资源简介

单元素养测评卷(三)
1—5　　CBACA　 6—10　 CCCAC　 11—15　ABBCB　　16—20　ACBAC
21—25　ABDDD 26—30　CBBAD 31—35　ADCBB 36—40　BDEGA
41—45　CDBDA 46—50　CDBAC 51—55　ADBBD
第一部分
录音稿
Text 1
M: I’m meeting a group of volunteers who plan to clean up the park today. Would you like to join us
W: I’d like to, but I have to prepare for the coming finals at home.
Text 2
W: Shall we have some tea or coffee
M: I think a glass of cold water would be better. There is nothing like it when the weather is so hot.
Text 3
M: Lisa, I heard you need an English-French dictionary. Shall we go to the bookstore this afternoon
W: Sorry, Mark, but my cousin has told me she’d give me her used one. So I’m going to meet her in a cafe to get it.
Text 4
M: Let’s go to play rugby.
W: I think it’s still raining now.
M: No, it has stopped. But we won’t be able to see sunshine in a short period.
Text 5
M: How much are the toys
W: We are having a sale today. The original price is 10 dollars each, but now it only costs half the price.
M: All right, I’ll take three.
Text 6
M: Would you like to go out for dinner tonight
W: I’d love to. What time
M: Would 7:30 be OK Or 7:00 if you want to go earlier.
W: No, 7:30 is fine. I finish work at 5:00.
M: Shall I pick you up from your house
W: It’s hard to find a parking space near where I live. Could I meet you at the restaurant
M: Yes, that’s fine. Well, there’s an Italian place in town, or would you prefer Indian or Thai
W: Italian sounds fine.
Text 7
M: Are you doing work this late at night again It’s almost 2:00 am. Your eyes need some rest, dear.
W: No, I was reading a book online, but now I’m just checking out the news. Did you hear that Amanda was found in the forest
M: Who is Amanda
W: She’s a young woman who lives in Hawaii. She went hiking through a forest four days ago and never came back home. Hundreds of people had been searching for her.
M: Maybe she ran away.
W: No, that wasn’t the reason.
M: Maybe she got lost.
W: Not likely, since she knew the paths well.
M: So, have they found her
W: Yes, they just found her today. She had fallen by a waterfall. Her leg was broken, so she couldn’t climb back up to get help.
Text 8
M: Thanks for being our guest today on 94.1 FM.
W: You’re welcome. Thank you for having me on your show.
M: It’s our pleasure. So, Ms Allen, tell us a little bit about your programme.
W: Sure. I started this volunteer programme three years ago. I was working at a centre for the elderly. I noticed that a lot of them seemed to be very lonely.
M: Yes. That’s a big problem in many cities.
W: At the time, my husband was a teacher. He recognized that many students were having trouble at school. They needed help with their homework, but their parents were working and didn’t have time to help them.
M: So, you decided to create a programme that would connect old people with students in need of tutoring.
W: Yes. I knew there was a need for such a programme. Last year, we had 200 volunteer tutors. Together, they did more than 12,000 hours of tutoring.
Text 9
M: Have you ever been to this concert hall before
W: No, this is my first time.
M: The sound is amazing. They designed it, so you have a great audio experience no matter where you sit.
W: Usually I only see live music at clubs.
M: I used to go to big concerts at the sports centre, but it’s just too big, and the sound doesn’t travel well.
W: I agree. I think people go to them mainly for the comfortable environment.
M: True. It can be electric, but it would take a lot of effort to get to.
W: How did you get these tickets anyway I thought they had been sold out.
M: They had, but my sister is in the orchestra. She plays the violin.
W: Well, tell her thanks for me. Do you play any instruments
M: No. I tried to learn guitar, but I’m not gifted like my sister. How about you
W: I play the piano.
Text 10
W: This week we’re going to talk about Castle Howard, in Sussex. Castle Howard was badly burnt in a fire two years ago. A lot of paintings and furniture got damaged and it has taken a lot of hard work and patience to restore it back to its previous condition. It will be open to the public for the first time in two years on Sunday the 2nd of April. The opening times are from 10:00 am to 5:30 pm. As of May the 1st Castle Howard will be open daily from 10:00 am to sunset. You’ll be able to visit it all through the summer until the 1st of October, when it will be closed again. It’s well worth a visit. You’ll need a whole day just to wander around its splendid rooms. Of particular interest is the Dining Room in the West Wing with its fascinating collection of china, dating back to the 17th century, when the Howards first came to live in this building. You should also take advantage of its wonderful grounds. You can even have your lunch in the open-air restaurant behind the castle. Castle Howard’s a great day out for all the family with its convenient prices too! For a family of four, the children get in free of charge.
That’s all for today, listeners. But don’t miss next week’s programme.
第二部分
第一节
A
【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一份不容错过的最佳科学书籍清单。
21.A　细节理解题。根据文章A Short History of Nearly Everything部分中的“It was published on February 4,2003, and was one of the best-selling popular science books of 2005 in the UK.”、Thing Explainer: Complicated Stuff in Simple Words部分中的“It is a 2015 non-fiction book created by Randall Munroe, in which the author explains various complex subjects using common English words.”、 Ask an Astronaut: My Guide to Life in Space部分中的“Published on October 19,2017, the book is Tim Peake’s personal guide to life in space, based on his own experience.”以及Brief Answers to the Big Questions部分中的“Written by Stephen Hawking, the 2018 book examines…”可知,A Short History of Nearly Everything出版于2003年,是四本书中最早出版的书籍。故选A。
22.B　细节理解题。根据文章Thing Explainer: Complicated Stuff in Simple Words部分中的“However, the words and phrases used to describe the subjects are too technical to understand.”可知,这本书中用于描述主题的单词和短语过于专业,难以理解。故选B。
23.D　细节理解题。根据文章Ask an Astronaut: My Guide to Life in Space部分中的“The Q & A format makes it easy to quickly find answers and images are used to illustrate some of the more complex ideas, making it suitable for both children and adults.”以及Brief Answers to the Big Questions部分中的“Since complex ideas are communicated in a simple and understandable language, your previous physics knowledge is not required. For more advanced readers, it’s too basic.”可知,这两本书的相同之处是都具有吸引普通公众的特质。故选D。
B
【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了教育家蒙台梭利如何发展出新的教育方法、其教育方法的特色以及影响。
24.D　细节理解题。根据第三段“One day, she found that the children were enthusiastically playing with breadcrumbs (面包屑) that had dropped on the floor. It then occurred to her that the origin of some intellectual disabilities could be related with poverty.”可知,蒙台梭利发展出一种新的教育方法的主要原因是她观察到孩子们开心地玩面包屑。故选D。
25.D　细节理解题。根据第五段“At its centre was the principle (原则) that all the learning materials should be child-sized and designed to appeal to all the senses. In addition, each child should also be allowed to move and act freely, and use their creativity and problem-solving skills. Teachers took the role of guides, supporting the children without press or control.”可知,文中所描述的蒙台梭利教育方法的核心原则是营造自由和以儿童为中心的学习环境。故选D。
26.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Things reached a breaking point when the Fascists tried to influence the schools’ educational content, and in 1934 Montessori and her son decided to leave Italy.”可知,1934年,蒙台梭利决定离开意大利,因为她想避免法西斯分子对她工作的影响。故选C。
27.B　推理判断题。根据第四段“The observation would lead Montessori to develop a new method of education that focused on providing better stimulation during the sensitive periods of childhood.”以及倒数第二段“Montessori opened her first Children’s House in 1907.”可推知,蒙台梭利是善于观察和创新的。故选B。
C
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨文化记忆的定义、功能及其在社会和文化适应中的重要作用。
28.B　推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“People may typically think of memory as the recollection of the past. Memory enables people to learn from past experiences and apply that knowledge in present cases. It is an important part of our identity. So is culture, the way of life specific to a group of people.”以及第二段首句“Cultural memory is the constructed understanding of the past that is passed from one generation to the next through text, oral traditions, monuments and other symbols.”可知,第一段是为了引出文化记忆的概念。故选B。
29.A　词义猜测题。根据画线单词下文“To understand culture, humans access a mass of cultural symbols, such as books. Artifacts (手工艺品) of the past provide insights into where we came from. Libraries and the Internet keep a seemingly boundless amount of data on what it means to be part of a culture.”可推测,画线单词的意思和“储存”相似,指的是文化记忆通常储存在博物馆或历史纪念碑等物品中。store存储;ignore忽视;damage损害;create创造。故选A。
30.D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Besides, it creates a form of shared identity and a means for communicating this identity to new members. The most powerful forms of cultural memory may involve memories of past disastrous experiences undergone by groups of victims. For example, in Russia, their role in World War Ⅱ—in which tens of millions of Russians were killed—is still an important part of modern Russian identity. Because all groups have cultural memory, it can bring about a spirit of resistance or survival among threatened groups.”可知,最强大的文化记忆形式可能包括受害者群体所经历的过去灾难性事件的记忆。结合举例可知,本段提到俄罗斯是用来说明文化记忆对身份认同的影响的。故选D。
31.A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The main function of cultural memory is not to recall the past, whether it is good or bad. Rather, it is to use knowledge of past experiences to avoid making the same mistakes again and again.”以及“Cultural memory enables people to adapt to their culture; it enables cultures to adapt to new circumstances by keeping traces (痕迹) of what worked in the past.”可知,文化记忆的主要作用是使人们能够利用从过去的经历中总结的经验或智慧服务现在。故选A。
D
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在数字时代,由于信息过载和注意力经济,批判性思维不再是唯一重要的技能,更为关键的是批判性忽视的技能。
32.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“As the researchers point out, we live in an attention economy where content producers on the Internet compete for our attention. They attract us with a lot of emotional and eye-catching stories while providing little useful information, so they can expose us to profit-generating advertisements. Therefore,we are no longer customers but products, and each link we click is a sale of our time and attention.”可知,注意力经济会从每次点击中寻求利润。故选D项。
33.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Likewise, we need to set up a digital environment where attention-grabbing items are kept out of sight. As with dieting, if one tries to bank on willpower not to click eye-catching ‘news’, he’ll surely fail. So, it’s better to just keep them out of sight to begin with.”可推知,作者在第三段提到节食者,是为了强调我们需要建立一个让那些吸引注意力的东西远离我们视线的数字环境,以此来表明环境的重要性。故选C项。
34.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Trolls are actors who intentionally spread false and hurtful information online to cause harm. It may be appealing to respond to them to set the facts straight, but trolls just care about annoying others rather than facts. So, it’s best not to reward their bad behaviour with our attention.”可知,对付网络喷子,我们最好对他们充耳不闻。故选B项。
35.B　主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But in the digital age, according to Anastasia Kozyreva, a psychologist at the Max Planck Institute of Human Development, and her colleagues, an even more important skill is critical ignoring.”和第三段中“According to Kozyreva, critical ignoring comprises three strategies.”以及后文对这三种策略的具体介绍可推知,本文主要介绍了在数字时代,需要练习“批判性忽视”的技巧。故选B项。
第二节
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了物理学家、诺贝尔奖得主理查德·费曼发明的被称为“费曼技巧”的一种聪明的学习方法。
36.B　由上文“Physicist and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman developed a clever learning method known as the Feynman Technique. It involves explaining what you’re learning to others. By teaching what you’ve learned from memory, you engage in active recall.”可知,本空要讲“这种学习方法的好处”,故B选项(这有助于信息更好地留在你的脑海中。)能承接上文,符合文意。故选B。
37.D　由下文“The more interested you are, the faster you’ll grasp it. Moreover, a personally interesting topic will keep you motivated and engaged.”可知,本空要讲“感兴趣和学习的关系”,故D选项(你对它的好奇心将决定你的学习进度。)能引起下文,符合文意。故选D。
38.E　根据首段提到的四个步骤可知,空处为第二步,应承接上一步,并引出下一步。选项E“Once you have chosen a topic…”是对上一步的承接,“teach it to someone else”与下一步的“while teaching”呼应。且空格后的整段内容讲的是与“教给其他人”相关的内容,故选E。
39.G　由上文“While teaching you may discover gaps in your understanding.”可知,在教学过程中,你可能会发现你理解上的差距;由后文“Review your notes, reread books, or seek external help to ensure you have a complete understanding of the context before moving forward.”可知,发现差距的解决办法是回顾笔记,故G选项 (当这种情况发生时,回到原始材料中查找缺失的部分。)能承上启下,符合文意。故选G。
40.A　空前讲费曼学习法对儿童和成年人来说都是很好的学习方法,而由下文“You need to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else.”可知,积极地思考问题,而不是被动地阅读或倾听别人的意见。所以空处应该与费曼学习法在精神状态上的要求有关。故A选项(这对精神要求很高。)符合文意。选项中it指代the Feynman Technique,故选A。
第三部分
第一节
【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者剪草坪的经历,作者从中领悟到向别人学习并不一定意味着总是要模仿他们,做一些不同的事情也是可以的。
41.C　根据上文“No, do it this way.”可知,家人总是在教作者。故选C项。blame责备;trust信任;teach教;ask问。
42.D　根据下文the wrong way可知,作者不喜欢总是感觉自己错了。故选D项。confused困惑的;threatened受到威胁的;strange陌生的;mistaken错误的。
43.B　根据下文“Grandpa had flattened out one side of the green bush with a pair of shears(大剪刀)…”可知,作者帮爷爷做园艺活。故选B项。planning计划;gardening园艺活;cooking烹饪;cleaning清洁。
44.D　根据下文cut可知,爷爷让作者修剪另一边草坪。故选D项。cover覆盖;replace取代;watch看;cut修剪。
45.A　爷爷等待着看看作者做得怎么样。故选A项。wait等待;forget忘记;happen碰巧,发生;promise承诺。
46.C　根据下文doing it the wrong way可知,作者害怕出错。故选C项。proud自豪的;aware有意识的;afraid害怕的;sure确定的。
47.D　根据上文“I can do it by myself…”可知,作者认为自己能独立完成,所以爷爷回来时要检查作者的工作。故选D项。look after照顾;depend on依靠;go after追求;check on检查。
48.B　根据下文“…the big shears to cut the branches…”可知,作者举起大剪刀想剪断树枝。故选B项。 share分享;lift举起;exchange交换;improve提高。
49.A　根据下文“I wanted to cry.”可知,作者没成功。故选A项。fail失败;end结束;refuse拒绝;matter重要。
50.C　根据上文“I took a step back…”可知,作者退后一步的目的是检查自己的工作成果。故选C项。remember记得;support支持;examine审查,(仔细地)检验;continue继续做。
51.A　根据下文“Your way works just fine…”可知,作者得到了赞扬,所以应该是爷爷认为作者修剪得好。故选A项。better更好的;taller更高的;greener更绿的;worse更坏的。
52.D　根据下文“You mean my way isn’t wrong ”可知,作者很惊讶。故选D项。nervous紧张的;determined下定决心的;upset难过的,沮丧的;surprised惊讶的。
53.B　根据上文my way可知,作者的方式没错。故选B项。model模特;method方式;track轨道;word单词。
54.B　根据下文“Being different is fine.”可知,向别人学习并不一定意味着总是要模仿他们。故选B项。praise赞扬;copy复制,模仿;greet问候;persuade说服。
55.D　根据下文different可知,做一些不同的事情是可以的。故选D项。formally正式地;safely安全地;slowly慢慢地;distinctively特别地,不同地。
第二节
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了明代著名探险家徐霞客的生平和旅行成就。
56.who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词为Zhang Qian,指人,关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who作引导词。故填who。
57.opening　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处在句子中作状语,使用非谓语动词,因与其逻辑主语Zhang Qian之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词形式。故填opening。
58.under　考查介词。结合句意可知,表达“在……的指导下”用under the direction of。故填under。
fortable　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰名词life,作定语,应用形容词comfortable“安逸的,舒适的”。故填comfortable。
60.to have travelled　考查非谓语动词。be said to do为固定表达,含义为“据说”,因动词不定式表示的动作先于谓语动作发生,travel应用不定式的完成式。故填to have travelled。
61.an　考查冠词。work意为“作品”时是可数名词,此处泛指“一部巨作”,应用不定冠词修饰,enormous的发音以元音音素开头,应用an。故填an。
62.details　考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知,空处在句子中作宾语,应用名词detail,根据下文geography, botany and local history可知,细节不止一个,应用复数形式,故填details。
63.nor　考查连词。结合句意可知,此处为固定搭配neither…nor…“既不……也不……”。故填nor。
64.curiosity　考查名词。分析句子结构可知,空处在句子中作宾语,应用名词curiosity“好奇心”,是不可数名词。故填curiosity。
65.greatest　考查形容词最高级。根据上文“Xu Xiake travelled across China for 34 years.”可知,此处表达的是徐霞客34年的旅游经历中最伟大的一次旅行,空处应填形容词最高级greatest作定语,修饰名词journey。故填greatest。
第四部分
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Kevin,
I am so grateful to have such a dedicated teacher as you. With your careful guidance last year, I made rapid progress in English. The relaxing atmosphere in your class encouraged me to freely voice my opinion, greatly enhancing my fluency in speaking. As for further improving your class, my suggestions are as follows.
Initially, I hope there will be more interactions with you in class because discussions really benefit us much. Moreover, it is thoughtful of you to speak slowly for our sake, but the faster speed at which you talk with your native speakers may better sharpen our listening skills.
I sincerely hope these suggestions will be useful to you. Looking forward to your wonderful lessons next semester.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
【思路点拨】 本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了作者从小时候开始就酷爱钢琴,但是因为家庭经济条件不好,买不起、学不起钢琴,只能自己画钢琴格并利用空余时间在学校钢琴上刻苦练习,最终在父母的支持与鼓励下,她经过不懈努力成为钢琴家的故事。
【详解】
1. 段落续写:
①由第一段首句内容“大约13岁的一天晚上,我回到家,妈妈说她要给我一个惊喜。”可知,第一段可描写作者的妈妈给作者送的礼物——真正的钢琴,作者第一次为母亲演奏。
②由第二段首句内容“我父亲非常反对我弹钢琴,但当他听到我的演奏时,他的内心发生了变化。”可知,第二段可描写父亲爱上听作者弹钢琴并鼓励她坚持下去,作者经过努力获得成功。
2. 续写线索:作者收到钢琴—作者为母亲演奏—父亲改变态度—父亲鼓励—作者获得成功—感悟
One possible version:
One evening, when I was about 13, I came home, and my mother said she had a surprise for me. I was expecting a chocolate bar, but it turned out to be a real piano, bought with more money borrowed from families and friends (过去分词作定语). It was the first time that I’d played for her (固定句型). Much to her surprise, instead of a simple song, I played a piece called Elegy: In Autumn. I could see tears welling up (see+宾语+宾补) in her eyes. She hurried to fetch my dad from his room and almost pushed him into the sofa. “Just listen,” she said.
My father was very much against me playing the piano, but when he heard my playing, something inside him changed. Actually, he would always drop everything he was doing (定语从句) whenever he heard the sound of the piano keys (让步状语从句). Now, many years later, people all over the world hear me playing (hear+宾语+宾补). What my father said that day (主语从句) has never faded from my memory, “Since you do love playing it and play it so well (since引导状语从句), just keep playing it like no one else would.” So I’ve done ever since and this is one of the few things that I feel so proud of in my life (定语从句).单元素养测评卷(三)
Unit 9
(时间:120分钟　分值:150分)
第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
(　)1.What will the woman do today
A.Meet some volunteers.　　　B.Clean the park.
C.Study at home.
(　)2.What does the man suggest drinking
A.Tea. 　　　　B.Cold water. 　　　C.Coffee.
(　)3.Where is Lisa going this afternoon
A.The cafe.　　　　　B.The bookstore.
C.Her cousin’s home.
(　)4.What is the weather probably like now
A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Cloudy.
(　)5.How much is the toy now
A.$5. B.$10. C.$15.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
(　)6.What do the speakers intend to do
A.Stay late at work.　　　　　B.Study together.
C.Go out for dinner.
(　)7.Where will the speakers meet
A.At the parking lot. B.At the office.
C.At the restaurant.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
(　)8.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A.A book. B.An adventure.
C.A news story.
(　)9.When did Amanda go through the forest
A.Four days ago. B.Two days ago.
C.Yesterday.
(　)10.What happened to Amanda
A.She got lost. B.She ran away.
C.She got hurt.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
(　)11.What is the man
A.A radio host. B.An English teacher.
C.A college student.
(　)12.When did Allen start the volunteer programme
A.One year ago. B.Three years ago.
C.Four years ago.
(　)13.How many volunteers were there in the programme last year
A.20. 　　　　　　B.200. 　　　　　　C.1,200.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
(　)14.Where does the conversation take place
A.In a club. B.In a sports centre.
C.In a concert hall.
(　)15.What does the man dislike about large music concerts
A.The high price. B.The bad sound.
C.The dark atmosphere.
(　)16.How did the man get the tickets
A.From his sister. B.From a friend.
C.From a website.
(　)17.What instrument does the woman play
A.The violin. 　　　B.The guitar. 　　　C.The piano.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
(　)18.How long will Castle Howard open
A.For about 5 months. B.For about 6 months.
C.For about 7 months.
(　)19.What can tourists see in the Dining Room
A.Old china. B.Old paintings.
C.Old furniture.
(　)20.Why does the speaker suggest families go to Castle Howard
A.The restaurant is convenient for children.
B.The grounds are fairly large.
C.The price is attractive.
第二部分　阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There are thousands of science books on a huge variety of topics.Which ones should you choose Luckily for you, we have made a list of the best science books that you should not miss.
A Short History of Nearly Everything
Written by Bill Bryson, it is a popular science book that explains some areas of science.It was published on February 4,2003, and was one of the best-selling popular science books of 2005 in the UK.It explains a variety of scientific topics in a vivid and comprehensive way, which makes it accessible for people with no science knowledge.But it’s quite long.
Thing Explainer: Complicated Stuff in Simple Words
It is a 2015 non-fiction book created by Randall Munroe, in which the author explains various complex subjects using common English words.It covers a wide range of topics and explains complex ideas using illustrations, so it’s entertaining and easily understood.However, the words and phrases used to describe the subjects are too technical to understand.
Ask an Astronaut: My Guide to Life in Space
Published on October 19,2017, the book is Tim Peake’s personal guide to life in space, based on his own experience. The Q & A format makes it easy to quickly find answers and images are used to illustrate some of the more complex ideas, making it suitable for both children and adults. The disadvantage is that the Q & A format can become boring sometimes.
Brief Answers to the Big Questions
Written by Stephen Hawking, the 2018 book examines some of the universe’s greatest mysteries and promotes the view that science is very important in helping solve problems.It provides a great introduction to Stephen Hawking’s thoughts.Since complex ideas are communicated in a simple and understandable language, your previous physics knowledge is not required.For more advanced readers, it’s too basic.
(　)21.Which is the oldest of the following books
A.A Short History of Nearly Everything.
B.Thing Explainer:Complicated Stuff in Simple Words.
C.Ask an Astronaut:My Guide to Life in Space.
D.Brief Answers to the Big Questions.
(　)22.What is the challenge of reading the second book
A.Various topics.
B.Technical terms.
C.Complicated subjects.
D.Scientific illustrations.
(　)23.What do the last two books have in common
A.They stress the practical use of science.
B.They use Q & A formats to explain ideas.
C.They require previous science knowledge.
D.They seem to appeal to the general public.
B
Montessori was born in Italy in 1870 with progressive parents, who frequently communicated with the country’s leading thinkers and scholars. This enlightened family environment provided Montessori with many advantages over other young girls of the time.
Her mother’s support was vital for some important decisions, such as her further study in a technical school after her elementary education. Her parents’ support also proved to be essential for her decision to study medicine, a field that was dominated by men.
Soon after graduation, in 1896, Montessori began work as a voluntary assistant in a clinic at the University of Rome, where she cared for children with learning difficulties. The rooms were empty, with just a few pieces of furniture. One day, she found that the children were enthusiastically playing with breadcrumbs (面包屑) that had dropped on the floor. It then occurred to her that the origin of some intellectual disabilities could be related with poverty. With the right learning materials, these and other young minds could be trained, Montessori concluded.
The observation would lead Montessori to develop a new method of education that focused on providing better stimulation during the sensitive periods of childhood.
At its centre was the principle (原则) that all the learning materials should be child-sized and designed to appeal to all the senses. In addition, each child should also be allowed to move and act freely, and use their creativity and problem-solving skills. Teachers took the role of guides, supporting the children without press or control.
Montessori opened her first Children’s House in 1907. When the Fascists (法西斯主义者) first came into power in Italy in 1922, they welcomed her movement at the beginning. But they soon came to oppose the emphasis on the children’s freedom of expression. Montessori’s values had always been about human respect and the rights of children and women, but the Fascists wanted to use her work and her fame.
Things reached a breaking point when the Fascists tried to influence the schools’ educational content, and in 1934 Montessori and her son decided to leave Italy. She didn’t return to her homeland until 1947, and she continued to write and develop her method until her death in 1952, at the age of 81.
(　)24.What was the main reason for Montessori to develop a new educational method
A.Her experience as a voluntary assistant in a clinic.
B.Her family’s supportive influence on her education.
C.Her decision to study medicine, a field dominated by men.
D.Her observation of children playing with breadcrumbs happily.
(　)25.What was a central principle of Montessori’s educational method
A.Focusing on group competition.
B.Taking control of children’s action.
C.Providing one-size-fits-all learning materials.
D.Creating a free and child-centred environment.
(　)26.Why did Montessori decide to leave Italy in 1934
A.She was offered a better job in a different country.
B.She was forced to give up her work and her fame.
C.She wanted to avoid the influence from the Fascists.
D.She wanted to explore other countries and cultures.
(　)27.Which of the following words can best describe Montessori in this passage
A.Enthusiastic and kind.
B.Observant and innovative.
C.Cooperative and generous.
D.Traditional and emotional.
C
People may typically think of memory as the recollection of the past. Memory enables people to learn from past experiences and apply that knowledge in present cases. It is an important part of our identity. So is culture, the way of life specific to a group of people.
Cultural memory is the constructed understanding of the past that is passed from one generation to the next through text, oral traditions, monuments and other symbols. Cultural memory is often amassed in objects, such as museums or historical monuments. To understand culture, humans access a mass of cultural symbols, such as books. Artifacts (手工艺品) of the past provide insights into where we came from. Libraries and the Internet keep a seemingly boundless amount of data on what it means to be part of a culture. Cultural memory is the longest-lasting form of memory.
Like all forms of memory, cultural memory has important functions. For example, it makes the experiences a nation owns clear. It provides us with an understanding of the past and the values of the group to which we belong. Besides, it creates a form of shared identity and a means for communicating this identity to new members. The most powerful forms of cultural memory may involve memories of past disastrous experiences undergone by groups of victims. For example, in Russia, their role in World War Ⅱ—in which tens of millions of Russians were killed—is still an important part of modern Russian identity. Because all groups have cultural memory, it can bring about a spirit of resistance or survival among threatened groups.
The main function of cultural memory is not to recall the past, whether it is good or bad. Rather, it is to use knowledge of past experiences to avoid making the same mistakes again and again. Aleida Assmann, a professor who has worked on memory theory since the 1960s, calls this “remembering forward”. Cultural memory enables people to adapt to their culture; it enables cultures to adapt to new circumstances by keeping traces (痕迹) of what worked in the past.
(　)28.What is the function of the first paragraph
A.Reporting a discovery of cultural memory.
B.Leading to the concept of cultural memory.
C.Introducing the importance of memory in identity.
D.Making a connection between memory and culture.
(　)29.Which can replace the underlined word “amassed” in Paragraph 2
A.Stored.　　　　　　　　B.Ignored.
C.Damaged. D.Created.
(　)30.Russia is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to indicate 　　　　.
A.the features of cultural memory
B.the formation of cultural memory
C.the role of big events in Russian identity
D.the impact of cultural memory on identity
(　)31.What is cultural memory mainly expected to do
A.Pass previous wisdom down.
B.Keep traces of history.
C.Get people to know about the past.
D.Remind people of their identity.
D
In the days before the Internet, critical thinking was the most important skill of informed citizens. But in the digital age, according to Anastasia Kozyreva, a psychologist at the Max Planck Institute of Human Development, and her colleagues, an even more important skill is critical ignoring.
As the researchers point out, we live in an attention economy where content producers on the Internet compete for our attention. They attract us with a lot of emotional and eye-catching stories while providing little useful information, so they can expose us to profit-generating advertisements. Therefore,we are no longer customers but products, and each link we click is a sale of our time and attention. To protect ourselves from this, Kozyreva advocates learning the skill of critical ignoring, in which readers intentionally control their information environment to reduce exposure to false and low-quality information.
According to Kozyreva, critical ignoring comprises three strategies. The first is to design our environments, which involves the removal of low-quality yet hard-to-resist information from around. Successful dieters need to keep unhealthy food out of their homes. Likewise, we need to set up a digital environment where attention-grabbing items are kept out of sight. As with dieting, if one tries to bank on willpower not to click eye-catching “news”, he’ll surely fail. So, it’s better to just keep them out of sight to begin with.
The next is to evaluate the reliability of information, whose purpose is to protect you from false and misleading information. It can be realized by checking the source in the mainstream news agencies which have their reputations for being trustworthy.
The last goes by the phrase “do not feed the trolls”. Trolls are actors who intentionally spread false and hurtful information online to cause harm. It may be appealing to respond to them to set the facts straight, but trolls just care about annoying others rather than facts. So, it’s best not to reward their bad behaviour with our attention.
By sharpening our critical ignoring skills in these ways, we can make the most of the Internet while avoiding falling victim to those who try to control our attention, time, and minds.
(　)32.What can we learn about the attention economy from Paragraph 2
A.It offers little information.
B.It features depressing stories.
C.It saves time for Internet users.
D.It seeks profits from each click.
(　)33.Why does the author mention dieters in Paragraph 3
A.To discuss the quality of information.
B.To prove the benefits of healthy food.
C.To show the importance of environments.
D.To explain the effectiveness of willpower.
(　)34.What should we do to handle Internet trolls according to the text
A.Reveal their intention.
B.Turn a deaf ear to them.
C.Correct their behaviour.
D.Send hard facts to them.
(　)35.What is the text mainly about
A.Reasons for critical thinking in the attention economy.
B.Practising the skill of critical ignoring in the digital age.
C.Maximizing the benefits of critical ignoring on the Internet.
D.Strategies of abandoning critical thinking for Internet users.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Physicist and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman developed a clever learning method known as the Feynman Technique. It involves explaining what you’re learning to others. By teaching what you’ve learned from memory, you engage in active recall. 36.　　　　 It also ensures that you understand the topic, because you can only explain an idea if you truly understand it. The technique consists of four repeatable steps.
To begin with, choose a concept or topic you wish to fully understand. 37.　　　　 The more interested you are, the faster you’ll grasp it. Moreover, a personally interesting topic will keep you motivated and engaged.
38.　　　　 Write notes and explain it in a way that makes sense to a five-year-old. If you’d rather avoid actually teaching someone, you can just teach it to an imaginary audience. But it works much better if you use a real person. They’ll be able to let you know when something isn’t clear.
While teaching you may discover gaps in your understanding. 39.　　　　 Review your notes, reread books, or seek external help to ensure you have a complete understanding of the context before moving forward.
Now that you fully grasp the concept, test your understanding by trying to teach it to another person. This will help you identify any remaining areas of uncertainty you need to revisit.
The Feynman Technique is a great way for kids and grown-ups to learn. 40.　　　　 You need to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else. However, with great efforts in mastering this method, you’ll see your learning results improve quicker than ever before.
A.It is mentally demanding.
B.This helps the information stick in your mind better.
C.Teach it to a five-year-old, who would give you direct feedback.
D.Your curiosity about it will determine the pace of your learning.
E.Once you have chosen a topic, you can teach it to someone else.
F.Active engagement plays a key role in promoting deeper learning.
G.When this happens, refer back to the original material for the missing pieces.
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
As the youngest kid in the family, I used to be told, “No, do it this way.” I knew my family members were all trying to 　41　 me, but I didn’t like feeling 　42　 all the time.
One weekend, I went to help Grandpa with 　43　. Grandpa had flattened out one side of the green bush with a pair of shears(大剪刀) and told me to 　44　 the other side. He 　45　 to watch, but I didn’t do anything. I was 　46　 of doing it the wrong way. “I can do it by myself,” I said. Grandpa said he would come back to 　47　 me. When he was gone, I 　48　 the big shears to cut the branches, but 　49　. I wanted to cry.
Then I took a pair of regular scissors and cut the bush. Little branches fell to the ground. I took a step back to 　50　 my work. The bush looked flat and neat on my side. Grandpa came back. He looked at the side he had cut, then back at mine. “Your side looks 　51　 than mine,” he said.
I was 　52　. “You mean my way isn’t wrong ”
“No. Your way works just fine,” Grandpa said.
I was so happy my 　53　 was right this time. As I grew up, I realized learning from other people didn’t necessarily mean having to always 　54　 them. It is okay to do things a little 　55　. Being different is fine.
(　)41.A.blame　　　　　　　　　B.trust
C.teach D.ask
(　)42.A.confused B.threatened
C.strange D.mistaken
(　)43.A.planning B.gardening
C.cooking D.cleaning
(　)44.A.cover B.replace
C.watch D.cut
(　)45.A.waited B.forgot
C.happened D.promised
(　)46.A.proud B.aware
C.afraid D.sure
(　)47.A.look after B.depend on
C.go after D.check on
(　)48.A.shared B.lifted
C.exchanged D.improved
(　)49.A.failed B.ended
C.refused D.mattered
(　)50.A.remember B.support
C.examine D.continue
(　)51.A.better B.taller
C.greener D.worse
(　)52.A.nervous B.determined
C.upset D.surprised
(　)53.A.model B.method
C.track D.word
(　)54.A.praise B.copy
C.greet D.persuade
(　)55.A.formally B.safely
C.slowly D.distinctively
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has many famed explorers. There was Zhang Qian, 56.　　　　　 travelled to Central Asia, 57.　　　　　(open) corridors of trade that became the Silk Road. Zheng He was a great mariner in the 15th century. Yet these voyages were undertaken 58.　　　　　　 the direction of governments, Xu Xiake was different.
Born in 1587, Xu Xiake grew up in a rich family. Yet he rejected the 59.　　　　　　　(comfort) life to travel the lost world of imperial China. As one of the greatest land explorers, Xu Xiake is said 60.　　　　　　　　(travel) thousands of miles of Chinese mountains and rivers on foot in his lifetime. The written work of Xu Xiake’s travel records and diaries contains some 404,000 Chinese characters, 61.　　　　　 enormous work for a single author of his time. It mixes 62.　　　　　(detail) of geography, botany and local history with the ratings of the Ming Dynasty lodgings (住宿).
“On the surface, Xu’s travel can neither be classified as great affairs of state 63.　　　　 great undertakings that changed the course of history,” writes the cultural historian Zheng Peikai. “Xu travelled to satisfy his own 64.　　　　　　　(curious)—he travelled for the sake of travelling.”
Xu Xiake travelled across China for 34 years. Perhaps his 65.　　　　　　　(great) journey was his last. At age 50, he travelled to the tropical frontiers of Yunnan. Hundreds of years later we follow. Naturally, he is the father of Chinese backpacking.
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是李华,过去一年中,你在外教Kevin的课堂上收获颇多,Kevin为了更进一步提升课堂质量,特向大家征求改进建议。请你撰写一封英文建议信给他,内容包括:
1. 介绍收获并表达感谢;
2. 提出建议并给出理由。
注意:1. 词数80个左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Kevin,



Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was 11 years old when I asked my parents for piano lessons. We were in the impact of the recession (经济衰退). My mother had recently been out of work and so my father became the only bread earner for our family. A polite “no” was the answer.
That didn’t discourage me. I Googled the dimensions of a keyboard, drew the keys onto a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk. I would click notes on an online keyboard and “play” them back on my paper one—keeping the sound they made on the computer in my head. After a while I could hear the notes in my head while pressing the keys on the paper. I spent six months playing scales (音阶) and chord sequences without touching a real piano. Once my mother saw it wasn’t a craze, in spite of the fact that she and my father never wished their daughter to work in music, she borrowed some money from families and friends, and bought me 10 lessons.
I still remember the first lesson. I was struck by how noble and elegant the sound of the piano was, as I had become familiar with the artificial electronic sound. The teacher tried to explain where middle C was but I could already play all the major and minor scales, as well as tonic and dominant functions.
After eight lessons, I obtained the first grade piano certificate. By the time I started secondary school, we couldn’t afford lessons again, so I returned to my paper keyboard. I passed grade three, then grade five, practising only on my paper keyboard.
For the grades above that, there’s an expectation that you include a certain sensitivity into your playing. The head of music at my school said I could practise on the school’s grand piano. I would wake up at 5:30 am to get there in time and play until lessons started. I’d skip lunch and then practise after school until the caretaker kicked me out. At home, I’d have dinner, do three hours of revision, and then mental practice until 1 am.
注意: 续写词数应为150个左右。
Paragraph 1:
One evening, when I was about 13, I came home, and my mother said she had a surprise for me.

Paragraph 2:
My father was very much against me playing the piano, but when he heard my playing, something inside him changed.

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