【弯道超车】Unit 4 Fun in the Sun! 核心语法之play和play with的用法辨析-2025年仁爱科普版(2024)新七年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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【弯道超车】Unit 4 Fun in the Sun! 核心语法之play和play with的用法辨析-2025年仁爱科普版(2024)新七年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025年仁爱科普版(2024)新七年级英语上册精讲精练
Unit 4 Fun in the Sun!
核心语法:play和play with的用法辨析
一、核心概念总览
play 和 play with 都与“玩”有关,但它们的用法和含义有显著区别。简单来说:
play:后接有规则的游戏、体育运动或乐器。强调“进行一项活动”。
play with:后接玩具、无生命的小物件或动物,也用于表示“和某人一起玩”。强调“摆弄某物”或“与某人嬉戏”。
记忆口诀:
球类乐器用 play,
玩具小猫用 with。
和人玩耍加 with,
游戏棋类直接来。
二、用法深度解析
1. Play 的用法
play 是一个及物动词,后面直接接宾语,主要用于以下三类情况:
1. 进行球类运动
结构:play + 球类名词
特点:球类名词前不加**任何冠词(a, an, the)。
play basketball 打篮球
play football 踢足球
play ping-pong / table tennis 打乒乓球
play volleyball 打排球
2. 演奏乐器
结构:play + the + 乐器名词
特点:乐器名词前必须加定冠词 the。
play the piano 弹钢琴
play the guitar 弹吉他
play the violin 拉小提琴
play the erhu 拉二胡
3. 进行游戏或扮演
结构:play + 游戏/棋牌/角色名词
特点:游戏或棋牌名词前通常不加**冠词。
play games 玩游戏
play chess 下象棋
play cards 打牌
play computer games 玩电脑游戏
play a role/part in... 在……中扮演角色/起作用
2. Play with 的用法
play with 是一个短语动词,后面接宾语,主要用于以下两种情况:
1. 玩耍某物(无目的地摆弄、玩弄)
结构:play with + 某物
特点:后接的“某物”通常是玩具、小物件、食物等**。
play with toys 玩玩具
play with a doll 玩洋娃娃
play with a ball 玩球(强调随意拍、扔等动作,而非进行球类比赛)
play with fire 玩火(危险行为)
play with one's pen 玩笔(心不在焉地摆弄)
2. 和某人/动物一起玩(嬉戏)
结构:play with + 某人/动物
特点:表示“与……一起嬉戏玩耍”。
play with friends 和朋友们一起玩
play with my dog 和我的狗玩
play with her classmates 和她的同学玩
The cat likes to play with me. 这只猫喜欢和我玩。
三、对比总结
为了让您更清晰地理解,请查看下面的对比表格:
表:Play 与 Play with 核心区别
对比维度 Play (直接接宾语) Play with (接宾语)
核心含义 进行、参与(一项有规则的活动) 摆弄、玩弄(某物);与…嬉戏(某人/动物)
后接对象 1. 球类运动 (basketball...)
2. 乐器 (the piano...)
3. 游戏/棋牌 (games, chess...) 1. 玩具/小物件 (toys, a doll, a pen...)
2. 人或动物 (friends, a dog...)
冠词规则 球类/游戏前不加the
乐器前必须加the 对象前可加a/the,也可不加(根据具体名词而定)
例句 I play basketball after school. (我放学后打篮球。)
She can play the piano. (她会弹钢琴。) The boy is playing with his toy car. (男孩在玩玩具车。)
Don't play with fire! (别玩火!)
Let's go and play with Tom. (我们去和汤姆玩吧。)
中文翻译 打(篮球)、踢(足球)、弹(钢琴)、下(象棋)、玩(游戏) 玩(玩具)、摆弄(笔)、和(狗/朋友)玩
四、易错点与难点分析
1、混淆“球类”和“球”:
(正)I play basketball every week. (我每周都打篮球。 - 进行这项运动)
(正)The baby is playing with a ball. (小宝宝在玩一个球。 - 把球当作玩具摆弄)
2、混淆“乐器”和“玩具乐器”:
(正)She plays the guitar very well. (她吉他弹得很好。 - 演奏乐器)
(正)The little girl is playing with her toy guitar. (小女孩在玩她的玩具吉他。 - 把吉他当作玩具)
3、“和某人玩”的误用:
(不自然)I want to play my friend. (错误,play后不能直接接人)
(正)I want to play with my friend. (我想和我朋友一起玩。)
(正)I want to play games with my friend. (我想和我朋友一起玩游戏。 - 更具体)
4、“play games” vs “play with games”:
(正)They play games in the park. (他们在公园里做游戏。)
(误)They play with games. (听起来像是在摆弄“游戏”这个东西,而不是在玩,意思奇怪)
1. Each of the students ____ a role in the play.
A.play B.plays C.playing D.to play
2.Coco loves playing ping-pong. She spends an hour ________ ping-pong every day.
A.play B.plays C.playing D.to play
3.There is a new playing field near Chen Yan's living place and she often ________ tennis there with her friends.
A.is playing B.will play C.plays D.played
4. My sister wants to be a teacher. She likes ____ with
children.
A.play B.plays C.playing D.to playing
5.The players on the school team ________ table tennis after school every day.
A.play B.plays C.are playing D.is playing
6.Look! Those young boys ________ football in the playground.
A.play B.are playing
C.played D.is going to play
7.—Would you like ________ football with us
—Certainly. I like ________ football very much.
A.play; to play B.playing; to play
C.to play; playing D.playing; playing
8. Look! The students ____ basketball on the sports field.
A.play B.plays C.is playing D.are playing
9.—Can I speak to Jenny
—Sorry. She ________ baseball with her friend right now.
A.play B.played C.is playing D.plays
10. My sister is good at ____ the violin.
A.play B.played C.to play D.playing
11.Did you see the boy ________ soccer just now
A.played B.plays C.playing D.to play
12.Boys enjoy _____ basketball on the playground.
A.play B.plays C.playing D.to play
13. Mike likes sports and he always spends time ____ sports with his friends.
A.plays B.play C.playing D.to play
14.—Lucy, where's your sister
—Look! She ________ in the yard with our dog.
A.played B.will play C.plays D.is playing
15. I can see the boys ____ football on the playground now.
A.play B.playing C.are playing D.played
16. It is very important for us ____ sports because they can make us healthy.
A.play B.playing C.to play D.plays
17. —Do you want ____ football with us
—Yes. I enjoy ____ football very much.
A.to play; play B.playing; to play
C.to play; playing D.play; playing
18. I am sorry I didn't answer your phone because I ____ the piano at that time.
A.played B.was playing C.am playing D.play
19.Bob enjoys ________ basketball on the playground.
A.play B.to play C.plays D.playing
20. —Where is Millie
—I am not sure, maybe in the gym. She is interested in ____ badminton these days.
A.play B.plays C.playing D.to play
21. Not only the students but also Mr. Green ____ sports at weekends.
A.are playing B.is playing C.plays D.play
22. — Helen, where is your brother
— Look! He is practicing ____ football with his friends in the garden.
A.play B.to playing C.playing
23.—Let's play basketball together after school, Emma.
—I don't like playing basketball. What about ________
A.play games B.playing games C.to play games D.playing game
24.Betty is a member of the chess club. She ____ chess since she was in primary school.
A.play B.is playing C.has played D.will play
25. Tom along with his friends ____ basketball twice a week.
A.plays B.play C.playing D.played
26.—What did you do yesterday
—I ________ basketball with my classmates. We had a good time.
A.play B.will play C.am playing D.played
27.—Where is Jim
—Look! He ____basketball on the playground.
A.is playing B.plays C.played
28. ____ your brother often ____ football after school
A.Do; play B.Does; play C.Do; plays D.Does; plays
29. The young mother always sees her little son ____ with a ball.
A.play B.playing C.to playing D.to play
30. Amy is quite a good pianist because she always practises ____ the piano.
A.play B.to play C.plays D.playing
31. We often see the old ____ Taiji to keep healthy on the square every morning.
A.plays B.to play C.play D.played
32. It's pleasant ____ with snowballs on a snowy day.
A.to play B.play C.plays D.playing
33.— Tim played the guitar very well in the school talent show.
— I think so. He kept on ________ it every day.
A.practice to play B.practice playing
C.practicing to play D.practicing playing
34. —How about playing baseball
—I don't have a baseball. Let's ____ volleyball.
A.play B.playing C.plays D.to play
35._________ computer games too long is not good for teenagers.
A.Play B.To playing C.Playing D.Played
36. I think it's pleasant____ snowballs on a snowy day.
A.playing B.played C.to play D.play
37. Look! They____ football on the playground.
A.play B.are playing
C.are going to play D.playing
38.Fred spends lots of time _________ basketball every day. And he would like _________ a basketball player in the future.
A.playing; to be B.to play; to be
C.to play; being D.playing; being
39.I think it's pleasant_______ snowballs on a snowy day.
A.playing B.played C.to play D.play
40. I often watch these boys ____ basketball on the playground after school.
A.playing B.to play C.play
41.She is good at playing the piano and spends two hours ________ it every day.
A.practising playing B.practising to play
C.to practise playing D.to practise to play
42. I ____ basketball on the playground with my friends every Saturday.
A.play B.will play C.played D.am playing
43. This morning when I walked by, I saw many children____ in the park.
A.played B.play C.playing D.to play
44.I saw him ________ the piano in the room last night.
A.played B.plays C.to play D.playing
45. — What's your brother's hobby
— He likes____football.
A.play B.plays C.playing D.played
46. Don't play football near the river. Why not ____ it on the playground
A.play B.plays C.to play D.playing
47. We often play soccer on Sunday afternoon, but last Sunday afternoon we ____ping-pong.
A.play B.played C.is playing D.are playing
48.I'm from Harbin. For me, it's interesting ____ with snow, so winter is my favorite season.
A.play B.to play C.playing D.plays
49. It's a good idea ____ tennis with my classmates after school.
A.play B.plays C.playing D.to play
50.My brother ________ the guitar when I came back home yesterday.
A.is playing B.was playing C.has played D.played
参考答案及试题解析
1.B
【解析】句意:每个学生都在剧中扮演一个角色。A. play 扮演,动词原形;B. plays 扮演,第三人称单数;C. playing 扮演,动名词;D. to play 扮演,动词不定式。根据句意可知,句子陈述的是一般事实,时态用一般现在时,主语Each of the students(每个学生)是第三人称单数,因此谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式plays,故选B。
【点评】考查动词三单形式。确定动词在句子中的时态和主谓一致关系。
2.C
3.C
4.C
【解析】句意:我妹妹想成为一名老师。她喜欢和孩子们一起玩。like doing/to do sth. 喜欢做某事,like 后接动名词或动词不定式作宾语。选项 A(play 原形)、B(plays 三单)、D(to playing 结构错误)均不符合语法规则。故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配和动名词。注意固定搭配like doing sth的用法。
5.A
6.B
7.C
8.D
【解析】句意: 看!学生们正在操场上打篮球。A:play 玩(动词原形);B:plays 玩(第三人称单数);C:is playing 正在玩(第三人称单数现在进行时);D:are playing 正在玩(复数现在进行时)。根据"Look!"(看!)这一提示词,可知句子描述的是当前正在发生的动作,需用现在进行时:be+现在分词;且主语"the students"(学生们)为复数,因此be动词需用复数形式"are"。故答案为:D。
点评】考查现在进行时。注意当句子中出现"Look!"、"Listen!"等提示当前动作的词时,需用现在进行时,同时需根据主语的人称和数选择正确的be动词形式。
9.C
10.D
11.C
12.C
【解析】句意:男孩们喜欢在操场上打篮球。play玩,打球,是动词原形;plays第三人称单数形式;playing 现在分词或动名词形式;to play动词不定式。这里enjoy doing sth.是固定句型,喜欢做某事,故这里应用动名词形式作宾语,故选C。
【点评】此题考查固定句型enjoy doing sth.
13.C
【解析】句意:迈克喜欢运动,他总是花时间和朋友们一起做运动。A.plays(做,第三人称单数);B.play(做,动词原形);C.playing(做,动名词/现在分词);D.to play(做,不定式)。"spend time doing sth"(花费时间做某事)是固定搭配,后接动名词形式,故选C。
【点评】考查动名词。注意"spend time"后接动名词(doing)的用法。
14.D
15.C
【解析】句意:我现在可以看到男孩子们在操场上踢足球。A:play - 这是一个动词原形,通常用于一般现在时或祈使句中,表示经常性或习惯性的动作,或者直接的命令或请求。B:playing - 这是动词的现在分词形式,常用于构成现在进行时或动名词。C:are playing - 这是一个完整的现在进行时结构,表示现在正在进行的动作。D:played - 这是动词的过去式或过去分词形式,用于一般过去时或被动语态中。根据now可知要选择一个动词形式来表达现在正在进行的动作,所以C选项"are playing"是最合适的。故选C。
【点评】考查现在进行时的用法和句子结构的完整性。需要理解现在进行时的构成(be动词+动词的现在分词)以及其在句子中的用法(表示现在正在进行的动作)。同时,还需要注意题目对动词形式的具体要求,选择最符合语境和句子结构的选项。
16.C
【解析】句意:运动对我们来说非常重要,因为运动可以让我们健康。 It is+adj+for sb to do sth,对某人来说做某事是……的,固定句型。故选B。
【点评】考查动词不定式,注意固定句型It is+adj+for sb to do sth的用法。
17.C
【解析】句意:——你想和我们一起踢足球吗?——对。我非常喜欢踢足球。play踢,实义动词。want to do sth.想要做某事,固定搭配,所以用to play;enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事,固定搭配,所以用playing,故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配want to do sth.和enjoy doing sth.,理解句意。
18.B
【解析】句意:对不起我没接你的电话,因为那时我正在弹钢琴。A.played谈,一般过去时;B.was playing谈,过去进行时;C.am playing谈,现在进行时;D.play谈,一般现在时。根据"at that time"(那时)可知,这是过去某个时间正在做的事,用过去进行时。故选B。
【点评】考查过去进行时。根据"at that time"等时间状语,判断过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。
19.D
20.C
【解析】句意:——米莉在哪里?——我不确定,也许在健身房。这些天她对打羽毛球很感兴趣。play打,实义动词,单三式是plays,动词ing是playing,不定式是to play。be interested in doing sth.做某事感兴趣,固定搭配,所以用playing,故选C。
【点评】考查固定搭配be interested in doing sth.,理解句意。
21.C
【解析】句意:不仅仅是学生们,格林先生先生也在周末打篮球。play打,实义动词,单三式是plays,现在进行时是is/are playing。at weekends表明时态是一般现在时,not only...but also...做主语时遵循就近原则,but also后面的名词是单数Mr. Green,所以plays用plays,故选C。
【点评】考查主谓一致,首先理解选项区别,然后理解not only...but also...做主语时遵循就近原则,理解句意。
22.C
【解析】句意:——海伦,你哥哥在哪里?——看!他正在花园里和朋友们练习踢足球 play打,玩,动词原形;to playing介词+动名词结构;playing动名词,打,踢,玩。根据固定搭配practice doing sth ,练习做某事,可知这里用动名词,故答案为C
【点评】考查动名词。掌握practice的固定用法。
23.B
24.C
25.A
【解析】句意:汤姆和他的朋友们每周打两次篮球。A单三式,B动词原形,C动名词,D过去式,twice a week是一般现在时吧,with有就前一致原则,故主语是Tom,故谓语动词用单三式,故选A。
【点评】考查就近一致,主谓一致,一般现在时。分析语法结构,识别句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分,以及它们之间的关系。
26.D
27.A
【解析】句意:——吉姆在哪里?——看!他正在操场上打篮球。 A:正在打球(现在进行时的三单形式);B:打球(一般现在时的三单形式); C:打过球(一般过去时)。根据 Look! "看!",可知打球的动作正在发生,句子时态为现在进行时。故选A。
【点评】考查现在进行时。注意熟记现在进行时结构:be+现在分词。
28.B
29.A
【解析】句意:这位年轻的母亲总是看到她的小儿子在玩球。play玩,实义动词,动词ing是playing,不定式是to playing。see...doing sth.看见......正在做某事,固定搭配;see...do sth.看见......做某事,指的是全过程。always这是,结合句子可知讲的是总是看见儿子在玩球,所以用play,故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析,首先识记固定搭配see...doing/do sth.,然后根据句意确定答案。
30.D
【解析】句意:艾米是个相当不错的钢琴家,因为她总是练习弹钢琴。"play"动词原形,弹奏""玩"等;"to play"动词不定式;"plays"第三人称单数形式;"playing"动名词形式。"practise doing sth."是固定搭配,练习做某事,所以此处用动名词形式playing,故选D。
【点评】考查动名词形式。确定动词在句子中的位置和它所表达的动作或状态。
31.C
【解析】句意:我们经常看到老年人每天早上在广场上打太极来保持健康。play玩,动词。"plays"是一般现在时第三人称单数形式;"to play"是动词不定式;"play"是动词原形;"played"是一般过去时。根据句意可知,这里是说经常看到老人打太极,"see sb. do sth."表示经常看到某人做某事,所以用动词原形play,故选C。
【点评】考查动词原形。仔细阅读题目中的句子,理解其整体意思和上下文。
32.A
【解析】句意:在雪天玩雪球很愉快。A不定式,B动词原形,C单三式,D动名词,it's+形容词+不定式:做某事很愉快,固定搭配,不定式作主语,故选A。
【点评】考查动词不定式。注意认真阅读题目和选项,确保理解题目的要求和每个选项的含义。理解词汇和短语,熟悉常见词汇和短语的拼写、词性和意义。
33.D
34.A
【解析】句意:——打棒球怎么样?——我没有棒球。让我们打排球吧。play,玩,打,动词原形;playing,play的现在分词或动名词形式;plays,play的第三人称单数形式;to play,play的不定式。结合语句Let's……volleyball. 可知,let sb. do sth.是固定用法,需填动词原形play。故选A。
【点评】考查动词形式。注意固定结构let's do 的含义及结构。
35.C
【解析】句意:玩电脑游戏太久对青少年不好。 句子中缺少的是主语,而主语通常由名词、代词或动名词等词类充当。 Playing - 这是一个动名词,可以表示一个行为或活动,并且可以用作主语,正确。 故选C。
【点评】考查动名词做主语,理解句意。
36.C
【解析】句意:我认为在雪天玩雪球是令人愉快的。playing,玩,现在分词;played,play的过去式;to play,动词不定式。根据I think it's pleasant… snowballs on a snowy day.可知,it's pleasant to do sth表示高兴做某事,故答案为C。
【点评】考查动词不定式。注意it's pleasant to do sth的含义及构成。
37.B
【解析】句意:看!他们正在操场上踢足球。play football踢足球,固定搭配,根据look可知,此处描述正在发生的事情,用现在进行时,用am/is/are doing形式,此处主语是第三人称复数,系动词用are,故选B。
【点评】考查现在进行时。注意现在进行时和look连用的用法。
38.A
39.C
40.C
【解析】句意:我经常看见这些男孩放学后在操场上打篮球。A动名词,B不定式,C动词原形,短语,watch somebody doing,看到某人正在做某事,often watch sb do,经常看到某人做某事,故选C。
【点评】考查动词,注意识记often watch sb do的用法。
41.A
42.A
【解析】句意:每星期六我和朋友们在操场打篮球。play表一般现在时;will play表一般将来时;played表一般过去时;am playing表现在进行时。根据"every Saturday"提示,应用一般现在时,故选A。
【点评】考查时态(一般现在时)。认真阅读题干,理解句子的整体意义,捕捉题干中对动作发生时间所隐含的信息。可以把语境中比较完整的句子中的动词或另一个相关动词所发生的时间作为参照时间,再把选项中的动词与它作比较,看看它所表示的动作是发生在参照时间之前、之后还是正在进行,从而确定选用什么时态。
43.C
【解析】句意:今天早上我路过的时候,看到许多孩子在公园里玩耍 。play,玩耍,动词,过去式为played;现在分词或动名词为playing;动词不定式为to play。结合语句This morning when I walked by, I saw many children…in the park. 可知,see sb doing sth,看到某人正在做某事,故答案为C。
【点评】考查固定搭配和动名词。注意see sb doing sth的含义及构成。
44.D
45.C
【解析】句意:——你哥哥的爱好是什么?——他喜欢踢足球。A动词原形,B动词的第三人称单数,C动名词或者动词的现在分词,D动词的过去式或者过去分词,like doing sth固定搭配,故选C。
【点评】考查动词的形式。注意识记like doing sth的用法。
46.A
【解析】句意:不要在河边踢足球。为什么不在操场上踢呢?A动词原形,B单三式,C不定式,D动名词,Why not do,固定搭配,为什么不做某事呢,表示建议,故用动词原形,故选A。
【点评】考查动词,注意识记Why not do的用法。
47.B
【解析】句意:我们经常在星期天下午踢足球,但是上星期天下午我们打乒乓球。 play 动词原形; played 过去式或过去分词; is playing 现在进行时; are playing 现在进行时。根据"last Sunday afternoon"可知,句子是一般过去时,因此动词填过去式,故选B。
【点评】考查时态(一般过去时)。认真阅读题干,理解句子的整体意义,捕捉题干中对动作发生时间所隐含的信息。可以把语境中比较完整的句子中的动词或另一个相关动词所发生的时间作为参照时间,再把选项中的动词与它作比较,看看它所表示的动作是发生在参照时间之前、之后还是正在进行,从而确定选用什么时态。
48.B
【解析】句意:我来自哈尔滨。对我来说,玩雪很有趣,所以冬天是我最喜欢的季节。 A:play玩,原形;b:to play玩,动词不定式;c:plays,玩,三单式;D:playd,玩,过去式。固定句型:It +be+形容词+to do sth.做某事……,it是形式主语,用动词不定式作真正主语。故答案为:B。
【点评】考查动词不定式。注意理解句子语境、逐一分析选项、识记动词不定式作真正主语,运用语法规则验证答案。
49.D
【解析】句意:放学后和同学打网球是个好主意。 play 动词原形; plays 三单式; playing 现在分词或者动名词; to play 动词不定式。根据"It's a good idea"可知,考查it is+名词+to do sth固定句型,表示"做某事是个好主意",因此填不定式。故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词以及固定句式:it is+名词+to do sth。注意:解答非谓语动词相关题目时,首先要读题审题,仔细阅读题目,理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构,找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用,确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态,根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系,判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项,将分析结果与选项进行对比,选择最符合题意的答案。
50.B
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