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　单元重点集中练
Ⅰ.(2024通辽中考)完形填空【主题:人与社会　如何成为伟大的人】
One day,a little girl asked her mother,“What does the word‘great’mean Who are great people and 　1　 do they become great ”
The mother asked her daughter to bring two plants and then told her to plant one of them inside the house and 　2　 outside the house.The girl did as her mother said.
The mother asked her daughter,“Which one of the two plants do you think will be safer and bigger ”The girl replied,“The plant inside the house will be safer,so it will grow bigger,　3　 the plant outside the house is not safe at all.No one will be there to 　4　 it.It may be eaten by animals.”
The mother smiled and said,“Let’s wait 　5　.We will know the answer.”
Then the girl left for study and after five years she came back to her house.She said to her mother,“Look!　6　 happens to this plant inside the house and it is safe.”
When the girl went outside,she was very 　7　 to see such a big tree.The girl couldn’t believe her eyes.She couldn’t understand how the plant outside was able to grow a lot bigger than the plant inside the house.
“The plant outside the house faced four 　8　 and many difficulties.”The mother 　9　 to her daughter why the plant outside was bigger.“The plant inside was safe,but it didn’t face weather changes or get enough sunlight.So it didn’t become big.”
Here is the answer 　10　 the question about being great.To become a great person,one must have experienced many difficulties and overcome those difficulties.After that,he or she is able to become great.
1.A.when B.how C.what D.where
2.A.other B.another C.the other D.others
3.A.while B.or C.if D.once
4.A.look like B.look for C.look through D.look after
5.A.exactly B.patiently C.actively D.wisely
6.A.Nothing B.Something C.Everything D.Anything
7.A.tired B.surprised C.worried D.pleased
8.A.chances B.weeks C.choices D.seasons
9.A.explained B.belonged C.turned D.smiled
10.A.for B.of C.to D.up
Ⅱ.阅读理解【主题:人与社会　爱迪生】
　　Thomas Edison was one of the greatest inventors.He had more than 1 000 inventions in his life.But he did not enjoy talking to reporters.He thought it was a waste of time.However,he did talk to a reporter in 1917.He was 70 years old at that time and still working on new devices and inventions.
The reporter asked Edison which of his many inventions he enjoyed the most.He answered quickly,the phonograph(留声机).He said the phonograph was really the most interesting.He also said it took longer to develop a machine to reproduce(复制) sound than any other of his inventions.
　　Thomas Edison told the reporter that he had listened to thousands of recordings.He especially liked music by Brahms,Verdi and Beethoven.He also liked popular music.
1.How many inventions did Edison have in his life
A.One hundred.
B.More than one hundred.
C.One thousand.
D.More than one thousand.
2.When was Edison born
A.In 1847. B.In 1837. C.In 1857. D.In 1917.
3.Which of Edison’s many inventions did he enjoy the most
A.The movie. B.The light.
C.The phonograph. D.The telephone.
4.What can we know from the passage
A.Thomas Edison enjoyed all kinds of music.
B.Thomas Edison was shy and afraid of talking.
C.Thomas Edison liked the phonograph because it’s interesting.
D.Thomas Edison worked on inventions until he was 70 years old.
Ⅲ.(2024临沂中考)阅读表达【主题:人与社会　人物经历】
After a game like football,the players might get an X-ray in the hospital if they hurt their legs or arms.A dentist can use X-rays to look at teeth.And airport workers use an X-ray machine to check objects before a plane leaves.Nowadays,X-ray technology is widely used in medicine and other fields.
X-rays were first discovered by a German scientist,Wilhelm Conrad R ntgen(1845-1923).He found them quite by accident in 1895.One day,he discovered that an unknown kind of radiation(放射线) could hardly pass through hard objects like bones(骨头).Later,R ntgen took a photo of his wife’s hand.It clearly showed her ring and her bones.That was the first X-ray photo in the world.
Why is there an“X”in the word X-ray It’s because R ntgen couldn’t explain exactly how it worked.He just knew that X-rays were new and useful for science.In fact,X-rays soon became an important tool in medicine.With the help of X-rays,doctors could see inside the human body for the first time without surgery(外科手术).
R ntgen was awarded the first Nobel Prize(诺贝尔奖) in physics in 1901 for his discovery.When he was asked what he was thinking at the moment of discovery,he replied,“I didn’t think,I investigated(研究).”R ntgen gave away his Nobel Prize money to his university.And he never took out any patents(专利权) on X-rays,to make sure that the world could freely make use of his discovery.
1.Where is X-ray technology used

2.When were X-rays discovered

3.Whose hand was in the first X-ray photo

4.Why did R ntgen name the ray“X-ray”

5.What do you think of R ntgen And why

【详解答案】
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文通过讲述一个小女孩种植植物的故事告诉我们成为伟大的人需要经历并克服许多困难的道理。
1.B　解析:句意:谁是伟大的人,他们是如何成为伟大的人的 when什么时候;how如何;what什么;where在哪里。根据句意可知此处询问成为伟大的人的方式。故选B。
2.C　解析:句意:母亲让女儿拿来了两株植物,然后让她把其中一株植物种在房子里,另一株种在房子外。other其他的;another三者或以上中的另一个;the other两者中的另一个;others其他的人或物。根据“The mother asked her daughter to bring two plants…inside the house.”可知此处指两者中的另一个。故选C。
3.A　解析:句意:房子内的植物会更安全,所以会长得更大,而房子外的植物则一点也不安全。while然而;or或者;if如果;once一旦。根据两句的逻辑关系,可知此处表示对比。故选A。
4.D　解析:句意:那里没人照顾它。look like看起来像;look for寻找;look through浏览;look after照顾。根据“…the plant outside the house is not safe at all”可知没人照顾它。故选D。
5.B　解析:句意:让我们耐心等待。exactly确切地;patiently耐心地;actively积极地;wisely明智地。根据“wait”可知此处指耐心等待。故选B。
6.A　解析:句意:看,这株在房子里的植物无事发生,它是安全的。Nothing无事;Something某事;Everything所有事;Anything任何事。根据“it is safe”可知房子里的植物无事发生。故选A。
7.B　解析:句意:当女孩出去后,她很惊讶看到那么大一棵树。tired累的;surprised惊讶的;worried担心的;pleased满意的。根据“The girl couldn’t believe her eyes.”可知她很惊讶。故选B。
8.D　解析:句意:房子外面的植物经历了四季和很多困难。chances机会;weeks星期;choices选择;seasons季节。根据“four”可知此处指四季。故选D。
9.A　解析:句意:妈妈给她的女儿解释为什么外面的植物更大。explained解释;belonged属于;turned转向;smiled微笑。根据“why the plant outside was bigger”可知此处指解释原因。故选A。
10.C　解析:句意:这就是关于伟大这个问题的答案。for为了;of……的;to属于;up向上。the answer to the question“问题的答案”,固定短语。故选C。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了伟大的发明家托马斯·爱迪生。
1.D　解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中“He had more than 1 000 inventions in his life.”可知答案。故选D。
2.A　解析:数字计算题。根据第一段中“However,he did talk to a reporter in 1917.He was 70 years old at that time”可知,爱迪生出生于(1917-70=)1847年。故选A。
3.C　解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中“The reporter asked Edison which of his many inventions he enjoyed the most.He answered quickly,the phonograph(留声机).”可知答案。故选C。
4.C　解析:推理判断题。根据第二段可知,爱迪生最喜欢留声机这一发明,因为他认为它有趣。故选C。
Ⅲ.1.In medicine and other fields.
2.In 1895.
3.Wilhelm Conrad R ntgen’s wife’s.
4.Because he couldn’t explain exactly how it worked.
5.I think he is selfless.Because he gave away his Nobel Prize money to his university,and he never took out any patents on X-rays,to make sure that the world could freely make use of his discovery.(答案不唯一,合理即可)

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