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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元复习考点培优沪教版
（五四学制）（2024）Unit 1 Water
专题07 选词填空
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
将方框中所给词/词组的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。
improve separate important environment encourage
In recent years, many schools in Zhejiang have started garbage classification (垃圾分类) activities. This project is 1 for protecting the 2 . Our school also joined in this action last month.
At the beginning, teachers gave us lessons on how to 3 different kinds of garbage—like putting plastic bottles into recyclable bins and food waste into wet waste bins. They also 4 us to make posters to spread the idea of garbage classification among our families and neighbors.
Now, almost every student in our school can sort garbage correctly. This not only helps reduce pollution, but also teaches us to develop good habits. We believe that with everyone’s effort, we can 5 our living environment and make our city cleaner and more beautiful.
将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。
A．sources B．containers C． pour D．available E. bathe
Water is a precious resource that is vital for our survival. Unfortunately, many areas around the globe are struggling with water-related issues.
In rural villages, people often have to walk miles to reach the nearest water 6 . They carry traditional water 7 like large jars on their heads. Once they bring the water back, they usually 8 it into different vessels for various uses. Some of the water is set aside for cooking, while a small portion might be used to 9 themselves.
将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。
A．desert B．indirectly C． factories D．research E. precious
Water is a vital resource for all living things. However, in modern society, many 10 produce a large amount of wastewater. If not properly dealt with, it will cause serious water pollution. Scientists are conducting a lot of 11 to find more effective ways to purify water. Clean water is 12 to us, just like air. Some human activities affect water resources 13 . For example, deforestation can change the water cycle and reduce water availability.
Complete the following passage with the proper words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once. (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每个单词或词组只能填一次)
A．repeated B．watershed C． breathe in D．taken in E. atmosphere F. fill up
The journey from stream to ocean begins in our backyards and farms. Precipitation comes down, exactly, everywhere—in different forms. It may rain, hail, or snow. Whatever the form is, once it reaches the ground some water is 14 by trees and other plants.
Some water enters the groundwater supply by infiltration. Most water runs off the surface, down a hill and finally into a river. Ditches and small streams may be dry when it does not rain. They can quickly 15 with water when it rains.
Once the water finds its way into a stream or ditch, where does it go If you have ever studied a map in detail, you will notice how rivers and streams form a network of waterways across the countryside.
Little streams come together to form small rivers, which then join together and become medium-sized rivers. All these rivers may be branches of a large river, such as the Mississippi. Together, the network of rivers and streams forms a watershed, which drains the land of excess water.
This type of pattern is 16 in many places in nature. In the human circulatory system, for example, in human lungs, when you breathe out, your lungs behave just like a 17 . The air in your lungs (which is like the water in a watershed) starts in the smallest vessels (which are like small streams), passing into larger vessels (that are like medium rivers) and finally into one large central air passage (which is like a large river). In the end, all the air in the lungs (which are like a large watershed) passes through this one large air passage, out your mouth, and to the 18 beyond, just as water in a watershed flows out the mouth of a large river and into the ocean! (Of course, rivers don’t 19 !)
将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。
A．precious B．shortage C． polluted D．cycle E. protect F. waste
Water is extremely 20 . It is the source of life and crucial for all living things. However, we are facing serious water-related problems.
In some regions, there is a growing water 21 . The increasing population and the 22 of water in daily life make the situation worse. People often leave the tap running while brushing teeth or washing dishes, which is a big waste.
Moreover, a large amount of water has been 23 . Industrial waste and chemical substances are poured into rivers and lakes, making the water unfit for drinking and other uses.
We must take action to 24 water. Everyone should be aware of the importance of water and stop wasting it. Understanding the water can also help us use water more effectively. For example, we can collect rainwater for watering plants.
将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。
A．useful B．raise C． spread D．treatment E. awareness
We should also prevent the spread of water-related diseases by ensuring clean water. The 25 of polluted water is very important. Advanced treatment methods can remove harmful substances and make water 26 again. Moreover, we need to 27 the public 28 of water conservation. Everyone should take action to protect our water resources.
将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。
A．source B．supply C． wastewater D．energy E. waste
In urban areas, although water seems more available, wastage is a big problem. Every time we leave the tap running while brushing our teeth or washing our hands, we are contributing to the 29 of this valuable resource. Moreover, the increasing population and booming industries are putting more pressure on water 30 .
Also, water recycling technologies are being developed to make 31 reusable. We should also do our part by being more conscious of our water usage and spreading awareness among our communities. By working together, we can ensure a continuous 32 of clean water for future generations.
Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once. (将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)。
A．sources B．containers C． pour D．available E. bathe
Water is a precious resource that is vital for our survival. Unfortunately, many areas around the globe are struggling with water-related issues.
In rural villages, people often have to walk miles to reach the nearest water 33 . They carry traditional water 34 like large jars on their heads. Once they bring the water back, they usually 35 it into different vessels for various uses. Some of the water is set aside for cooking, while a small portion might be used to 36 themselves.
A．source B．supply C． wastewater D．energy E. waste
In urban areas, although water seems more available, wastage is a big problem. Every time we leave the tap running while brushing our teeth or washing our hands, we are contributing to the 37 of this valuable resource. Moreover, the increasing population and booming industries are putting more pressure on water 38 . Also, water recycling technologies are being developed to make 39 reusable. We should also do our part by being more conscious of our water usage and spreading awareness among our communities. By working together, we can ensure a continuous 40 of clean water for future generations.
从方框中选择单词，用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺。
water, exist, cover, importance, use, protect, cycle, pollution, save, human
Water is very 41 to all living things. Without water, there would be no life on Earth. It 42 in three states: solid, liquid and gas. Most of the earth’s surface is 43 by water, but most of it is saltwater in the oceans. Only a small part is freshwater that 44 can use.
Water is 45 in many ways. We use it to drink, cook, clean and irrigate crops. The water 46 is a very important natural process. It helps to distribute water around the Earth.
However, water 47 is a big problem. Factories and farms often dump waste into rivers and lakes, making the water dirty. We must 48 water resources. We can 49 water by fixing leaky faucets, taking shorter showers and recycling water. Let’s all work together to save 50 and protect our planet.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。（每空限填一词，每词限用一次。）
as running interest flower use
March 22nd is World Water Day. Are you 51 in ways to save water at home Do you know how to save water at home You can do the following things. There’s no need to keep the water 52 while you’re brushing your teeth. And you’ll save a lot of water if you spend less time in the shower. A bowl with just enough water is a good way to wash your fruit or vegetables. Then use what’s left to water the 53 . While you are waiting for the shower water to warm up, put a bucket (桶) under it. The collected water can be used to sweep the floor. All of the above ways are all 54 for saving water.
As long 55 we all take action, we can save more water and make a difference in the world. Don’t forget to share these ways of saving water with your family and friends.
One day at Bluesea Middle School in Hong Kong, about 450 students and teachers went without water at lunchtime. They were in a meeting to learn about saving water. The school also collected about HK $ 10,000. The money would be 56 to plant 1,880 trees at the heads of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River.
The local director of “Friends of the Earth’’，Ms Wong, explained that 57 of the world's population still didn't have enough water for all their 58 . She thought that by the year 2020, one half of the world’s population would not have enough water. Ms Wong said she had visited the heads of the two rivers three times in the past year. “I had expected them to be clean places, as they are at the top of the rivers. 59 ， sadly I found that they were polluted seriously, even worse than a few years ago. “
Ms Wong said that if everyone helped save water, the situation would get a little 60 She hoped that everyone could do something for saving. One of the students said, “I’m pleased to come to the meeting. Now I can remember how a third of the population lives. I think I'll try and 61 some of my habits. Let’s save water together. ’’
阅读短文， 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空， 使短文完整、正确。（每词限用一次）
way; child; area; water; avoid; nearly; within; run; if; necessary
Water resources (资源) are important in our life. Nobody can live without water. In the world there are some 62 which are short of water. Everyone should know how to save water. If you don’t know what to do, here are some easy 63 for you.
Make your shower time short. Don’t spend too much time taking a shower. It’s best to finish your shower 64 five minutes.
For parents, it’s a good idea to 65 buying water toys for your child. A lot of 66 love to play with water toys. As a parent, you should try not to choose the water toys which need much water.
Turn off the water tap while you are washing your hands. It’s said that a lot of people wash hands 67 nine times every day. Don’t keep the water 68 while you are using the soap to wash hands.
Learn to reuse water. For example, after washing vegetables in the kitchen, you can take the water to the garden. Then you can use it 69 flowers.
It’s not 70 to take a shower every day. Some people take a shower two or three times a day. In fact, you can take a shower every two days. Of course, 71 the weather is very hot and you always sweat (出汗), you can take a shower every day.
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．important 2．environment 3．separate 4．encouraged 5．improve
【导语】本文主要讲述了浙江许多学校开展垃圾分类活动，以及作者学校参与该活动的情况和取得的成效。
1．句意：这个项目对保护环境很重要。根据“This project is...for protecting the...”及备选词可知，be important for...表示“对……重要”，是常用搭配，此处是体现项目对环保的重要性。故填important。
2．句意：这个项目对保护环境很重要。根据“This project is...for protecting the...”及备选词可知，protect the environment表示“保护环境”，符合垃圾分类守护环境的语境。故填environment。
3．句意：起初，老师给我们上了课，教我们如何区分不同种类的垃圾 —— 比如把塑料瓶放进可回收垃圾桶，把食物垃圾放进湿垃圾桶。根据“At the beginning, teachers gave us lessons on how to...different kinds of garbage—like putting plastic bottles into recyclable bins and food waste into wet waste bins.”备选词可知，how to do sth.表示“如何做某事”，后接动词原形，separate意为“分开、分离”，符合语境。故填separate。
4．句意：他们还鼓励我们制作海报，在家人和邻居中传播垃圾分类的理念。根据“They also...us to make posters to spread the idea of garbage classification among our families and neighbors.”及备选词可知，encourage sb. to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”，本句时态为一般过去时，encourage用动词过去式。故填encouraged。
5．句意：我们相信，通过每个人的努力，我们可以改善我们的生活环境，让我们的城市更干净、更美丽。根据“We believe that with everyone’s effort, we can...our living environment and make our city cleaner and more beautiful.”及备选词可知，can是情态动词，后接动词原形，improve“改善、提高”，符合语境。故填improve。
6．A 7．B 8．C 9．E
【导语】本文主要讲述了全球许多地区面临与水相关的问题，以农村地区为例，介绍了人们获取、运输、分配和使用水资源的情况。
6．句意：在农村，人们常常不得不步行数英里去到达最近的水源。根据“Once they bring the water back ...”和备选词可知，此处应指人们到达最近的水源取水，sources“来源”最符合语境。故选A。
7．句意：他们把像大罐子之类的传统水容器顶在头上。根据“like large jars”和备选词可知，大罐子属于容器，此处应指传统水容器，containers“容器”最符合语境。故选B。
8．句意：一旦他们把水带回来，他们通常会把水倒入不同的容器，用于各种用途。根据“into different vessels”和备选词可知，此处应指把水倒入不同的容器，pour“倒”最符合语境。故选C。
9．句意：一些水被留出来做饭，而一小部分可能被用来洗澡。根据“might be used to ... themselves”和备选词可知，此处应指一小部分水可能被用来洗澡，bathe“洗澡”最符合语境。故选E。
10．C 11．D 12．E 13．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了水对所有生物来说都是一种至关重要的资源，然而现代社会中，许多工厂产生大量废水，若不妥善处理会导致严重水污染，科学家开展大量研究寻找更有效的净化水方法，同时一些人类活动间接影响水资源，如砍伐森林会改变水循环并减少可用水量。
10．句意：然而，在现代社会中，许多工厂产生大量的废水。根据“produce a large amount of wastewater”及所给单词可知，此处是指工厂产生废水，factories“工厂”，符合语境。故填C。
11．句意：科学家们正在进行大量的研究，以找到更有效的净化水的方法。根据“to find more effective ways to purify water”及所给单词可知，此处是指进行大量的研究，research“研究”，符合语境。故填D。
12．句意：干净的水对我们来说就像空气一样珍贵。根据“Clean water is...to us, just like air.”及所给单词可知，此处是指干净的水对我们来说很珍贵，precious“珍贵的”，符合语境。故填E。
13．句意：一些人类活动间接影响水资源。根据“For example, deforestation can change the water cycle and reduce water availability.”及所给单词可知，此处是指人类活动间接影响水资源，indirectly“间接地”，符合语境。故填B。
14．D 15．F 16．A 17．B 18．E 19．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了水从溪流到海洋的旅程，包括水被植物吸收、进入地下水、形成河流网络以及汇入海洋的过程，同时类比了人体循环系统和呼吸系统中的类似模式。
14．句意：无论以何种形式，一旦到达地面，一些水就会被树木和其他植物吸收。根据“by trees and other plants”可知，此处指水被树木和其他植物吸收，备选词中“D. taken in”表示“吸收”，符合语境。故填D。
15．句意：不下雨时，沟渠和小溪可能会干涸。下雨时，它们能很快地充满水。根据“They can quickly...with water when it rains.”可知，此处指下雨时，沟渠和小溪能很快充满水，备选词中“F. fill up”表示“充满”，符合语境。故填F。
16．句意：这种模式在自然界中许多地方重复出现。根据“This type of pattern is...in many places in nature.”可知，此处指这种模式在自然界中重复出现，备选词中“A. repeated”表示“重复”，符合语境。故填A。
17．句意：在人类循环系统中，例如，在人类肺部，当你呼气时，你的肺部表现得就像一个分水岭。根据“your lungs behave just like a...”可知，此处指肺部表现得就像一个分水岭，备选词中“B. watershed”表示“分水岭”，符合语境。故填B。
18．句意：最后，肺部的所有空气都通过这个大的中央气道，从你的口中呼出，进入外面的大气，就像分水岭中的水从大河的河口流入海洋一样！根据“passes through this one large air passage, out your mouth, and to the...beyond”可知，此处指空气从口中呼出，进入外面的大气，备选词中“E. atmosphere”表示“大气”，符合语境。故填E。
19．句意：当然，河流不会呼吸！根据“Of course, rivers don’t...”可知，此处指河流不会呼吸，备选词中“C. breathe in”表示“吸入，呼吸”，符合语境。故填C。
20．A 21．B 22．F 23．C 24．E
【导语】本文主要介绍了水的重要性以及当前面临的水资源问题，并呼吁人们采取行动保护水资源。
20．句意：水是极其珍贵的。根据“It is the source of life and crucial for all living things.”可知，水是生命之源，对所有生物都至关重要，由此可推断水很珍贵，选项A“珍贵的”符合。故填A。
21．句意：在一些地区，水资源短缺问题日益严重。根据前文“we are facing serious water-related problems”及后文提到的人口增长、浪费水等加剧问题的因素，可知此处指水资源短缺，选项B“短缺”符合。故填B。
22．句意：人口的增长和日常生活中的水资源浪费使情况更加糟糕。根据后文“People often leave the tap running while brushing teeth or washing dishes, which is a big waste.”可知，此处具体说明加剧水资源问题的因素之一是浪费水，选项F“浪费”符合。故填F。
23．句意：此外，大量的水被污染了。根据后文“Industrial waste and chemical substances are poured into rivers and lakes, making the water unfit for drinking and other uses.”可知，工业废料和化学物质被排入河湖，导致水不适宜饮用和其他用途，这说明水被污染了，选项C“污染”符合。故填C。
24．句意：我们必须采取行动保护水资源。根据后文“Everyone should be aware of the importance of water and stop wasting it.”可知，人们应意识到水的重要性并停止浪费，这是保护水资源的具体做法，由此可推断此处指要采取行动保护水，选项E“保护”。故填E。
25．D 26．A 27．B 28．E
【导语】本文叙述了预防与水相关的疾病和保护水资源的重要性。
25．句意：污染水的处理非常重要。根据下一句“Advanced treatment methods can remove harmful substances and make water...again.”以及备选词可知，应填名词treatment“处理”，作主语，表示污染水的处理非常重要。故选D。
26．句意：先进的处理方法可以去除有害物质，使水再次有用。根据“Advanced treatment methods can remove harmful substances and make water...again.”以及备选词可知，应填形容词useful“有用的”，作宾语补足语，表示使水再次有用。故选A。
27．句意：此外，我们需要提高公众的水保护意识。根据下一句“Everyone should take action to protect our water resources.”以及备选词可知，应填动词raise“提高”，表示提高公众的水保护意识。故选B。
28．句意：此外，我们需要提高公众的水保护意识。根据“the public...of water conservation”以及备选词可知，应填名词awareness“意识”，表示公众的水保护意识。故选E。
29．E 30．B 31．C 32．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了水资源浪费现象、水供应压力，以及应采取的回收利用等措施，以确保为后代持续提供清洁水。
29．句意：每次我们刷牙或洗手时让水龙头一直开着，我们都在造成这种宝贵资源的浪费。根据“wastage is a big problem”，“leave the tap running”和备选词可知，刷牙或洗手时让水龙头一直开着，会造成水资源的浪费，waste“浪费”最符合语境。故选E。
30．句意：此外，不断增长的人口和蓬勃发展的工业给水资源供应带来了更大的压力。根据“the increasing population and booming industries are putting more pressure on ...”和备选词可知，此处应指人口增长和工业发展会对水资源供应产生压力，water supply“水资源供应”，固定搭配，supply“供应”最符合语境。故选B。
31．句意：同时，水回收技术正在发展中，以使废水可再利用。根据“water recycling technologies”和常识可知，水回收技术是为了让废水能够再利用，备选词wastewater“废水”最符合语境。故选C。
32．句意：通过共同努力，我们可以确保为子孙后代提供持续的清洁水源。根据“a continuous ... of clean water for future generations”和备选词可知，此处应指为子孙后代提供持续的清洁水源，a source of“……的来源”，source“来源”最符合语境。故选A。
33．A 34．B 35．C 36．E 37．E 38．B 39．C 40．A
【导语】本文主要讨论了全球面临的用水问题，强调了在农村和城市地区节约用水的重要性，以及采取措施保护珍贵水资源的必要性。
33．句意：在农村，人们往往要步行数英里才能到达最近的水源。根据“In rural villages, people often have to walk miles to reach the nearest water”可知，人们步行数英里到水源地，sources“来源”，符合语境。故选A。
34．句意：他们头上顶着像大罐子一样的传统盛水容器。根据“large jars”可知，罐子是盛水的容器，containers“容器”，符合语境。故选B。
35．句意：一旦他们把水带回来，他们通常会把水倒入不同的容器中，以供不同的用途。根据“into different vessels for various uses”可知，根据水的不同用途，把水倒入不同的容器中，pour“倾倒”，符合语境。故选C。
36．句意：一些水用来做饭，而一小部分水可能用来洗澡。根据“be used to”可知，to后要用动词原形；结合备选词，bathe“洗澡”，符合语境。故选E。
37．句意：每次我们在刷牙或洗手时让水龙头开着，我们都在浪费这种宝贵的资源。根据“Every time we leave the tap running while brushing our teeth or washing our hands”可知，刷牙或洗手时让水龙头开着是在浪费水资源；根据“the...of”可知，此处要填名词；结合备选词，waste符合语境。故选E。
38．句意：此外，不断增长的人口和蓬勃发展的工业给供水带来了更大的压力。根据“the increasing population and booming industries are putting more pressure on water ”可知，日益增长的人口和蓬勃发展的工业给供水带来了更大的压力，supply“供应”，符合语境。故选B。
39．句意：此外，正在开发水循环技术，使废水可重复使用。根据“water recycling technologies are being developed to make ... reusable.”可知，水循环技术使得废水可重复使用，wastewater“废水”，符合语境。故选C。
40．句意：通过共同努力，我们可以确保为子孙后代提供持续的清洁水源。根据“a continuous ... of clean water for future generations”可知，此处指给子孙后代提供持续的清洁水源，a后接名词单数，source符合语境。故选A。
41．important 42．exists 43．covered 44．humans 45．used 46．cycle 47．pollution 48．protect 49．save 50．water
【导语】本文主要讲述了水的重要性、存在形式、分布、用途以及水污染问题，呼吁人们节约和保护水资源。
41．句意：水对所有生物都非常重要。根据“Without water, there would be no life on Earth.”可知，水对生物很重要，is后跟形容词important“重要的”，作表语。故填important。
42．句意：它以三种状态存在：固态、液态和气态。根据“in three states: solid, liquid and gas”可知，是指水以三种状态存在，描述事实，用一般现在时，主语是It，动词用第三人称单数exists“存在”。故填exists。
43．句意：地球表面大部分被水覆盖，但其中大部分是海洋中的咸水。根据“Most of the earth’s surface is ... by water”可知，是指被水覆盖，be covered by“被……覆盖”。故填covered。
44．句意：只有一小部分是可供人类使用的淡水。根据“freshwater that ... can use.”及备选词可知，是指人类使用的淡水，用名词复数humans“人类”。故填humans。
45．句意：水被用于许多方面。根据“We use it to drink, cook, clean and irrigate crops.”可知，水被用于很多方面，use“使用”，与主语Water是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式。故填used。
46．句意：水循环是一个非常重要的自然过程。根据“It helps to distribute water around the Earth.”及备选词可知，此处是指水循环，water cycle“水循环”。故填cycle。
47．句意：然而，水污染是一个大问题。根据“Factories and farms often dump waste into rivers and lakes, making the water dirty.”可知，是关于水污染，water pollution“水污染”，在句中作主语。故填pollution。
48．句意：我们必须保护水资源。根据“water resources”及备选词可知，是指保护水资源，must后跟动词原形protect“保护”。故填protect。
49．句意：我们可以通过修理漏水的水龙头、缩短淋浴时间和循环利用水来节约用水。根据“fixing leaky faucets, taking shorter showers and recycling water”可知，是节约用水，save“节约”，can后跟动词原形。故填save。
50．句意：让我们一起努力节约用水、保护我们的星球。根据前文介绍要保护水资源并节约用水可知，此处是指节约用水，water“水”，不可数名词。故填water。
51．interested 52．running 53．flowers 54．useful 55．as
【导语】本文介绍了世界水日以及节约用水的办法。
51．句意：你对在家节水的方法感兴趣吗？分析句子可知，空白处用形容词；根据所给词可知，此处用interest的形容词interested，考查固定短语be interested in“对……感兴趣”，故填interested。
52．句意：当你刷牙的时候，没有必要让水龙头的水一直流。空白处应填入动词的现在分词形式，keep sth. doing“让某事一直做”。根据备选词可知，此处应填入running。keep the water running意为“让水一直流”。故填running。
53．句意：然后用剩下的水浇花。根据“water the...”可知，此处表示“浇花”，flower可数名词，此处用复数。故填flowers。
54．句意：以上所有方法都对节约用水有用。根据“All of the above ways are all...for saving water.”可知，此处用形容词，根据所给词汇，此处用use的形容词useful“有用的”。故填useful。
55．句意：只要我们采取行动，我们就能节约更多的水，并在世界上产生影响。“As long...we all take action”可知，此处考查固定搭配as long as“只要”。故填as。
56．G. 57．B. 58．F. 59．A. 60．E. 61．D.
【分析】本文是记叙文。短文介绍了香港人为保护水资源和节约用水采取的方法。当地的一所学校的学生筹集了10000港元，用来在长江和黄河源头种植1880棵树，以保护水源。学校的师生希望大家改编过去浪费水资源的坏习惯，行动起来节约用水。
56．G. used (被) 使用 句意：这些钱将被用在长江和黄河源头种植1, 880棵树。be used是被动语态。故填used。
57．B. one third 三分之一 句意：汪老师解释道，世界三分之一的人口没有足够的水来满足他们全部需要。故选B。
58．F. needs 需要 句意：三分之一的人口没有充足的水满足全部需求。故选名词needs。
59．A. However 然而 句意：然而，我很难过地发现这两条和的源头被严重污染，比几年前更加严重。上文我原本预期它们是干净的地方和下文严重污染的事实是转折关系，故选 However。
60．E better 比较好 句意：汪老师说，如果每人都帮助节约用水，形势将会有点改善。a little 修饰形容词比较级。故选E。
61．D. change 改变 句意：我认为我将努力并改变我习惯。连词and前后都是动词原形。故选change。
62．areas 63．ways 64．within 65．avoid 66．children 67．nearly 68．running 69．to water 70．necessary 71．if
【导语】本文主要介绍了几种节约用水的方法。
62．句意：世界上有一些地区缺水。空格处应填一个名词，根据“which are short of water”及备选词汇可知，此处是指有一些地区缺水，area表示“地区”，为可数名词，结合空前“some”可知，此处应用名词复数。故填areas。
63．句意：如果你不知道该怎么做，这里有一些简单的方法。根据前文“If you don’t know what to do”可知，此处是指将介绍一些简单的方法，way表示“方法”，为可数名词，结合空前“some”可知，此处应用名词复数。故填ways。
64．句意：最好在五分钟内洗完澡。根据语境及空后“five minutes”可知，此处应用within表示“在……时间内”。故填within。
65．句意：对于父母来说，最好不要给孩子买水上玩具。根据下文“As a parent, you should try not to choose the water toys which need much water.”可知，此处是指不要买水上玩具，avoid表示“避免”，符合语境，结合空前不定式符号“to”可知，空格处应填动词原形。故填avoid。
66．句意：很多孩子都喜欢玩水上玩具。根据前文“for your child”可知，此处是指孩子喜欢玩水上玩具，child表示“小孩”，为可数名词，结合空前“A lot of”可知，此处应用名词复数。故填children。
67．句意：据说很多人每天洗手近九次。句子结构完整，所以空格处应填一个副词，nearly表示“几乎”，符合语境。故填nearly。
68．句意：当你用肥皂洗手时，不要让水一直流着。根据语境可知，此处是指不要让水一直流着，keep sth. doing表示“让某物一直……”，此处run表示“（液体） 流”。故填running。
69．句意：然后你可以用它来浇花。根据空后“flowers”可知，此处是指给花浇水，water表示“浇水”，分析句子结构可知，空格处应填非谓语动词，且此处表示目的，所以应用动词不定式。故填to water。
70．句意：没有必要每天洗澡。空格处应填一个形容词作表语，根据下文“In fact, you can take a shower every two days.”可知，此处是指没有必要每天洗澡。故填necessary。
71．句意：当然，如果天气很热，你总是出汗，你可以每天洗澡。结合语境可知，此处是在做假设，所以应用if引导条件状语从句。故填if。
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