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Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
SectionA(Grammar Focus 3a -3c）
人教版 八年级上册
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03
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02
通过完成教材3b、3c练习，让学生能准确运用最高级形式进行词汇变形、语篇补全；借助朗读、仿写等活动，熟练在句子和语篇中使用最高级描述事物特征，提升语法运用的准确性与语言表达流畅性。
学习能力
鼓励学生结合生活场景（如校园、兴趣爱好等 ），创意运用最高级进行个性化表达；推动跨学科关联，结合科学等学科知识，用最高级描述相关事物特性，拓展语法应用广度与知识融合能力。
思维品质
引导与培养学生使用最高级，从而更清楚地表达需求。
文化意识
掌握形容词和副词最高级的构成方式（包括规则变化与不规则变化 ），理解最高级的语义，能识别教材例句里最高级体现的比较逻辑，构建最高级语法知识体系。
语言能力
Learning Objectives
教学重难点
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能够通过表格活动，引导学生掌握最高级的内容；
能够根据学习目标和个人情况，选择适合的学习策略。
如何引导学生观察，培养其独立思考和发散性性思维；
如何引导学生使用最高级，加强语法记忆巩固。
Watch the video
1
Lead-in
Part 1. Question
What does this video talk about
World's Records
Part 2. Think and say
Can you express these world's records in one sentence
●Mount Everest is the highest mountain on Earth, standing at an elevation of 8848.86 meters.
●The Nile River is the longest river in the world, meandering across the deserts of North Africa for 6650 kilometers.
●The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world, covering an area of nearly 9 million square kilometers.
●Blue whales are the largest animals on Earth, reaching lengths of over 30 meters and weighing up to 180 tons, gracefully moving through the deep sea.
●The Mariana Trench is the deepest place in the world's oceans, plunging to a depth of 10994 meters and challenging humanity's exploration of extreme environments.
●The Great Wall is the longest man-made structure in the world, spanning
21196 kilometers and bearing thousands of years of history and culture.
2
Presentation
Part 1. Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
3a
Translate all the sentences.
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
3a
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
3a
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
形容词
形容词
副词
形容词
形容词
形容词
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
双音节heavy最高级
双音节useful的最高级
单音节large最高级
单音节big最高级
单音节fast最高级
三音节interest的最高级
不规则变化呢？
Let’s learn.
三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时用最高级
形容词和副词的最高级的构成
(1) 规则变化
构成方法 原级 比较级
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，最高级词尾加-est tall; short; fast tallest；shortest；fastest
以字母e结尾的词，最高级词尾加-st large; late largest；latest
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，然后最高级词尾加-est big; fat; thin biggest；fattest；thinnest
以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的双音节词，先把y改为i，然后最高级词尾加-est easy; heavy; early easiest；heaviest；earliest
多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加most构成最高级 beautiful; popular most beautiful；most popular
(2) 不规则变化
原级 比较级 例句
good(形容词) / well(副词) best She is the best student in the class.
He plays the piano best among us.
bad(形容词) / badly(副词) worst This is the worst movie I've ever seen.
She performed worst in the competition.
many(形容词) / much(副词) most This is the most interesting book I've read.
She works most efficiently in the team.
little(形容词/副词 ) least He has the least experience in this field.
She speaks English the least fluently among us.
far(形容词/副词 ) farthest (具体距离的远近) The moon is the farthest celestial body we can see.
He threw the ball farthest in the competition.
furthest (抽象意义的深远) This theory goes to the furthest extent of human imagination.
She has thought furthest about the future of AI.
2
Presentation
Part 4. Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
3a
Pay attention to the red words
最高级有范围？
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
Yes！
in
+ 范围
This is the biggest city in China.
He was the youngest player in the team.
表示 “在…… 范围内”，后接大范围（如地点、组织、时间阶段等）。
of + 具体成员/同类事物
She is the most talented of all the students.
This apple is the sweetest of the five.
形容词和副词的最高级的范围
表示 “在…… 中”，后接具体的人或事物（复数名词 / 集合名词），强调从同类中选出 “最……” 的个体。
among + 同类群体
He is the richest man among the billionaires.
Which is the smallest among these birds
强调 “在…… 群体中”，后接复数名词或代词，可与 of 互换，但 among 更侧重 “在多者之间” 的分布感。
out of
+ 明确范围
She scored the highest marks out of all candidates.
This song is my favorite out of his new album.
表示 “从…… 中”，后接明确的复数名词或代词，常用于强调 “从某一特定范围中选出”。
Let’s learn.
形容词的最高级前面要加定冠词the，
副词最高级前面的the可以省略
Simon is the tallest among the boys.
Let’s learn.
形容词的最高级前面要加定冠词the，
副词最高级前面的the可以省略
David runs (the) fastest among the boys.
Let’s review.
farther
better
older
worse
more
less
old
far
good / well
many/much
little
bad / badly
请将下列词的比较级与它的原级连线
Let’s learn.
one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数” 表示“最……的……之一”
Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers in China.
最高级常用句型
Let’s learn.
比较级表示最高级
You play the Chinese flute better than anyone else in our music club.
You play the Chinese flute (the) best in our music club.
Let’s fill in the blanks.
原级 比较级 最高级
happy happier
good / well best
ugly uglier
little least
shy shyer
bad / badly worse
stupid most stupid
happiest
better
ugliest
less
shyest
worst
more stupid
Complete the sentences with the superlative forms of the words in brackets.
3b
1. Among all animals, I love pandas the best. I think they are _________ (cute) animals in the world.
2. Which do you think is _______________ (beautiful),
the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower
3. Look at that butterfly! It has ________________ (colourful) wings.
4. Which animal jumps ____________ (high), the lion,
the monkey, or the tree frog
5. The elephant birds were _________ (large) and _________ (heavy) birds ever on earth. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg.
the cutest
the most beautiful
the most colourful
(the) highest
the largest
heaviest
Complete the passage with the superlative forms of the words in the box.
3c
ancient beautiful common good popular
The ginkgo tree is one of ______________ living trees on earth. Ginkgo trees
first appeared over 200 million years ago. Chinese people love the ginkgo, as
it is a symbol of hope and long life. Many Chinese believe that the old ginkgo
tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is _______________ . This
tree is over 1,400 years old. Thousands of tourists come to see it each year,
especially in mid-October, as it is _________ time to see it. The ginkgo tree is one of _______________ trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China. When autumn comes, one of ______________ activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart.
the most ancient
the most beautiful
the best
the most common
the most popular
1
—What do you think of the store, Harry
—It has ________ service, so few people go there to buy things.
A. worst B. the worst C. best D. the best
Jack behaved ________ among all the athletes during the sports meeting.
A. most wonderfully B. most wonderful C. wonderfully D. more wonderfully
2
—Which is the ________ river in the world
—The Nile. It’s a little ________ than the Yangtze River.
A. longer; longer B. longest; longest
C. longer; longest D. longest; longer
3
Exercise
1. They found that the monkey was ____________ (clever) of all the animals.
2. Thomas Edison was one of the greatest __________ in the world. (science)
3. —How much does the fish ________ (weight)
—It’s about 5 kg.
4. Last but not ______ (little), do try to get some exercise,
5. The lake near my home is the _____ (good) place to go fishing.
6. Zhang Shun was the ______ (old) runner to finish the 2022 Beijing Marathon.
7. Timmy is a boy full of energy. He likes playing football the ______ (much) when he is free.
语法填空。
the cleverest
scientists
weigh
least
best
oldest
most
What are the benefits of using superlative degrees in daily life
It helps us describe differences more clearly, like "My schoolbag is the heaviest in the class."
Summary
New words
land; African; rose; peony; lotus; butterfly; wing; frog; weigh; kg; ginkgo; province; take a walk
the superlatives
Grammar
(1) 形容词和副词一般具有最高级结构
(2) 最高级的构成：①单音节、双音节、多音节；②规则变化和不规则变化
(3) 最高级的范围：①in+范围；②of+具体成员/同类事物；③among + 同类群体；
④out of + 明确范围；⑤ 定语从句与状语从句
(4) one of 结构
(5) 比较级表达最高级
Summary
New words
Sentences
folding; bamboo; yeah; popular; goodness; tool; actually; shoot; appear
It’s a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture.
Well, bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants.
People can use it to build houses and make tools and instruments.
能够运用最高级句式谈论有关竹子的内容
Functions
Expressions
folding fan; feel free (to do sth)
Homework
Summarize the rules and usage of the superlatives.
It will be checked in the next class.
基础性作业：完成练习册，总结最高级的用法。
进阶性作业：使用以下表格在班里做一个小调查。
拓展性作业：以“My Favorite Season”为题，用形容词最高级描述你最喜欢的季节（要求：字数不少于80词；至少使用5个形容词最高级）。
Name
Reflecting
How well can you do these things Very well OK Needs work
1.我能够掌握本节课上形容词和副词最高级的构成方式（包括规则变化与不规则变化 ） □ □ □
2.我能够运用最高级句式描述竹子的流畅性与准确性； □ □ □
3.在调查、写作中运用最高级的流畅性与准确性
4. 参与小组活动的积极性与合作能力 □ □ □
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一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. This building is ___________ (old) building in the town.
2.Last Saturday was my birthday. It was ___________ (happy) day of my life.
3. It’s a very good film. It’s ____________ (good ) film I’ve ever seen.
4. She’s one of __________ (popular) singers in the country.
5. It was __________ (bad) mistake I’ve ever made.I felt very bad.
二、选择题
—What do you think of the store, Harry
—It has ________ service, so few people go there to buy things.
A. worst B. the worst C. best D. the best
2. Jack behaved ________ among all the athletes during the sports meeting.
A. most wonderfully B. most wonderful C. wonderfully D. more wonderfully
3. —Which is the ________ river in the world
—The Nile. It’s a little ________ than the Yangtze River.
A. longer; longer B. longest; longest
C. longer; longest D. longest; longer
4.Thomas Edison was one of the greatest __________ in the world.
A. scientists B. teachers C. scientist D. techere
5. They found that the monkey was ____________ (clever) of all the animals.
A. clever B. cleverer C. the cleverest D. cleverest
三、翻译题
1. 王老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。（one of 结构）
2. 鲨鱼是世界上最古老的动物之一。（among）
3. 她是班上所有学生中最高的女孩。（of+同类事物）
4. Tom 是我们班上最胖的。（in+范围）
参考答案：
一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. the oldest 2. the happiest 3. the best 4. most popular 5. the worst
二、选择题
1-5 ：BADAC
三、翻译题
1. Mr Wang is one of the most popular teachers in our school.
2. Sharks are among the oldest animals in the world.
3.She is the tallest girl of all the students in the class.
4. Tom is the fattest in our class.
/ 让教学更有效 精品试卷 | 英语学科/ 让教学更有效 精品试卷 | 英语学科
一、教学目标
（一）语言能力
掌握形容词和副词最高级的构成规则，包括规则变化（单音节词加 - est、多音节词加 most 等）和不规则变化（good/well→best、bad/badly→worst 等）。
理解最高级的语义及使用范围（in/of/among/out of + 范围），能识别并运用 “one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”“比较级表最高级” 等常用句型。
掌握新单词（land 陆地；African 非洲的；ginkgo 银杏；province 省等），能在句子和语篇中准确运用最高级描述事物特征。
（二）文化意识
通过用最高级描述世界之最（如长城、撒哈拉沙漠）和中国特色事物（如陕西终南山古银杏树），增强对中外文化的认知，培养文化表达意识。
（三）思维品质
通过分析教材例句、归纳语法规则，锻炼逻辑归纳思维；通过完成 3b、3c 练习，提升语法运用的准确性与灵活性。
结合生活场景（班级调查、描述季节）创意运用最高级，培养发散思维与跨学科知识融合能力（如结合地理知识描述世界之最）。
（四）学习能力
学会自主归纳最高级语法规则，能借助练习巩固知识，提升自主学习与语法应用能力。
通过小组讨论、调查活动，提高合作学习与语言实践能力，能将语法知识转化为实际语言表达。
二、教学重难点
（一）教学重点
掌握形容词和副词最高级的构成（规则与不规则变化）。
理解并运用最高级的使用范围（in/of/among/out of + 范围）及常用句型（one of 结构、比较级表最高级）。
能在句子和语篇（如 3c 短文）中准确运用最高级完成填空、写作等任务。
（二）教学难点
区分最高级不同范围介词（in/of/among/out of）的用法，避免混淆。
灵活运用 “比较级表最高级”（如 “You play the flute better than anyone else.”=“You play the flute best.”）等特殊结构。
在真实语境（如班级调查、季节描述）中自然、流畅地运用最高级进行表达。
三、教学方法
归纳法：通过分析教材 3a 例句，引导学生自主归纳最高级的构成规则与使用范围，培养语法思维。
任务型教学法：设计 3b 填空、3c 语篇补全、班级调查等任务，让学生在完成任务的过程中巩固语法知识。
情境教学法：结合世界之最视频、生活场景（描述季节、班级同学特征），创设真实语言情境，激发学习兴趣。
练习法：通过单选、语法填空等多样化练习，强化最高级的准确运用，及时查漏补缺。
四、教学过程
（一）导入（Lead-in，5 分钟）
视频导入：播放介绍 “世界之最” 的短视频（含珠穆朗玛峰、尼罗河、撒哈拉沙漠、蓝鲸、长城等），播放后提问：“What does this video talk about Can you name one world record in the video ”，引导学生用简单句子描述（如 “The Great Wall is long.”），自然引出 “最高级” 话题。
句子升级：将学生的简单描述升级为最高级句子（如 “The Great Wall is the longest man-made structure in the world.”），让学生初步感知最高级的语义与结构，激发学习语法的兴趣。
（二）语法呈现（Presentation，12 分钟）
分析例句（3a）：展示 3a 中的 5 个例句，让学生朗读并观察加粗部分（largest/heaviest/biggest/fastest/most useful/most interesting），思考问题：
加粗词是形容词还是副词？（如 largest 是形容词，fastest 是副词）
它们的构成有什么规律？（引导学生发现单音节词加 - est、多音节词加 most）
句子中是否有表示范围的词？（如 in the world/among all land animals）
学生小组讨论后分享结论，教师补充讲解，初步梳理最高级的构成与范围。
系统讲解规则：
构成规则：通过表格呈现规则变化（单音节词、多音节词、“辅音 + y” 结尾词等）和不规则变化（good→best、bad→worst 等），结合例句（如 “big→biggest”“beautiful→most beautiful”“well→best”）帮助学生理解，教师领读，学生跟读记忆。
范围表达：讲解 in/of/among/out of 的用法，结合例句对比：
in + 大范围（This is the biggest city in China.）
of + 具体成员（She is the tallest of the three girls.）
among + 同类群体（He is the most popular among his classmates.）
out of + 明确范围（This is the best book out of the five.）
常用句型：讲解 “one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”（如 “Bamboo is one of the most useful plants.”）和 “比较级表最高级”（如 “He runs faster than anyone else.”=“He runs the fastest.”），通过例句仿写巩固。
（三）语法练习（Practice，15 分钟）
基础练习（3b）：让学生独立完成 3b 填空任务，用括号内单词的最高级形式补全句子：
Among all animals, I love pandas the best. I think they are _________ (cute) animals in the world.（the cutest）
Which do you think is _______________ (beautiful), the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower （the most beautiful）
完成后集体核对答案，讲解易错点（如多音节词加 most、不规则变化），确保学生掌握基础用法。
语篇练习（3c）：发放 3c 短文材料（关于银杏树），让学生用方框内单词（ancient/beautiful/common/good/popular）的最高级形式补全语篇。学生独立完成后，小组内互相检查，教师选取 1-2 名学生朗读完整短文，点评语法准确性与语篇连贯性。
综合练习：
单选：呈现 3 道典型单选题（如考查最高级范围、不规则变化），让学生快速作答并讲解思路：
—What do you think of the store —It has ________ service, so few people go there.（B. the worst）
Jack behaved ________ among all athletes.（A. most wonderfully）
语法填空：呈现 7 道语法填空题（如考查最高级变形、词性转换），学生独立完成后核对答案，重点讲解 “one of + 名词复数”（如 “one of the greatest scientists”）、不规则变化（如 “little→least”）。
（四）拓展应用（Application，8 分钟）
班级调查活动：让学生以小组为单位，用最高级设计简单调查（如 “Who is the tallest in our group ”“Whose home is the closest to school ”），小组内采访并记录结果，随后各小组派代表分享调查结论（如 “In our group, Li Ming is the tallest.”），将语法知识与生活实际结合。
写作引导：围绕 “My Favorite Season” 主题，引导学生思考如何用最高级描述季节特征（如 “Summer is the hottest season, but it’s the most interesting because we can go swimming.”），要求至少使用 5 个最高级，为课后写作作业铺垫思路。
（五）总结与作业（Summary & Homework，5 分钟）
总结回顾：与学生一起梳理本节课重点：
最高级构成：规则变化（单音节词加 - est、多音节词加 most 等）、不规则变化（good→best 等）。
范围表达：in/of/among/out of 的用法。
常用句型：one of 结构、比较级表最高级。
强调最高级在生活中的作用（如清晰描述差异、表达偏好）。
作业布置：
基础作业：完成练习册中最高级相关习题，总结最高级用法（写在笔记本上，下次课检查）。
进阶作业：完成班级调查表格，补充更多调查问题（如 “Who likes reading best ”），下节课分享。
拓展作业：以 “My Favorite Season” 为题，写一篇不少于 80 词的短文，至少使用 5 个形容词最高级。
五、教学反思
课后通过以下表格反思教学效果，优化后续教学：
评价内容 完成情况（Very well/OK/Needs work） 改进方向
学生对最高级构成规则（规则与不规则变化）的掌握程度 若学生对不规则变化记忆不牢，可制作口诀或卡片辅助记忆（如 “好的 better 最好 best，坏的 worse 最坏 worst”）
学生对最高级范围介词（in/of/among/out of）的区分能力 下次课可设计对比练习，强化不同介词的用法差异
学生在调查、写作中运用最高级的流畅性与准确性 增加课堂口语表达机会，如 “描述身边的事物”，及时纠正表达错误
学生参与小组活动的积极性与合作能力 优化分组方式，确保每位学生都能参与，对积极参与的学生给予更多鼓励
/ 让教学更有效 精品试卷 | 英语学科

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