Unit 2 Home sweet home Section A 课文解析(学案) 2025-2026学年新人教版八年级英语上册

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Unit 2 Home sweet home Section A 课文解析(学案) 2025-2026学年新人教版八年级英语上册

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 2 Home sweet home
Section A 课文解析
1.【教材原文】What chores do you do 你做什么家务?
(1)do chores 做家务
例:My mom asks me to do chores every weekend. 我妈妈每周末要求我做家务。
【牛刀小试】
1.Don’t make your cat wet when you do_______ (chore).
【答案】chores
2.【教材原文】pack up things. 收拾东西。
(1)pack
pack可以作动词,也可以作名词
① 〔作动词〕 打包;收拾
例:I packed my clothes for the trip. 我为旅行打包了衣服。
The park was packed with people. 公园里挤满了人。
【常见短语、词组】
pack up 收拾行李;打包
例:Let’s pack up the tent. 我们把帐篷收起来吧。
Let’s pack up the tent before it rains.下雨前收拾好帐篷吧。
I need to pack up my suitcase for the trip. 为了这次旅行,我需要打包行李箱。
② 〔作名词〕小包;包裹
例:He put too many things into his pack.他放太多的东西在他的包裹里。
【常见短语、词组】
a pack of... 一包......
例:He bought a pack of batteries. 他买了一包电池。
【词汇拓展】
package n. 包裹
【牛刀小试】
1.Before you go on a trip, you should ________ your clothes and other things carefully.
A.clean upB.put upC.pack upD.meet up
【答案】C
3.【教材原文】clean the bathroom 打扫浴室
(1)bathroom
bathroom意为“浴室;洗手间”。由“bath”和“room”组合而成。
【拓展】类似的复合词还有:
bedroom卧室、living room客厅;起居室,dining room餐厅,classroom教室,
washroom洗手间、盥洗室,waiting room候车室;候诊室。
【牛刀小试】
1.The ________ in the bathroom needs to be cleaned twice a week.
A.bedroomB.balconyC.living roomD.toilet
【答案】D
2.The________(live) room is the best place to relax with family.
【答案】living
4.【教材原文】 feed the fish 喂鱼
(1)feed
〔动词〕 喂食,饲养;供养
例:She feeds her cat twice a day. 她每天喂她的猫两次。
He has a large family to feed. 他要养活一大家子人。
【常见短语、词组】
①feed on sth (动物)以...为食
例:Cows feed on grass. 奶牛以草为食。
5.【教材原文】hang up photos 挂照片
(1)hang up
① hang up 挂断(电话)
例:She hung up before I could answer. 她没等我回答就挂断了电话。
She hung up the phone angrily. 她生气地挂断了电话。
② hang up 悬挂;挂起
例:Hang up your coat on the hook. 把外套挂在钩子上。
Hang up your wet towel in the bathroom. 把你的湿毛巾挂在浴室。
【拓展】
hang out 闲逛
例:We used to hang outat the mall after school. 我们以前放学后常在商场闲逛。
【小试牛刀】
After finishing the call, she _____ the phone and went to do her homework.
A. hung up B. hung out C. gave up D. picked up
【答案】A
6.【教材原文】water the plants 给植物浇水
(1)water
water可作动词或名词
①〔作动词〕 浇水
例:Water the flowers twice a week.一周浇花两次。
②〔作名词〕 水
例:I'm thirsty. I need a glass of water. 我渴了,我需要一杯水。
7.【教材原文】sort things into boxes 把东西分类到盒子里
(1)sort
sort 可以作动词,也可以作名词
①〔作名词〕 种类
例:What sort of book is this 这是哪种类型的书?
② 〔作动词〕把……分类;整理
例:Sort the apples by size. 按大小给苹果分类。
【词汇拓展】
kind n.种类(近义词)
例:What sort of music do you like 你喜欢哪种音乐?
This kind of behavior is unacceptable. 这种行为不可接受。
8.【教材原文】 invite friends to the new house 邀请朋友到新房子
(1)invite
〔作动词〕 邀请
【短语搭配】
①invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
例:She invited me to join the club. 她邀请我加入俱乐部。
②invite sb to sp邀请某人到某地
例:They invited us to dinner. 他们邀请我们共进晚餐。
I want to invite Tom to my party. 我想邀请Tom到我的派对。
【词汇拓展】
invitation n. 邀请
【牛刀小试】
1.Jane was shy. She would not invite her classmates ________ speaking English.
A.finishing B.to finish C.practicing D.to practice
【答案】D
9.【教材原文】keep fish in the living room在客厅养鱼
(1)keep
keep在此语境中译为“饲养;喂养”。
例:She keeps a cat as a pet. 她养了一只猫作为宠物。
They keep cows on their farm. 他们在农场里养奶牛。
【拓展】keep其他用法:
①“ keep + 形容词” 表示“保持、维持某种状态”
例:You should keep calm in an emergency. 在紧急情况下你应该保持冷静。
②表示“保存;保留”物品。
例:Keep this book for me until I come back. 在我回来之前帮我保存好这本书。
③keep doingsth表示“继续,持续做某事”。
例:Keep working hard and you'll achieve your goals.继续努力工作,你会实现你的目标的。
④表示“阻止;防止”某人做某事
例:His parents try to keep him from smoking. 他的父母试图阻止他吸烟。
⑤表示“履行;遵守”承诺、规定等
例:You should keep your promise. 你应该遵守你的诺言。
We must keep the rules of the school. 我们必须遵守学校的规章制度。
10.【教材原文】But I want to spend time with them before we move.但在我们搬家之前,我想花点时间和他们在一起。
(1)move
〔作动词〕移动;搬家
例:Move your chair closer to the table. 把你的椅子移到桌子附近。
We moved to a new house last month. 上个月我们搬到了新房子
11.【教材原文】 I can’t wait to show them our new house.我迫不及待地想带他们看看我们的新房子。
(1)can’t wait to do sth
can’t wait 后加to do sth意为“迫不及待做某事”。
例:I can’t wait to visit the new museum this weekend. 这周末我迫不及待要去参观博物馆。
【注意】 can’t wait+不定式
【牛刀小试】
1.I can’t wait__________(open) it when my mother send me a gift.
【答案】to open
12.【教材原文】 Can I put some flowers by the window 我可以在窗边放些花吗?
(1)by
①“by+交通方式名词” 意为“通过某种交通方式”。
例:I go to school by bus. 我坐公交车去上学。
②〔作介词〕 在……旁边
例: sit by the window 坐在窗户旁边
13.【教材原文】—But their room is already clean! 但他们的房间已经干净了!
—Well, it’s not “grandma clean” yet.嗯,这还不是“符合奶奶标准的干净”。
(1)yet
①yet可以作副词使用,常用于否定句和疑问句中。在否定句中,通常放在句末,表示某事尚未发生,意为“还;尚”。在疑问句中,同样放在句末,用来询问某事是否已经发生。
例:I haven’t finished my homework yet. 我还没完成作业。
Have you eaten dinner yet 你已经吃过晚饭了吗?
Has she arrived yet 她已经到了吗?
②yet可以作连词使用,意为“然而;但是”,用于引出与前文内容相对或不同的观点、情况等,通常用逗号与前句隔开。
例:He worked hard, yet he failed the exam. 他学习很努力,但还是考试不及格。
The problem is difficult, yet we must solve it. 这个问题很棘手,但我们必须解决它。
【拓展】already和yet相对应,表示某事已经发生,用于肯定句 。
例:She has already read this book. 她已经读过这本书了。
14.【教材原文】Yes, but now we need to get ready for their arrival.是的,但现在我们需要为他们的到来做好准备。
(1)arrival
〔名词〕到达
【词组搭配】
on arrival 到达时
例:Please call me on your arrival at the airport. 你到达机场时请给我打电话。
【词汇拓展】
arrive v. 到达;抵达
注意:arrive后接地点需加介词 at 或 in;at接小地点,in接大地点
例:Her arrival at the station caused excitement. 她到达车站引起了轰动。
【牛刀小试】
1.The_______ (arrive) of the new furniture made the room look nicer.
【答案】arrival
15.【教材原文】 Helen, can I borrow your chess set 海伦,我能借你的象棋吗?
(1)borrow
〔动词〕借
【词组搭配】
borrow sth from sb向某人借某物
例:Can I borrow a pen from you 能借我支笔吗?
Can I borrow your pen Mine is broken. 我能借你的钢笔吗?我的坏了。
【辨析】borrow、lend和keep
borrow意为“借入;借用”,指从别人那里借来东西供自己使用。
lend意为“借出;借给”,指把自己的东西暂时给别人使用。
keep有“保留;保存;持有”等意思,在表示借东西的语境中,强调借东西后持有、保存的时长。
例:I borrowed a book from the library. 我从图书馆借书。
She lent me her umbrella. 她借给我伞。
You can keep this dictionary for two weeks. 你可以借这本词典两周。
【牛刀小试】
1. — Can I ________ your bike
— Sorry, I've lent it to Tom.
A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. buy
【答案】A
2.—Could I ________ your bike
—Sorry, I ________ it to Mary yesterday.
A.lent; borrowB.lend; borrowedC.borrow; lentD.lent; borrowed
【答案】C
16.【教材原文】make grandparents feel at home让祖父母有宾至如归的感觉
(1)make sb feel at home让某人感到宾至如归
例:The hostess made us feel at home with her warm smile. 女主人用她温暖的微笑让我们感觉宾至如归。
17.【教材原文】Dad, could you please give me a lift to the shop this afternoon 爸爸,今天下午你能载我去商店吗?
(1)lift
lift可以作动词,也可以作名词。
①〔作名词〕电梯;搭便车
例:Take the lift to the 5th floor. 乘电梯到5楼。
②〔作动词〕举起;抬起
例:He lifted the box onto the shelf. 他把箱子举到架子上。
【短语搭配】
give sb a lift 开车顺便送某人
例:Can you give me a lift to school 你能载我去学校吗?
My neighbor gave me a lift to school this morning. 我邻居今天早上让我搭顺风车到学校。
【牛刀小试】
1. 你能顺便送我吗?我的车坏了。
Could you __________ ________ __________ ________ My car is broken.
【答案】give me a lift
18.【教材原文】add things to their room 给他们房间添加物品
(1)add
〔动词〕添加;加
【短语搭配】
add sth to sth 把某物加到某物里
例:Add some salt to the soup. 给汤里加点盐。
Please add your name to the list.(请把你的名字加到名单上。)
【牛刀小试】
1.If Lucy _______ (添加) some milk to the black coffee, she can get a glass of latte.
【答案】adds
19.【教材原文】plan a treasure hunt 计划寻宝
(1)plan
plan可以作动词,也可以作名词。
①〔作名词〕计划;方案
【短语搭配】
make a plan 制定计划
例:What’s your plan for the weekend 你周末有什么计划?
Let’s make a plan for the trip. 为旅行制定计划吧。
②〔作动词〕策划;打算
【短语搭配】
plan to do sth 计划做某事
例:They plan to visit Paris next year. 他们计划明年去巴黎。
She plans to visit Japan next year. 她计划明年去日本。
We plan to go hiking next week. 我们计划下周去徒步。
【牛刀小试】
1. I plan ________ to the shopping mall this Saturday.
A.go B.went C.going D.to go
【答案】D
2.Do you have any (plan) for the summer holiday
【答案】plans
(2) hunt
hunt可以作动词,也可以作名词。
①〔作名词〕搜寻;狩猎
【短语搭配】
treasure hunt寻宝游戏
例:The lion is on the hunt for food. 狮子正在觅食。
We had a treasure hunt in the park yesterday. 昨天我们在公园玩了寻宝游戏。
②〔作动词〕搜寻;打猎
【短语搭配】
hunt for寻找
例:They hunted for mushrooms in the forest. 他们在森林里寻找蘑菇。
They hunted for the missing keys. 他们寻找丢失的钥匙。
【词汇拓展】
hunter n. 猎人;搜索者
hunting n. 打猎活动
【牛刀小试】
1. The police decided to ________ for the missing child in the forest near the town.
A. take B. hunt C. have D. find
【答案】B
20.【教材原文】 I’ll do it at once. 我马上去做。
(1)at once
at once意为“立刻,马上”。常用于句末
例:Please come to my office at once. 请马上来我的办公室。
21.【教材原文】Can I stay out until eleven 我能在外面待到十一点吗?
(1)until
until既可以作介词,也可以作连词。
①〔作介词〕,until后接表示时间的名词或短语。
用于肯定句,谓语动词通常是延续性动词,表示这个动作一直持续到 “until” 后面的时间为止。
例:I'll wait for you until 9 o'clock. 我会等你到9点钟。(一直等到9点钟)
用于否定句,构成 “not...until...” 结构,表示“直到……才……”,即动作直到 “until” 后面的时间才开始发生,谓语动词通常是短暂性动词。
例:I didn't go to bed until my mother came back.(直到我妈妈回来我才上床睡觉。)
The children didn't leave the park until it got dark.(孩子们直到天黑才离开公园。)
②until〔作连词〕,引导时间状语从句,从句中谓语动词的时态要根据主从句的时间关系来确定。
主句用延续性动词,从句动作发生时,主句动作一直在持续,直到从句动作结束。
例:She watched TV until her father came home.(她一直看电视直到她爸爸回家。)
They played games until the rain stopped.(他们一直玩游戏直到雨停了。)
主句用短暂性动词,构成 “not...until...” 结构,从句动作发生时,主句动作才开始。
例:I won't tell him the news until he asks me.(直到他问我,我才会告诉他这个消息。)
The shop doesn't open until 9 a.m.(这家商店直到上午9点才开门。)
【牛刀小试】
1.The baby ________ stop crying ________ its mother came back.
A.doesn’t; untilB.didn’t; becauseC.didn’t; untilD.doesn’t; because
【答案】C
2.—When will we finish the discussion
—________ we reach an agreement.
A.BeforeB.UntilC.Not untilD.Since
【答案】C
22.【教材原文】Yes, if you are careful with it.是的,如果你小心的话。
(1)be careful with
be careful with 意为“当心;注意”。
例:Be careful with the glass. It's very fragile. 小心那些玻璃杯,它们很易碎。
Please be careful with my computer. It's expensive. 请小心使用我的电脑,它很贵。
Be careful with the children when you take them to the park. 带孩子们去公园的时候要小心照顾他们。
【拓展】be careful of 提防,注意
例:Be careful of the dog. It sometimes bites people. 小心那条狗,它有时会咬人。
You should be careful of the traffic when you cross the road. 你过马路时要小心车辆。
Be careful of making hasty decisions. 要小心,别仓促做决定。
【注意】“be careful of” 更强调对潜在的危险因素的警觉警惕,后常接危险的人、物或情况;“be careful with” 更强调对事物要多关注,多用心思,多注意,防止造成损失或者不良后果,后多接需要谨慎对待的具体物品或人。
【牛刀小试】
1.You should ________ your personal information online. There are many bad people trying to get it.
A.be careful withB.catch up withC.get on withD.come up with
【答案】A
2.You should be ________ with the knife when you use it. (care)
【答案】careful
23.【教材原文】You want to call your parents, but your phone is dead.你想给你父母打电话,但你的手机没电了。
(1)dead
〔作形容词〕不运行的;死的
dead常与系动词连用,表示“死了”的状态
例:The dog is dead. 这狗死了。
He died yesterday. 他昨天去世了。
He has been dead for a year. 他去世一年了。
【词汇拓展】
die v. 死亡
death n. 死亡
【牛刀小试】
1.Jimmy has been ________ for a year. His ________ has made his wife give up hope of life.
A.died, deathB.dead, deathC.died, deadD.dead, deads
【答案】B
2.—Is the old man still alive
—I'm sorry he's ______.He ______ one week ago.
A.dead, diedB.dying, deadC.dying, diedD.died, dead
【答案】A
24.【教材原文】 Your friend went to an English class and took notes.你的朋友去上英语课并做笔记。
(1)note
note 可以作动词,也可以作名词。
①〔作名词〕 笔记;记录;便条
例:Take notes during the lecture. 听课的时候记笔记。
【常见词组】
take notes 记笔记
write a note写便条
例:She wrote a note to remind herself. 她写了张便条提醒自己。
Please take notes during the lecture. 听讲座时请记笔记。
②〔作动词〕 注意;指出
例:I noted that he was absent. 我注意到他缺席了。
【牛刀小试】
1.我们在课上必须认真记笔记。
We must carefully in class.
【答案】take notes
2.My Chinese teacher often asks me ________ notes while reading a book.
A.take B.takesC.takingD.to take
【答案】D
25.【教材原文】You are holding a large box.你拿着一个大盒子。
(1)hold
〔动词〕拿,握;举办;保持
例:Hold the book in your hand. 把书拿在手里。
We will hold a party tonight. 我们今晚将举办一个派对。
Hold your breath. 屏住呼吸。
【常见词组】
hold on 等一下;坚持
hold up举起;阻挡
【牛刀小试】
1.Last week, they______ (hold) a welcome party for the new students from England.
【答案】held
2. The school will ________ a meeting to discuss the plan for the sports day next Friday.
A. take B. carry C. win D. hold
【答案】D
26.【教材原文】You and your classmates want to help clean up the community.你和你的同学想帮助清理社区。
(1)community
〔名词〕社区;社团
【常见词组】
the scientific community 科学界
community service 社区服务
例:Our community has a lot of activities. 我们的社区有很多活动。
Students did community service on weekends.学生周末做社区服务。
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