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Unit 4 Information Technology Lesson 1 (Reading)
梯度分层
基础巩固：课堂衔接，回归教材，夯实根本
拔高提升：进阶训练，聚焦核心，提炼重难
思维拓展：情景构建，素养提升，高阶训练
（一）英译汉
2D (2 - dimensional)________________
a variety of ________________
blog ________________
cheat ________________
concern ________________
creativity ________________
experiment ________________
fancy ________________
hairstyle ________________
identity ________________
image ________________
nowadays ________________
obviously ________________
selection ________________
sensible ________________
sex ________________
trick ________________
type ________________
variety ________________
virtual ________________
view ________________
（二）汉译英
1. vt. 看；把……视为________________
n. 担忧；忧虑；
vt. 与……有关；使担心
________________
adv. 显而易见地；明显地
________________
n. 创造力；独创性________________
adj. 朴素实用的；明智的；合理的 ________________
adj. 花哨的；别致的
________________
vt. 欺骗；诱骗；哄骗
________________
n. 身份；特征 ________________
adj. 二维的 ________________
n. 性别 ________________
n. 博客；网络日志；
vi. 写博客________________
vi.&vt. 做试验；进行实验；
n. 实验 ________________
adj. 虚拟的；模拟的
________________
n. 发型；发式
________________
adv. 现今；现时
________________
n. 多样化；变化
________________
各种各样的
________________
n. 供选择的同类物品；选择 ________________
vi.&vt. 打；打字；
n. 类型；种类 ________________
vt. 欺骗；欺诈 ________________
n. 图像；形象 ________________
1. A _____ (vary) of high-tech tools can help you keep track of your students' progress.
2. Nowadays, there is a sharp increase in children's _____ (create), for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.
3. He believes that students should be encouraged to experiment _____ new ideas.
4. The children have to sit a tough _______ (select) test.
5. Every one of us has a _______ (sense) avatar for work, meeting people, or having fun.
6. _______ (obvious), he was making up an excuse for his being late.
7. The events that occurred on the Internet have caused a few _______ (concern).
8. People tend to shop in a supermarket as it offers a ___________ (vary) of goods.
9. Do you fancy _____ (buy) some food with me
10. The Internet makes us smarter over _____ (variety) kinds of things.
完形填空
Whenever Michael Carl, the fashion market director at Vanity Fair, goes out to dinner with friends, he plays something called the "phone stack" game: Everyone 1 the phones in the middle of the table; whoever looks at the device before the check arrives pays for the tab (账单).
Brandon Holley, the former editor of the Lucky magazine, had trouble 2 her mobile phone when she got home from work. So about six months ago, she 3 putting her phone into a milk tin the moment she walked in. It remained there until after dinner. And Mare Jacobs, the fashion designer, didn't 4 to sleep close to a buzzing gadget (小装置). So he banned digital devices from his bedroom—a house rule he 5 with audiences during a recent screening of Disconnect, a film that shows how technology has alienated (使疏远) people from one another.
As smartphones 6 to make their way into our lives, wearable devices like Google Glass threaten to destroy our personal space even further. Whether it's a physical 7 (no iPads at the dinner table) or a conceptual (概念上的) one (turn off devices by 11 p.m.), users say these disconnecting techniques are improving their relationships.
"Disconnecting is a luxury (不常有的乐趣) that we all 8 ," said Lesley M.M. Blume, a New York writer who keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home. "The expectation that we must always be 9 to employers, colleagues and family creates a real problem in trying to 10 private time. But that private time is more important than ever."
A popular method for disconnecting is to choose a box for your cellphone, like the milk tin that Ms. Holley uses. " 11 my phone is buzzing or lighting up, it's still a distraction (分散注意力的事), so it 12 in the box," said Ms. Holley. Others choose new rules. "No screens after 11 p.m.," said Ari Melber, a TV host. "Now evenings are more 13 and I am sleeping better," he added.
Sleep is a big factor, which is why some 14 to leave their phones out of their bedrooms. "I don't want to sleep next to something full of photos and emails," said Peter Som, a fashion designer, who keeps his phone plugged in in the living room overnight. "It 15 distinguishes daytime and sleep time."
1. A. exchanges B. allocates C. arranges D. places
2. A. examining B. ignoring C. missing D. finding
3. A. stopped B. forgot C. began D. suggested
4. A. hate B. want C. expect D. refuse
5. A. talked B. agreed C. provided D. shared
6. A. intend B. choose C. continue D. happen
7. A. barrier B. suffering C. issue D. drawback
8. A. learn B. consider C. accept D. need
9. A. dependable B. available C. convenient D. appealing
10. A. figure out B. save up C. set aside D. take up
11. A. Unless B. If C. Until D. Although
12. A. goes B. fills C. buries D. lays
13. A. flexible B. urgent C. relaxing D. upsetting
14. A. admit B. prefer C. refuse D. permit
15. A. definitely B. rarely C. finally D. originally
（二）短文填空
Tim Berners-Lee
If you don't know his name very well, you've surely used his famous ① ______ (invent). The World Wide Web ② ______ (create) by the British scientist for more than thirty years. On Oct.29 2019, the Internet ③ ______ (official) turned 50 years old. To mark the day, Berners-Lee wrote online, “The Internet and the web have changed billions of lives for ④ ______ better. But their power for good is under threat.”
⑤ ______ (speak) at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), he pointed out three problems affecting today's web—criminal behavior, ad-based clickbait websites, and offensive online communication, ⑥ ______ led Berners-Lee to create the Web Foundation and a contract for the web. Both aim ⑦ ______ (protect) Internet users.
In the contract, he mentioned the need for companies to make sure that everyone has web access, and called for a reduction in offensive material, and more ⑧ ______ (person) data privacy. The latter is a hot topic right now. Big companies, like Facebook, have misused users' personal information by ⑨ ______ (share ) it with advertisers.
Speaking to the Web Foundation, Berners-Lee said, “The web has become a public square, a library, a doctor's office, a shop, a school, and it has given marginalized groups a voice.”
“In the next 30 years, if we give up on trying to build a better web. . . we will have failed it. We need to come together ⑩ ______ a global community.”
答案以及解析
（一）英译汉
adj. 二维的
各种各样的
n. 博客；网络日志；vi. 写博客
vt. 欺骗；欺诈
n. 担忧；忧虑；vt. 与…… 有关；使担心
n. 创造力；独创性
vi.&vt. 做试验；进行实验；n. 实验
adj. 花哨的；别致的
n. 发型；发式
n. 身份；特征
n. 图像；形象
adv. 现今；现时
adv. 显而易见地；明显地
n. 供选择的同类物品；选择
adj. 朴素实用的；明智的；合理的
n. 性别
vt. 欺骗；诱骗；哄骗
vi.&vt. 打；打字；n. 类型；种类
n. 多样化；变化
adj. 虚拟的；模拟的
vt. 看；把…… 视为
（二）汉译英
view
concern
obviously
creativity
sensible
fancy
trick
identity
2D (2 - dimensional)
sex
blog
experiment
virtual
hairstyle
nowadays
variety
a variety of
selection
type
cheat
image
1. 答案：variety
解析：句意为：各种各样的高科技工具可以帮你了解学生的进步情况。a variety of/varieties of 表示“多种多样的”。
2. 答案：creativity
解析：句意为：现在，孩子们在创造力上有很大的提高，因为他们被大力鼓励去发展他们的天赋。设空处应用名词形式作介词in的宾语，根据句意可知，此处表示“创造力”，故填creativity, 为不可数名词。
3. 答案：with
解析：句意为：他认为应该鼓励学生尝试新的想法。experiment with. . . 表示“尝试……”。
答案：selection
解析：句意：孩子们必须参加一次严格的选拔测试。此处应用名词作定语，修饰test。
5. 答案：sensible
解析：根据设空处后的名词avatar可知，此处应用形容词。sensible朴素实用的；合理的；明智的。
6. 答案：Obviously解析：句意：显然，他在为他的迟到编造借口。分析句子可知，此处应填副词。obviously显而易见地，明显地。
7. 答案：concerns解析：句意：网上发生的事件已经引起了一些关注。根据设空处前的a few可知，此处应填名词复数。concern担心，担忧。
8. 答案：variety
解析：句意为：人们经常去超市购物，因为那里有多种多样的商品。 a variety of/ varieties of表示“多种多样的”。
9. 答案：buying
解析：句意为：你想和我一起买吃的吗？fancy doing sth.固定搭配表示“想要做某事”。
10. 答案：various
解析：句意为：互联网让我们在各种事情上更聪明。various形容词修饰kinds of things。
（一）完形填空
答案：1-5 DBCBD 6-10 CADBC 11-15 BACBA
解析：本文主要介绍了几位名人利用各种策略来减少手机的使用，以便给自己留出更多的个人时间。
根据前文"phone stack"和下文可知，每个人在吃饭的时候都把手机放在桌子中央。故选D。
2. 根据下文"So about six months ago, she 3 putting her phone into a milk tin the moment she walked in. "可知，她回到家后很难忽视手机，所以采取了一定的措施。故选B。
3. 根据下文"It remained there until after dinner. "可知，她开始把手机放在一个牛奶罐里。故选
C。
4. 根据上下文可知，本文描述的是一些人减少手机使用的方式。时尚设计师Mare Jacobs也是其中一个，他不想靠近手机睡觉。故选B。
5. 根据下文"a film that shows how technology has alienated (使疏远) people from one another"可推断电影《断线》讲述科技是如何使人们疏远的，因此推断他跟观看这部电影的观众分享家规，此处是share sth. with sb. “与某人分享某物”，故选D。
6. 根据语境可知，此处指智能手机不断进入我们的生活。故选C。
7. 根据括号中的"no iPads at the dinner table" (餐桌上不用iPad) 可知，这是人们用手机的物理障碍。故选A。
8. 根据下文"a New York writer who keeps her phone away from the dinner table at home"可推知，她认为断网是我们所需要的。故选D。
9. 我们手机不离身就是因为需要随时回复老板、同事和家人的信息，随时待命。此处用available表示随时能够被找到，故选B。
10. 老板、同事和家人对我们必须随时待命的期望在我们试图留出私人时间方面造成了一个真正的问题。故选C。
11. 如果手机屏幕亮起，这依然是让人分心的事。此处为条件状语从句，用If引导。故选B。
12. 如果手机屏幕亮起，这依然是让人分心的事，因此让它去盒子里。故选A。
13. 根据下文"I am sleeping better"可知，现在晚上更令人放松。故选C。
14. 根据上下文可知，人们更喜欢把手机放在卧室外，以减少使用手机。故选B。
15. 根据上文"keeps his phone plugged in in the living room overnight"可知，Peter Som总是把手机放在客厅充电，他认为这能把白天和睡觉时间区分开，“绝对”一词能表明他对把手机放在卧室外的支持。故选A。
（二）短文填空
答案：invention;has been created; officially;the;Speaking;which;to protect;personal; sharing;as
解析：①考查名词。根据空前的his可知，此处应用名词做宾语，且此处指的是“互联网”这项发明，应用名词单数形式，故填 invention。
②考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“for more than thirty years”可知，此处用现在完成时，且The World Wide Web和create之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是The World Wide Web, 谓语用第三人称单数。故填 has been created。
③考查副词。空处修饰动词 turned, 应用 official 的副词形式，故填officially。
④考查冠词。根据上下文可知，这里的意思是“变得更好”，for the better 为固定搭配，意为“变得更好”。故填 the。
⑤考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，句子的主语he 和 speak之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填 Speaking。
⑥考查定语从句。分析句子结构并结合空前的逗号可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面整句话，并在从句中做主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
⑦考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“目的是做某事”。故填 to protect。
⑧考查形容词。空处修饰名词data privacy, 应用形容词做定语，故填 personal。
⑨考查动名词。by是介词，其后要跟动名词形式做宾语，故填 sharing。
⑩考查介词。分析语境可知，这里的意思是“作为”，故填as。

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