资源简介 Unit 1 This is me 语法精讲精练现在完成时一、现在完成时的概念1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,这种用法中的谓语动词一般为短暂性动词I've already finished my homework.我已经做完我的作业了。2. 表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,这种用法中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词。He has been a doctor for two years.他已经当了两年的医生了。二、现在完成时的构成肯定句:主语 + have / has + 过去分词 + 其他.否定句:主语 + haven't / hasn't + 过去分词 + 其他.一般疑问句:Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?肯定答语:Yes, 主语 + have / has.否定答语:No, 主语 + haven't / hasn't.我已经打扫过房间了。 I have cleaned the room .我还没有打扫房间。 I haven't cleaned the room .你打扫房间了吗 Have you cleaned the room Yes, I have. (肯定回答)No, I haven't.三、过去分词的变化规则1. 直接在词尾加 edwork - worked ; open - opened2. 以不发音 e 结尾的词直接加 dlive - lived ; skate - skated3. 以"元音字母 + y"结尾的词一般直接加 edplay - played ; stay - stayed4. 以"辅音字母 + y"结尾的词,变 y 为 i,再加 edstudy - studied ; hurry - hurried5. 以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,要双写这个辅音字母,再加 edstop - stopped ; plan - planned ; prefer - preferred四、have been to 与 have gone to 两点易错的用法1. have been to可以与表次数的once, twice, three times等连用注意此时不能用have gone to。She has been to Europe twice.她去过两次欧洲。2. have gone to有时可与一段时间连用,表示已去了某地,并要在某地待一段时间。He has gone to London for two weeks.他已去伦敦两周了。五、现在完成时中常用副词辨析already:已经,强调某事已经发生, 肯定句I have already done my homework. 我已经做完了作业。ever :曾经,强调“在过去的任何时间” 疑问句Have you ever watched this film 你看过这部电影吗?for :表示一段时间,其后接一段时间Have you known Sandy for a long time 你认识桑迪很长时间 了吗?just :刚刚,强调某事是最近发生的,肯定句I have just seen Daniel. 我刚才看见丹尼尔了。never: 从不,强调“过去从来没有” 否定句I have never read this story. 我从来没读过这个故事。since: 自……以来,表示"从过去某个时间开始一直延续到现在" 肯定句/否定句yet :还(没有),谈论尚未发生但可能发生的事, 否定句和疑问句I have not heard from her yet. 我还没有得到她的消息。recently :最近,强调“不久以前”语法精练一、单项选择( )1. —____ you ever ____ to an amusement park —Yes, I have. I ____ to Happy Valley last year.A. Have; been; went B. Have; gone; wentC. Did; go; have gone D. Did; went; have been( )2. My father ____ Shanghai on business. He ____ there twice.A. has been to; has gone to B. has gone to; has beenC. has been in; has been to D. has gone; has been to( )3. —Where is your brother —He ____ to the library. He ____ for about two hours.A. has gone; has left B. has gone; has been awayC. has been; has left D. has been; has been away( )4. The Greens ____ China for five years.A. has been in B. have been inC. went to D. has gone to( )5. So far, I ____ a lot about Chinese culture.A.learned B. learn C. will learn D. have learned( )6. —Why are you worried —I’m expecting a call from my daughter. She ______ New for three days.A.has gone to B. has been to C. has been in D. has come in( )7.I ______ many new friends since I came here.A.make B.made C.will make D.have made( )8.He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he A.already B.never C. ever D. still二、用所给单词的适当形式填空1. I ____ (see) the film Titanic twice. It's really moving.2. —____ your father ____ (come) back from work yet —Yes, he has. He ____ (come) back half an hour ago.3. Miss Green isn't in the office. She ____ (go) to the library.4. They ____ (live) here since they got married.5. So far, we ____ (plant) hundreds of trees around the lake.三、按要求完成句子1. I have already finished my homework.(改为否定句)I ____ ____ my homework ____.2. He has been to the Great Wall.(改为一般疑问句)____ he ____ to the Great Wall 3. They have lived in this city for ten years.(对划线部分提问)____ ____ ____ they ____ in this city 4. The old man died two years ago.(改为同义句)The old man ____ ____ ____ for two years.5. Tom has gone to the USA.(对划线部分提问)____ ____ Tom ____ 四、短文填空用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使短文完整、通顺。already, yet, see, be, go, take, visit, do, have, learnDear Lucy,I'm in Beijing now. I 1. ____ here for three days. Beijing is a beautiful city. I 2. ____ many interesting places, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Palace Museum. I 3. ____ the Great Wall twice. It's really amazing. I also 4. ____ some shopping and 5. ____ a lot of delicious food.I 6. ____ some Chinese, but I can't speak it well 7. ____. I 8. ____ many photos and I will show them to you when I come back.I 9. ____ to the Bird's Nest. It's a wonderful place. I 10. ____ a great time here. I hope you can come to China one day.Love,Lily五、翻译句子1. 到目前为止,我们已经学了大约两千个英语单词。_______________________________________________2. 你曾经去过上海迪士尼乐园吗?_______________________________________________3. 他的父母去香港出差了,他们已经在那里待了两天了。_______________________________________________4. 自从去年以来,我就没见过他。_______________________________________________5. 我的姐姐已经去图书馆半个小时了。_______________________________________________一、单项选择1. 答案:A解析:ever是现在完成时标志词,“Have you ever been to... ”询问“你曾去过某地吗”;“have been to”表示去过已回,“have gone to”表示去了未回 。答语中“last year”是一般过去时标志,用动词过去式went 。2. 答案:B解析:“has gone to”表示去了某地未回,爸爸去上海出差,人不在这;“has been to”表示去过某地,“there”是地点副词,省略“to”,即“has been there”表示去过那里。3. 答案:B解析:问哥哥在哪,“has gone to”表示去了图书馆未回;“for about two hours”是一段时间,leave是短暂性动词,要变成延续性的“has been away”表示离开的状态持续两小时。4. 答案:B解析:“The Greens”指格林一家人,是复数概念,“for five years”表示一段时间,用现在完成时“have been in”表示在某地待了多久 。5. 答案:D解析:“So far”是现在完成时标志词,结构是“have/has+过去分词” ,主语“I”用“have”,“learn”的过去分词是“learned”。6. 答案:C解析:“for three days”表示一段时间,“has gone to”和“has come in”是短暂性动作,不能与时间段连用;“has been to”表示去过已回,不符合;“has been in”表示在某地待了多久,女儿在纽约待了三天,选C。7. 答案:D解析:“since I came here”表示从过去到现在的一段时间,是现在完成时标志,“make”的过去分词是“made”,主语“I”用“have made”。8. 答案:B解析:反意疑问句中,前肯后否,前否后肯。此句后半部分是肯定,前半部分要用否定,“never”表示否定“从未” ,“already”“ever”“still”无否定含义。二、用所给单词的适当形式填空1. 答案:have seen解析:“twice”表示次数,是现在完成时标志,“see”的过去分词是“seen”,主语“I”用“have seen”。2. 答案:Has; come; came解析:“yet”是现在完成时标志词,一般疑问句把“has”提前;“half an hour ago”是一般过去时标志,“come”的过去式是“came”。3. 答案:has gone解析:格林小姐不在办公室,说明去了图书馆还没回来,用“has gone to”。4. 答案:have lived解析:“since they got married”表示从过去持续到现在,是现在完成时标志,主语“They”用“have lived”。5. 答案:have planted解析:“So far”是现在完成时标志,“plant”的过去分词是“planted”,主语“we”用“have planted”。三、按要求完成句子1. 答案:haven't finished; yet解析:现在完成时否定句在“have”后加“not”,可缩写为“haven't”;“already”用于肯定句,否定句用“yet”且放句末。2. 答案:Has; been解析:现在完成时一般疑问句把“has”提到主语前。3. 答案:How long have; lived解析:对“for ten years”(一段时间)提问用“How long”,后面接现在完成时的一般疑问句语序,把“have”提前。4. 答案:has been dead解析:“died”是短暂性动词,不能与“for two years”连用,要变成延续性的“be dead”,主语是第三人称单数,用“has been dead”。5. 答案:Where has; gone解析:对地点提问用“Where”,后面接现在完成时的一般疑问句语序,把“has”提前。四、短文填空1. 答案:have been解析:“for three days”是一段时间,用现在完成时表示在这待了三天,“be here”表示在这儿,主语“I”用“have been”。2. 答案:have visited解析:根据语境,“已经参观了很多有趣的地方”,用现在完成时,“visit”的过去分词是“visited”,主语“I”用“have visited”。3. 答案:have seen解析:“twice”是现在完成时标志,“see”的过去分词是“seen”,表示看过长城两次,主语“I”用“have seen”。4. 答案:have done解析:“do some shopping”表示购物,用现在完成时,“do”的过去分词是“done”,主语“I”用“have done”。5. 答案:have had解析:“吃了很多美味食物”,“have”表示吃,过去分词是“had”,用现在完成时,主语“I”用“have had”。6. 答案:have learned解析:“已经学了一些中文”,用现在完成时,“learn”的过去分词是“learned”,主语“I”用“have learned”。7. 答案:yet解析:否定句中表示“还(没)”用“yet”。8. 答案:have taken解析:“拍了很多照片”,“take photos”表示拍照,“take”的过去分词是“taken”,用现在完成时,主语“I”用“have taken”。9. 答案:have been解析:“去过鸟巢”,用现在完成时,“have been to”表示去过,主语“I”用“have been” ,“to”后的“the Bird's Nest”是地点。10. 答案:have had解析:“have a great time”表示玩得开心,用现在完成时,“have”的过去分词是“had”,主语“I”用“have had”。五、翻译句子1. 答案:So far, we have learned about two thousand English words.解析:“so far”是现在完成时标志词,“learn”的现在完成时结构是“have learned”,“about”表示大约 。2. 答案:Have you ever been to Shanghai Disneyland 解析:“ever”用于现在完成时的疑问句表示曾经,“have been to”表示去过某地,“Shanghai Disneyland”是上海迪士尼乐园。3. 答案:His parents have gone to Hong Kong on business. They have been there for two days.解析:“去了某地”用“have gone to”,“on business”表示出差;“在某地待了两天”用“have been in”,“there”是地点副词,省略“in”,即“have been there for two days”。4. 答案:I haven't seen him since last year.解析:“since last year”表示从去年以来,是现在完成时标志,否定句在“have”后加“not”,“see”的过去分词是“seen”。5. 答案:My sister has been in the library for half an hour.解析:“在图书馆”用“be in the library”,“for half an hour”表示一段时间,用现在完成时,主语是第三人称单数,用“has been in” 。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 Unit 1 This is me 语法精讲精练(含解析) - 2025-2026学年外研版(2024)八上英语.docx 答案解析.docx