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What can you do for your home
(Grammar)
Unit 2 Home Sweet Home
人教版（2024） 八年级上册
通过本节课学习，我能够：
1. 进一步掌握表示提出请求与请求许可的句型，同时了
解can /could情态动词的其他用法。
2. 通过创设不同生活场景实现语法知识向语言技能的转
化，提升口语交际能力。
3. 从跨文化视角观察和认识西方文化，引导与培养有礼
貌地提出请求与请求许可，培养跨文化交流意识。
Learning objectives
Review
Do you remember the conversations in 1b & 1c.
Do you still remember how they start the conversation
What children want to do What parents want them to do
hang out with friends after lunch
sort things into boxes
keep some fish
take care of them every day
help me hang up the photos
grow some flowers
sweep the floor
invite friends to our new house
help me clean up the room
help put the new clock on the wall
move this chair to their room
put some flowers by the window
take me to the flower shop later
Can / Could I do …
Ask for permission.
（征求许可）
Can / Could you (please) do …
Make polite requests.（礼貌地请求）
How to make polite requests
How to ask for permission
Can /Could you please…
用于提出要求或请求。
Can / Could I …
用于请求对方允许自己做某事。
How are they answered
How are they answered
肯定回答 Yes, I’ll do it at once. 是的，我立刻做。
No problem. 没问题。
With pleasure. 非常乐意。
Sure / Of course / Certainly. 当然可以。
否定回答 Sorry, I can’t. I have to… 对不起，我不能，我得……
Sorry, I’m going to… 对不起，我打算……
I’m afraid I can’t. I have to… 恐怕不行，我得……
I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。
肯定回答 Yes, good idea! 是的， 好主意。
Yes, you can. 是的，你可以。
Of course you can. 当然可以。
Yes, please. 是的，去吧。
否定回答 Sorry, but you have to… first. 对不起，但是你得先……
Sorry, you can’t. 对不起，你不可以。
Sorry, I’m afraid you can’t.
对不起，恐怕不行。
Could you please sweep the floor OK, Mum. I’ll do it at once.
Could I hang out with my friends after lunch Sorry, Jim, but you have to pack up your things first.
Can I put some flowers on the table Yes, good idea!
Can you help me hang up the photos Sure./No problem!
Read the questions with can or could. Notice how they are answered. Then write R for requests or P for permission next to each question.
R
P
P
R
3a
一、概述：
Can/Could表请求/允许
情态动词could可用于有礼貌地向对方提出请求或请求对方的许可，用于疑问句中，可代替can，在时间上与can没有区别，但语气要比can委婉、有礼貌。其答语没有固定的形式，但要符合上下文的语境。
Grammar
1. 表示请求别人做某事（提出请求）
否定回答：可先拒绝，再说明理由：Sorry, I can’t. I have to ...
/Sorry, I’m going to ... /I’m afraid I can’t. I have to ...
二、用法：
常用句型：Can /Could you (please) do sth.
你能……吗 / 请问你能……吗
肯定回答：Yes, sure. /Yes, I can. /Of course, I can.
/No problem. /With pleasure. ...
--Could you please make your bed
你能整理一下你的床铺吗？
--Yes, sure. 好的，当然可以。
--Could you water the flowers
你能浇一下花吗？
--Sorry, I can’t. I’m going to do my homework.
抱歉，我不能。我要做家庭作业。
2. 请求别人允许自己做某事（征求许可）
否定回答：Sorry, you can’t. /Sorry, I’m afraid you can’t.
常用句型：Can /Could I do… 我可以做……吗
肯定回答：Yes, you can. /Certainly. /Yes, sure.
--Could I borrow your bike 我可以借用你的自行车吗？
--Yes, you can. 是的，你可以。
/Sorry, you can’t. I’m going to ride it to work.
抱歉，你不能。我要骑它去上班。
无论是“Could you (please) ... ”还是“Could I ... ” ，问句中的 could 都可用 can 来代替，但是 could 更委婉。且答语中一般都避免使用 could 来回答。
注 意
3. “Could you please do sth. ”的否定形式
该句式的否定形式是 “Could you please not do sth. ”，表示委婉地批评对方，意为“请不要做某事好吗？”。
--Could you please not put your bike here
请不要把你的自行车放在这里好吗？
--Sorry, I’ll take it away at once.
对不起，我马上把它推走。
拓展：could的其他用法：
① could为can的过去式，表示能力。
She could swim at the age of 7. 她7岁时就会游泳了。
②表示惊讶、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用于否定句或疑问句，此
时could与can无时间上的区别，但语气比can要弱。
He couldn’t /can’t be over fifty. 他不可能超过50岁。
Can /Could he be serious 他难道会当真吗？
③ 表示可能性，指对将来、现在或过去某种可能的推测。
The book could be Mike’s. He likes reading science books.
这本书可能是迈克的，他喜欢看科学书籍。
④表示建议。
You could get your sister a scarf as her birthday present.
你可以给你妹妹买条围巾作为她的生日礼物。
⑤用于虚拟语气。
How I wish I could go with you! 我多么希望能和你一起去呀！
Choose the best question to complete each conversation.
A. Could you give me a ride to town now B. Can I stay out until eleven
C. Mr Lake, can I use your toilet D. Could I use your computer
1. A: ________________
B: Of course you can. Let me
show you the way.
C
3b
2. A: ________________
B: Yes, if you are careful with it.
D
3. A: _________________
B: No, you can’t. You have a
basketball game tomorrow,
remember You need a good rest.
B
4. A: Can I go to the movies
B: Of course.
A: _________________
B: I can’t. I have to do some
work now.
A
Make up conversations for each setting, using can or could.
1. You are at your friend’s home. You want to call your parents, but
your phone is dead.
________________________________________________________
A: Can/Could I use your phone B: Sure./Of course.
3c
2. You were sick at home yesterday. Your friend went to an English
class and took notes. You want to know more about the class.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A: Can/Could I borrow your English notes
B: Sure./Of course. Here you are.
3. You are holding a large box. It is difficult to open the door.
Your neighbour comes.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
A: Can/Could you please open the door for me
B: OK, I’ll do it at once.
4. You and your classmates want to help clean up the community.
Ask your classmates to bring gloves and rubbish bags.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
A: Can you bring gloves and rubbish bags
B: No problem!
1. --Gina, could you please play the drums on the art festival
--___________. I can only play the guitar.
A. I’m afraid I can’t B. Yes, I can
C. Sure, I’d love to D. Not bad
2. --Jimmy, could you please help me in the garden
--_________, Mom. I’m coming.
A. Sure B. I’m sorry
C. Go ahead D. That’s right
中考在线
中考在线
A
A
3. --My bike is broken. Could I use yours
--______, but you have to return it tomorrow.
A. I’m not sure B. No problem
C. I’m sorry D. I hope so
4. The clever boy ______ recite so many poems when he was three.
A. might B. would C. could D. should
5. --Excuse me. ______ I sit here
--You’d better not. It’s the man’s seat.
A. Must B. Need C. Should D. Could
B
C
D
School Cleaning Day is coming. If you are the leader of your group, make a to-do list for the cleaning plan.
Name To-do list
Group-work
A: Could you please ...,
Liu Chang
B: Sure. And could
you please …
C: Sorry, I can’t. I
have to…
1. Can I stay out until eleven
until (1) (介词)到……时；直到……为止 后接具体的时间。
Language points
She worked until 10 p.m. yesterday.
昨天她一直工作到晚上 10点。
(2) (连词)到……时；直到……为止 常用于引导时间状语从句。
I waited until they finished talking.
我一直等到他们谈完为止。
2. You and your classmates want to help clean up the community.
The yard is full of rubbish. Let’s clean it up.
院子里到处是垃圾。我们来清扫一下吧。
clean up 清扫，是“动词+副词”型短语，当人称代词作宾语时，需要放在clean与up之间。
Section A (Grammar Focus)
Grammar:
How to make polite requests and ask for permission.
Summary
Exercise
I. 选词填空。
1. Could you please ______ (take/taking) out the rubbish
2. David, my pen is broken. ________ (Should/Could) I use yours
3. _________ (Can/Could) you play basketball when you were in
primary school
4. --Could you please sweep the floor, Jenny
--Sorry, I ________ (can’t/couldn’t). I’m doing my homework.
5. --Could I give away these books to the poor children, Dad
--Sure, you _______ (can/could).
take
Could
Could
can’t
can
II. 补全对话。
A: Do you have anything to do now, Jeff
B: No. ______
A: Could you please do the dishes
B: Sure, Mom. ______
A: They are on the table in the kitchen.
B: ______
A: Could you please take out the rubbish
B: ______
A: Yes.
B: OK. ______
A: Nothing else.
A. What do I have to do
after doing the dishes
B. I have nothing to do.
C. But I am too tired.
D. And anything else
E. I have quite a lot of
things to do.
F. Is it also in the kitchen
G. But where are the
dishes
B
G
A
F
D
Homework
1. Review the new words and phrases.
2. Review the usage of could and can.
Must do:
Make up sentences to ask for permission and make polite requests.
Try to do:
THANK
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Unit 2 Home Sweet Home
Section A （Grammar Focus）
基础巩固
I. 根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。
1. We have no umbrellas. So we have to wait __________ (直到) the rain stops.
2. The computer is __________ (不运行的) and I can't start it up.
3. Teng Fei's mother left a __________ (便条) for him on the kitchen table.
4. The __________ (社区) is very friendly and everyone knows each other.
5. Why not take all the __________ (垃圾) away We should keep the park clean.
II. 根据语境或提示完成下列各题，每空一词(含缩略形式)。
6. --Gina, could you pass the book to me
--__________, __________. Here you are.
7. --Could we go to the park this weekend
--__________ __________. It’s a good place to relax ourselves.
8. --Could you please help me do the dishes
--__________, __________ __________. I’m a little tired now.
9. --Could I borrow your computer this afternoon
--__________, __________ __________. My computer is dead.
10. --Sir, we are watching the movie. Could you please __________ __________ (talk) on the phone
--Oh, sorry, I won’t do that.
III. 按括号内的要求转换下列句型。(每空限填一词)
11. What can I do for you (改为同义句)
__________ __________ help you
12. Could you please go to the supermarket (改为否定句)
Could you please __________ __________ to the supermarket
13. How about going out for lunch with Peter (用could改写句子)
__________ we __________ out for lunch with Peter
14. Please don't speak aloud in class. (改为同义句)
You __________ __________ aloud in class.
15. Students can eat some snacks in the classroom. (改为一般疑问句)
__________ students eat __________ snacks in the classroom
能力提升
IV. 语法与情景对话。
16. (2024·连云港) Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems __________ be cured (治愈).
A. can B. must C. should D. need
17. (2023·抚顺) The lovely boy __________ ride the bike at the age of six.
A. must B. could C. need D. should
18. --Could I use your computer
--Yes, you __________. But you __________ be careful with it.
A. could; can B. can; must C. must; can D. could; must
19. (2023·天津) --Would you like to visit Tianjin University tomorrow
--Sorry, I'm afraid I _________. I’ll work as a volunteer in community.
A. must B. can C. can't D. mustn't
20. --Could I borrow the story book
--__________, that would be OK. I finished reading it yesterday.
A. Thank you B. I'm sorry C. Never mind D. Of course
V. 根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子。(每空限填一词)
21. —请问你能帮我学英语吗？ —当然可以。
--__________ you __________ help me with my English
--__________.
22. —请问我能玩电脑游戏吗？ —是的，你能。
--__________ I play the computer games
--__________ , you __________.
23. 你用我的新车时，请小心些。
Please __________ __________ __________ my new car when you use it.
24. 当你阅读时，记得做笔记。它能帮助你更好地理解课文。
Remember to __________ __________ when you are reading. It can help you understand the text better.
25. —你能在这样一个雨天搭我一程真是太好了。 —我的荣幸。
--It's really nice of you to __________ __________ __________ __________ on such a rainy day.
--My pleasure.
阅读素养提升
VI. 以下是Susan和家人的聊天信息，请选择适当的情态动词填空，补全聊天内容。
Susan:
Hi, everyone. I'm going to have my graduation ceremony (毕业典礼) this Saturday. And I'm going to give a speech (演讲) in front of all the teachers and students. The ceremony will start at 9 a.m. 26.__________ (Can/Must) you come Please kindly let me know by this Friday if you 27.__________ (should /can) make it.
Aunt Alice:
Congratulations (恭喜)，Susan! Thank you for inviting me to your graduation ceremony. I would love to be there and celebrate it with you.
But I'm afraid I 28.__________ (can't/couldn't). I have to go to Scotland this Tuesday because I 29.__________ (can /must) join in an important meeting. I 30.__________ (must/might) be back next Monday, but I'm not sure. I'm really sorry for not being able to go to your graduation ceremony.
Grandpa:
Oh, sweetie, Grandma and I 31._________ (can/can't) go to your graduation ceremony on Sunday. But we 32.__________ (may / have to) feed the animals that morning, then we will directly (直接地) drive to your school. So you 33.__________ (mustn’t / needn't) wait for us at home then. We can meet at your school.
参考答案
1. until 2. dead 3. note 4. community 5. rubbish
6. Yes, sure. 7. Good idea. 8. Sorry, I can’t. 9. Sorry, you can’t
10. not talk （6—9 题答案不唯一）
11. Can I 12. not go 13. Could; go 14. can’t speak 15. Can; any
16—20. A B B C D
21. Can /Could; please; Sure /Certainly 22. Can /Could; Yes, can
23. be careful with 24. take notes 25. give me a ride/lift
26. Can 27. can 28. can’t 29. must 30. might 31. can
32. have to 33. needn’t
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