Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animalst Section A 知识清单 (含答案)人教2024版八年级上册

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Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animalst Section A 知识清单 (含答案)人教2024版八年级上册

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Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
知识清单
Section A What can plants and animals do?
一、单元词汇
单词 1. n. 苔藓2. n. 红衫,红木3. n. 猎豹4. adj. 折叠式的,可折叠的5. n. 竹子,竹6. adj. 受欢迎的,流行的7. n. 美德,营养8. n. 工具,手段9. adv. 实际上,居然10. n. 嫩芽,幼苗v.开枪,设计 过去式 11. v. 出现,呈现12. n. 土地, 陆地 v. 降落,着陆13. n. 非洲人 adj. 非洲的,非洲人的14. n. 玫瑰,蔷薇15. n. 牡丹,芍药16. n. 莲花17. n. 蝴蝶18. n. 翅膀,翼19. n. 蛙,青蛙20. v. 有...重,称重 21. 千克,公斤22. n.银杏23. n. 省份
短语 1. 在世界上2. 折扇3. ......的象征4. 在中国文化中5. 长得最快的植物之一6. 了解到很多有趣的事情7. 建造房子8. 制作工具和器具9. 竹笋10. 对......感兴趣11. 导游12. 与某人分享某事13. 可以随便作某事14. 似乎......15. 在地球上16. 重达17. 两亿多年前18. 成千上万的游客19. 散步20. 希望和长寿的象征21. 给心灵带来欢乐22. 亮黄色叶子
二、单元重点、难点、考点精讲
Section A
1.Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings.竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一
【解析】one of+the+形容词最高级十可数名词复数形式 最....之一。
【注意】此结构使用时:
1. 形容词最高级前必须加the,
2. 后面接复数名词形式
3.谓语动词用单数形式(此时主语是one)
Elephants are one of the largest animals in the world. 大象是世界上最大的动物之一。
One of my friends lives in Shanghai.我的一个朋友住在上海。
2、People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments. 人们可以用它来建造房屋和制作工具及仪器。
【解析】use 的用法
①作动词:使用。What do people use bamboo for 人们用竹子做什么
②作名词:用途。 What's the use of this tool (这个工具的用途是什么?)
【搭配】
use sth. to do sth(用某物做某事).use sth for (doing)sth
He used the knife to cut the paper.
【拓展】形容词形式:useful 有用的 → 反义词 useless 无用的
3.Why does bamboo often appear in Chinese paintings 为什么竹子经常出现在中国画中?
【解析】appear v. 出现;呈现 过去式:
When did animals appear on the earth?地球上动物何时出现?
【拓展】appear可以作为系动词,意思为:看来,好像,可接形容词作表语,也可接不定式。
She appears happy today. (她今天看起来很开心。)
She appears to know a lot about the subject.(她似乎对这个主题了解很多。)
【词汇拓展】
名词形式:appearance n. 出现;外观 反义词:disappear v. 消失
4.Bamboo seems to be a very popular plant in China.竹子似乎在中国非常受欢迎。
【解析】seem系动词。意思:看起来;似乎
seem like sth 似乎,好像
She seems like a kind person. 她感觉是个善良的人。
【用法】
①seem +形容词
He seems unhappy.(他看起来不开心。)
② seem + 不定式 即seem to do
They seem to know the resultr.(他们似乎知道结果。)
③It seems/seemed that +句子
It seems that the boy likes the car very much.
5.Some could stand up to three meters tall and weigh up to 860kg.有些可以长到三米高,重达860公斤。
【解析】
(1)up to的用法
①直到。多达:指时间或数量。
The bookstore is open up to 11 p.m.(书店营业到晚上11点。)
This schoolbag can hold up to 50 books.(这个书包最多能装50本书。)
③由……决定,取决于,...的责任。 It's up to you to decide.(由你决定。)
(2)weigh动词。含义:
①表示“称……的重量”
He weighed himself on the scale.(他在秤上称自己的重量。)
②表示“有……重,重...”
How much do you weigh?你体重多少
She weighs 60 kilos 她体重60公斤
③ 认真考虑,权衡,斟酌
I weighed the benefits of the plan. 我认真考虑了这个计划的好处。
【拓展】weigh与weight的区别
weigh 为动词,How much do you weigh (你的体重多少?)
weight 为名词,What's your weight (你的体重多少?)
the weight of... ...的重量
put on weight 增肥,体重增加
lose weight 减肥
6.Thousands of tourists come to see it each year. 每年很多游客来看
【解析】
thousand 数词,
①表示: 一千,可以与具体数字结合使用。
2,000 two thousand 两千
5,000 five thousand 五千
注意:在表示具体数字时,thousand后面无s
Two thousand students came here yesterday
②表示大概 模糊的数字时,可与of连用,组成thousands of 短语,此时thousand后面要加s。
Thousands of people attended the concert.成千上万的人参加了音乐会。
三、单元语法点
1.形容词和副词最高级
1.形容词副词最高级:
表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较,其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个,后面可用带有of、in、among的短语等来说明比较的范围。
形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the,副词最高级前的the可以省去。
①The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world.
②In my country, July is the hottest month of the year.
③The cheetah runs (the) fastest among all land animals.
形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则
规则变化
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词末一般直接加 er和 est great greater greatest
单音节词以 e结尾,只加 r和 st nicewide nicerwider nicestwidest
闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,需先双写这个辅音字母,再加 er和 est bighot biggerhotter biggesthottest
以辅音字母加 y结尾的词,先变 y为 i,再加 er和 est happy happier happiest
多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和most difficultexpensive more difficultmore expensive most difficultmost expensive
少数以 er, ow结尾的双音节词,加 er和 est clever cleverer cleverest
narrow narrower narrowest
注意:
有少数几个双音节形容词,既可以加 er和 est,又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是:common, handsome, polite, quiet, wicked, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired和以 ow, er结尾的词。
有些形容词没有程度可分,或形容词本身就表示某种程度,因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有:right(正确的),wrong(错误的),excellent(优秀的),possible(可能的),empty(空的),favorite(最爱的),perfect(完美的)等。
不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good, well better best
bad, ill worse worst
many, much许多的 more most
little less least
far farther距离远的 farthest距离最远
far further距离更远;程度更胜 furthest距离最远;程度最深
old older/elder oldest/eldest

3.形容词副词最高级的使用
(1)基本结构: the + 最高级 + 比较范围(通常用 in, of, among 等引出)
He is the smartest in our class. 他是我们班最聪明的。
This is the best movie of the year. 这是今年最好的电影。
(2)“最…… 之一”:one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词
Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.北京是中国最大的城市之一。
省略“the”的情况: 当最高级前有物主代词(my, his, their等)或名词所有格时,不再用 the。
Monday is my busiest day. 星期一是我最忙的一天。
副词最高级前的“the”可省略:
Who runs (the) fastest in your team 你们队里谁跑得最快?
“第几最……”:the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词
This is the second tallest building in our city.这是我们城市第二高的建筑。
(6)"否定词语+比较级","否定词语+so….as"结构表示最高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this.= Nothing is easier than this.= This is the easiest thing.(
7).比较级与最高级的转换:
Mike is the most intelligent in his class.(最高级)
Mike是他班里最聪明的。
→Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class.(比较级)
过关检测(Section A)
单项选择
1.—What do you think of the movie Ne Zha 2(哪吒 2)
—I think it’s fantastic and it’s one of ________ films during the Spring Festival.
A.the most popular B.more popular C.less popular D.popular
2.(2025·云南·中考真题)Journey to the West is one of ________ classic novels in China. People like reading it.
A.famous B.more famous C.the more famous D.the most famous
3.Zhao Chen ran ________ of all the students at the sports meeting.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.less fast
4. Tom said he would come to my birthday party, but he didn’t ______.
A. forget B. appear C. leave D. wait
5.Which colour do you like ________, purple, orange or pink
A.well B.good C.better D.best
6.—How much does a baby elephant ______
— Its ______ can be up to 120 kilograms.
A. weigh; weight B. weigh; weigh C. weight; weight D. weight; weigh
7.Although they are twins, they have nothing _______ common.
A. at B. with C. on D. in
8. The girl _______ excited when she heard the news yesterday.
A seems B seemed C appears D imagined
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
On a hot day, my grandpa sat under a tree with a ______ (fold) fan.
2. A tiger(老虎) __________ (appear) in the forest last week.
3.This restaurant is the (bad) one in town.
4.The (leaf) turn green in spring every year.
5.The of (weigh)the box is 20 kilograms,the boy can not carry it.
6.He (build)a house with wood last year.
三 根据汉语意思补全句子
1.麦克喜欢沿河散步来放松。
Mike enjoys _______ _______ _______ along the river to relax.
2 Deepseek是一个有用的工具。它可以帮忙解决很多问题。
Deepseek is_______ ________ ________,and it can ________many problems.
3.玛丽认为这首曲子是世上最优美的。
Mary thinks this piece of music is           in the world.
4.张老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
Mr. Zhang is one of teachers in our school.
---谁在比赛获得第一名?
---当然是Tom. 在我们中,她学习最努力
---Who got the first prize in this competition
--Of course Tom did. He worked ________
四 完型填空
Dear Nancy,
You asked about places to go and things to do in town.The Downtown Mall is always 1 .It’s a 2 place in the oldest part of town.There are some good stores and restaurants. 3 ,Trendy Clothes Store is in Downtown Mall.It’s a fun place to shop,and it has the 4 quality clothes.The shop assistants are friendly 5 people.My favorite 6 in town is Nick’s Restaurant.It is close to my house.It’s cheap and the hamburgers there are great.I like Dragon City Restaurant, 7 .You can eat wonderful noodles there and the beef noodles are the most delicious!You must try the dumplings there,too!But it’s more expensive than Nick’s.The Big Cinema is the best cinema in town.It has the biggest screens and the most 8 seats.The Del Ray Complex is also a good place to see movies.The Del Ray Complex doesn’t have 9 movies,but the tickets are the cheapest.
Anyway,there are lots of things to do and to see e for a 10 soon!
Love,
Kate
1.A.bad B.fun C.dull D.expensive
2.A.fishing B.skating C.reading D.shopping
3.A.So that B.For example C.As for D.In fact
4.A.better B.best C.worse D.worst
5.A.with B.for C.to D.at
6.A.school B.restaurant C.hospital D.park
7.A.too B.also C.either D.neither
8.A.dangerous B.comfortable C.important D.boring
9.A.the newer B.newer C.newest D.the newest
10.A.visit B.see C.walk D.dinner
参考答案
一 单项选择
1. A 2. D 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.B
二 适当形式填空
1 folding
2 appeared
3 worst
4 leaves
5 weight
6 built
三 完成句子
taking a walk
a useful tool solve
the most beautiful
the most popular
hardest among us
四 完型填空
1.【解析】选B。考查词义辨析。fun有趣的。根据下文“It’s a fun place to shop”可知应选B。
2.【解析】选D。考查语境理解。由上句“The Downtown Mall...”及下文中“...some good stores and restaurants.”可知。
3.【解析】选B。考查固定短语。for example举例说,例如。其余选项不合题意。
4.【解析】选B。考查形容词最高级。the best quality clothes质量最好的衣服。
5.【解析】选C。考查固定搭配。be friendly to...对……友好,是固定搭配。
6.【解析】选B。考查语境理解。由本句中“...is Nick’s Restaurant.”可知。
7.【解析】选A。考查词义辨析。too用于肯定句句尾;also用于肯定句句中;either用于否定句句尾;neither用于两者全否定。
8.【解析】选B。考查语境理解。the most comfortable seats最舒适的座位,其他选项意义不符。
9.【解析】选D。考查形容词最高级。句意:The Del Ray Complex没有最新的电影,但是票价最便宜。the newest最新的。
10.【解析】选A。考查语境理解。句意:快来看/参观一下吧!冠词a后需要一个名词,其他选项意义不符。
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