的 n．病人→patiently adv.耐心地→impatiently adv.没有耐心地
17．unusual adj.不平常的→usual adj.寻常的→usually adv.通常地
18．comfort n．安慰，慰藉vt.安慰→comfortable adj.舒适的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的
19．unfold v．(卷着的东西)展开，打开→fold v．折叠；合拢
20．enable v．使可能→able adj.能干的；有能力的→ability n．能力→unable adj.不能的
21．generosity n．慷慨，大方→generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→generously adv.慷慨地，大方地
22．adventure n．历险(经历)，奇遇→adventurous爱冒险的；大胆的；充满危险的
23．humour n．幽默感→humorous adj.幽默的
24．anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的；渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地→anxiety n．焦虑，不安；渴望
25．passion n．强烈的情感，激情→passionate adj.热诚的
26．fortune n．运气；大笔的钱，巨款→misfortune n．不幸→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunate adj.不幸的
27．distance v．使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系 n．距离→distant adj.遥远的；疏远的；心不在焉的；远亲的
积累——构词法　学一法　会一类
1．前缀en-/后缀-en: en可以加在形容词或名词前或后，使之变成动词，表示 “使处于……状态；使成为；使置于……之中；使变得”，如：large→enlarge，rich→enrich，danger→endanger，wide→widen，broad→broaden，fright→frighten等。
2．形容词后缀-ous/-ate/-ant表示“具有；是……的；有……性质的”，如：fame→famous，danger→dangerous，affection→affectionate，consider→considerate，please→pleasant等。
(1)In the distance，the sky was beginning to brighten(bright) and we were ready to head for the destination.
(2)My parents have always encouraged(courage) me in my choice of career.
(3)Tourists often disturb the delicate(delicacy) balance of nature on the island，which upsets the local people.
(4)These new crops must also be more resistant(resist) to drought，heat and pests.
(5)Being a courageous(courage) person，I will not be scared of any difficulty.
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．lose track of不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态
2．thanks to幸亏；多亏了；归功于
3．long for渴望
4．throw the baby out with the bathwater不分良莠一起抛弃
5．make one’s fortune发财
6．ought to 应该，应当
7．turn up出现，露面；开大，调高(音量等)；竖起；(尤指失去后偶然)被发现
8．stay in touch with与……保持联系
9．be up to胜任；取决于；忙于
10．keep...in mind将……记住
11．work out 解决；找……的答案；锻炼
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered？(What if...？“要是……会怎么样/怎么办？”)
要是获知远方朋友消息的唯一方式是写信，而信件会花很长时间邮寄，那会怎么样呢？
2．Whatever our hobbies，the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them，even if they live on the other side of the world.(whatever引导让步状语从句)
不管我们的爱好是什么，我们都能在网上结识同好，哪怕他们生活在世界的另一端。
3．But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.(what引导主语从句)
但是我们要牢记：我们在社交媒体上看到的信息往往不是一个人的全部真实情况。
4．This makes it clear to the other person that you are giving them a choice.(make＋it＋adj./n.＋that从句)
这让对方明白你是在给他们一个选择。
5．We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made，whatever they were going to be.(have＋宾语＋宾补)
我们认为，不管要做什么，二十年的时间足够自己找到出路、挣到钱。
体验——析真题长句　知高考难度
(2024·新课标 Ⅰ)This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby.
[句式分析]　 本句是主从复合句。because引导原因状语从句；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the people；recording ...nearby为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰citizen scientists。
[尝试翻译]　这是有道理的，因为通过移动设备获取生物多样性观察数据的人通常是公民科学家，他们记录的是在附近区域与物种的相遇。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．destiny n．命运，天命
2．bathwater n．浴水，洗澡水
3．pack n．小盒，小包
4．dine v．进餐
5．goods n．商品
6．correspond v．通信
7．chum n．好朋友
8．hustle v．拼命干，努力干
9．cigar n．雪茄烟
10．digital adj.数字的，数码的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共15分)
1．personality n．个性，性格
2．quality n．素质，品德；质量
3．forever adv.永远(＝for good)
4．click v．点击(鼠标) n．咔哒声；单击
5．update n．最新消息 v．更新
6．familiar adj.熟悉的
7．ordinary adj.普通的，平常的
8．teenager n．青少年，十几岁的孩子(13到19岁之间的孩子)
9．partner n．搭档
10．pour v．灌，注，倒
11．postpone v．使(事件、行动等)延期，推迟
12．acquire v．获得，得到
13．drag v．拖，拉
14．atmosphere n．气氛，氛围，环境；大气
15．maintain v．保持，维持；维修；保养
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．passion n．强烈的情感，激情→passionate adj.热诚的
2．prove v．证明，证实 link-v.证明是，被发现是→proof n．证据
3．surroundings n．周围的事物，环境→surround vt.包围；围绕→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的
4．significantly adv.重大地；显著地→significant adj.重大的；显著的→insignificant adj.不重要的→significance n．意义；重要性
5．bitterly adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj.苦的；愤愤不平的；(天气)严寒的→bitterness n．愤恨；苦味
6．location n．地点，位置→locate v．确定……的位置→located adj.坐落在
7．tend v．易于做某事，往往会发生某事；照料，护理→tendency n．趋势；趋向
8．enable v．使可能→able adj.能干的；有能力的→ability n．能力→unable adj.不能的
9．humour n．幽默感→humorous adj.幽默的
10．deliver v．递送，传送；发表；接生→delivery n．传递，递送；分娩；演讲风格
Ⅳ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．make one’s fortune发财
2．lose track of不了解……的情况，不了解……的动态
3．turn up出现，露面；竖起；开大，调高(音量等)；(尤指失去后偶然)被发现
4．work out 解决；找……的答案；锻炼
5．stay in touch with与……保持联系
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题3分，共30分)
1．He’s an enormously good doctor.He always has patience with his patients and talks with them patiently and never is he impatient.(patient)
2.Throughout his childhood my son had a preference(prefer) for science books，so he preferred reading/to read(read) them in his spare time，which had a powerful impact on him.
3．My partner has been appointed as chairman of the Students’ Council and I will write a letter to congratulate him on his appointment.(appoint)
4．I feel ashamed of my shameful action，which is a shame to me，so I must apologise to you.(shame)
5.Thanks to the advanced technology，we’ve made great advances in our project and we can complete the task in advance.(advance)
6．The professional lawyer is generous with his time and he willingly helps those in trouble generously.Those who have been helped are grateful to him for his generosity.(generous)
7．She was very fortunate to make her fortune，but unfortunately she was diagnosed with a deadly disease and all of her relatives sighed for her misfortune.(fortune)
8．When I was uncomfortable，he would comfort me gently，which made me rather comfortable.(comfort)
9．I couldn’t finish the essay for lack of inspiration.When I heard the inspiring music，I became inspired and completed it soon.(inspire)
10．He was anxious about my health and he told me anxiously to work out regularly，so to ease his anxiety，I did as I was told.(anxious)
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共20分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.我非常遗憾听说你在适应新的学校生活方面有很大的困难，你正在经历的一切确实让我担心。(what引导主语从句) 2．首先，学说普通话并和同学们交流想法会让你更容易交到新朋友。(make＋it＋adj.＋that从句) 3．当然，今后无论你遇到什么困难，请毫不犹豫地向我求助。(whatever引导让步状语从句) 4．在我看来，如果你采纳以上的建议，你可以令你的尴尬处境得到改善。(have＋宾语＋宾补) Dear Li Ming， I am terribly sorry to hear that you have great difficulty adapting to the new school life and 1.what you are going through does worry me.The following are my suggestions. First of all，learning to speak Putonghua and comparing notes with your classmates 2.will make it easy that you make new friends.What’s more，now that you prefer playing basketball，I will regularly invite you to improve skills together with me and my friends.Of course,3.whatever difficulties you come across from now on，please turn to me for help without hesitation. From my point of view,4.you can have your awkward situation improved if you take the above suggestions.Looking forward to your living a comfortable life there as soon as possible. Yours sincerely， Li Hua
Friendship proves to be an important part of teenagers’ life.Friendship 1.contains(contain) encouragement and comfort，friendship reflects generosity and passion，and friendship helps to relieve 2.anxiety(anxious)．Sometimes we will live bitterly，but once our chums turn up，we will be immersed in a happy atmosphere.In our life，thanks to our staunch friends,3.namely(name) our partners，we can hustle together，significantly making advances and eventually acquiring great success.In our spare time，we will dine at the appointed time or deliver the new goods to each other.Neither will we keep our friends at a distance nor will we postpone what our friends ask us to do；otherwise we would feel ashamed.4.Having(have) similar personalities，we also prefer taking adventures together,5.which in turn strengthens our friendship.And whatever happens，we will be struck by our friends’ inspiring words which enable us to advance towards 6.our(we) goals.It is with the development of digital technology and social media 7.that we don’t need to worry about losing track of our friends’ updates.Currently we tend to correspond 8.with each other by chatting software via wi-fi.But to maintain the quality of friendship，we also ought to pour in a few 9.grams(gram) of “smiles”，add a pack of “similar interests”，be 10.patient(patience) and finally put in a slice of “humour”．In summary，while we are leading a plain and ordinary life，we have the fortune to have good friends around us，making us bathed in delightful scenes forever.We always remember the old saying，“A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
prefer v．(preferred；preferred；preferring)更喜欢(preference n．偏爱；优先权)
·prefer doing/to do...更喜欢做…… prefer (doing) A to (doing) B　与(做)B相比更喜欢(做)A “宁愿做A而不愿做B”的常用表达有： prefer to do A rather than do B would rather do A than do B would do A rather than do B ·have/show (a) preference for...偏爱……
(1)Among all the subjects，I have a preference(prefer) for English and my staunch partner prefers chemistry to biology.
(2)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)大卫疲倦地拖着脚步，痛苦地喃喃自语：“我宁愿放弃越野跑，也不愿被其他孩子嘲笑。”
David dragged his feet tiredly，muttering to himself bitterly，“I prefer giving up the cross-country run to being laughed at by other kids./I prefer to give up the cross-country run rather than be laughed at by other kids./I would rather give up the cross-country run than be laughed at by other kids./I would give up the cross-country run rather than be laughed at by other kids.”
advance n．进步，进展；预付款 vi.前进；进步vt.提出；促进，推动；预支(钱)(advanced adj.先进的；高级的)
·in advance(＝ahead of time)预先；事先 make great advances (in)(在……方面)取得很大进步 ·advance on/towards sb/sth向某人/物前进
(1)(应用文写作之告知信)任何想要参加高级文学课程的人都应该提前报名。
Anyone who wants to take the advanced literature course ought to sign up for it in advance/ahead of time.
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)颁奖仪式结束后，我立刻走向老师的办公室。一见到老师，我兴奋地脱口而出：“没有您鼓舞人心的话语、安慰和耐心，我就不会在写作上取得巨大的进步。”
After the award presentation ceremony，I advanced on/towards my teacher’s office immediately.On seeing my teacher，I blurted out excitedly，“Without your inspiring words，comfort and patience，I wouldn’t have made great advances in my writing.”
anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的，担心的；渴望的(anxiously adv.焦虑地 anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望)
·be anxious about sth/for sb担心…… be anxious for sth渴望得到…… be anxious to do/that...渴望(做)……，非常希望(做)…… ·with anxiety(＝anxiously)焦急地
(1)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)我像箭一样焦急地冲进医院，气喘吁吁地说：“不要为我们即将到来的项目着急。我为你担心，衷心希望你能早日康复。”
I dashed to the hospital like an arrow anxiously/with anxiety，gasping，“Don’t be anxious about our upcoming project.I am anxious for you and sincerely hope that you can recover from your illness soon.”
(2)(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)Eva渴望在巨大的学校大楼里找到路，但她的方向感很差，她是如此焦虑，以至于焦虑的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。
Eva was anxious to find her way/was anxious that she could find her way in the huge school building，but with a poor sense of direction，so anxious was she that tears of anxiety poured down her cheeks.
strike v．击，打；袭击；打动，感动；划(火柴)；罢工；突然想到；(灾难、疾病等)侵袭；(钟)敲n.罢工(striking adj.显著的；突出的；引人注目的)
·be struck with/by被……所袭击/打动 sth strikes/occurs to/hits sb某人突然想到某事 It strikes sb that...(＝It occurs to/hits sb that...)某人突然想起…… ·on strike在罢工
(1)A good idea struck(strike) us that we could acquire what we were anxious for by negotiating peacefully instead of being on strike.
(2)(读后续写之心理描写)因为我感动于他为我所做的一切，我说不出话来，感激的泪水模糊了我的眼睛。
①Because I was struck by/with what he had done for me，I couldn’t utter a word，tears of gratitude clouding my eyes.
②Struck by/with what he had done for me，I couldn’t utter a word，tears of gratitude clouding my eyes.(用分词作状语改写)
(3)(2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Gunter突然想到他可以抄近路在约定的时间把我送到目的地，我松了口气。
It struck/occurred to/hit Gunter that he could take a shortcut to transport me to the destination at the appointed time and I sighed in relief.
turn up 出现，露面；竖起；开大，调高(音量等)；(尤指失去后偶然)被发现
turn down拒绝；调小 turn out结果是；生产；制造 turn to求助；翻到；查阅 turn in交还；提交 turn over 翻身；移交；转变
用turn短语的正确形式填空
(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)My partner had to turn over our project to me because of his illness.Though unsure about the project，I couldn’t turn him down.Whenever I came across what I couldn’t settle，I would turn to my partner for guidance.All the work finished，I turned in the project，with butterflies in my stomach.It turned out that our persuasive study won the highest grade.I galloped to the hospital before I wiped away tears of joy.When I turned up，my partner guessed our success and we beamed with pleasure.
make＋it＋adj./n.＋that从句　This makes it clear to the other person that you are giving them a choice.这让对方明白你是在给他们一个选择。
·此句型中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句，类似句型还有： make＋it＋adj./n.＋(for sb)＋to do sth make＋it＋useless/no use/no good...＋doing sth ·常用it作形式宾语的动词有consider，think，feel，find等。
(1)(应用文写作之建议信)要提高你的写作水平，你最好养成每天写日记的习惯。
To improve your writing，you’d better make it a rule that you keep a diary every day/to keep a diary every day.
(2)(2023·全国甲，书面表达)我认为了解有影响力的历史人物对我们来说很重要，他们的品质可以让我们受益匪浅。
I think/consider it important for us that we should learn about influential historical figures/to learn about influential historical figures，whose qualities can benefit us a lot.
(3)(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)觉得抱怨是没有用的，Eva站了起来，沿着走廊大步走，试图记住陌生环境中的不同地点。
Feeling it no use complaining，Eva rose to her feet，strode along the hallway and attempted to remember different locations in the unfamiliar surroundings.(现在分词短语作状语)
have＋宾语＋宾补　We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made，whatever they were going to be.我们认为，不管要做什么，二十年的时间足够自己找到出路、挣到钱。
have sth done使某事被做；请人做某事；主语遭遇某事 have sb do sth 让某人做某事 have sb/sth doing sth 让某人一直做某事或让某事物处于某种状态 can’t have sb doing sth 不能容忍某人做某事 have sth to do有某事要做
(1)(应用文写作之道歉信)我非常抱歉让你等我这么长时间，因为刚才我有一件紧急的事情要处理。
I am terribly sorry for having you waiting for me for so long，because I had an urgent thing to attend to just now.
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我的老师不能容忍我犯拼写和语法错误，所以他一遍又一遍地让我重写文章，直到他嘴角露出一丝微笑。正是因为他的耐心指导和高标准，我的文章才得到了广泛认可，我紧紧地拥抱着老师，哽咽着说：“谢谢。”。
My teacher couldn’t have me making spelling and grammatical mistakes，so he had me rewrite the article over and over again until a small smile curled at the corner of his mouth.It was because of his patient guidance and high standards that I had my essay widely recognized，and I embraced my teacher tightly，choking out，“Thanks！”
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．Lin Qiaozhi，known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”，had delivered① 50,000 babies in her lifetime.She once delivered② a speech concerning how to improve women’s and babies’ health.Meanwhile，she often had foods and clothes delivered③ to poor pregnant women.
①vt.接生　②vt.发表　③vt.递送，传送
2．My boss advanced① towards me，patted me on the shoulder and advanced② an idea that I should go back to college to advance③ my career，promising to advance④ my next year’s salary to me.I spared no effort to advance⑤ in my studies，swearing that I would work for the company after graduation.
①vi.前进　②vt.提出　③vt.促进，推动　④vt.预支(钱) 　⑤vi.进步
3．With the clock striking① nine，it struck② me that my brother would be on strike③ together with his colleagues.Although a rainstorm was striking④ the city，I put on my coat，drove my car and dashed for the spot，where my brother was unluckily struck⑤ by a tree branch on the head.What struck⑥ me most was that his workmates were rushing him to hospital.
①vt.(钟)敲　②vt.突然想到　③n.罢工　④vt.(灾难、疾病等)侵袭　⑤vt.击，打　⑥vt.打动，感动
4．With his coat collar turned up① against the outside chill wind，he finally turned up② at my home.Because I had turned up③ my television，he had to raise his voice to inform me that his lost gold watch turned up④，just under the sofa.
①竖起　②出现，露面　③开大，调高(音量等) 　④(尤指失去后偶然)被发现
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.Currently I have no option but to postpone buying(buy) the advanced facilities due to a range of reasons.
2.Nowadays teenagers tend to chat(chat) with their friends on social media.
3．Located(locate) in an enormously distant area，the place of interest still appeals to millions of visitors throughout the whole year.
4．Struck(strike) by what he had done，I couldn’t contain my excitement and tears rolled down my cheeks.
5．When I learnt that he was not familiar with the common sense，my jaw dropped.
6．I am ashamed to admit(admit) that I have never read the series of Harry Potter.
7．As far as I am concerned，the above suggestions enable us to bridge(bridge) the generation gap.
8．He is popular with us because of his generosity(generous) and kindness，so I think that he can be responsible for the task.
9．I was fortunate(fortune) enough to observe the Spring Festival together with you.
10．I have a series of problems to settle(settle)，so I can’t go to the cinema tonight.
2022·浙江1月 假定你是李华，在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”活动中结识了爱尔兰朋友Chris，现在他已回国。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.回忆活动经历； 2.分享个人收获； 3.希望保持联系。
完成句子
1．自从在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”上相遇后，我们已经很久没有见面了，但我们的相识和节日本身都留在了我的记忆中。(but引导的并列句；have＋宾语＋宾补)
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2．事实证明，这个节日真的是一场盛宴，完全把我镇住了。(it作形式主语；turn out；现在分词短语作状语)
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3．文化沙龙以两国典型的文化元素为特色，让我得以更容易地一窥两国充满活力的文化的多样性和丰富性。(which引导的非限制性定语从句；make＋it＋adj.＋to do)
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4．最打动我的是文化之夜，两国人民在那里呈现了精心准备的艺术表演。(what引导的主语从句；strike；where引导的非限制性定语从句)
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5．无论将来发生什么，我都会永远珍惜我们的友谊。(whatever引导让步状语从句)
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组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear Chris，
How is everything going We haven’t seen each other for a long time since we met at the China-Ireland Culture Festival，but I have had our acquaintance and the festival itself kept in my memory.
It turned out that the festival was really a feast，entirely holding me in its power.The culture salon，which featured the typical cultural elements of the two countries，made it easier for me to gain a glimpse into the diversity and richness of the two dynamic cultures.And what struck me most was the Culture Night，where people from both countries presented their well-prepared art performances.It stimulated my passion for further understanding of Ireland and its culture.
Whatever comes in the future，I will always treasure our friendship.I hope that we can keep in contact with each other.Your early reply is greatly appreciated.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　passion；anxious；be struck by；bitterly；ashamed
[人物描写]　familiar；inspiring；generosity；humour；quality；ordinary；scar；staunch；personality
[动作描写]　pour；comfort；distance；drag；hustle；lose track of；advance；tend
美句 1.As Aristotle said，no one would choose to live without friends，even if he had all other goods.(结尾升华句) 2．He goes up to the man and finds he has a scar on his face.(动作描写)(外貌描写) 3．Stepping out of jail into the cold wind，Bob，now 58，felt lost and helpless.(情感描写) 4．Doubtfully，Bob unfolded the note.His hands were shaking by the time he had finished reading.(动作描写) 5．“You’re Jimmy’s son？！” Bob shouted in surprise.(情感描写)
拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：喜悦与快乐(一)
单词 overjoyed adj.狂喜的　delight v．使高兴 n．高兴→delighted adj.高兴的　pleasure n．高兴，快乐→pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→pleasant adj.令人愉快的，舒适的
词块 to one’s delight/joy/entertainment令某人高兴的是　be wild with joy/delight/happiness欣喜若狂　dance/jump for/with joy高兴得跳起舞来/跳起来　delighted/pleased beyond description高兴得无法形容　grin from ear to ear 咧嘴大笑，笑得合不拢嘴
句型 The thought of the moments shared with my grandpa filled me with great joy.(无灵主语句) 一想到与爷爷共度的时光，我就充满了喜悦。 The children were thrilled/wild with joy at the sight of...孩子们一看到……就欣喜若狂。 Then came a voice far from where we were，bathing us in extreme joy.(倒装句；现在分词短语作状语) 那时，从远处传来一个声音，使我们沉浸在极大的欢乐中。 A bright smile spread across her face.(无灵主语句)她脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容。 So overjoyed were we that we danced with joy，with bright smiles spreading across our faces.(倒装句；with复合结构)我们高兴得手舞足蹈，脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容。
语料运用　友谊
①The thought of last weekend’s activity shared with my friends filled me with great joy(无灵主语句)．To start with，we had a picnic in the park，pouring out humorous stories and grinning from ear to ear.Afterward，we played a fun game of football，②bathing us in extreme joy(现在分词短语作状语)．I was wild with joy at the sight of everyone’s enjoying the moment of get-together to their heart’s content.With the sun beginning to set，we decided to hold a barbecue party.③With bright smiles spreading across our faces(with的复合结构)，we were grilling and enjoying burgers and hotdogs.Then，we rose to our feet，advanced towards the grassland and began to sing and dance to the music.We were pleased beyond description.④So delighted were we that we would never forget this experience(倒装句)．
一想到上周末与朋友们分享的活动，我就满是喜悦。首先，我们在公园野餐，滔滔不绝地讲着幽默的故事，笑得合不拢嘴。之后，我们进行了一场有趣的足球比赛，让我们沉浸在极度的喜悦中。看到大家尽情地享受欢聚的时刻，我欣喜若狂。随着太阳开始下山，我们决定举行一次烧烤聚会。脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容，我们在烧烤，享用汉堡和热狗。然后，我们站起来，向草地走去，开始随着音乐唱歌跳舞。我们高兴得无法形容。我们非常高兴，以至于我们永远不会忘记这次经历。
单元主题组合练
[62.5分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·河北沧州一模)
The days of just teaching kids their ABCs are long gone.Modern educators are ①tasked with the seemingly impossible responsibility of ensuring that today’s youth are academically prepared for life outside the classroom：being self-aware，self-managing，socially aware，relationship-building and responsible ②decision-makers who positively contribute to society.That is quite an ③ask!
Social-emotional learning(SEL) answers this call and delivers upon this tall order.It is a method to improve students’ intrapersonal(内心的)，interpersonal，and cognitive competence.This process improves individual students’ skills and makes for a community of successful learners willing and able to positively contribute to society.This theory truly allows individuals to develop well.
SEL has effectively predicted positive school adjustment in the school setting，promoted learning engagement，minimized discipline problems，increased high school graduation rates，and promoted future employment and adult health.A core component of SEL is helping children understand their emotions.Further，not only is it vital that youngsters can identify various emotions，but they must also be able to manage the emotions they experience.
Developing an identity is necessary for maturing adults，and SEL satisfies this requirement.In assisting students in developing their identity，SEL helps to increase self-confidence，self-compassion，identification of strengths and needs，and recognition of needs，values，and judgments.
In the classroom，SEL has been shown to positively impact students’ attitudes，behaviors，and academic performance.Further，it decreases negative behaviors，such as being off-task or aggressive，and substance abuse.SEL enhances the learning environment and makes it a safe place for learning.
Not only is SEL critical for students’ mental health，but it is also important for teachers’ mental health.SEL increases teacher-reported effectiveness for behavior management and decreases reports of teacher ④burnout.Ultimately，SEL creates a calmer classroom environment，which makes educating students much easier.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社会情感学习 SEL 的概念以及应用。
1．What does the underlined word “That” in paragraph 1 stand for
A．Teaching kids their ABCs.
B．Preparing students for life beyond class.
C．All the hopes placed on students.
D．Teaching students self-management.
答案　B
解析　代词指代题。根据画线词前面的内容“Modern educators are tasked with the seemingly impossible responsibility of ensuring that today’s youth are academically prepared for life outside the classroom：being self-aware，self-managing，socially aware，relationship-building and responsible decision-makers who positively contribute to society.”可知，现代教育工作者肩负着一项看似不可能的责任，那就是确保今天的年轻人在学术上为课堂之外的生活做好准备。故画线词指代的是“让学生们为课堂之外的生活做好准备”。故选B。
2．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2
A．How to be a successful learner.
B．How to meet the students’ needs.
C．What is needed for a community.
D．What is social-emotional learning.
答案　D
解析　段落大意题。根据第二段中“Social-emotional learning (SEL) answers this call and delivers upon this tall order.”以及“It is a method to improve students’ intrapersonal(内心的)，interpersonal，and cognitive competence.”可知，本段开头引出了社会情感学习的概念，下文介绍了社会情感学习的作用。所以本段主要探讨了什么是社会情感学习。故选D。
3．What is the most important part of SEL
A．Giving students a definite identity.
B．Allowing students to predict their future.
C．Guaranteeing students’ future employment.
D．Helping students understand and manage emotions.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“A core component of SEL is helping children understand their emotions.Further，not only is it vital that youngsters can identify various emotions，but they must also be able to manage the emotions they experience.”可知，SEL的一个核心组成部分是帮助孩子们理解情绪，进而管理情绪。故选D。
4．What can we infer about SEL from the last paragraph
A．It is a win-win method.
B．It is criticized by students.
C．It may make teachers tired.
D．It is a magical tool for teachers.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Not only is SEL critical for students’ mental health，but it is also important for teachers’ mental health.”可知，社会情感学习不仅对学生的心理健康至关重要，而且对老师的心理健康也很重要。由此可知，这是一个双赢的方法。故选A。
语境猜词 ①task(熟义：n.任务，工作) 生义(文义)：v.交给某人(任务)；派给某人(工作) ②decision-maker(合)＝decision＋maker n．决策人 ③ask(熟义：v.询问) 生义(文义)：n.难以做到的事情；棘手的事 ④burnout(合)＝burn＋out n．精疲力竭，精神崩溃
B
There’s a long line of research showing that when we make contact with people who’re socially different from us，we tend to feel less prejudice towards them.According to the contact theory，contact seems to work best for reducing prejudice when the contact is generally positive.But what happens when the conditions for interpersonal contact may not be ideal For example，what if you feel threatened in some way by a group of people you see as “the other”？
Researchers from Ghent University in Belgium analyzed the results of 34 studies ①surveying nearly 64,000 people from 19 countries to see how intergroup contact affected their viewpoints about “outgroups” under conflict situations.For example，people were asked to report on how they viewed other groups.The researchers also had data from the surveys that measured attitudes towards ②outgroup members，such as how positive people felt towards them and how much they could trust them.
After analyzing the data，the researchers found strong feelings of threat were associated with more negative views of outgroup members.But having contact with outgroup members still reduced prejudice just as much under those ③unfavorable conditions.To Jasper Van Assche，the lead author of the paper，this suggests contact theory holds even under conflict situations.
Van Assche says that contact is so powerful probably because just being around people from an outgroup affects how we think and feel about them.As we become accustomed to even the mere presence of people from other groups，that can reduce our anxiety，especially if the encounters are positive—and that can lead to warmer feelings.Also，contact can enhance our knowledge about others’ customs and practices，so that they don’t seem so ④foreign or “other” to us.
Van Assche hopes his research can lead people to see the benefits of integrating the spaces where they live.This could be done through top-down methods，such as the government requiring school integration，but also from the bottom up.For example，suggests Van Assche，communities could create low-cost，low-key events that bring people together，helping to promote tolerance.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。研究发现与来自不同群体的人接触可以减少人与人之间的偏见，从而帮助人们建立联系。
5．Why are the questions raised in paragraph 1
A．To inspire readers’ imagination.
B．To argue against the contact theory.
C．To show the author’s curiosity.
D．To offer the purpose of the study.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“According to the contact theory，contact seems to work best for reducing prejudice when the contact is generally positive.But what happens when the conditions for interpersonal contact may not be ideal For example，what if you feel threatened in some way by a group of people you see as ‘the other’？”并结合下文的研究发现可推断，第一段提问是为了给出研究的目的。故选D。
6．Why can interpersonal contact reduce prejudice
A．It improves people’s adaptive capacity.
B．It increases people’s desire to socialize.
C．It promotes each other’s understanding.
D．It makes people emotionally stable.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“As we become accustomed to even the mere presence of people from other groups，that can reduce our anxiety，especially if the encounters are positive—and that can lead to warmer feelings.Also，contact can enhance our knowledge about others’ customs and practices，so that they don’t seem so foreign or ‘other’ to us.”可知，人际接触之所以能减少偏见是因为它可以增进人与人之间的了解。故选C。
7．What might be Van Assche’s advice according to the text
A．Expanding communities on the whole.
B．Increasing chances of positive contact.
C．Strengthening interactions between schools.
D．Offering equal education opportunities to diverse groups.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“For example，suggests Van Assche，communities could create low-cost，low-key events that bring people together，helping to promote tolerance.”可知，Van Assche建议增加不同群体之间积极接触的机会。故选B。
8．What can be the best title of the text
A．People Involved in Equal Contact Are Generally Positive
B．Opportunities for Intergroup Contact Are on the Rise
C．The Interventions Based on Contact Are Unhealthy
D．Interpersonal Contact Can Help People Connect
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段中“There’s a long line of research showing that when we make contact with people who’re socially different from us，we tend to feel less prejudice towards them.”并结合全文内容可知，文章主要说明了研究发现与来自不同群体的人接触可以减少人与人之间的偏见，从而帮助人们建立联系。故选D。
语境猜词 ①survey(转)n.→v.做调查 ②outgroup(合)＝out＋group n．外群体，外团体 ③unfavorable(派)＝un＋favor＋able adj.不利的 ④foreign(熟义：adj.外国的) 生义(文义)：adj.陌生的；不熟悉的
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·福建漳州质检)
“Medicine and technology may fail us at times，but human connection ①grounded in love and compassion always heals(治愈)．” Those words from Dr.Vivek Murthy are ②relatable to many of us in the medical community who increasingly encounter individuals suffering from loneliness.There are many complex factors driving loneliness，but it is clear that positive social connections do in fact “heal”． 1 They may even prolong our life span.Here are several actions you can take to improve your social connections and support your health.
2 For instance，a simple smile to a stranger，a friendly exchange with a store clerk，or a curious question about a pin or piece of jewelry on a colleague can enrich your daily life.
For more substantial connections，explore activities with shared munity centers，libraries and online groups are great munity centers organize a wide range of activities for social connections. 3 Joining a walking group，volunteering at a food bank，or simply calling a long-lost friend can provide a sense of community and purpose.
Our deepest social connections are provided by those closest to us. 4 By engaging in ③open-ended conversations，we can build even more profound and supportive bonds.Such relationships are not only about the easy times；they also involve navigating challenging discussions，which should be approached as chances to learn and grow together.
5 But by taking steps now to start to build a foundation for strong positive social connections in our future，we can make ourselves and our country as a whole healthier.
A．Deep social connections can also come with some drawbacks.
B．There may be no quick fixes to a desperate state of loneliness.
C．Loneliness can lead to feelings of sadness and a lack of purpose.
D．Even short，positive interactions may positively impact our health.
E．These connections greatly improve our physical and mental well-being.
F．Libraries often host book signings and lectures that encourage engagement.
G．Intentionally developing these relationships is crucial for strong social support.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何改善社交联系并保持健康。
1．答案　E
解析　上文“There are many complex factors driving loneliness，but it is clear that positive social connections do in fact ‘heal’．”提到积极的社会关系能“治愈”孤独。选项E“这些关系能大大改善我们的身心健康”承接上文内容，下文“它们甚至能延长我们的生命”是对选项E的语意递进。故选E。
2．答案　D
解析　下文“For instance，a simple smile to a stranger，a friendly exchange with a store clerk，or a curious question about a pin or piece of jewelry on a colleague can enrich your daily life.”说明一些简短的友好联系。选项D“即使是短暂的积极联系也可能影响我们的健康”引领下文内容，符合语境。故选D。
3．答案　F
解析　上文“Community centers，libraries and online groups are great resources.”提到三种活动来源，空前一句介绍了社群中心，空后一句介绍了各种组织，可推知空处是关于图书馆，选项F是说明图书馆的活动内容，符合语境。故选F。
4．答案　G
解析　根据上文“Our deepest social connections are provided by those closest to us.”可知这里介绍了与最亲近之人的联系。选项G承接上文内容，指出有意识地发展这些关系的重要性。故选G。
5．答案　B
解析　根据下文“But by taking steps now to start to build a foundation for strong positive social connections in our future，we can make ourselves and our country as a whole healthier.”中的But可知，上下文构成转折关系。选项B“对于极度孤独的状态，可能没有快速的解决方法”和下文形成语意的转折关系，符合语境。故选B。
语境猜词 ①ground(转)n.→v.以……为基础 ②relatable(派)＝relat(e)＋able adj.可理解的；有关联的 ③open-ended(合＋派)＝open＋end＋ed adj.开放式的；没有限制的
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
I often lock myself out.So，when I 1 into a studio apartment for my second year of school，I knew it would be wise to get to know my 2 .
Ali，a law student，was my ①across-the-hall neighbor.Though I am generally a little 3 ，I introduced myself，“I’m Sophie.I just moved in.Do you think we could exchange phone numbers in case one of us gets 4 ？”
He agreed.A few days later，I received a 5 from him.“Hey，it’s Ali! I left a box of chocolates by your door.” Such kindness 6 through the highs and lows of school days. 7 ，he knocked and I saw the smiles on his face，but most of the time we 8 small gifts—stickers，baked goods，and the like.
Inspired by Ali’s 9 ②generosity，I decided to pass it on.I 10 a loaf of ③homemade bread outside Ali’s door，and a bowl of soup to a neighbor down the hall. 11 ，these neighbors 12 kind notes under my door，and greeted me warmly in the hallways.Now I’m in a new apartment for my final year of school and have roommates to let me in when I lose my 13 ，but I will always remember the 14 that a small act of 15 can make in others’ life.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为怕自己被锁在外面而与邻居交换了联系方式，从交换小礼物等善意的举动开始，她和邻居们建立了深厚的友谊。
1．A.checked B．moved
C．fitted D．walked
答案　B
解析　根据第二段中作者的自我介绍“I’m Sophie.I just moved in.”可知，此处指刚新搬到一栋单间公寓时。故选B。
2．A.students B．friends
C．neighbors D．owners
答案　C
解析　根据下文“Ali，a law student，was my across-the-hall neighbor.”和“a neighbor down the hall”可知，作者要去认识一下新邻居。故选C。
3．A.shy B．confident
C．careful D．nervous
答案　A
解析　根据空前“Though I am generally a little”以及空后“I introduced myself”可知，前后是转折关系，作者尽管很腼腆，但是还是主动介绍了自己。故选A。
4．A.kicked out B．sorted out
C．ruled out D．locked out
答案　D
解析　kick out逐出；sort out整理；rule out把……排除在外；lock out把……锁在门外。根据上文“I often lock myself out.”可知，作者经常把自己锁在门外，所以想要和邻居交换一下电话号码以防以后被锁在外面。故选D。
5．A.telegram B．letter
C．message D．present
答案　C
解析　根据上文“Do you think we could exchange phone numbers”“He agreed.”以及下文“‘Hey，it’s Ali! I left a box of chocolates by your door.’”可知，作者和Ali交换了电话号码，此处指收到Ali发来的信息。故选C。
6．A.continued B．suspended
C．returned D．appeared
答案　A
解析　根据下文“he knocked and I saw the smiles on his face，but most of the time we ________ small gifts—stickers，baked goods，and the like”可知，自从Ali送给作者一盒巧克力后，他们表达善意、互送小礼物的行为一直继续。故选A。
7．A.Frequently B．Occasionally
C．Normally D．Typically
答案　B
解析　根据空后“but most of the time”可知，设空处应填“Occasionally”与“most of the time”相对应，表示二人偶尔面对面交流，但更多时候是互送小礼物。故选B。
8．A.opened B．bought
C．borrowed D．exchanged
答案　D
解析　根据下文“Inspired by Ali’s ________ generosity，I decided to pass it on.I ________ a loaf of homemade bread outside Ali’s door，and a bowl of soup to a neighbor down the hall.”可知，作者和Ali经常互送小礼物。故选D。
9．A.unrecognized B．unexpected
C．unrecorded D．unreported
答案　B
解析　unrecognized未被承认的；unexpected令人意外的；unrecorded未记录下来的；unreported未经报道的，未报告的。根据上文“Do you think we could exchange phone numbers in case one of us gets ________？”以及“A few days later，I received a ________ from him.‘Hey，it’s Ali! I left a box of chocolates by your door.’”可知，作者和Ali刚成为邻居互相认识，几天后Ali给作者送了一盒巧克力，这是出乎作者意料的。故选B。
10．A.laid B．threw
C．spread D．served
答案　A
解析　根据上文“Hey，it’s Ali! I left a box of chocolates by your door.”以及“Inspired by Ali’s ________ generosity，I decided to pass it on.”可知，受到Ali在作者门口放小礼物的启发，作者也在他门口放了自制的面包。故选A。
11．A.In short B．In reality
C．In return D．In general
答案　C
解析　根据上文“I ________ a loaf of homemade bread outside Ali’s door，and a bowl of soup to a neighbor down the hall.”可知，作者给邻居送了东西，作为对作者善意的回报，他们会在走廊里热情地跟作者打招呼。故选C。
12．A.slid B．compared
C．made D．took
答案　A
解析　slide(使)快捷而悄声地移动。根据空后“kind notes under my door”可知，邻居们会把表达善意的纸条从门下面塞进来。故选A。
13．A.boxes B．phones
C．gifts D．keys
答案　D
解析　根据上文“I often lock myself out.”以及句中“have roommates to let me in”可知，当作者丢了钥匙被锁在门外时，会有室友给作者开门。故选D。
14．A.attempt B．adaptation
C．difference D．contact
答案　C
解析　根据上文作者受邻居送小礼物的影响而开始给邻居们送小礼物表达善意的故事以及句中“that a small act of ________ can make in others’ life”可知，一些友好的举动、善意的行为能够对别人产生影响；make a difference“起作用，有影响”符合语境。故选C。
15．A.wisdom B．kindness
C．justice D．faith
答案　B
解析　根据上文“Inspired by Ali’s ________ generosity，I decided to pass it on.I ________ a loaf of homemade bread outside Ali’s door，and a bowl of soup to a neighbor down the hall.________，these neighbors ________ kind notes under my door，and greeted me warmly in the hallways.”可知，本文讲述了作者受邻居送小礼物的影响，开始和邻居互送小礼物，友好善意的行为能够对别人产生影响。故选B。
语境猜词 ①across-the-hall(合)＝across＋the＋hall adj.走廊对面的；对门的 ②generosity(派)＝genero(u)s＋ity n．慷慨；大方 ③homemade(合)＝home＋made adj.自家制的
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Playing an instrument or singing in a choir may boost your brain.For generations，parents 1.________(encourage) their children to practice playing musical instruments.Parents have good reason to ①prioritize their children’s musical education.Learning an instrument is not only associated with 2.____________(good) educational ②attainment but also with improved cognitive abilities and intelligence scores in children.
The results of a recent study 3.____________(investigate) this question showed that musical people had better memory and the ability to stay 4.________(focus) on tasks than those with less or no musicality.
However,5.____________ made a difference among those who played an instrument was whether they continued to play 6.____________ had only played in the past.Current amateur musicians exhibited the highest cognitive performance among participants.
Continued engagement 7.____________ cognitively stimulating activities，like playing an instrument，is likely 8.____________(lead) to sustained brain health.In contrast，playing the recorder for only three years in primary school may not 9.__________(significant) impact our cognitive performance later in life.
Given the overall benefits of learning an instrument or participating in a choir，engaging in such a cognitive 10.____________(stimulate) as we age could be beneficial.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。研究表明，学习乐器或者参加合唱团对大脑有好处。
1．答案　have encouraged/have been encouraging
解析　考查时态和主谓一致。根据“For generations”可知，句子用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能仍然要继续下去，主语parents表示复数意义，助动词用have，故填have encouraged/have been encouraging。
2．答案　better
解析　考查形容词比较级。根据下文的并列关系“but also with improved cognitive abilities and intelligence scores”可知，此处指“学习一种乐器不仅与更好的教育成就有关”，应用形容词比较级，故填better。
3．答案　investigating
解析　考查非谓语动词。动词investigate与study之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填investigating。
4．答案　focused
解析　考查形容词。stay在句中用作连系动词，空处应用形容词作表语，focused“注意力集中的”，故填focused。
5．答案　what
解析　考查主语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用what引导，故填what。
6．答案　or
解析　考查连词。whether...or...“是……还是……”，故填or。
7．答案　in
解析　考查介词。engagement in...“参与……”，故填in。
8．答案　to lead
解析　考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth“可能做某事”，故填to lead。
9．答案　significantly
解析　考查副词。修饰动词impact应用副词形式，故填significantly。
10．答案　stimulator
解析　考查名词。结合空前的“a cognitive”可知，空处应填单数名词stimulator，故填stimulator。
语境猜词 ①prioritize(派)＝prior＋it(y)＋ize v．优先处理 ②attainment(派)＝attain＋ment n．成就Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．Atlantic 　　　 adj.大西洋的
2．whale n．鲸
3．migrate v．移栖，迁徙
4．migration n．迁徙
5．crash v．暴跌；溃败；(计算机)崩溃；碰撞
6．per cent n．百分比
7．creature n．生物，动物
8．flow chart 流程图，作业图
9．element n．基本部分，要素
10．the elements 天气(尤指坏天气)
11．breathtaking adj.令人惊叹的
12．eagle n．鹰
13．capture v．(用文字或图片)记录，捕捉；捕获
14．file n．档案，文件
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．charity n．慈善机构，慈善团体
2．annual adj.一年一度的，每年的
3．seek v．寻找，寻求
4．professor n．教授
5．measure v．量，测量；估量，衡量
link-v.(尺寸、数量等)量度为
n．措施，办法；尺度
6．position n．职位，职务；位置；处境，状况；态度，观点；地位，
等级；(比赛中的)名次
vt.放置，安放，使处于
7．eventually adv.终于，最终
8．chemical n．化学品
adj.化学(作用)的
9．idiom n．习语，成语
10．authority n．当权，权力
11．source n．来源，出处
12．button n．按钮；纽扣
13．encounter v．意外地相遇，与……邂逅
n．意外的相遇，邂逅
14．per prep.每
15．path n．小径，小道
16．stare v．凝视，盯着看
17．image n．图像，影像
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．mystery n．难以理解的事物，谜→mysterious adj.不可思议的；(人)神秘的
2．recover v．(从糟糕经历中)恢复→recovery n．恢复
3．effect n．影响，结果→effective adj.有效的
4．solution n．解决，解决方法→solve vt.解决
5．destroy v．破坏，毁掉→destruction n．破坏，摧毁
6．reaction n．(对某一情形或事件的)反应→react vi.做出反应；回应
7．accommodation n．住处，工作场所→accommodate v．提供住宿
8．determine v．测定，确定；决定→determined adj.有决心的→determination n．决心，果断
9．concentrate v．专注，专心→concentration n．专心→concentrated adj.集中的
10．variety n．多样化，变化→various adj.多种多样的→vary vi.变化；不同
11．shock n．吃惊，震惊；休克；令人震惊的事 vt.使震惊 →shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的
12．freeze v．(froze，frozen) 突然停止，呆住；(使)结冰→freezing adj.极冷的→frozen adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的
13．amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的→amaze v．使惊讶→amazed adj.感到惊讶的→amazement n．惊奇；惊愕
14．photographer n．摄影师→photograph n．照片 vi.& vt.(为……)拍照→photography n．摄影；摄影术
15．survive v．活下来，幸存于；艰难度过；生存，存活；比……活得长；保存下来→survival n．幸存；残存物→survivor n．幸存者
16．found v．创立，创建→founder n．创立者，缔造者→foundation n．建立，创办；基金会
积累——构词法　学一法　会一类
名词后缀-er/-or/-ment：
1．名词后缀-er/-or表示“从事某种职业的人，……的人”，如：play→player，teach→teacher，act→actor，direct→director，visit→visitor等。
2．名词后缀-ment表示“……的行为(或结果)”，如：move→movement，agree→agreement等。
(1)It will result in the establishment(establish) of the world’s largest marine reserve.
(2)All of these devices can help the operator(operate) maintain a good flight position.
(3)He is a good observer(observe) who is accurate，patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes.
(4)Unexpectedly，the announcement(announce) only resulted in confusion.
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．kill two birds with one stone一举两得，一箭双雕
2．hold your horses慢点，别急
3．rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨
4．brave the elements不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
5．after all毕竟，终究
6．manage to do sth成功做某事
7．the solution to...……的解决办法
8．at a speed of以……的速度
9．show respect to尊重
10．cut down 砍倒；削减
11．feed on以……为食
12．concentrate on把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
13．fall off从……掉下来
14．recover from从……恢复
15．from time to time不时，偶尔
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble.(when引导定语从句)
黑脉金斑蝶这一惊人能力的奥秘被揭开时，这一生物正处于水深火热的生存状态中。
2．Sadly，human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.(the reason why...)
可悲的是，人类活动是黑脉金斑蝶数量正在下降的主要原因。
3．The more we know about this lovely creature，the greater the chance it will survive...(the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..)
我们对这种迷人的生物了解越多，它活下来的可能性就越大……
4．An eagle flew over the snow-capped mountains，which were reflected in the still lake below.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
白雪皑皑的山峰倒映在山脚下平静的湖面上，一只鹰掠过山顶。
5．It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.(强调句)
毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。
体验——析真题长句　知高考难度
(2024·浙江1月)We’re not tempted by sugary treats，but by our computers，phones，and tablets—all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.
[句式分析]　本句是主从复合句。句中含有“not...but...”结构。that connect...information和that do to us...preschoolers都是定语从句，分别修饰先行词all the devices和various types of information；第二个从句中包含“A do to B what C do to D”这一固定句型，表示“A对B的作用就像C对D的作用一样”。
[尝试翻译]　诱惑我们的不是甜食，而是我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑——所有将我们与各种信息的全球传递系统连接起来的设备，这些信息对我们的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的作用一样。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．capture v．(用文字或图片)记录，捕捉；捕获
2．crash v．暴跌；溃败；(计算机)崩溃；碰撞
3．migrate v．移栖，迁徙
4．creature n．生物，动物
5．eagle n．鹰
6．per cent n．百分比
7．flow chart 流程图，作业图
8．file n．档案，文件
9．element n．基本部分，要素
10．breathtaking adj.令人惊叹的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．annual adj.一年一度的，每年的
2．image n．图像，影像
3．measure v．量，测量；估量，衡量 link-v.(尺寸、数量等)量度为 n．措施，办法；尺度
4．position n．职位，职务；位置；处境，状况；态度，观点；地位，等级；(比赛中的)名次 vt.放置，安放，使处于
5．stare v．凝视，盯着看
6．eventually adv.终于，最终
7．chemical n．化学品 adj.化学(作用)的
8．source n．来源，出处
9．encounter v．意外地相遇，与……邂逅 n．意外的相遇，邂逅
10．seek v．寻找，寻求
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共20分)
1．found v．创立，创建→founder n．创立者，缔造者→foundation n．建立，创办；基金会
2．recover v．(从糟糕经历中)恢复→recovery n．恢复
3．effect n．影响，结果→ effective adj.有效的
4．freeze v．(froze，frozen) 突然停止，呆住；(使)结冰→freezing adj.极冷的→frozen adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的
5．destroy v．破坏，毁掉→destruction n．破坏，摧毁
6．mystery n．难以理解的事物，谜→mysterious adj.不可思议的；(人)神秘的
7．reaction n．(对某一情形或事件的)反应→react vi.做出反应；回应
8．accommodation n．住处，工作场所→accommodate v．提供住宿
9．photographer n．摄影师→photograph n．照片 vi.& vt.(为……)拍照→photography n．摄影；摄影术
10．solution n．解决，解决方法→solve vt.解决
Ⅳ.核心短语(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．brave the elements不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨
2．rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨
3．recover from从……恢复
4．manage to do sth成功做某事
5．show respect to尊重
6．at a speed of以……的速度
7．kill two birds with one stone一举两得，一箭双雕
8．cut down 砍倒；削减
9．concentrate on把注意力集中于，全神贯注于
10．feed on以……为食
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题3分，共30分)
1．What amazed me most was that the old man had an amazing adventure alone on the highest mountain in Shandong.I was also amazed to find(find) that he had a large stamp collection.(amaze)
2．We were shocked by the shocking news that the man in charge of the local charity organization died suddenly yesterday.(shock)
3．The only survivor who survived the terrible car accident told her chums that it was the safety belt that contributed to her survival.(survive)
4．The teacher asked the teenagers to concentrate on the math class，because a lack of concentration(concentrate) contributed to poor academic performances.
5．To serve various types of customers，this firm provides a variety of goods，varying from pots to packs of cookies.(vary)
6．He said with determination that he determined to travel across the Atlantic and nothing could make him less determined.(determine)
7．It is freezing cold in this area and the lake has frozen over，so I eventually decided to stay at home.(freeze)
8．The chap gradually recovered from the sadness with the help of his friends and sister，and everyone was waiting for his full recovery(recover)．
9．The photographer has photographed a wide range of street scenes，and his photographs prove to be popular on the Internet.(photograph)
10.Thanks to his proposal，I can come up with an effective solution to the problem，which I have difficulty solving(solve)．
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共15分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.然而，噪声变得越来越大，这使我无法入睡。(which引导的非限制性定语从句) 2．就在那时，我明白了Max大声吠叫的原因。(强调句型；the reason why) 3．我越想所发生的事情，我就越感激我的狗。(the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..) When I heard some strange noise one night，I thought my pet dog，Max，was running and scratching the ground，so I paid no attention to it and tried to sleep again.However，the noise became louder and louder,1.which made me unable to fall asleep.I had no option but to open the door.On seeing me，Max wagged its tail and dashed madly toward the kitchen，where I could smell a strong burning scent.2.It was at that time that I realized the reason why Max barked loudly.The more I thought about what had happened,3.the more grateful I was to my dog.
Professor Smith has explained why many animals migrate from one place to another at certain times of the year.To us，this topic is no longer 1.a mystery.We once thought animals migrated to find food，seek a partner，or in search of 2.warmer(warm) weather.However，what makes us 3.shocked (shock) is that some animals’ migration is just because of human activities,4.which have a terrible effect on them.Based on an annual report by Professor Smith，some experts recently 5.have analyzed(analyze) the data and flow charts，only 6.to find(find) that some natural “accommodations” are unfortunately polluted or even destroyed by chemicals per year.Animals lack sources of food.At one time，it raining cats and dogs，one photographer braved the elements and encountered a starving wild eagle on a distant path and captured 7.its (it) image.He stared at the eagle and froze there，unable to recover 8.from his shock.Eventually，various lovely creatures determine to head for other places to survive，such as the monarch butterflies.Now we are in a position where we have to protect the creatures in nature；otherwise the number of them would crash 9.sharply(sharp)．The authorities are concentrating on finding amazing solutions to 10.raising(raise) people’s awareness，such as founding some environment-friendly organizations.After all，protecting animals is protecting ourselves.Just as the idiom goes，kill two birds with one stone.Only by taking effective measures can we live in harmony with animals.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
measure v．量，测量；衡量link-v.(尺寸、数量等)量度为n.措施；尺度
·measure...by...用……来衡量…… ·take measures/steps/action to do sth采取措施做某事 make sth to one’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物
(1)A suit made to his measure is quite proper for the annual celebration.
(2)(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)意识到我不能以貌取人，我非常羞愧地低下了头。
Realizing that I couldn’t measure others by appearances，I hung my head in extreme shame.
(3)(2023·北京，书面表达)只有我们采取适当的措施来提高环境意识，我们才能在不久的将来建设一个绿色北京。
Only if we take appropriate measures to promote the environmental awareness can we build a green Beijing in the near future.
(4)(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)小组学习室位于图书馆二楼，宽50米，由三个独立的学习区组成。
The Group Study Room on the second floor in our library which measures/measuring fifty meters across consists of three independent learning zones.
用法点拨　①measure表示“措施”时，常用复数形式。
②measure表示“有……长(或宽、高等)”时是系动词，后跟测量的结果，不用于被动语态及进行时态。
determine v．测定，确定；决定(determined adj.有决心的 determination n．决心，果断)
·determine to do...决定做……(表示动作) determine on/upon决定 ·be determined to do...决心做……(表示状态)
(1)Determined(determine) to concentrate on studying from now on，I gave my cell phone to my mother，whose face cracked into an excited smile.
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)带着坚定的眼神，我决心勇敢地面对困难，这使我在写作比赛中获得了第一名。直到那时，我才意识到没有什么比决心和勇气更重要。
With a determined look in my eyes，I determined to face/was determined to face/determined on facing difficulties bravely，making me win first prize in the writing contest.It was not until then that I was aware that nothing was more important than determination and courage.
amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的(amaze v．使惊讶amazed adj.感到惊讶的amazement n．惊奇；惊愕)
·be amazed at/by/that...对……感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth对做某事感到惊奇 ·in amazement惊讶地 to one’s amazement使某人惊讶的是
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)同学们惊讶于我的成就，惊奇地喊道：“你的文章是怎么得到所有评委的认可的？”
Amazed at/by what I had achieved，my classmates exclaimed in amazement，“How did you get your article recognised by all the judges？”
(2)(读后续写之情绪描写)我惊奇地发现周围的人都在盯着我看。我既惊讶又尴尬，感觉仿佛空气都凝固了。
I was amazed to find (that) those around me were staring at me.Amazed and embarrassed，I felt as if all the air had been frozen.
(3)(2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)令我惊讶的是，Gunter让我直接走不用付出租车费。我鞠了个躬，转身向汽车飞奔而去。
①To my amazement，Gunter allowed me to go without paying for the taxi fare and I bowed，turned around and sprinted to the bus.
②What amazed me/made me amazed was that Gunter allowed me to go without paying for the taxi fare and I bowed，turned around and sprinted to the bus.(what引导的主语从句)
shock n．休克；震惊；令人震惊的事 vt.使震惊(shocked adj.感到震惊的 shocking adj.令人震惊的)
·in shock震惊地；休克 be numb with shock震惊得目瞪口呆 ·be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊 be shocked to do...因做……而震惊
(1)(读后续写之心理描写)He was on the edge of breaking down，not uttering a word，but pointed to the distance in shock.
(2)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)听到我的搭档住院的消息，我很震惊。与此同时，我震惊地发现我别无选择，只能自己完成我们的项目。
I was shocked by/at the news that my partner was admitted to hospital.Meanwhile，I was shocked to find (that) I had no option but to finish our project on my own.
(3)(读后续写之神态描写)看见从窗户喷出的可怕的浓烟，他惊呆了。
Seeing horrible heavy smoke shooting out of the window，he was numb with shock.
concentrate v．专心，专注；集中(concentration n．专心；集中 concentrated adj.集中的，专注的)
concentrate on (doing) sth集中于/专心于(做)某事 concentrate one’s mind/attention on集中注意力于；致力于；专心于
(1)(2023·全国乙，书面表达)By learning how to make xiaolongbao，I have been aware that concentration(concentrate) and patience do make a great difference to us.
(2)(2024·北京，书面表达)如果你能把注意力集中在中国在过去75年里取得的经济增长和技术进步上，那将是一个好主意。
It would be a good idea if you could concentrate (your mind/attention) on the economic growth and technological advances that China has acquired over the past 75 years.
the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..　The more we know about this lovely creature，the greater the chance it will survive...我们对这种迷人的生物了解越多，它活下来的可能性就越大……
·“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”意为“越……，就越……”。 ·“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化。 ·“the more...，the less...”意为“越……，越不……”。
(1)(应用文写作之建议信)The more you practice，the better(well) you will speak Chinese.
(2)Our head teacher always reminds us，“Hold your horses.The more anxious and nervous you are，the less(little) progress you will make.”
(3)(读后续写之心理描写)她越想这个问题就越感到害怕，她的手心在冒汗，心剧烈地跳着。
The more she thought about this matter，the more frightened she felt，her palms sweating and her heart pounding wildly.
(4)(2024·全国甲，书面表达)从图片上看，中国的交通变得越来越先进了。交通方式越多，中国人的生活就会越方便。
Judging from the pictures，Chinese transport has become more and more advanced.The more means of transportation there are，the more convenient Chinese people’s life will be.
用法点拨　“the＋比较级(...)，the＋比较级(...)”句型中，第一个“the＋比较级(...)”相当于表示条件的状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来意义；此外，本句型中前后都可以用省略结构。
强调句型　It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.毕竟，我们才是它们世界的访客。
强调句型的常用结构： It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分． Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分？ 特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他部分？ It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分．
(1)“What was it that made him think of so many solutions？” I asked in amazement.
(2)Was it his negative reaction that made you upset and frustrated
(3)(2023·全国乙，书面表达)正是有了老师的指导和不断的练习，我才学会了如何做小笼包——一种里面有汤的蒸饺。
It was with the guidance of my teacher and consistent practice that I learned how to make xiaolongbao，a type of steamed dumplings with soup inside.
(4)(读后续写之助人与善举)I didn’t realize a small act of care could melt people’s loneliness until I experienced the event.
→Not until I experienced the event did I realize a small act of care could melt people’s loneliness.(用倒装句改写)
→It was not until I experienced the event that I realized a small act of care could melt people’s loneliness.(用强调句改写)
用法点拨　本句型不能用于强调原句的谓语动词。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．I couldn’t exactly measure① how big the room was，so I measured② the room using my newly-bought tool and it turned out that the room measured③ ten meters across.Then I returned to the company，where my colleagues were talking about what measures④ should be taken to improve the image of the company.
①vt.估量，衡量　②vt.量，测量　③link-v.量度为　④n.措施，办法
2．Now I take the position① of guide in a Shandong tourist company and I have the ability to show visitors the exact positions② of tourist attractions in Shandong.Of course I am often in a position③ where something unexpected happens，but I have a positive position④，trying to settle all the problems better.When showing tourists around breathtaking places of interest，I will also position⑤ myself to take the best photo.Besides，I often take part in tourism knowledge contests to improve my position⑥ in the company，and once I finished one competition in first position⑦.
①n.职位，职务　②n.位置　③n.处境，状况　④n.态度，观点　⑤vt.放置，安放，使处于　⑥n.地位，等级　⑦n.(比赛中的)名次
3．The old man survived① the earthquake and survived② on little money；he survived③ his wife by 10 years who had died in the earthquake.Believe it or not，the old man respected the old customs surviving④ into the present.
①v.幸存于　②vi.生存，存活　③vt.比……活得长　④vi.保存下来
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．I will correspond with him to figure out whether he has recovered from his serious disease.
2.Thanks to your selfless assistance，I strongly believe that I can eventually find an unusual solution to handling(handle) the problem.
3．Amazed(amaze) at the inspiring news on the social media，the teenager couldn’t wait to share it with me.
4．My partner sought to make(make) advances in physics but in vain，and he was anxious and ashamed.
5．Not knowing how to avoid the following chain reaction(react)，he bitterly dragged his feet towards his home.
6．It is proved that the more you postpone doing your task，the worse(badly) you will perform.
7．It is his generosity，comfort，passion，humour and patience that have a great effect on/upon me and my career.
8．Seeing their houses destroyed(destroy) in the earthquake，these ordinary people burst into tears.
9．It struck us that a literature club ought to be founded(found)，which would offer a friendly and comfortable atmosphere.
10．With so many people staring at me，I froze in shock，unable to move my feet.
假定你是李华，即将代表学校就动物保护发表演讲，请根据以下内容写一篇发言稿： 1.动物面临灭绝的原因； 2.你的建议。
完成句子
1．我们经常震惊于报纸上令人震惊的报道，即野生动物尤其是稀有物种正面临灭绝的危险。(shock；that引导的同位语从句)
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2．正是人类为了牟取暴利而猎杀野生动物导致了动物数量的急剧减少。(强调句型)
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3．重要的是我们应该立即采取有效措施保护它们免于灭绝。(measure；it作形式主语)
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4．我们应该关注如何提高公众保护动物的意识。(concentrate；疑问词＋to do)
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5．我深信，我们越是下定决心拯救动物，我们就越有可能成功。(the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..)
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组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Ladies and gentlemen，
I feel greatly honoured to deliver a speech here.In our daily life，we are often shocked at the shocking newspaper reports that wildlife，especially rare species，is in danger of dying out.It is human beings’ hunting wild animals for big profits that results in a sharp decrease in the number of animals.As a consequence，it is vital that we should take immediate and effective measures to protect them from extinction.From my point of view，we ought to concentrate on how to raise public awareness of protecting animals.I am greatly convinced that the more determined we are to save animals，the more likely we will make it.
Let’s take action right now.Thanks for your listening.
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　amazing；shock
[动作描写]　seek；determine；concentrate；hold your horses；freeze；stare；capture；encounter；survive
[环境描写]　rain cats and dogs；path；breathtaking
美句 1.When I finally stepped out of the trees，the view was breathtaking.(动作描写)(环境描写) 2．While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene，I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.Slowly，and with the camera still held to my eye，I turned...and froze.(情感描写)(动作描写) 3．Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first.My legs started shaking.(动作描写) 4．My most frightening but magical experience was now captured forever in a single image.(结尾升华句)
拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：喜悦与快乐(二)
单词 glad adj.高兴的　giggle v．& n．咯咯笑　cheer n．欢呼声 v．欢呼→cheerful adj.快乐的；高兴的　joy n．高兴；喜悦 →joyful adj.高兴的，令人愉快的　happy adj.高兴的→happily adv.高兴地→happiness n．快乐，幸福　merry adj.高兴的→merrily adv.高兴地
词块 a sense/wave of joy and happiness sweeps/floods over sb一种/阵喜悦和幸福感席卷某人　in high/cheerful spirits兴高采烈　be seized by joy/be overcome with happiness非常高兴　beam with smiles 笑逐颜开　laugh heartily 开怀大笑　a mixture of excitement and delight 既兴奋又开心
句型 Hearing/Seeing...，he jumped up and down with joy.听到/看到……，他高兴得跳了起来。 She hummed and skipped in the forest like a bird.(比喻句)她像鸟儿一样在森林里哼着歌蹦蹦跳跳。 The smile on her face shone like a diamond.(比喻句)她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。 A flood of joy/pleasure welled up in him.(无灵主语句)喜悦涌上他的心头。 He was in high spirits，feeling on top of the world.(现在分词短语作状语)他情绪高涨，感到极其幸福。 When the mother kissed the baby on the cheek，his bright smile lit up the whole room.(比喻句) 当母亲亲吻婴儿的脸颊时，他灿烂的笑容照亮了整个房间。
语料运用　人与动物
Suddenly，a white skinny cat came into sight and I froze in shock.But the cheerful thought that it might be my cat urged me to step forward and stare at the cat.It turned out to be my long-lost cat and ①a sense of joy and happiness swept over me(无灵主语句)．Hearing its name called，the cat mewed at me merrily.With my cat in my arms，②I hummed and skipped towards my home like a happy bird(比喻句)．I was in high spirits，③feeling on top of the world(现在分词短语作状语)．Having determined to keep it company at home，I phoned my boss to ask for a day off.The cat let out a mew of cheer.
突然，一只瘦骨嶙峋的白猫出现在我眼前，我惊呆了。但一想到那可能是我的猫，我就高兴地走上前，盯着那只猫看。这确实是我走失了很久的猫，一种快乐和幸福的感觉席卷了我。那只猫听到叫它的名字，高兴地朝我喵喵叫。抱着我的猫，我像一只快乐的小鸟一样哼着歌蹦蹦跳跳地朝家走去。我情绪高涨，感到极其幸福。我决定在家陪它，于是给老板打电话请了一天假。猫高兴地叫了一声。
单元主题组合练
[62.5分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·全国甲)
Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.For instance，almost all animals have distinct vocals(声音) that they rely on to either ask for help，scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you’re able to interpret it.If a pet cat is hungry，it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.However，when a cat is looking for affection，they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed.
Cats have many ①heightened senses，but their sense of smell is quite impressive.They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger.They will ②sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax.However，another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells.Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future.That’s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats，which they don’t usually like.
Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit，but cats take this behavior up a notch.Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.This is a very old habit that’s been present in all kinds of predators(食肉动物)．Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you.These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it’s been in their ③nature since the beginning of time.So just go along with it!
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了猫通过叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物来表达需求、评估环境和展示爱意。
1．What can be learned about cats’ meowing from the first paragraph
A．It’s a survival skill.
B．It’s taught by mother cats.
C．It’s hard to interpret.
D．It’s getting louder with age.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二、三句可知，宠物猫通过叫声吸引注意力、获取食物和寻求关爱；最后一句指出猫从一出生就用叫声吸引猫妈妈的注意，并得到食物。综上可知，猫叫声是一种生存技能。故选A。
2．How does a pet cat assess different situations
A．By listening for sounds.
B．By touching familiar objects.
C．By checking on smells.
D．By communicating with other cats.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger.”可知，宠物猫通过检查气味来评估不同情况。故选C。
3．Which best explains the phrase “take...up notch” in paragraph 3
A．Perform appropriately.
B．Move faster.
C．Act strangely.
D．Do better.
答案　D
解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit...”可知，狗擅长取回东西，画线部分所在句的下文提到猫会从外面给它们的主人带回礼物来表达它们对主人的爱，这是它们与生俱来的本能，由此可知，在从外面带回物品这方面，猫将这一行为提到了一个更高的层次。do better与画线部分意思最接近。故选D。
4．What is a suitable title for the text
A．Tips on Finding a Smart Cat
B．Understanding Your Cat’s Behavior
C．Have Fun with Your Cat
D．How to Keep Your Cat Healthy
答案　B
解析　标题归纳题。综合全文内容可知，文章介绍和解释了猫的各种行为方式，包括叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物的习惯，以及这些行为背后的原因和意义。由此可知，“Understanding Your Cat’s Behavior”适合作本文标题。故选B。
语境猜词 ①heightened(派)＝height＋en＋ed adj.提高的；加强的 ②sniff(转)n.→v.闻；嗅 ③nature(熟义：n.自然) 生义(文义)：n.本性
B
(2024·山东德州一模)
With pet ownership becoming more popular，being ①saddened by the loss of a beloved pet is becoming a terrible headache.Li Peng，a woolen felt(毛毡) craftswoman，has found a unique way to preserve the memory of dead pets by creating realistic woolen images.
Li’s journey into this craft is ②accidental.During her college years，she majored in e-commerce and worked part-time at a pet store.One day，while visiting a website，she came upon a small fox made entirely of wool.Astonished at its delicacy，she set off on a self-taught journey in this art form.In late 2019，Li Peng made the firm decision to start her own business and pursue wool felting as a full-time profession.
While a video showcasing the work may only take a few minutes to watch，the actual process is far more intricate.The three-dimensional creations feature genuine fur，lifelike glass eyes and tiny whiskers(胡须)，each one individually secured by hand.To achieve a vivid effect，she repeatedly sticks layers of wool with a needle，winding the loose fibers together to create solid felted shapes.The key is massive patience.
The ③handcrafted creations satisfy her desire to convey love.The majority of her customers are pet owners who have experienced the loss of their beloved companions.They send Li photographs and even their pets’ hair，hoping to freeze the appearance of their furry friends through her wool felting models.Fascinated by the deep bond between people and their pets，she is committed to grabbing and investing these emotions in her artworks.And it turns out that the career is a success.Orders are often scheduled for one year later，and she has gained substantial attention through social media.
Reflecting on her work，Li expresses her desire to create meaningful pieces using the warm material，offering a heartfelt gift of warmth to the beautiful souls of this world.
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。养宠物越来越受欢迎，失去心爱宠物的痛苦正成为一件令人头疼的事。文章主要介绍了一位毛毡工匠找到了一种独特的方式，通过制作逼真的毛毡动物形象来保存对死去宠物的记忆。
5．What inspired Li Peng to take up wool felting as a career
A．A temporary job at a pet shop.
B．Her self-study art course.
C．A discovery of an alternative to fiber.
D．A woolen creation online.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“One day，while visiting a website...as a full-time profession.(一天，她在访问一个网站时，发现了一只用全羊毛做成的小狐狸。惊讶于它的精致，她开始自学这种艺术形式。2019年年底，李鹏坚定地决定创业，把羊毛毡制作作为全职职业)”可知，是网上的羊毛毡作品激发了李鹏投身羊毛毡行业。故选D。
6．What does the underlined word “intricate” mean in paragraph 3
A．Confusing. B．Efficient.
C．Complicated. D．Effortless.
答案　C
解析　词义猜测题。第三段开头的While表示转折关系，故画线词所在句意为“虽然展示这项工作的视频可能只需要几分钟就可以观看，但实际的制作过程很复杂”，后文又具体介绍了复杂的情况。所以画线词intricate意为“复杂的”，与complicated同义。故选C。
7．Who are Li Peng’s primary clients
A．④Conservationists of animal rights.
B．Individuals fond of furry toys.
C．Distributors providing personalized service.
D．People suffering from pet loss.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“The majority of her customers are pet owners who have experienced the loss of their beloved companions.(她的大多数顾客都是宠物主人，他们经历了失去心爱伴侣的痛苦)”可知，她的大多数顾客都是饱受失去宠物之苦的人们。故选D。
8．What’s the crucial factor behind Li Peng’s success
A．Fair product pricing.
B．Human-pet attachment.
C．Smart network marketing.
D．Hunger for a fine reputation.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“The majority of...the career is a success.(她的大多数顾客都是宠物主人，他们经历了失去心爱伴侣的痛苦。他们给李鹏寄来宠物的照片，甚至是宠物的毛发，希望通过她的毛毡模型来定格他们毛茸茸的朋友的样子。她被人与宠物之间的深厚联系所吸引，致力于抓住并将这些情感投入到她的艺术作品中，结果她的这份事业取得了成功)”可知，她成功的关键因素是人类对宠物的依恋。故选B。
语境猜词 ①sadden(派)＝sad＋den v．使悲伤，使难过 ②accidental(派)＝accident＋al adj.意外的，偶然的 ③handcrafted(合)＝hand＋crafted adj.手工制作的，手工艺的 ④conservationist(派)＝conserv(e)＋ation＋ist n．自然环境保护主义者
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
As I was standing in a long line to get into the grocery store waiting to buy fruit and vegetables，I realized I could turn my backyard into a garden. 1 Here are several expert tips to help you break ground on your garden.
Before you start your work，think about the space you’re changing.Is your space a yard A ①rooftop How much sunlight does it get Watch out for the temperature and find out which plants adapt well in your region. 2
Set the stage with healthy soil.It’s full of billions of bacteria and helps plant roots grow.Then consider the structure of the soil.Different plants require different soil. 3 Tomatoes want more clay for keeping water.
4 The decision depends on your preferences，space，what you’re growing and your budget.Stay away from containers that have been used for ②poisonous materials.They can bring chemicals into the soil as they break down from sunlight.
Should I plant seeds or transplants In general，a seed is like a baby.It needs tons of care，but not everyone knows how to get it to survive.③Transplants are for starters. 5 They still need your love but they’re not going to fall down and kill themselves.
With a little planning，I was able to watch three adorable baby trees take root in my yard.One of them recently had its first fruit—sweet little peaches.The yard has totally transformed too.
A．It used to be a junkyard.
B．Just create a vision based on your location.
C．You can start a garden in pots or containers.
D．You can buy your garden soil at a hardware(五金) store.
E．It enables me to grow my own food and save waiting time.
F．Carrots want sandier soil，so their roots can more easily grow.
G．They are plants that are a few inches high grown in small pots.
语篇解读　本文是说明文。作者讲述了如何开辟自家菜园的专业建议。
1．答案　E
解析　前文“As I was standing in a long line to...，I realized I could turn my backyard into a garden.”讲述作者想要把后院变成菜园，因此推断E项“它使我能够自己种植食物，节省等待的时间”符合语境，承接上文，说明在后院种植带来的益处，并引出下文提供的相关建议。故选E。
2．答案　B
解析　前文“Before you start your work，think about the space you’re changing.Is your space a yard A rooftop How much sunlight does it get Watch out for the temperature and find out which plants adapt well in your region.”讲述根据空间所处的位置规划，因此推断B项“只需根据您的位置创建愿景”符合语境。故选B。
3．答案　F
解析　前文“Different plants require different soil.”讲述不同的植株对土壤的要求不同，后文“Tomatoes want more clay for keeping water.”列举西红柿使用的土壤类型，因此推断F项“胡萝卜需要砂质土壤，这样它们的根才能更容易生长”符合语境，与后文并列，进一步举例说明前文提到的不同的植株对土壤的要求不同。故选F。
4．答案　C
解析　空处为段落主题句，根据后文“The decision depends on your preferences，space，what you’re growing and your budget.Stay away from containers that...”可知，本段讲述使用什么容器的建议，因此推断C项“你可以在花盆或容器里开辟一个菜园”能够概括本段内容。故选C。
5．答案　G
解析　前文“Transplants are for starters.”讲述移栽的植株适合初种者，后文“They still need your love but they’re not going to fall down and kill themselves.”讲了这种植株的特点，因此推断G项“它们是种在小盆里的几英寸高的植物”符合语境。故选G。
语境猜词 ①rooftop(合)＝roof＋top n．屋顶 ②poisonous(派)＝poison＋ous adj.有毒的 ③transplant(派)＝trans＋plant n．移栽的植物
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
It was in the cold midwinter，and the homeless couple struggled through the night snow，seeking shelter.The father-to-be 1 the roadside for some place where his struggling 2 might rest safely for the night.
That December night，Gus Kiebel，a county wildlife officer，was driving home from work when he 3 the pair in the flash of his headlights.He ①parked his truck and 4 the animals.Gus 5 out his hands to the beagles(比格犬)，which made no effort to escape.Then，he placed the dogs in his truck.Gus 6 his phone，took a picture of the pair and sent it to his wife，Katie Kiebel before calling Katie.
“You cannot put them 7 in the snow，” she said.“Bring them home.”
The Kiebels prepared a bed for the dogs in their warm home，where the 8 animals lay together.However，already having a dog，the Kiebels couldn’t 9 to keep new ones.The next day，Katie took the dogs to the shelter—on one condition.“I’m not 10 the dogs over to you if you’re going to separate them，” she said.The shelter workers promised to keep the couple together.Soon after Christmas，the beagles were 11 —as a 12 ，to a loving family.
It’s a simple story，but it speaks to the 13 of our nature.And when 14 and love ②triumph over cruelty and neglect，it can feel like the greatest 15 of all.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在寒冷的冬夜，县野生动物官员Gus Kiebel发现了一对无家可归的比格犬，后来他和他的妻子凯蒂为这对狗狗提供了温暖和庇护。
1．A.looked B．headed
C．searched D．figured
答案　C
解析　look看；head朝(某方向)行进；search搜索，在(某地)搜寻；figure认为，估计。结合上文“seeking shelter”可知，它在寻找一个可以休息的地方。故选C。
2．A.companion B．company
C．friend D．effort
答案　A
解析　companion同伴，伴侣；company公司；friend朋友；effort努力。根据上文“the homeless couple”可知，这位准爸爸是给自己的伴侣寻找可以安全过夜的地方。故选A。
3．A.scared B．attracted
C．appealed D．spotted
答案　D
解析　scare使害怕；attract吸引；appeal呼吁；spot发现。根据下文“he placed the dogs in his truck”可知，Gus Kiebel是发现了这两只动物。故选D。
4．A.frightened B．approached
C．attracted D．appealed
答案　B
解析　frighten使惊吓；approach接近；attract吸引；appeal呼吁。根据下文“out his hands to the beagles(比格犬)，which made no effort to escape”可知，Gus是下车接近这两只动物。故选B。
5．A.put B．laid
C．made D．stretched
答案　D
解析　put放；lay放置；make制作；stretch伸出。根据下文“out his hands to the beagles(比格犬)”以及“Then，he placed the dogs in his truck.”可知，Gus向比格犬伸出手。故选D。
6．A.brought up B．took out
C．warmed up D．put down
答案　B
解析　bring up抚养；take out拿出；warm up温暖；put down放下。根据下文“took a picture of the pair and sent it to his wife”可知，Gus是拿出手机给这两只比格犬拍了照片，并发送给妻子。故选B。
7．A.down B．up
C．back D．forward
答案　C
解析　down朝下，向下；up向上；back向后，回原处；forward向前。根据上文“Then，he placed the dogs in his truck.”可知，Gus已经把狗放在他的卡车里，结合空后“in the snow”以及下文“Bring them home.”可知，他的妻子的意思是不能再把狗放回雪地里，叫他把狗带回家。故选C。
8．A.disappointed B．lovely
C．unparalleled D．exhausted
答案　D
解析　disappointed失望的；lovely可爱的；unparalleled无与伦比的；exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据第一段中“It was in the cold midwinter，and the homeless couple struggled through the night snow，seeking shelter.”可知，在寒冷的冬夜，这两只狗在雪地里跋涉寻找栖身之所，已经筋疲力尽了。故选D。
9．A.afford B．offend
C．intend D．succeed
答案　A
解析　afford负担得起；offend冒犯；intend打算；succeed成功。根据上文“However，already having a dog”可知，因为家里已经有一只狗了，所以他们负担不起再养这两只。故选A。
10．A.turning B．driving
C．signing D．giving
答案　C
解析　turn转向；drive开车；sign签名，签字；give给。根据下文“if you’re going to separate them”可知，Katie的意思是如果庇护所要把它们俩分开，她就不把狗给庇护所，也就是她不会签字同意把狗给庇护所。固定搭配sign sth over (to sb)意为“签字转让(权利或财产)”，符合语境。故选C。
11．A.welcomed B．received
C．adopted D．presented
答案　C
解析　welcome欢迎；receive收到；adopt收养；present呈现。根据下文“to a loving family”可知，那对比格犬被人收养了。故选C。
12．A.pet B．pair
C．family D．reward
答案　B
解析　pet宠物；pair一对；family家人；reward回报。根据上文“The shelter workers promised to keep the couple together.”可知，庇护所的工作人员没有分开它们俩，所以它们作为一对，一起被收养。故选B。
13．A.bottom B．basis
C．fundamental D．best
答案　D
解析　bottom底部；basis基础；fundamental基本原则；best最好的事物。根据上文讲述的Gus把比格犬带回家、他的妻子Katie把比格犬送到庇护所以及下文“love triumph over cruelty and neglect”可知，这个故事道出了我们本性中最美好的一面。故选D。
14．A.kindness B．curiosity
C．generosity D．patience
答案　A
解析　kindness善良；curiosity好奇心；generosity慷慨；patience耐心。根据下文“and love triumph over cruelty and neglect”和上文Gus和Katie夫妻两人的善举可知，此处表示“当善良和爱战胜残酷和忽视时，感觉就像最伟大的奇迹”。故选A。
15．A.achievement B．miracle
C．career D．job
答案　B
解析　参考上题解析。achievement成就；miracle奇迹；career职业生涯；job工作。故选B。
语境猜词 ①park(熟义：n.公园) 生义(文义)：v.停(车)；泊(车) ②triumph(转)n.→v.战胜；打败
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Foster homes play 1.____________ crucial role in providing a safe and nurturing environment for 2.____________(pet) awaiting adoption.According to a report，many pet shelters and rescue organizations require foster homes to accommodate homeless pets.Unfortunately，due 3._________ a decline in volunteers，several pet shelters have had to shut down,4.__________(lead) to an increase in homeless pets.Meanwhile，more pets are ①being surrendered by owners 5.____________ are either too ill to care for them or unable to afford their ②upkeep.
6．__________(address) this issue，the Arizona Humane Society in Phoenix 7.__________ (introduce) a convenient drive-up service up to now.Volunteers interested in fostering pets can simply send a text upon arrival，and shelter staff will promptly bring the necessary paperwork to their car，promoting the foster process.8.____________(current)，there are 345 pets from the shelter benefiting from foster care.However，the need for pet fosters ③persists nationwide.If you’re interested，don’t hesitate to contact a pet shelter 9.____________ rescue organization near you.Welcoming a furry companion into your home is a 10.____________(reward) experience，as pets bring immense joy and fulfillment to people’s lives.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了寄养家庭对等待收养的宠物非常重要，但是如今由于志愿者减少以及被遗弃宠物数量增加，导致无家可归的宠物增多。凤凰城的亚利桑那州人道协会推出了一种便捷的寄养服务。
1．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。play a(n)．..role in...意为“在……方面发挥……的作用”，为固定搭配，且空后的crucial发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。
2．答案　pets
解析　考查名词复数。pet为可数名词，其前没有任何限定词修饰，所以应用名词复数。故填pets。
3．答案　to
解析　考查介词。due to是固定搭配，意为“由于”。故填to。
4．答案　leading
解析　考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，一些收容所关闭导致无家可归的宠物数量增加，此处表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填leading。
5．答案　who/that
解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，指代指人的先行词owners，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用who或that引导。故填who/that。
6．答案　To address
解析　考查非谓语动词。根据句意，此处应用动词不定式在句中作目的状语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填To address。
7．答案　has introduced
解析　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语the Arizona Humane Society为单数，所以谓语应用单数。故填has introduced。
8．答案　Currently
解析　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰后面的整个句子，作状语。currently意为“目前”，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Currently。
9．答案　or
解析　考查连词。根据句意可知，此处表并列，且因为是否定句，所以应用or。故填or。
10．答案　rewarding
解析　考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰后面的名词experience。rewarding意为“有益的，值得做的”。故填rewarding。
语境猜词 ①be surrendered by被……放弃 ②upkeep(合)＝up＋keep n．喂养成本；抚养费 ③persist(熟义：v.坚持) 生义(文义)：v.继续存在注：下面单词意思后的表示该词的熟词生义。
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．facility　　　　 n．设施
2．engine n．发动机，引擎
3．insect n．昆虫
4．nudge n．(通常用肘)轻推
5．butterfly n．蝴蝶
6．poster n．海报
7．badminton n．羽毛球
8．band n．乐队，乐团；一伙人；一帮人
9．gym n．体育馆，健身房
10．photography n．摄影
11．inner adj.(想法或情感)未表达出来的，隐藏的，内心的
12．dinosaur n．恐龙
13．dolphin n．海豚
14．hint n．有益的建议
15．subscribe v．订阅(报纸或杂志)；(to) 同意，赞成
16．orientation n．(新工作或学习课程开始前一段时间的)培训，迎新
　Orientation Day 迎新日
17．rainbow n．彩虹
18．skateboarding n．滑板运动
19．committee n．委员会
20．rate v．对……作评估；评价
n．速度；比率；价格
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．senior adj.(地位、水平或级别)高的，高级的；年老的；年长的
n．较年长的人
　senior high 高中
2．campus n．校园
3．moment n．某一时刻
4．author n．作者，作家
5．panic n．惊恐，惊慌
vi.& vt.(panicked，panicked，panicking) (使)恐慌
6．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的
7．debate n．& v．讨论，辩论
8．piano n．钢琴
9．stage n．舞台；阶段
10．pm 下午
11．topic n．话题，论题
12．gain v．获得，赢得；获益；增加；(钟、表等走得)快
13．schedule n．计划表，进度表，日程表
v．安排；预定
14．award n．奖，奖赏 vt.授予；给予
15．opportunity n．机会，时机
16．view n．(一次)观看；观点，见解，看法；视野；景色，风景
v．把……看作(view...as...)；观看，欣赏
17．former adj.从前的
18．sight n．看到，看见；景色；视力
19．figure v．认为，以为；(out)弄清楚；计算
n．数字；图形；图表；人物；身影；身材，体形
20．particular adj.特定的，特指的
n．细节
21．neat adj.好的，令人愉快的；干净的；整洁的
22．journal n．日记，日志
23．junior adj.低年级的
24．struggle v．奋斗，拼搏；努力
25．forward adv.向前
26．exchange v．交流(信息、想法等)；交易；兑换
n．交换；交流
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲
2．eagerness n．热切，渴望→eager adj.渴望的→eagerly adv.热切地；渴望地
3．breathe v．呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.上气不接下气的
4．challenge n．挑战 vt.向……挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的
5．pressure n．压力→press v．按；压；催促，逼迫 n．按，压；出版社；新闻界
6．sharp adj.锋利的；(变化)急剧的；急转的；敏锐的；尖利的，刺耳的；清晰的adv.(指时刻)整→sharpen v．使尖锐；变锋利
7．various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的→vary v．变化；相异，不同→variety n．多样性，种类
8．volunteer n．志愿者，义务工作者，自愿参加者 v．自愿做→voluntary adj.自愿的
9．frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的→frighten vt.使惊吓；使惊恐；使害怕→frightening adj.令人恐惧的，可怕的→fright n．害怕，恐惧
10．refer v．谈到，提到；参考，查阅；指的是→reference n．提及，谈到；参考，查阅
11．memorise vt.记住，熟记→memory n．记忆
12．performance n．表演；(工作或活动中的)表现；性能→perform v．履行，执行；表现；表演；运转→performer n．表演者
13．tradition n．传统；风俗→traditional adj.传统的→traditionally adv.传统上；习惯上
14．drama n．戏剧→dramatic adj.戏剧性的；急剧的→dramatically adv.剧烈地，明显地；戏剧性地
15．specific adj.具体的，特定的→specifically adv.具体地；确切地说
16．confident adj.有信心的，自信的→confidently adv.自信地→confidence n．自信心
17．intelligent adj.有智慧的，聪明的；智能的→intelligence n．智慧；聪明
18．argue v．争论，争辩→argument n．争论，争辩；论点
19．improve v．改善，改进→improvement n．进步
20．impression n．印象，感想→impress vt.给……留下极深的印象，使钦佩→impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的
21．explore v．考察，探险→explorer n．探险者→exploration n．探索
22．organise v．组织→organiser n．组织者→organisation n．组织，机构
23．description n．描述，描写，叙述，形容→describe v．描述；描绘
24．investigate v．查明，调查→investigation n．调查
25．apply v．申请；涂，敷；努力，使专注于；运用，应用；适用，有效；手压，脚踩→application n．申请；应用，运用；应用程序→applicant n．申请者
26．graduate v．毕业n.毕业生→graduation n．毕业
27．select v．挑选，选择→selection n．挑选→selective adj.选择性的，有选择的
积累——构词法　学一法　会一类
1．前缀ex-：exchange是由前缀ex-(out向外)和change组成，可以理解为“拿……出去换成”，其基本含义是“交换”。ex-也有“前任”的意思。如：export v．出口，传播，输出；expose v．暴露，使显露；express v．表达，表露，挤压出；ex-president n．前任总统。
2．后缀-ion(变体：-sion/-tion/-ation/-ition)：用于构成名词，表示行为、状态、过程等，如：react→reaction；admit→admission；expect→expectation；recognize→recognition等。
(1)You are exceeding the speed limit! Slow down，or you’ll be punished！超出(猜加黑词义)
(2)This antique was discovered when the workers were excavating the area.挖掘
(3)You’re wondering if your friend wants to go to this party because her ex-boyfriend is there.前男友
(4)He intended to launch a campaign with the intention(intend) of raising people’s awareness of protecting the environment.
(5)Because I lack experience in making a speech，my teacher offered me some practical tips without hesitation(hesitate) yesterday.
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．one by one依次地，一个接一个地
2．butterflies in one’s stomach情绪紧张，心里发慌
3．turn on打开
4．in panic惊慌地
5．go all out全力以赴，竭尽全力
6．in particular尤其，特别
7．refer to参考，查阅；提到，谈到；指的是；把……交送给
8．look forward to (兴奋地)期待，盼望
9．depend on依赖
10．make the most of充分利用
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.(be doing...when...正在做……这时……)
我正在浏览公告牌上的照片，身后忽然传来一个声音。
2．With butterflies in my stomach，I breathed deeply.(with复合结构作状语)
由于紧张，我深吸了一口气。
3．It’s a fantastic opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other students.(不定式短语作后置定语)
这是新生了解学校和认识同学的绝佳机会。
4．But then I figured I’d better just go all out and see what happens.(what引导宾语从句)
不过接着我就觉得，最好还是全力以赴考考看。
5．There’s always a way to be part of something you love，isn’t there？(there be句型)
对于自己热爱的事情，总是有办法参与其中，不是吗？
6．Looking back on my high school life，the most important advice I’d give is these wonderful words from the writer Maya Angelou.(非谓语动词短语作状语)
回顾高中生活，我能给大家的最重要的建议就是作家玛雅·安吉罗的一句精彩名言。
体验——析真题长句　知高考难度
(2024·新课标Ⅰ)The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text.
[句式分析]　本句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句，此从句的谓语为move from...to...；like identifying the main idea in a reading passage和such as drawing inferences from a text分别补充说明simple tasks和ones that require...；that require mental abstraction是定语从句，修饰先行词ones。
[尝试翻译]　当实验人员从提出简单的任务，如找到阅读文章的主旨，转向需要抽象思维的任务，如从文本中推出结论时，纸质阅读的好处尤为明显。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．facility n．设施
2．engine n．发动机，引擎
3．insect n．昆虫
4．poster n．海报
5．inner adj.(想法或情感)未表达出来的，隐藏的，内心的
6．dolphin n．海豚
7．photography n．摄影
8．band n．乐队，乐团；一伙人；一帮人
9．committee n．委员会
10．rate v．对……作评估；评价　n. 速度；比率；价格
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．campus n．校园
2．debate n．& v．讨论，辩论
3．stage n．舞台；阶段
4．senior adj.(地位、水平或级别)高的，高级的；年老的；年长的n.较年长的人
5．journal n．日记，日志
6．schedule n．计划表，进度表，日程表v.安排；预定
7．opportunity n．机会，时机
8．exchange v．交流(信息、想法等)；交易；兑换n.交换；交流
9．particular adj.特定的，特指的n.细节
10．struggle v．奋斗，拼搏；努力
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．eagerness n．热切，渴望→eager adj.渴望的→eagerly adv.热切地；渴望地
2．breathe v．呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.上气不接下气的
3．challenge n．挑战 vt.向……挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的
4. volunteer n．志愿者，义务工作者，自愿参加者 v．自愿做→voluntary adj.自愿的
5．performance n．表演；(工作或活动中的)表现；性能→perform v．表现；表演→performer n．表演者
6．drama n．戏剧→dramatic adj.戏剧性的；急剧的→dramatically adv.剧烈地，明显地；戏剧性地
7．confident adj.有信心的，自信的→confidently adv.自信地→confidence n．自信心
8．argue v．争论，争辩→argument n．争论，争辩；论点
9．graduate v．毕业n.毕业生→graduation n．毕业
10．select v．挑选，选择→selection n．挑选→selective adj.选择性的，有选择的
Ⅳ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．in panic 惊慌地
2．butterflies in one’s stomach 情绪紧张，心里发慌
3．go all out全力以赴，竭尽全力
4．make the most of 充分利用
5．depend on依赖
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题3分，共30分)
1．On seeing the frightening scene，the frightened exchange student was so frightened that she burst into tears.(frighten)
2．The applicants who filled in application forms to apply for the job graduated from key universities.(apply)
3．I am looking forward to meeting the kind-hearted organiser of that social organisation who has been organising several charity activities in the past few months.(organise)
4．Without advanced facilities，these courageous explorers had explored the unfamiliar region and their exploration led to many new discoveries.(explore)
5．Their impressive performance left a deep impression on me.In other words，I was deeply impressed by their show.(impress)
6．Curious about Chinese traditions，these foreign students asked many questions curiously and we answered them patiently to meet their curiosity.(curious)
7．The demands of various consumers are different，so the supermarket offers a variety of goods，varying from badminton rackets to kites.(vary)
8．Possessing a good memory，the author had no difficulty memorising the particulars in the article.(memory)
9．The senior high student described what he had seen on his trip，giving his classmates a vivid description.(describe)
10．This intelligent man has made great contributions to artificial intelligence，enabling him to win an international award.(intelligent)
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共20分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.说到高中有益的学习方法，我再怎么强调边学边思考的重要性也不为过。(非谓语动词短语作状语) 2.在预习课程时，我会思考我将在课堂上探索什么。(what引导宾语从句) 3.有这么多的知识要学习，我总是考虑如何在课堂上提高我的能力。(with的复合结构) 4.最后但并非不重要的是，课后我会抓住每一个灵活运用我的所学的机会。(不定式短语作后置定语) 　　Good study methods are of vital importance to us high school students. 1.Speaking of beneficial study methods at senior high，I can’t stress the importance of thinking while learning too much.I think about 2.what I will explore in class when previewing lessons.3.With so much knowledge to learn，I always consider how to sharpen my skills in class.Last but not least，after class I will seize every opportunity 4.to apply what I have learned flexibly. Using these wonderful methods，not only do I improve my grades but also I gradually build up my confidence.
文中加黑词汇为本单元中的词汇
The moment Senior One students catch sight of the impressive neat campus on the Orientation Day，they are curious 1.about everything，such as school traditions，and they have great eagerness to explore all the corners and facilities one by one.Their excitement is beyond 2.description(describe)．They will grasp every opportunity to leave a good impression on others.But sometimes they have butterflies in their stomachs and they are under such great pressure that they can hardly breathe，in particular when 3.struggling(struggle) to handle challenges.Some students set down their worries in their journals.Therefore，they often exchange ideas and refer to their life in junior school，figuring that their former life is 4.better(good)．Of course，they also turn to the School Committee for specific hints on how 5.to solve(solve) their problems.Gradually，they calm down and volunteer to apply to take part in various activities 6.organised (organise) by the Student Association，such as badminton or skateboarding matches in the school gym，piano contests，poster design or photography competitions and drama stage performances performed by a band of performers.Some students succeed in winning first awards.Besides，to improve their sharp minds，they 7.actively(active) join the debate club,8.where they heatedly argue with each other about some hot topics.Meanwhile，to broaden their view，they subscribe to highly-rated newspapers online or select books in the school library，trying to memorise useful knowledge.With a busy schedule，their inner anxiety 9.begins(begin) to melt away and they become more confident.10.Although/Though/While the intelligent students are still frightened and in panic，they are ready to go all out and have been looking forward to achieving their dreams before they graduate from senior high.Just as the old saying goes，“No pains，no gains.”
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
curious adj.好奇的(curiously adv.好奇地curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲)
·be curious about sth对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth好奇地做某事；极想做某事 ·with curiosity＝curiously好奇地 out of curiosity出于好奇
(1)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)Out of curiosity(curious)，we crept into the dark cave，where a snake panicked us into screaming.
(2)(2024·天津3月，书面表达)既然你对科技如何影响中国人的生活感到好奇，我真诚地邀请你访问中国，亲身体验这些进步。
Now that you are curious about how technologies affect/influence/have an effect/influence/impact on the lives of Chinese people，I sincerely invite you to visit China and experience these advancements first-hand.
(3)(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)我们很想认识身边的植物，因此，我们好奇地探索高中校园。
We were curious to learn about the plants around us and as a result，we explored the senior high campus curiously/with curiosity.
impression n．印象，感想 (impress vt.给……留下极深的印象，使钦佩impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的impressed adj.对……钦佩，有深刻的印象)
·leave/make/create a(n)．..impression on sb给某人留下一个……的印象 ·impress sth on/upon sb＝impress sb with sth使某人铭记某事；给某人留下……印象 What impressed sb most was sth/that...让某人印象最为深刻的是…… ·be impressed by/with...对……印象深刻
(1)(话题写作之旅游景点介绍)What is the most impressive(impress) about Jiuzhaigou National Park is its various waterfalls and colorful lakes.
(2)(2024·上海1月，书面表达)我认为您精彩的讲座会给我们留下深刻的印象，激发我们对西方文学作品的兴趣。
I figure that your awesome lecture will leave a deep impression on us/you will impress us with your awesome lecture/you will impress your awesome lecture on us/we will be impressed with your awesome lecture，stimulating our interest in western literary works.
(3)(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作)在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”活动中让我印象最深刻的是文化沙龙，它帮助我体会到了这两种文化的多样性和丰富性。
What impressed me most was the cultural salon at the China-Ireland Cultural Festival，which helped me gain a glimpse into the diversity and richness of the two cultures.
argue v．争论，争辩 (argument n．争论，争辩；论点)
·argue with sb about/over sth 因某事与某人争吵/争论 argue for/against (doing) sth据理赞成/反对(做)某事 argue sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事 argue that...主张……，认为…… ·beyond argument 无可争论
(1)(2024·天津3月，书面表达)Some web friends heatedly argued with each other about/over whether technologies have thoroughly improved Chinese people’s daily life or not.
(2)(2024·天津6月，书面表达)无可争论，我们必须立即采取措施建设低碳校园。例如，我们应该说服我们周围的人不要使用塑料袋和一次性筷子。
It is beyond argument that we must take immediate measures to build a low-carbon campus.For example，we should argue those around us out of using plastic bags and disposable chopsticks.
(3)(2022·全国乙，书面表达)根据上面的图表，65%的学生赞成听英语歌曲而18%的学生主张他们可以通过读英语名著来提高他们的英语水平。
Based on the above figure，65% of the students argue for enjoying English songs while 18% of the students argue that they can have their English level improved by reading English classics.
apply v．申请；涂，敷；努力，使专注于；运用；适用 (application n．申请；应用，运用；应用程序applicant n．申请者)
apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请某物 apply to do sth申请做某事 apply to sb/sth适用于…… apply sth to...把某物应用/涂抹于…… apply oneself to致力于/集中精力于……(to为介词)
(1)(应用文写作之通知)All applicants who have applied for the position as teaching assistant should submit a formal application form before Wednesday.(apply)
(2)I will struggle to memorise these specific rules that apply to all the emergencies.
(3)(读后续写之动作链描写)He fetched some cream，applied it to the wound with care and rushed me to hospital.
(4)(应用文写作之申请信)我写这封申请信是想向你们申请你们在昨天的报纸上提供的职位。如果被选中，我将致力于我的工作。此外，我会申请在业余时间做一些额外的工作。
I’m writing this letter of application to apply to you for the position you offered in yesterday’s newspaper.If selected，I will apply myself to my work.Besides，I will apply to do some extra work in my spare time.
schedule n．计划表，进度表，日程表 vt.安排；预定
·on schedule准时；按时间表 ahead of schedule＝ahead of time提前 ·be scheduled to do sth预定/按计划要做某事 as scheduled按计划
(1)Only if all of us apply ourselves to the project can we complete it on schedule or even ahead of schedule.
(2)(2021·浙江6月，应用文写作)一场学生传统国画展览按计划要在5月15日至24日在我们图书馆的二楼举行。
An exhibition of students’ traditional Chinese paintings is scheduled to be held on the second floor of our library from May 15 to May 24.
(3)(应用文写作之活动介绍)按照计划，我们今天将举办一场英语才艺秀，旨在丰富我们的学校生活，培养我们对英语学习的热情。
As scheduled，we will hold an English Talent Show today，aiming to enrich our school life and develop our enthusiasm in English learning.
frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的 (frighten v．使惊吓；使惊恐；使害怕 frightening adj.令人恐惧的；可怕的fright n．害怕，恐惧)
·be frightened of (doing) sth害怕(做)某事 be frightened to do sth 害怕做某事 be frightened to death害怕得要死；非常害怕 ·frighten sb into/out of doing sth 吓得某人做/不敢做某事
(1)(应用文写作之慰问信)听说你害怕公开发表演讲，我非常遗憾。
I am terribly sorry to hear that you are frightened of delivering/are frightened to deliver a lecture in public.
(2)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)当我看到一头可怕的熊张着血盆大口时，我害怕得要死。我吓得站在那里，头发都竖起来了。
When seeing a frightening bear opening its bloody mouth，I was frightened to death.I was frightened into standing there，with my hair standing on end.
exchange v．交流(信息、想法等)；交易；兑换n.交换；交流
·exchange A for B　用A来换取B exchange sth with sb和某人交换某物 ·in exchange for作为对……的交换 exchange students交换生
(1)(读后续写之动作和语言描写)With butterflies in her stomach，the little girl stepped up to me cautiously，whispering，“Could I exchange some of the milk for your bread and butter？” Upon this，I willingly gave her half of my portion in exchange for her milk.
(2)(应用文写作之邀请信)我真诚地邀请所有的交换生参加这个俱乐部，此俱乐部将组织各种各样的活动，比如听讲座和练习中国书法。此外，俱乐部成员还会就相关话题彼此交流意见。
I sincerely invite all the exchange students to join the club，which will organise various activities，such as listening to lectures and practicing Chinese calligraphy.Furthermore，club members will exchange ideas with each other about relevant topics.
look forward to 盼望，期待(to为介词)
·look forward可表示“向前看”，后面跟to do表示目的。 ·look forward to作“盼望，期待”讲时，to是介词，后跟名词或动词-ing形式，类似短语还有：be/become accustomed to习惯于；get down to 着手做；stick to 坚持；be opposed to反对；apply oneself to/be devoted to致力于；pay attention to 注意；contribute to 为……作贡献，有助于。
(1)(读后续写之动作描写)I was so curious that I managed to squeeze into the crowd and looked forward to see(see) what happened.
(2)The moment these experts arrived at the destination，they got down to studying(study) these cultural relics dating back to the Ming Dynasty.
(3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)谢谢你考虑我的建议。我期待听到你对此事的看法。
Thank you for considering my suggestion.I look forward to hearing your thoughts on this matter.
(4)(2024·上海6月，书面表达)我完全理解你父母反对你做饭时你的沮丧。
I completely understand your frustration when your parents are opposed to your cooking.
be doing...when...　I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.
我正在浏览公告牌上的照片，身后忽然传来一个声音。
be doing...when...意为“正在做……这时……”，when在此为并列连词，意为“此时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。类似句型有： be about to do/be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时…… had just done...when...刚做了……这时……
(1)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来，房子就倒塌了，我们吓得魂不附体。
We had just escaped from the burning house when it fell to the ground and we were frightened out of our wits.
(2)(读后续写片段)我双手拿着罐子，正匆忙走上楼梯，突然我的一只光着的脚被楼梯绊住了。我失去了平衡，努力使自己站稳，但是没用。罐子从我的手中滑落，摔在了坚硬的水泥地上。我正要去捡起碎片，就听到妈妈的声音：“发生了什么事？”
With the jar in my hands，I was walking upstairs in a hurry when one of my bare feet was caught on one stair.Losing my balance，I tried to steady myself，but in vain.The jar slipped out of my hands，smashing on the hard-as-rock concrete floor.I was about to pick up the pieces/was on the point of picking up the pieces when I heard my mom’s voice，“What’s happening？”
with的复合结构　With butterflies in my stomach，I breathed deeply.
由于紧张，我深吸了一口气。
with的复合结构可在句中作状语和定语，具体用法如下： ·with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作) ·with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行) ·with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成) ·with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv.
(1)With so many tricky challenges to settle(settle)，the newly-elected president of the city committee must go all out to solve them.
(2)(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)完成了所有的准备工作，他高兴地跳了起来，眼中闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
With all the preparations made，he jumped with joy，his eyes glittering with excitement.
(3)(话题写作之节日庆祝)皓月当空，我们围坐在一起，吃着月饼和水果，分享我们的故事。
With the bright moon up in the sky，we sit together and eat mooncakes and fruits，sharing our stories.
(4)(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes.
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes.(用with的复合结构改写)
→Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes.(用独立主格结构改写)
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
1．At 5 sharp① yesterday afternoon，while riding along a sharp② bend on the country road，I knocked over a young man with sharp③ eyes.Seeing my pale face，he didn’t throw sharp④ words to me but said humorously，“Look! The tyre tracks are quite sharp⑤ and clear.And luckily you don’t have a sharp⑥ knife fastened to your bike handle.”
①adv.(指时刻)整　②adj.急转的　③adj.敏锐的　④adj.尖利的，刺耳的　⑤adj.清晰的　⑥adj.锋利的
2．I am applying① myself to studying first aid knowledge and I am looking forward to applying② theory to practice.Each first aid method applies③ to a kind of emergency.For example，we can apply④ medical alcohol to the wounds or slow the bleeding by applying⑤ pressure to the wounds.
①vt.努力，使专注于　②vt.运用，应用　③vi.适用，有效　④vt.涂，敷　⑤vt.手压
3．In my view①，to view② the best view③，we must climb to the top of the mountain，which is viewed④ as the highest one in our province.Then，we posted some breathtaking photos we shot online，which unexpectedly gained 10,000 views⑤.In conclusion，the mountain-climbing activity not only broadened our view⑥ but also strengthened our body.
①n.观点，见解，看法　②vt.观看，欣赏　③n.景色，风景　④vt.把……看作　⑤n.(一次)观看　⑥n.视野
4．Judging from the above Figure① One,61% of the children are overweight.The figure② is shocking and I figure③ that we should figure out④ the root cause of childhood obesity.Besides，to have a good figure⑤，children should be helped to figure⑥ calories when eating.Moreover，some outstanding fitness figures⑦ can be invited to deliver some lectures on healthy diets.
①n.图表　②n.数字　③vt.认为，以为　④弄清楚　⑤n.身材，体形　⑥vt.计算　⑦n.人物
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．I was selecting(select) apples in the supermarket when suddenly I heard my name called.
2．In his journal，he expressed his eagerness(eager) to gain the opportunity to participate in the activity.
3．Though my cousin is junior to me，his academic performance is superior to mine a lot.
4．Some students gathered at the school gate，curious to explore(explore) the campus.
5．As far as the author is concerned，it’s no use arguing with his wife about/over the question for she is so stubborn.
6．(应用文写作之邀请信)In my view，especially interesting is making dumplings，which I think is particularly(particular) attractive to you.
7．My former classmates volunteered to help(help) when the typhoon struck the city.
8．Believe it or not，the band I referred(refer) to just now is famous at home and abroad.
9．The moment the intelligent man graduated from university，he was devoted to inventing various household facilities.
10．Frightened(frighten) and nervous，I had difficulty breathing and could hardly utter a word.
2024·新课标Ⅰ 假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： 1 你完成的作品； 2 你的感想。
完成句子
1．上周五在一个公园里安排了一节美术课，我写信是想和你分享一下。(并列句)
_______________________________________________________________________________
2．我们的任务是画一些令我们印象最深的东西。(impress；定语从句)
_______________________________________________________________________________
3．蝴蝶飞舞，鸟儿歌唱，我专心致志地创作了一幅水彩画，画的是公园池塘上的小桥，周围是盛开的鲜花。(with的复合结构；apply oneself to)
_______________________________________________________________________________
4．无可争论，整个体验令人耳目一新。(argument；it作形式主语)
_______________________________________________________________________________
5．欣赏着美妙的风景，我们不仅在高中的紧张日程中获得了休息，而且还互相交流了绘画技巧。(非谓语动词短语作状语；exchange)
_______________________________________________________________________________
6．期待收到你的来信。(look forward to)
_______________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear Chris，
An art class was scheduled to take place in a park last Friday，and I’m writing to share it with you.
We were tasked with drawing or painting something that impressed us most.With butterflies flying and birds singing，I applied myself to creating a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond，surrounded by blooming flowers.
It is beyond argument that the entire experience was incredibly refreshing.Appreciating the fantastic scenery，not only did we gain a break from the tight schedule at senior high but we also exchanged drawing skills with each other.In a word，it was not just an art class；it was a precious opportunity to connect with nature.
How have your classes been lately？Looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours，
Li Hua
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　eagerness；butterflies in one’s stomach；in panic；pressure；frightened；inner
[人物描写]　calm；curious；confident
[动作描写]　explore；go all out；struggle；breathe；look forward to；exchange
美句 1.I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my eagerness to get to know my new school.(动作链描写) 2.When my English teacher stepped into the classroom，I was surprised to see the same man I had met earlier.(情感描写) 3.I tried to turn on my brain but the engine just wouldn’t start.(拟物手法) 4.With butterflies in my stomach，I breathed deeply.(情感描写) 5.I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself！(情感描写) 6.So，give your friends a hand when they need it.And this will make you feel good，too.(结尾升华句)
拓展语料积累　情感细节描写：恐惧、惊恐(一)
单词 fear vt.& n．害怕；畏惧　tremble/shake vi.发抖　scare vt.使恐惧；使害怕→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的　terrify vt.使恐惧；恐吓→terrifying adj.极其可怕的；骇人听闻的→terrified adj.非常害怕的；极度惊恐的
词块 be numb with fear 吓呆　be seized with panic 惊慌失措　make one’s hair stand on end 使某人毛骨悚然　go/turn white/pale (脸色)变得苍白　let out a scream of terror 发出惊恐的尖叫　have one’s heart in one’s mouth 提心吊胆，吓得要命　make one’s blood freeze 使人极度恐惧　heart races/beats/pounds wildly/violently with fear 因恐惧而心脏狂跳
句型 She was struck with fear at the thought of the accident.她一想到那场事故就感到害怕。 A flood of terror welled up in him.(无灵主语句)他心中涌起一阵恐惧。 So frightened was he that he didn’t dare to move an inch.(倒装句)他如此害怕，以至于不敢移动一步。 Her heart racing violently with terror，she felt her legs turning to jelly.(独立主格；feel＋宾语＋宾补) 心吓得狂跳不止，她感到双腿发软。 He was overcome with terror as he realized he was lost in the wilderness. 当意识到自己迷失在荒野中时，他恐惧极了。 Scared and nervous，he let out a scream of terror，with tears streaming down his face uncontrollably.(形容词短语作状语；with的复合结构)他又害怕又紧张，发出一声惊恐的尖叫，眼泪不受控制地从脸上流下来。
语料运用　学校生活
①With butterflies in my stomach(with的复合结构)，I dragged my feet stepping into the first maths class in senior high and sat in the front row of the classroom.I ②was imagining what the maths class would be like when(be doing...when) my maths teacher，a white-haired man，strode in.After he introduced himself，he asked us some questions.③So terrified of being called on to answer questions was I that I lowered my head(倒装句)．But things didn’t go as I had wished.④Scared/Frightened and nervous(形容词短语作状语)，I shook all over and was on pins and needles.⑤My heart in my mouth(独立主格)，I struggled to stand up.Luckily，my teacher’s nice smile eased my inner terror.During the second half of the class，I became more confident and could keep calm，⑥swearing in my heart that I would go all out to study(现在分词短语作状语)．
我忐忑不安地拖着双脚进入高中的第一堂数学课，坐在教室的前排。我正在想象数学课会是什么样子，这时我的数学老师，一个白发苍苍的男人，大步走了进来。他自我介绍之后问了我们几个问题。我如此害怕被要求回答问题，我低下了头。但事情并没有如我所愿。我又害怕又紧张，浑身发抖，如坐针毡。我挣扎着站了起来，心都提到了嗓子眼。幸运的是，老师亲切的微笑缓解了我内心的恐惧。在下半节课上，我变得更加自信，能够保持冷静，在心里发誓我会全力以赴去学习。
单元主题组合练
[62.5分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·重庆一模)
As you read this，pause to reflect on your recent ①interactions.As a politician，husband，and father，I encounter various spoken language styles：analytical or chatty，formal or informal，pointed or gentle，cooperative or decisive.Talk is the currency of politics.It is our way of negotiating，debating，and persuading.Talk is also the currency of learning—how we develop our ideas，②deepen our thinking and share our feelings.
That’s why I want speaking skills，sometimes called “oracy”，to play an important part in Labor’s plans for a reformed school curriculum(课程)．
Employers ③value speaking skills equally with reading and writing.The ability to speak well and express yourself should be something every child should master.But the curriculum doesn’t allow us to provide this.This is short-sighted.An inability to express your thoughts fluently is a key barrier to getting on and doing well in life.
Oracy is in part about good public speaking and debating skills，but in reality，it’s about teaching young people to make strong arguments，choose wise words，understand their audience，form meaningful social connections，and use facial expressions and body language to convey their message.Above all else it’s about finding your voice.To work out who you are and what you believe.If reading opens up a world of imagination and possibility，then speaking and listening opens up a lifetime of empowerment—a chance for those who feel invisible in their own country to be heard.It is about the confidence to speak out，to call out ④injustice or harm.
And the other side of speaking is listening，which can also be taught.Listening，truly listening，develops tolerance and understanding.And as parents we can play our part.We’ve all been there，at mealtimes，silent as we all stare at our devices.Our job，all of ours，is to get off our screens and give young people，and adults，the gift of listening.
So，oracy—speaking and listening—needs to be placed firmly at the heart of school life.
语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了口语能力的重要性，呼吁改革学校课程以加强口语能力的教学。
1．How does talk help a politician
A．It deepens his wishful thinking.
B．It enhances his analytical skills.
C．It strengthens persuasive power.
D．It provides emotional support.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Talk is the currency of politics.It is our way of negotiating，debating，and persuading.”可知，谈话可以帮助政治家提高说服力。故选C。
2．Why does the author suggest a reform in the British school curriculum
A．Employers underestimate the value of speaking.
B．Academic pressure makes students poor-sighted.
C．Spoken language is regarded as least important.
D．Oracy should deserve more attention at school.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“The ability to speak well and express yourself should be something every child should master.But the curriculum doesn’t allow us to provide this.”可知，作者建议改革英国的学校课程的原因是口语能力对学生很重要但在学校没有被重视，即口语能力在学校应该被更重视。故选D。
3．How does the author illustrate his argument in paragraph 4
A．By sharing different opinions.
B．By clarifying the definition.
C．By describing personal experiences.
D．By employing the concept.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Oracy is in part about...，but in reality，it’s about...Above all else it’s about finding your voice.”及“It is about the confidence to speak out，to call out injustice or harm.”可知，作者多次利用“it is about...”这个平行结构说明Oracy“口语能力”的含义，由此推断出作者在第四段阐述论点是通过澄清定义的手法。故选B。
4．What are parents advised to do
A．Set a good example for their children.
B．Balance screen time and mealtime.
C．Have oral face-to-face communication.
D．Disconnect from the virtual world.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“And as parents we can play our part.We’ve all been there，at mealtimes，silent as we all stare at our devices.Our job，all of ours，is to get off our screens and give young people，and adults，the gift of listening.”推断出，父母被建议与家人进行面对面的口语交流。故选C。
语境猜词 ①interaction(派)＝inter＋act＋ion n．互动；交流 ②deepen(派)＝deep＋en v．加深；使变深 ③value(转)n.→v.重视 ④injustice(派)＝in＋justice n．不公平；非正义
B
As young children went back to school across Sweden last month，many of their teachers were putting a new emphasis on printed books，quiet reading time and handwriting practice and devoting less time to tablets，independent online research and ①keyboarding skills.
The return to more traditional ways of learning is a response to experts’ doubt on the country’s ②over-digitalized approach to education，which has even introduced tablets into kindergartens.They are worried that it has already led to a ③decline in basic skills.
The rapid adoption of digital learning tools has also drawn concern from a United Nations’ education agency.In a report published last month，the agency issued an urgent call for appropriate use of technology in education.The report urges countries to speed up Internet connections at schools，but at the same time warns that technology in education should be used in a way so that it never replaces in-person，teacher-led instruction and supports the shared objective of quality education for all.
Online instruction is a hotly debated subject across Europe and other parts of the West.Germany has been famously slow in moving information of all kinds online，including education.Many students can complete their schooling without any kind of required digital instruction，such as coding.Most parents worry their children may not be able to compete in the job market with technologically better-trained young people from other countries.“If we don’t manage to make education digital，then we will no longer be a competitive country in 20 years，” said Sascha Lobo，one of the German parents interviewed last year.
However，not all teachers are convinced that Sweden’s ④back-to-basics push is in the best interest for students.“Technology is just one part of a really complex network of factors in education，” said Catarina Branelius，a third grade teacher in the Swedish capital，Stockholm.“I use tablets in math，but I don’t use tablets for writing text.Students under age 10 need time and practice and exercise in handwriting...before you introduce them to write on a tablet.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了瑞典在新学年推行的新政策：回归基础能力，避免教育过度数字化。
5．What did Sweden stress before this new school year
A．Printed books.
B．Handwriting practice.
C．Quiet reading time.
D．Independent online research.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“As young children...a new emphasis on printed books，quiet reading time and handwriting practice and devoting less time to tablets，independent online research and keyboarding skills.”可知，瑞典此前重视进行独立在线研究的能力。故选D。
6．Which can best describe the approach suggested by the United Nations’ agency
A．Textbook-centered.
B．Balanced.
C．Over-digitalized.
D．Traditional.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The report urges countries to speed up Internet connections at schools，but at the same time warns that technology in education should be used in a way so that it never replaces in-person，teacher-led instruction and supports the shared objective of quality education for all.”可知，联合国机构建议适当使用技术，既敦促加快学校的互联网连接，又提醒不能让技术取代基础的教学。由此可知，这种方法是平衡的。故选B。
7．What can be known from paragraph 4
A．Students in Germany do not heavily rely on computers.
B．The German government is pushing for online instruction.
C．German parents are happy with their children’s education.
D．Teachers in Germany are ready to make education digital.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Germany has been famously slow...Many students can complete their schooling without any kind of required digital instruction，such as coding.”可知，德国的学生可以不借助数字工具完成作业，即不太依赖电脑。故选A。
8．What is Catarina Branelius’s attitude to the new policy
A．Favorable. B．Unclear.
C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.
答案　C
解析　观点态度题。最后一段中Catarina Branelius所说的话是为了印证本段第一句话“However，not all teachers are convinced that Sweden’s back-to-basics push is in the best interest for students.”由此可知，她对新政策持质疑的态度。故选C。
语境猜词 ①keyboarding(合＋派)＝key＋board＋ing n．键盘输入 ②over-digitalized(合＋派)＝over＋digital＋ize＋d adj.过度数字化的 ③decline(转)v.→n.下降 ④back-to-basics(合)＝back＋to＋basics adj.回归基础的
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·山东日照二模)
Everyone reacts to the pressures of an upcoming test differently. 1 When you know you have a test ahead，prepare yourself mentally and physically well in advance to minimize test anxiety.Here are some tips to help get you through the days leading up to your test.
2 It helps you engage with your material，and it gives you something else for ①reference when you study later.If your notes are detailed enough，you can ②read over them to study.You can also use them to make flashcards and other study aids.
Where you study can be just as important as how you study.Choose a place that’s comfortable，whether that’s your bedroom，a quiet table at the library，or a bench at the local park.Make sure the area has good lighting so you aren’t ③straining your eyes，and ensure it’s quiet and free from distractions. 3
Don’t try to cram(塞) all of your material into your brain the night before the big test.Cramming can cause stress and anxiety. 4 For example，if you know the test is in two weeks，divide the material into 10 to 14 parts and spend a set amount of time each day to review one part.
If you work well with groups，consider forming or joining a study group with others who are serious about passing the test.Try to keep the group small so that everyone has a chance to engage. 5 And consider making someone the leader of the group to help keep everyone on track.
A．Instead，it’s best to study a little bit each day.
B．But it’s normal to feel a bit nervous or anxious.
C．Agree on a schedule and location to meet each week.
D．There’s no need to stay up cramming before your big test.
E．Consider turning off your phone and any other electronic devices.
F．Preparing for a test can begin days，weeks，and even months in advance.
G．Note taking helps focus your attention on what you’re reading or hearing.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了减轻考前焦虑的一些方法。
1．答案　B
解析　前文“Everyone reacts to the pressures of an upcoming test differently.”提到学生对考试压力的反应各不相同，后文“When...prepare yourself mentally and physically well in advance to minimize test anxiety.”建议通过提前做好准备来降低考试焦虑，因此空处应该与对考试感到焦虑相关，B项“但感到有些紧张或焦虑是正常的”符合语境，承上启下，其中的anxious和后文的anxiety呼应。故选B。
2．答案　G
解析　空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，后文“It helps you engage with your material...If your notes are detailed enough，you can read over them to study.You can also...”主要介绍笔记的作用，所以G项指出做笔记有助于更专注地学习，引领下文，符合语境，其中的Note taking是后文It指代的对象。故选G。
3．答案　E
解析　前文“Make sure the area has good lighting so you aren’t straining your eyes，and ensure it’s quiet and free from distractions.”给出学习环境的要求——需确保照明良好，以及安静不受打扰，E项建议关闭手机及其他电子设备，符合语境，承接前文，其中的phone and any other electronic devices和前文的distractions呼应。故选E。
4．答案　A
解析　前文“Cramming can cause stress and anxiety.”指出填鸭式复习的坏处，后文“For example，if you know...and spend a set amount of time each day to review one part.”给出考前每天学一点的具体例子，因此空处应该是建议每天学一点，A项“Instead，it’s best to study a little bit each day.”符合语境，承上启下。故选A。
5．答案　C
解析　前文“Try to keep the group small so that everyone has a chance to engage.”给出关于小组学习的第一点建议，即保持小规模，后文“And consider making someone the leader of the group to help keep everyone on track.”给出关于小组学习的另一点建议，即选出小组领导，C项建议协商出每周会面的时间和地点，符合语境，和前后两句是平行关系。故选C。
语境猜词 ①reference(派)＝refer＋ence n．查阅；参考 ②read over仔细阅读 ③strain(熟义：n.品种；压力) 生义(文义)：v.损伤
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·广东潮州期末)
When I was in primary school，my school had an annual sports day.Usually，girls were 1 in sports like jump rope and boys did the high jump，which I was anxious to take part in.I went to 2 up，but the coach said，“Girls don’t do the high jump.”
I went home and 3 Mom of the coach’s words.She visited the headmaster the next day and said，“Mr White，Linda wants to do the high jump.”“Sorry，Mrs Martinez，but it’s our 4 that girls can’t do it，” he said.“But Mr White，I have no 5 of any rules saying that.” Finding no such rules，Mr White，feeling 6 ，said “I have to consider it” at last.
When we got home，Mom told me something I would always 7 ：This wasn’t just about me.Other girls 8 wanted to do this，too.A week later，Mom went to Mr White again.Finally，he agreed.As it turned out，I won the high jump competition.To my 9 ，some of the cheers I got were from boys! My mother was 10 —it wasn’t about me.It was about making people think about and see what girls could do.Later，I used this 11 in my career as a building ①contractor—women weren’t 12 to construct buildings.When I first 13 the business，Mom said，“Go ahead.Start small，but think big.” I started with small projects and now my company can handle large ones.
Those experiences taught me though people wouldn’t always 14 us，we should be brave to jump over 15 and take paths few girls and women would take.And this has really made a difference.
语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在小学时代被拒绝参与学校运动会的跳高项目，作者的母亲为其找校长争取。作者认识到女孩子要勇于打破别人设定的限制，争取权益，相信女性也可以有大作为。
1．A.interested B．skilled
C．involved D．gifted
答案　C
解析　interested感兴趣的；skilled熟练的；involved参与的；gifted有天赋的。根据空后“and boys did the high jump”可知，这里指女生一般参与跳绳项目。故选C。
2．A.build B．sign
C．make D．fix
答案　B
解析　build建造；sign签(名)；make制作，使；fix固定，安装，修理。根据上文“the high jump，which I was anxious to take part in”及下文教练说女生不参加跳高可知，作者渴望参加跳高并且去报名了。短语sign up意为“报名”。故选B。
3．A.reminded B．warned
C．convinced D．informed
答案　D
解析　remind提醒，使想起；warn警告；convince使信服；inform告知，告诉。根据下文母亲帮作者争取权利可知，作者把教练的话告诉她的母亲。故选D。
4．A.compromise B．conclusion
C．convention D．criterion
答案　C
解析　compromise妥协，折中；conclusion结论；convention惯例，传统；criterion标准。根据下文的“Finding no such rules”可知，学校没有这样的规定，但校长和教练都认为女生不应参加跳高，可推知这应该是学校的惯例。故选C。
5．A.opinion B．sense
C．intention D．knowledge
答案　D
解析　opinion观点，看法；sense感觉，意识；intention动机，意图；knowledge知识，知晓，知道。分析语境可知，面对校长的拒绝，作者母亲表示并不知道有这样的规定。 故选D。
6．A.concerned B．embarrassed
C．discouraged D．annoyed
答案　B
解析　concerned关心的；embarrassed尴尬的；discouraged沮丧的；annoyed生气的，恼火的。怀特校长说是依惯例不让女生报名跳高，却没找到相关规定，应该是尴尬的，因为他无法反驳这位母亲。故选B。
7．A.consider B．undertake
C．remember D．seek
答案　C
解析　consider考虑，认为；undertake从事，履行，承担；remember记得，记住；seek追求，寻找。根据下文作者在工作中也记得这句话可知，此处表示作者铭记母亲的话。故选C。
8．A.accidentally B．probably
C．obviously D．rarely
答案　B
解析　accidentally意外地；probably可能；obviously显然；rarely几乎不。母亲的意思是这不仅仅是在为女儿争取，或许别的女孩也想参加呢。此处只是猜测，也会有别的女孩想跳高，她们需要平等的机会。故选B。
9．A.surprise B．delight
C．relief D．satisfaction
答案　A
解析　surprise惊讶；delight快乐，愉悦；relief轻松，解脱；satisfaction满意。根据后半句“some of the cheers I got were from boys”可知，作者作为女生首次参加跳高并且获胜，这不符合学校的传统理念，但她却得到了男孩的祝贺，作者很惊讶。故选A。
10．A.right B．wrong
C．certain D．realistic
答案　A
解析　right对的；wrong错误的；certain确定的；realistic现实的，实际的。根据破折号后的“it wasn’t about me”可知，此处是对上文“This wasn’t just about me.”的肯定，即母亲是对的。故选A。
11．A.rule B．lesson
C．truth D．remark
答案　B
解析　rule规则；lesson课，教训；truth真理，真相；remark评论。作者从此次经历学到很多，感悟很深，应该说是一次教训。故选B。
12．A.supposed B．qualified
C．demanded D．designed
答案　A
解析　suppose认为，假定；qualify合格；demand要求；design设计。be supposed to do指人们观念中认定某人应该做某事，此处为否定句，指人们惯性思维认为女性不应该从事建筑行业，符合语境。故选A。
13．A.made way for B．kept track of
C．②threw light on D．set foot in
答案　D
解析　make way for为……开路，让位于；keep track of跟踪，记录；throw light on阐明，使明白，使理解；set foot in涉足，踏入。根据空前的first可知，这里指作者刚刚进入建筑行业工作时母亲给的支持与告诫。故选D。
14．A.accept B．mind
C．help D．need
答案　A
解析　accept接受，接纳；mind介意，在意；help帮助；need需要。 这里指就像第一段教练所说的“Girls don’t do the high jump.”及第三段的“women weren’t ________ to construct buildings”那样，在某些领域人们对于女性的不接纳。故选A。
15．A.poles B．boundaries
C．platforms D．fences
答案　B
解析　pole极地，杆子；boundary边界，界限；platform平台，讲台；fence篱笆。上文举例说明很多情况人们对女性的否定，在此作者认为女孩要勇敢跨越这些别人设置的界限，不断走出新的道路。故选B。
语境猜词 ①contractor(派)＝contract＋or n．承包商 ②throw light on 阐明
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
“Pure love，only for China.” When the host of the Harbin Ice and Snow World in Heilongjiang Province read out the words on the ①wallpaper of a lost phone to find its owner,1.____________(applaud) ②broke out among the audience，CCTV News reported.
The sentence was from the diary of Chen Xiangrong,2.____________ soldier，who lost his life in a border conflict with Indian troops in June 2020.The owner of the cellphone，surnamed Xie，is a student of the Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine.She learned about Chen’s story when she was in high school.Since then，Xie 3.____________(regard) Chen as an example.So she took the patriotic(爱国的) expression 4.____________(write) by Chen as a motto，and placed together with the national flag 5.____________ the background of her cellphone.
6．__________ she didn’t expect was the sudden popularity of the wallpaper on the Internet，with many netizens 7.____________(ask) her to share it.“I am very happy that this resonates(共鸣) with so many people.We post-2000s generations are not a lost generation,8.____________ a generation that can contribute to the future of our country，” Xie said.“I firmly believe that through our efforts and hard work，our country will become more prosperous! We will 9._________ (definite) ③live up to the expectations of the times，and make an effort 10.____________(create) a better future for our country！” she added.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了黑龙江中医药大学的一名谢姓学生的爱国主义手机壁纸在网上走红的事迹。
1．答案　applause
解析　考查名词。空处应用名词applause在句中作主语，为不可数名词。故填applause。
2．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。此处泛指一名军人，且soldier的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
3．答案　has regarded
解析　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Since then可知，空处应用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has regarded。
4．答案　written
解析　考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作后置定语，动词write与被修饰词expression之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词的形式。故填written。
5．答案　as
解析　考查介词。根据句意可知，空处应用介词as“作为”构成介宾短语。故填as。
6．答案　What
解析　考查名词性从句。空处引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语，应用连接代词what，意为“……的事物”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。
7．答案　asking
解析　考查非谓语动词。空处在with的复合结构中作宾语补足语，动词ask和宾语netizens之间是主动关系，故用现在分词的形式。故填asking。
8．答案　but
解析　考查连词。not...but...“不是……而是……”为固定搭配，符合句意。故填but。
9．答案　definitely
解析　考查副词。空处应用副词修饰动词短语live up to，作状语。故填definitely。
10．答案　to create
解析　考查非谓语动词。make an effort to do sth“努力做某事”是固定短语，符合句意。故填to create。
语境猜词 ①wallpaper(合)＝wall＋paper n．壁纸 ②break out 爆发 ③live up to 符合；不辜负

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