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必修二 Unit 4 History and Traditions 重点词句讲义
词形转换
philosophy n. 哲学→ philosopher /f l s f (r)/ n. 哲学家→ philosophical / f l s f kl/ adj.哲学的
puzzle n.谜vt.迷惑→ puzzled adj.感到困惑的→ puzzling adj.令人困惑的→ puzzlement n.困惑；迷惑
belong vi.应在（某处）；适应→ belonging n. a sense of ~ 归属感；belongings n. 财产，所有物
defence n.防御；保卫→ defend vt. 保护；保卫→ defensive adj.防御的
legal adj.法律的；合法的→ illegal adj.不合法的；非法的
surround vt.围绕→ surroundings n.环境→ surrounding adj.周围的→ surrounded adj.被包围的
evidence n.证据；证明→ evident adj.清楚的；明白的；显而易见的→ evidently adv.显然地；清楚地
achievement n.成就；成绩→ achieve vt.完成→ achievable adj.可完成的；可有成就的
location n.地方；地点；位置→ locate vt.位于，坐落于 → located adj.位于，坐落在(be ~ in)
fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→ fascinated adj.着迷的→ fascinate vi.& vt.使…入迷，迷住
→ fascination n.魅力；极大地吸引力
announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→ announcer n.播音员；广播员→ announcement n.宣布；宣告
generous adj.慷慨的；大方的(反义词mean)；丰富的→generosity n.慷慨；大方→ ~ly adv.慷慨/大方地
eager adj.热切的；渴望的→ eagerly adv.热切地；渴望地→ eagerness n.热切；渴望
poet n.诗人→ poem n.诗→ poetry n.诗歌（总称）
sensory adj.感觉的；感官的→sensor n. 传感器→ sense n. 感觉，意识；感觉官能 vt. 感到；意识到
striking adj.引人注目的；显著的→ strike (struck, struck) vt. 撞；敲打；攻击；罢工n. 攻击；罢工
crowd n.人群；一群人vt. 挤满 → crowded adj. 拥挤的
重点词组（注：有下划线的词组为单词表词组）
Listening—Reading and Thinking (P38-41)
share views on ... 分享对...的意见
do a research project on ... 对...进行研究
be similar to 与...相似
be more noticeable than... 比...更引人注目
give a hint as to ... 透露关于...的线索；提示...
be confused by/about ... 对…有疑问/感到困惑
if any 如果有的话...
solve the puzzle 解谜；解决难题
join … to …把…和…连接或联结起来→ be joined to ... 与...相连
be added to ... 被添加到...
break away (from sb/sth) ... (从...)分离；摆脱...
result in the full name 导致全名（形成）
be referred to as ... 被称为...
belong to the UK 属于英国
work together in some areas 在某些领域合作
be known as 被称为；被认为是；以…著称
use the same flag as well as share the same currency and military defence 拥有相同的货币和国防一样，也使用同一面国旗
have different education systems and legal systems 有不同的教育系统和法律系统
There a long and interesting history to explore一段值得探索的漫长而有趣的历史
evidence of four different groups of people四种不同人群的证据
take over 接管；接手；接收；占上风
leave behind lots of new vocabulary 留下许多新词汇
have castles built 建造城堡 【have sth. done请人做；遭受：have my wallet stolen我的钱包被偷】
make changes to the legal systems 对法律系统进行修改
enter into the English language 进入英语语言
make your visit much more enjoyable 让你的游览更加愉快 (make的复合结构)
an ancient port city 古老的港口城市
date (all the way) back to… 追溯到...
museums with ancient relics有古老文物的博物馆 (with prep. 有；具有)
keep your eyes open (for) 留心
sort out the information 整理信息
must have been asleep 肯定已经睡着
(must have done sth.肯定已经做了某事)
Discovering—Reading for writing (P42-47)
be surrounded by beautiful natural landscape被美丽的自然风景所包围
a generous family一个慷慨的家庭
pay a visit to a historic tourist destination
游览一个历史意义的旅游景点
get our car battery charged 给汽车电磁充电
have our eyes fixed on Van Gogh’s Sunflowers
我们的眼睛盯着梵高的《向日葵》
offer them bread with butter and honey
提供涂有黄油和蜂蜜的面包
be positioned on the hill被放置在山上
be eager/surprised to see/learn/hear that…
渴望/惊讶地看到/学习到/听说...
have a great influence on its people and traditions 对它的人民和传统有很大影响
be a true feast for the eyes 真正的视觉盛宴
stop by a village pub 顺便去一个乡村酒吧
be more than likely to do sth. 极有可能去做...
greet the new day with their morning song用清晨的歌声迎接新的一天
experience local culture and customs first-hand 亲身体验当地文化和习俗 (first-hand adv.)
analyze the descriptive paragraph
分析描述性段落
describe sensory details描述感官细节
revise the draft修改草稿
combine A with/and B 把A与B相结合
make several references (to…)多次提及(refer to)
make major achievements取得重大成就
have a sense of achievement 有成就感
give a full description of 对…给予充分描述
join a cultural camp加入文化营
be crowded (with sb/sth) 拥挤; 充满
重点句子
Many people are confused by what these different names mean. (P40 L2)
这些不同的名称是何意思，许多人感到困惑。(介词by后跟what引导宾语从句)
So, what is the difference between them, if any （那么，如果它们有区别的话，这些区别是什么呢？
if any意味“如果有的话”，是省略句，其完整形式为if there is any difference。
相似结构：if so 如果是这样的话 if not 如果不是这样；不然，否则
if necessary 如果有必要的话 if possible 如果可能的话 if ever 如果曾经有的话
They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses.
他们引入了英语的雏形，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。（先行词way，在定语从句中作状语，关系代词用that/in which或省略）
佳句赏析 P44（建议背诵）
The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. With this all beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing and dining. (P44 L4)
“绿宝石（爱尔兰）岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。海边波浪咆哮，海鸟鸣叫，奏响了海岸交响乐。在山里宁静的早晨，感受阳光洒落在你身上，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳，而鸟儿则用清晨的歌声迎接新的一天的到来。这般美景，造就了爱尔兰音乐、舞蹈及菜肴等独有的民间传统也就不足为奇了。

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