资源简介

Period Two　Lesson 1 Masterpieces(Reading)
【课前自主探究】
Step 1　Fast reading
1.mental illness　2.popular/successful　3.fear　4.mysterious
Step 2　Careful reading
1—5 CBBAD
Step 3　Summary
1.racing　2.are　3.mentally　4.which　5.a　6.powerful
7.is set　8.surrounded　9.What　10.reactions
【语言知识梳理】
词汇点睛
1.(1)①n.身材　②n.身影　③n.数字　④v.认为　⑤n.人物
(2)figure out the maths problem
2.(1)①Affected　②were affected　③affection　(2)will affect our own judgement
3.(1)①stealing　②where　③on　(2)①n.污渍　②vt.发现,注意到　③n.地点　(3)①spotted David standing by himself
②put him on the spot
4.(1)①failure　②to break　③a　(2)①n.故障　②n.歉收
(3)①the fear of failure　②ended in failure
5.(1)at　(2)①let out a scream　②screamed for help
③screamed with excitement　④screamed in horror/terror/fright
6.(1)①view　②scene　③scenery　④sight　(2)behind the scenes
7.(1)①reaction　②to　③with　④against　(2)in reaction to
句型透视
1.①may/might have been to　②could have offered
③can’t/couldn’t have been　④must have fallen asleep
⑤should/ought to have knocked
2.(1)①What　②what　③what　(2)What amazed us mostPeriod Two　Lesson 1 Masterpieces(Reading)
Ⅰ.1.masterpieces　2.empire　3.figure　4.scene　5.visual
6.massive　7.viewers　8.Beneath　9.spots　10.drug
Ⅱ.1.mentally　2.reaction　3.burning　4.failure
5.mysterious　6.to raise　7.starry　8.screaming
9.affecting　10.striking
Ⅲ.1.just like　2.let out a scream　3.in his lifetime　4.as for
5.be connected to　6.on the scene/spot
Ⅳ.1.must have had some trouble　2.Left alone at home
3.What left me the deepest impression/impressed me most
4.that your words hurt him　5.saw him riding his bicycle
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者经历了一次不愉快的艺术展览之旅后,决定上网寻找那些为青少年提供特殊活动的美术馆。此外,作者也了解了一位艺术家,他使用不同的技巧来绘画,把一些普通的物品融入到艺术中,作者期待以后能参观他的作品展。
1.D　根据下文“…different techniques and generally get creative.”可知,在艺术课上,我们尝试(experiment)不同的艺术技巧,变得有创造力。deal处理;start启动;struggle斗争。
2.A　根据下文“The next day we complained to our teacher about the…of activities for teens at art galleries.”可知,美术馆之旅经常是令人失望的(disappointing)。challenging有挑战性的;uplifting令人振奋的;interesting有趣的。
3.A　根据下文“Our teacher was getting…and kept telling us to be quiet.”可知,展览馆里挤满了老年人,他们显然不想和吵闹的(noisy)学生们在一起。careless粗心的;attentive专心的;creative有创造力的。
4.B　根据下文“…couldn’t stop chatting.”可知,学生们感到无聊(bored),所以一直在聊天。annoyed恼怒的,生气的;lost迷失的;worried担心的。
5.C　根据前文“We all got…and couldn’t stop chatting.”可知,老师看到学生们一直在展览馆聊天,担心影响他人,所以有点焦虑(stressed),一直在告诉学生们保持安静。weak弱的;sensitive敏感的;tired疲倦的。
6.A　根据下文“That’s when I decided to go online and look for art galleries that have special…for teens.”可知,作者之所以上网寻找有特殊活动的美术馆是因为这个美术馆缺乏(lack)青少年参加的活动。theme主题;result结果;schedule日程。
7.D　根据下文“That’s when I decided to go online and look for art galleries that have special…for teens.”可知,老师同意(agree)参观应该兼顾教育性和趣味性。announce宣布;demand要求;suggest建议。
8.D　根据上文“The next day we complained to our teacher about the…of activities for teens at art galleries.”可知,作者决定上网寻找那些为青少年提供特殊活动(event)的美术馆。gift礼物;price价格;painting绘画。
9.C　根据下文“…and proposed some to my teacher.”可知,作者设法找到(manage)了很多活动。happen发生,碰巧;determine确定;expect预期。
10.B　根据前文“That’s when I decided to go online and look for art galleries…”可知,作者使用互联网(Internet)来搜索相关信息。activity活动;trip旅行;exhibition展览。
11.A　根据后文“…but Bailey is totally different.”可知,作者已经(already)了解了许多艺术家,所以作者才能进行比较。never从不;merely仅仅;obviously明显地。
12.D　根据下文such as umbrellas, headphones and even cookies可知,该艺术家是将普通的(ordinary)物品融入到艺术中。useful有用的;fancy花哨的,精致的;suitable合适的。
13.C　根据前文“His art is simple, but…”可知,他的艺术作品虽然简单,但会让你以不一样的眼光(differently)看待事物。clearly显然地;directly直接地;critically批判地。
14.B　根据前文“…a flower is similar to a mop(拖把)…”可知,这是对常见事物的一种想法(idea)。design设计;plant植物;tool工具。
15.B　根据下文“I hope I’ll be able to go to an exhibition of his work in the future.”可知,作者期待未来能去参观他的作品展,所以此处指他的画很有趣(entertaining)。massive巨大的;strange奇怪的;practical实际的。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇议论文。文章开篇提出很多人认为艺术创作的工作很简单,但作者认为这些外行人士不懂艺术创作的艰难之处,并从艺术创作的灵感、资源和时间方面论述艺术创作工作的不易,最后总结出艺术创作需要耐心、时间和空间。
1.A　根据上文“I’m a student at the College of Visual and Performing Arts where we create all kinds of art every day.”和下文“But I don’t think those people truly know the difficulties and struggles in the process of making art.”可知,中间设空处需要填一个意思与下文相反的表达。A项(外人认为我们的工作很容易。)恰好与之对应,下文的those people指代A项中的outsiders,下文的difficulties and struggles也与A项中的easy对应。故选A项。
2.E　上文“First of all, we need to be inspired. You may think that’s easy. In fact, anything can serve as a concept of a work of art.”提到了艺术创作需要灵感,而任何东西都可以作为艺术作品的概念,这是容易的部分。而下文“Sometimes we will need people, volunteers and bodies to do so and finding willing people to work is hard.”提到很难找到愿意做这些工作的人,属于艺术创作工作中难的部分。因此E项(我们要把想法变为现实时,困难的部分就来了。)恰好能把上下文衔接起来。故选E项。
3.D　本题设空处位于段首,根据下文“We need a space to be able to be creative and that can be tricky to acquire. Sometimes we need art supplies or certain equipment and costumes and that can cost money. Even if we do acquire what we need, visions change and mistakes happen so we might not end up using the resources.”可知,整段内容都在讲艺术创作需要用到的资源,故段首句需要概括整段内容。结合选项可知,D项(资源也是艺术创作的一个重要因素。)一方面能概括整段内容,另一方面also与第二段的first of all对应。故选D项。
4.F　上文“The process can take weeks, months and even years to be fully realized. Once completed, we need to share it and find an audience and provide an environment to display our work.”提到了作品完成后会做的事情;下文“What if nobody likes what we created What if our vision isn’t what we thought though completed ”是对完成作品后可能出现的问题的假设,且都是一些消极的想法,F项(我们的大脑里总是充斥着消极的想法。)恰好与下文的消极设问对应。故选F项。
5.G　上文“Creating art is art in itself. It is really not as easy as many people think.”总结性地提到了艺术创作并不是那么容易;下文“It’s how we express ourselves and how we communicate with the rest of the world.”总结了艺术创作对从事艺术的人的意义,故中间同样需要一句总结性的话语,表明艺术创作的不易。G项(当事情不像预期那样发展时,需要时间、耐心和空间。)恰好总结了前面几段的内容,符合文意。故选G项。
Ⅶ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了艺术家徐悲鸿的生平以及他的艺术风格和成就。
1.which　考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词France,关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语,应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
2.artists　考查名词复数。“one of+可数名词复数”意为“……之一”。故填artists。
3.to put　考查非谓语动词。句型“It be/seems+名词/adj.+for sb to do sth.”意为“对于某人来说做某事是……”,it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语。故填to put。
4.and　考查连词。teaching at art schools和holding exhibitions of modern Chinese painting是并列关系,应用连词and连接。故填and。
5.Touched　考查非谓语动词。“…by the bad situation of…”作原因状语,touch(触动)用非谓语动词形式,与其逻辑主语Xu之间是被动关系,用过去分词表被动,单词位于句首,首字母大写。故填Touched。
6.its　考查代词。提示词修饰名词people,用形容词性物主代词its作定语。故填its。
7.living　考查非谓语动词。“… in mountainous Chongqing”作后置定语,live(生活在)用非谓语动词形式,与其逻辑主语those(那些人)之间是主动关系,应用现在分词表主动。故填living。
8.safety　考查名词。提示词作宾语,用名词safety,意为“安全”,不可数名词。故填safety。
9.is remembered　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,空处是句中的谓语动词,remember与主语Xu之间是被动关系,描述客观事实,应使用一般现在时,又因主语是单个人名,所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上,谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态,单数形式。故填is remembered。
10.the　考查冠词。此处特指徐悲鸿这位艺术家,用定冠词the修饰。故填the。Period Two　Lesson 1 Masterpieces(Reading)
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
①masterpiece n.杰作;代表作 ②starry adj.布满星星的 The Starry Night是荷兰后印象派画家文森特·凡·高的代表作之一,现藏于纽约现代艺术博物馆。 ③mentally adv.精神上;心理上 ④massive adj.巨大的 ⑤circle n.圆圈;圆形;环 ⑥hang v.挂;吊;垂下 ⑦beneath prep. & adv.在……(正)下方 ⑧unusual adj.特别的;不寻常的;独特的 ⑨lead sb to do sth 促使某人做某事;导致某人做某事 ⑩affect vt.影响 drug n.药物,药材 spot n.(圆)点;斑点;污渍 failure n.失败的事;失败 striking adj.惊人的;显著的 figure n.人像,人形;数字 fear n.害怕,惧怕;担忧 let out a scream发出尖叫声 viewer n.观看者;观众 against prep.以……为背景 burning adj.燃烧着的 MASTERPIECES① The Starry Night② was painted in June 1889 [1]when Vincent van Gogh was staying at a home for the mentally③ ill. Van Gogh painted [2]what he saw from his window—the night sky with clouds, stars and a moon. However, he didn’t just paint the clouds. He also painted the massive④ circles⑤ of white and yellow [3]racing across the sky. The stars and the moon hang⑥ bright in the night sky. Beneath⑦ this amazing sky, we see a sleeping village and a dark, lonely tree. [1]when引导定语从句,修饰June 1889。 [2]what引导宾语从句,作动词painted的宾语。 [3]画线部分为现在分词短语,在句中作定语,修饰名词词组circles of white and yellow。 His unusual⑧ use of colour has led experts to think⑨ [4]that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have affected⑩ his sense of sight. He also took a dru [5]that can make people see yellow spots, just like the stars in The Starry Night. [4]that引导宾语从句,作动词think的宾语,that可以省略。 [5]that引导定语从句,修饰名词drug。 Unfortunately, Van Gogh’s unique paintings weren’t very popular and he only sold one painting in his lifetime. He also thought The Starry Night was a failur. However, the fact remains [6]that The Starry Night is now one of the world’s most famous paintings. [6]that引导表语从句,that不作成分,不能省略。 The Scream was painted by Edvard Munch in 1893. [7]What makes it striking is [8]that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear—the figure’s mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful screa. The figure covers his or her ears and looks directly at the viewe. This figure is set on a bridge above a dark, stormy sea, and agains a burnin orange-red sky. [7]what引导主语从句。 [8]that引导表语从句。 杰作 　《星空》是文森特·凡·高于1889年6月在一家精神病院里创作的。凡·高画了他看到的窗外景象——有云、星星和月亮的夜空。然而,除了云之外,他还在天空中画了相互追逐的、巨大的白色和黄色圆圈。星星和月亮悬挂在夜空中熠熠生辉。在这片奇妙的夜空下,我们看到了一个沉睡的村庄和一棵黑暗孤独的树。 　凡·高对色彩的不寻常的运用使专家们认为他的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。他还服用过一种药物,这种药可以让人看到黄色斑点,就像《星空》中的星星那样。 　不幸的是,凡·高独特的画作在当时并不是很受欢迎,他有生之年只卖出了一幅画。他还认为《星空》是一幅失败的作品。而事实是现在《星空》是世界上最著名的画作之一。 　《呐喊》是爱德华·蒙克于1893年创作的作品。引人注目的是,画中展示了一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——这个人嘴巴大张,正发出强烈的尖叫声。这个人捂住了自己的耳朵,直直地看向观众。人物被设置在一座桥上,桥下是漆黑的、翻滚的海面,背景是燃烧的橙红色天空。
(续表)
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
inspire vt.赋予灵感,引起联想,启发思考;激励 set vi.落(下) be connected to 与……相关;与……连接 cause vt.导致,引起;使发生n.原因;事业 empire n.帝国;大企业 a series of 一系列,一连串 scene n.场景 mysterious adj.神秘的;难以解释的 visual adj.视觉的,视力的 reality n.现实,实际情况;事实 reaction n.反应 troubling adj.令人不安的;令人烦恼的 calming adj.令人镇静的 as for 至于 In his diary, Munch talked about [9]what inspired him. “I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun se; suddenly the sky turned as red as blood…I stood there shaking. Then I heard the scream of nature.” [9]what引导宾语从句,作介词about的宾语。 Many experts say that The Scream is connected t Munch’s mental health problems, [10]which caused him a lot of pain. [10]which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰Munch’s mental health problems。 The Empir of Light is among a series o paintings by Belgian artist René Magritte between 1953 and 1954. He painted the same scen 27 times. It shows a beautiful house [11]lit by lights from inside, [12]surrounded by the darkness of night. [13]What is strange is [14]that above the house and the tree, we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds. It seems like quite a mysteriou scene. [11]画线部分为过去分词短语,在句中作定语,修饰house。 [12]画线部分为过去分词短语,在句中作状语。 [13]what引导主语从句。 [14]that引导表语从句。 Magritte was a painter [15]inspired by his thoughts and ideas. His paintings were visua experiments as he tried to play with realit. His view was [16]that art should shock the viewers and challenge their sense of reality. [15]画线部分为过去分词短语,在句中作定语,修饰a painter。 [16]that引导表语从句。 The Empire of Light has produced different reaction in viewers. Some feel [17]that the paintings look dark and troubling. Others, however, find them calmin. As fo Magritte himself, he thought [18]that the change between day and night in the paintings was surprising. “I call this power: poetry,” he said. [17]that引导宾语从句,作动词feel的宾语,that可以省略。 [18]that引导宾语从句,作动词thought的宾语,that可以省略。 　蒙克在他的日记中谈到了灵感的来源,“太阳落山时,我和两个朋友一起走在路上,天空突然变得像血一样红……我站在那里颤抖着。然后我听到了大自然的呐喊。” 　许多专家说,《呐喊》与给蒙克带来许多痛苦的心理健康问题有关。 　《灯之王国》是比利时画家勒内·马格利特于1953年至1954年间创作的一系列绘画作品。同样的场景他画了27次。画中有一座美丽的房子,房子里充满了灯光,外面被夜晚的黑暗包围。奇怪的是,在房子和树木之上,我们看到明亮的日间的天空和柔软的白云。这个场景看起来非常神秘。 　马格利特是一个灵感来自个人的思想和想法的画家。他尝试戏谑现实,因此他的画作是一个个视觉实验。他认为艺术应该震撼观看者并挑战他们对现实的观感。 　《灯之王国》引起了观看者的不同反应。有些人觉得这些画看起来很黑暗,令人不安。而有些人则觉得这些画让人感到平静。至于马格利特本人,他认为画作中白天和黑夜之间的变化令人惊奇。他说:“我称之为诗意的力量。”
Step 1　Fast reading
Step 2　Careful reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
(　)1.What inspired Vincent van Gogh to paint The Starry Night
A.His love for a sleeping village.
B.His admiration for the moon.
C.The night sky with clouds, stars and a moon he saw from his window.
D.The dark, lonely tree beneath the sky.
(　)2.Why did many experts think Van Gogh’s mental illness affected his sense of sight
A.Because Van Gogh stayed at a home for his mental disease.
B.Because Van Gogh’s use of colour was unusual.
C.Because they thought The Starry Night was a failure.
D.Because Van Gogh painted unusually shaped clouds.
(　)3.What inspired Edvard Munch to paint The Scream
A.A thin figure.
B.The experience of walking with friends.
C.Mental health problems.
D.A dark, stormy sea.
(　)4.What is The Empire of Light
A.A painting by René Magritte featuring a beautiful house.
B.A beautiful house lit by lights from inside.
C.A daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.
D.A powerful scene.
(　)5.How did Magritte feel about the change between day and night in The Empire of Light
A.He found it calming.
B.He found it troubling.
C.He had no opinion on it.
D.He thought it was poetic.
Step 3　Summary
Read the text again and fill in the blanks.
Painted by Vincent van Gogh in 1889, The Starry Night shows the night sky with clouds, stars and a moon as well as the massive circles of white and yellow 1.　　　　　(race) across the sky. Beneath this amazing sky 2.　　　　(be) a sleeping village and a dark, lonely tree. Van Gogh was 3.　　　 　　(mental) ill at the time, 4.　　　　 might have affected his sense of sight and led to his unusual use of colour. Although The Starry Night is now among the world’s most famous paintings, in Van Gogh’s lifetime he even thought of it as 5.　　　　 failure.
Painted by Edvard Munch in 1893, The Scream shows a thin figure with his or her mouth wide open and letting out a 6.　　　　　　(power) scream. The figure 7.　　　　　　(set) on a bridge above a dark, stormy sea, and against a burning orange-red sky. Munch was inspired by what he experienced at sunset one day.
The Empire of Light is among a series of paintings painted by Belgian artist René Magritte between 1953 and 1954. It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside, 8.　　　　　　(surround) by the darkness of night. 9.　　　　 is strange is that above the house and the tree, we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.The Empire of Light has produced different 10.　　　　(reaction) in viewers. Magritte himself thought that the change between day and night in the paintings was surprising and he called this power: poetry.
1.figure　n.人像,人形;身材;数字;人物 v.计算;认为
(教材P8) a thin figure一个瘦弱的身影
(1)a key figure　　　　　　　一个关键人物
keep one’s figure 保持体形
(2)figure out 计算出;弄明白
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
①She does exercise every morning to keep her figure.　　　
②I saw the figure of a woman below the bridge.　　　　　
③Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large. 　　　　
④We figured that in twenty years each of us would have built a life and made our fortunes.　　　
⑤In 2019, she was selected by the BBC as one of the most influential figures of science in the 20th century along with Albert Einstein and Alan Mathison Turing.　　　　　
(2)完成句子
He tilted his head to the side and furrowed his eyebrows, trying to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他侧着头,皱着眉头,试图算出这道数学题。(读后续
写之动作描写)
2.affect　vt.影响
(教材P8) His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.
凡·高对色彩的不寻常的运用使专家们认为他的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。
(1)be affected by　　受……影响;被……打动/感动
be affected with 患上……(疾病)
(2)affection n. 喜爱,钟爱
have an affection for 喜欢……,深爱着……
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①　　　　　(affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery.
②Many young people 　　　　　　　　(affect) by his story and began to do volunteer work for the disabled.
③The poet expressed in this poem his deep and enduring 　　　　　　(affect) for his motherland.
(2)完成句子
Apparently, blindly following others’ advice　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
显然,盲目听从别人的意见会影响我们自己的判断。(读后续写之主题升华句) 　
3.spot　n.(圆)点;斑点;污渍;地点 vt.发现;认出
(教材P8) He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots, just like the stars in The Starry Night.
他还服用过一种药物,这种药可以让人看到黄色斑点,就像《星空》中的星星那样。
(1)on the spot/scene　在现场;当场
put sb on the spot (故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪
(2)be spotted with 满是……斑点
spot sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①On the bus, I spotted a man 　　　　　(steal) a wallet from a lady’s shoulder bag.
②Do you remember that beautiful spot 　　　　we took that picture
③Unfortunately, the car crashed into a bus on the bridge, and the driver was killed 　　　　　　the spot.
(2)一词多义
①Some of the spots on your trousers are hard to remove.　　　
②I read through the first page of the book and spotted a spelling mistake.　　　
③After a long day of hiking, they finally found a comfortable spot to set up their tent and rest for the night.　　　
(3)完成句子
①I looked around and finally 　　　　　　　　　off to the side by a fence.
我环顾四周,终于发现大卫独自站在围栏旁边。(读后续写之动作描写) 　
②The questions really 　　　　　　　　　, his face pale and his hands trembling slightly.
这个问题真的让他很难堪,他脸色苍白,双手微微颤抖。(读后续写之状态描写)
4.failure　n.失败的人(或事物);失败;故障;倒闭;未做,未履行(应做之事);歉收
(教材P8) He also thought The Starry Night was a failure.
他还认为《星空》是一幅失败的作品。
(1)end in failure　　以失败告终
(2)fail vi. 未做;未履行(某事);失灵;衰退;未能(做到)
　　　vt. 使失望;有负于;不及格
fail to do sth 没能做成某事
fail in (doing)… 在(做)……方面失败
[温馨提示] 作“失败”讲时,failure是抽象名词,不可数,但a failure却可表示“一个失败的人或一件失败的事”。有类似用法的名词还有beauty, danger, honour, pity, pleasure, success, surprise, difficulty等。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The 　　　　　　　(fail) was a big blow to him, but he wasn’t discouraged.
②He did very well, but failed 　　　　　　(break) the record.
③Though he is a success as a businessman, he is 　　　　failure as a father.
(2)一词多义
①The cause of the accident was given as engine failure.　　　
②After three years’ crop failures in a row, the people face starvation.　　　
(3)完成句子
①There is only one thing that makes a dream impossible to achieve: 　　　　　　　　　　.
只有一样东西可以阻止梦想实现:害怕失败。(读后
续写之主题升华句)
②Their attempt to climb Mount Qomolangma 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他们攀登珠穆朗玛峰的尝试以失败告终。
5.scream　n.尖叫,尖叫声 vi.& vt.高声喊出
(教材P9) What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear—the figure’s mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream.
引人注目的是,画中展示了一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——这个人嘴巴大张,正发出强烈的尖叫声。
(1)scream at sb　　　朝某人高声喊叫
scream with excitement/anger/delight/laughter
兴奋地/愤怒地/高兴地尖
叫/放声大笑
scream in horror/terror/fright/astonishment
惊恐地/惊讶地尖叫
scream with/in pain 痛苦地尖叫
scream for help 大声呼救,高喊救命
(2)let out a scream 发出尖叫声
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
I screamed 　　　　her and told her to stop trying to change my life.
(2)完成句子
①When she saw the spider crawling on her arm, she couldn’t help but 　　　　　　　　　　.
当她看到蜘蛛在她的手臂上爬时,她忍不住发出了一声尖叫。(读后续写之动作描写)
②Suddenly, she spotted a ship so she started a fire and 　　　　　　　　　.
突然,她发现了一艘船,于是她点起火,大声呼救。(读后续写之动作描写) 　
③On hearing the news, all the girls 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
一听到这个消息,所有的女孩都兴奋地尖叫起来。(读后续写之动作及心理描写) 　
④She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　when she saw a figure in the darkness.
当她看到黑暗中有一个人影时,她惊恐地尖叫起来。(读后续写之动作及心理描写) 　
6.scene　n.景色;场面,场景;现场
(教材P9) He painted the same scene 27 times.
同样的场景他画了27次。
on the scene/spot　　 　　在现场;当场
the scene of the accident/crime/etc.
事故/犯罪等的现场
behind the scenes 在后台;在幕后
【活学活用】
(1)选词填空:scene, scenery,sight,view
①From the top of the hill you can have a nice 　　　　of the whole city.
②We happened to be on the 　　　　　　when that traffic accident happened.
③The small village, which is located near the seaside, is famous for its beautiful 　　　　.
④When we went around the corner, the scene of the old men chatting came into 　　　　.
(2)完成句子
She was worried 　　　　　　　　　, fearing that her secret would be discovered.
她在幕后忧心忡忡,担心自己的秘密会被发现。(读后续写之心理描写) 　
7.reaction　n.反应
(教材P9) The Empire of Light has produced different reactions in viewers.
《灯之王国》引起了观看者的不同反应。
(1)reaction to　　　　 　对……的反应
in reaction to 作为对……的反应
(2)react v. 反应;起反应
react to 对……做出反应
react with 与……产生化学反应
react against 反对;反抗
[温馨提示] react to和reaction to中的to均为介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①On hearing what had happened, my immediate 　　　　　　(react) was one of shock.
②You can’t change what happened, but you can change how you react 　　　　it.
③The experiment shows how iron reacts 　　　　air and water.
④I never saved money and my parents always reacted 　　　　that.
(2)完成句子
The library expanded its opening hours 　　　　　　　the increasing demand for books.
为了应对日益增长的书籍需求,图书馆延长了开放时间。(应用文写作之报道)
1.(教材P8) His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.凡·高对色彩的不寻常的运用使专家们认为他的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。
情态动词+have done
句型公式　
【句式点拨】
(1)这是一个主从复合句,该句是由主句和that引导的宾语从句组成的。宾语从句中,谓语may have affected是“情态动词+have done”结构。
(2)英语里,“情态动词+have done”的具体用法如下:
①must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推测,意思是“过去一定做过……”,只用于肯定句中。如:
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下雨了,因为地面是湿的。
②may/might have done表示对过去情况的可能性推测,意思是“可能做了……”。might have done还可表示 “本来可以做某事而实际上没有做”,含有 “劝告,责备”的语气,用于肯定句中。
may/might not have done意为“过去可能没有做过……”,语气较弱,用于否定句中。如:
She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.
如果你给她更多的机会,她可能会取得更大的进步。
You might have been more careful.
你本来可以多加小心的。
I didn’t give my name because if I did I thought you might not have come.
我没有留下我的名字,因为如果我这么做的话,我想你可能就不会来了。
③can/could have done表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,意为“可能做过……吗 ”;could have done还可用于陈述句,表示过去本来有能力做成某事而事实上没能做成,含有遗憾的意味;注意can have done不能用于陈述句。如:
There is no light in the room. Can/Could they have gone out
屋内没有灯光,他们可能出去了吗
He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.
他本来可以通过考试的,但他太粗心了。
④can’t/couldn’t have done表示对过去情况的否定推测,意思是“不可能做了……”。如:
Mr Smith can’t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.
史密斯先生不可能去北京了,因为我刚才还在图书馆见过他。
⑤should/ought to have done表示过去本应该做某事而实际上没有做。如:
The work should have been finished yesterday.
这项工作昨天就应该完成了。
【活学活用】
完成句子
①He 　　　　　　　　　　some of those places.
那些地方他也许去过一些。
②He 　　　　　　　　　　you more help, even though he was very busy at the time.
他原本可以给予你更多的帮助,即便他当时很忙。
③From her knowledge of Douglas’ habits, she feels sure that the man she saw yesterday 　　　　　　　　　　　　him.
根据她对道格拉斯习惯的了解,她敢断定她昨天看到的那个人不可能是他。
④I’m terribly sorry. I didn’t hear the phone. I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
非常抱歉,我没听到电话。我一定是睡着了。
⑤You 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　before you opened the door.
你打开门之前本该先敲门的。
2.(教材P9) What is strange is that above the house and the tree, we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.奇怪的是,在房子和树木之上,我们看到明亮的日间的天空和柔软的白云。
what引导的名词性从句
句型公式　
【句式点拨】
(1)这是一个主从复合句,其中“What is strange…”是主语从句, what在从句中作主语;“…that above the house and the tree, we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.”是表语从句,that在从句中只起连接作用,不在从句中充当任何成分。
(2)what在引导名词性从句时不仅起连接作用,而且在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分。如:
What you have done might do harm to others. (what在主语从句中作done的宾语)
你所做的事可能会伤害到别人。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①　　　　 we are badly in need of is your support.
②Before the sales start, I make a list of 　　　　my kids will need for the coming season.
③This is 　　　　　I want to tell you before you graduate.
(2)完成句子
　　　　　　　　　　　　 was that so many great works of art were housed in the same museum.
最令我们惊奇的是,在同一家博物馆里竟然收藏了如此多的伟大的艺术品。(话题写作之艺术欣赏)Period Two　Lesson 1 Masterpieces(Reading)
●Ⅰ 单词拼写
1.You can see many 　　　　　　(杰作) of Chinese calligraphy in this exhibition .
2.Scholars have spent years studying the culture and history of the ancient 　　　　(帝国).
3.The 　　　　　(人像) in the painting is dressed in traditional costume , reflecting the era’s cultural characteristics.
4.The 　　　　(景色) of the sunset over the ocean is really beautiful.
5.The artist skilfully employed different shades to create a unique 　　　　(视觉的) effect in his painting.
6.The earthquake caused 　　　　(巨大的) damage to the city, leaving thousands of homes destroyed.
7.The 　　　　　　(观看者) were moved to tears by the emotional performance of the performers .　
8.B　　　　　 the surface of the lake, fish swam freely in the clear water.
9.The s　　　　　 on the costume were difficult to remove, but she managed to clean them up.
10.The patient needs to take the d　　　　 monthly to maintain the desired effect.
●Ⅱ 单句填空
1.You can ask some professionals for advice if you want to stay physically and 　　　　(mental) healthy.
2.The band’s performance received an enthusiastic 　　　　　　(react) from the crowd, who were clearly enjoying the music.
3.She noticed a 　　　　　　(burn) smell coming from the kitchen and quickly realized that the pot on the stove had caught fire.
4.His recent performance was a 　　　　(fail), leaving many to question his abilities.
5.The 　　　　　　(mystery) noises in the old house kept them awake all night.
6.The success of their previous tour caused the performers 　　　　(raise) their expectations for their next one.
7.The 　　　　　(star) night sky created a romantic atmosphere for their outdoor dinner.
8.The children were running through the park, 　　　　(scream) with excitement as they chased each other.
9.The lighting at the exhibition created a magical atmosphere , 　　　　(affect) the mood of the visitors.
10.Despite being written by different authors, the two novels share 　　　　　(strike) similarities.
●Ⅲ 短语填空
1.Life is 　　　　(就像) a long journey, in which we all have a part to play.
2.I was so scared when I saw the spider that I couldn’t help but 　　　　　　　　(发出尖叫声).
3.The artist developed the tradition of combining poetry with painting 　　　　　　(在他有生之年).
4.Frank was uncertain 　　　　　　(关于) whether it was the right job for him.
5.These appliances should not 　　　　　　　　　　　(与……连接) power supplies.
6.The villager, who happened to be 　　　　(在现场), told the police what he had seen with his own eyes.
●Ⅳ 句型训练
1.Judging from his worried face, we knew that he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(情态动词+have done)
从他忧虑的表情来看,我们知道他一定遇到了一些麻烦。
2.　　　　　　　　　, the child felt lonely and afraid.(非谓语作状语)
被独自留在家中,那个孩子感到孤独和害怕。
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 during my trip to Beijing was the snow of the Forbidden City.(主语从句)
北京之行最令我印象深刻的是故宫的雪。
4.It might not be your intention but the fact remains 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(表语从句)
这可能不是你的本意,但事实仍是你的话伤害了他。
5.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　through country lanes crying “yeah, yeah, yeah” at the top of his voice yesterday afternoon.(see+宾语+宾补)
昨天下午我看到他骑着他的自行车穿过乡间小路,声嘶力竭地呼喊着“耶,耶,耶”。
●Ⅴ 完形填空
At school, art class is fun. We 　1　 with different techniques and generally get creative. However, a field trip to an art gallery is often 　2　. Last year my art teacher organized a trip to an art exhibition. The gallery was full of older people, who obviously didn’t want to be with 　3　 students. We all got 　4　 and couldn’t stop chatting. Our teacher was getting 　5　 and kept telling us to be quiet.
The next day we complained to our teacher about the 　6　 of activities for teens at art galleries. She 　7　 that a visit should be both educational and fun. That’s when I decided to go online and look for art galleries that have special 　8　 for teens. Eventually, I 　9　 to find a huge range of activities and proposed some to my teacher.
I also used the 　10　 to learn about artists. Recently, I found a contemporary artist called Martin Bailey. I’ve 　11　 seen artists who combine different techniques, but Bailey is totally different. He does unique illustrations with 　12　 household objects such as umbrellas, headphones and even cookies. His art is simple, but it makes you see things 　13　. For example, he notices that a flower is similar to a mop(拖把) and puts this 　14　 into life by drawing a little man with a real flower mop. It’s really 　15　! I hope I’ll be able to go to an exhibition of his work in the future.
(　)1.A.deal　　　　　　B.start
C.struggle D.experiment
(　)2.A.disappointing B.challenging
C.uplifting D.interesting
(　)3.A.noisy B.careless
C.attentive D.creative
(　)4.A.annoyed B.bored
C.lost D.worried
(　)5.A.weak B.sensitive
C.stressed D.tired
(　)6.A.lack B.theme
C.result D.schedule
(　)7.A.announced B.demanded
C.suggested D.agreed
(　)8.A.gifts B.prices
C.paintings D.events
(　)9.A.happened B.determined
C.managed D.expected
(　)10.A.activity B.Internet
C.trip D.exhibition
(　)11.A.already B.never
C.merely D.obviously
(　)12.A.useful B.fancy
C.suitable D.ordinary
(　)13.A.clearly B.directly
C.differently D.critically
(　)14.A.design B.idea
C.plant D.tool
(　)15.A.massive B.entertaining
C.strange D.practical
●Ⅵ 阅读七选五
Have you ever gone to a museum or a show and been completely blown away by a piece If you haven’t, go out and get cultured. I’m a student at the College of Visual and Performing Arts where we create all kinds of art every day. 1.　　　　 But I don’t think those people truly know the difficulties and struggles in the process of making art.
First of all, we need to be inspired. You may think that’s easy. In fact, anything can serve as a concept of a work of art. 2.　　　　 Sometimes we will need people, volunteers and bodies to do so and finding willing people to work is hard. Other times we have a clear idea of what we want but we don’t know how to make other people fully understand what we’re trying to get at.
3.　　　　 We need a space to be able to be creative and that can be tricky to acquire. Sometimes we need art supplies or certain equipment and costumes and that can cost money. Even if we do acquire what we need, visions change and mistakes happen so we might not end up using the resources.
The process can take weeks, months and even years to be fully realized. Once completed, we need to share it and find an audience and provide an environment to display our work. 4.　　　　 What if nobody likes what we created What if our vision isn’t what we thought though completed
Creating art is art in itself. It is really not as easy as many people think. 5.　　　　 It’s how we express ourselves and how we communicate with the rest of the world.
A.Outsiders think our jobs easy.
B.We should be quiet and creative.
C.We might choose other fields as well.
D.Resources are also a huge factor in making art.　
E.The hard part comes when we put our ideas into reality.
F.And the negative thoughts love to overpower our minds.
G.It takes time, patience and space when things don’t go as expected.
●Ⅶ 语法填空
When Xu Beihong (1895—1953) returned to his home country in 1927, the painter had lived and studied art in Europe for nearly ten years, primarily in France, 1.　　　　　 has long been known as the “land of art”.
One of the earliest Chinese 2.　　　　　(artist) to study fine arts in Europe, Xu was well-received in art and education communities back home. It then seemed a natural choice for him 3.　　　　(put) his time and effort into teaching at art schools 4.　　　　　 holding exhibitions of modern Chinese painting.
5.　　　　(touch) by the bad situation of his country and 6.　　　　(it) people at that time, Xu spoke for the serious condition of the people through painting. The subjects in his works included those 7.　　　　　(live) in mountainous Chongqing who had to go up and down to get water, boatmen working on the Yangtze River and women praying (祈祷) for the 8.　　　　(safe) of husbands who worked far away from home.
For those in the art community, Xu 9.　　　　　　　　　(remember) mostly for blending (融合) Eastern and Western styles and doing a great job on the higher education of fine arts in China. While for common people, 10.　　　　 artist is best known for showing the true life of those grassroots. (共70张PPT)
课前自主探究
语言知识梳理
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
①masterpiece n.杰作;代表作 ②starry adj.布 满星星的 The Starry Night是荷兰后 印象派画家文森 特·凡·高的代表 作之一,现藏于 纽约现代艺术博 物馆。 ③mentally adv. 精神上;心理上 杰作
《星空》是文森
特·凡·高于1889年6月
在一家精神病院里创
作的。凡·高画了他看
到的窗外景象——有
云、星星和月亮的夜
空。然而,除了云之
外,
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
④massive adj. 巨大的 ⑤circle n.圆圈; 圆形;环 ⑥hang v.挂;吊; 垂下 ⑦beneath prep. & adv. 在……(正)下方 他还在天空中画了相
互追逐的、巨大的白
色和黄色圆圈。星星
和月亮悬挂在夜空中
熠熠生辉。在这片奇
妙的夜空下,我们看到
了一个沉睡的村庄和
一棵黑暗孤独的树。
续表
. .
. .
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
［1］when引导定语从句,修饰 June 1889。 ［2］what引导宾语从句,作动词 painted的宾语。 ［3］画线部分为现在分词短语, 在句中作定语,修饰名词词组 circles of white and yellow。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
⑧unusual adj. 特别的;不寻常 的;独特的 ⑨lead sb to do sth 促使某 人做某事;导致 某人做某事 ⑩affect vt.影响 drug n.药物, 药材 spot n.(圆)点; 斑点;污渍 凡·高对色彩的不
寻常的运用使专家们
认为他的精神疾病可
能影响了他的视觉。
他还服用过一种药物,
这种药可以让人看到
黄色斑点,就像《星
空》中的星星那样。
续表
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
［4］that引导宾语从句,作动词 think的宾语,that可以省略。 ［5］that引导定语从句,修饰名 词drug。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
failure n.失败 的事;失败 不幸的是,凡·高
独特的画作在当时并
不是很受欢迎,他有生
之年只卖出了一幅
画。他还认为《星
空》是一幅失败的作
品。而事实是现在
《星空》是世界上最
著名的画作之一。
续表
. .
. .
. .
. .
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
striking adj. 惊人的;显著的 figure n.人像, 人形;数字 fear n.害怕， 惧怕;担忧 let out a scream发出尖叫 声 viewer n.观 看者;观众 《呐喊》是爱德
华·蒙克于1893年创作
的作品。引人注目的
是,画中展示了一个表
情恐惧的瘦弱身影—
—这个人嘴巴大张,正
发出强烈的尖叫声。
这个人捂住了自己的
耳朵,直直地看向观
众。
续表
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
against prep. 以……为背景 burning adj. 燃烧着的 人物被设置在一座桥
上,桥下是漆黑的、翻
滚的海面,背景是燃烧
的橙红色天空。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
inspire vt.赋 予灵感，引起联 想，启发思考; 激励 set vi.落(下) 蒙克在他的日记
中谈到了灵感的来
源,“太阳落山时,我和
两个朋友一起走在路
上,天空突然变得像血
一样红……我站在那
里颤抖着。然后我听
到了大自然的呐喊。”
续表
. .
. .
. .
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
be connected to 与……相关; 与……连接 cause vt.导致, 引起;使发生n.原 因;事业 许多专家说,《呐喊》
与给蒙克带来许多痛
苦的心理健康问题有
关。
续表
. .
. .
. .
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
empire n.帝 国;大企业 a series of 一系列,一连串 scene n.场景 《灯之王国》是
比利时画家勒内·马格
利特于1953年至1954
年间创作的一系列绘
画作品。同样的场景
他画了27次。画中有
一座美丽的房子,房子
里充满了灯光,外面被
夜晚的黑暗包围。
续表
. .
. .
. .
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
mysterious adj.神秘的;难以 解释的 奇怪的是,在房子和树
木之上,我们看到明亮
的日间的天空和柔软
的白云。这个场景看
起来非常神秘。
续表
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
［11］画线部分为过去分词短 语,在句中作定语,修饰house。 ［12］画线部分为过去分词短 语,在句中作状语。 ［13］what引导主语从句。 ［14］that引导表语从句。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
visual adj.视 觉的,视力的 reality n.现实, 实际情况;事实 马格利特是一个灵感
来自个人的思想和想
法的画家。他尝试戏
谑现实,因此他的画作
是一个个视觉实验。
他认为艺术应该震撼
观看者并挑战他们对
现实的观感。
续表
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
［15］画线部分为过去分词短 语,在句中作定语,修饰a painter。 ［16］that引导表语从句。
续表
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
reaction n.反 应 troubling adj. 令人不安的;令 人烦恼的 calming adj. 令人镇静的 《灯之王国》引起了
观看者的不同反应。
有些人觉得这些画看
起来很黑暗,令人不
安。而有些人则觉得
这些画让人感到平
静。
续表
. .
. .
词汇助读 课文 翻译助读
as for 至于 至于马格利特本人,他
认为画作中白天和黑
夜之间的变化令人惊
奇。他说:“我称之为
诗意的力量。”
续表
. .
. .
. .
. .
Step 1 Fast reading
mental illness
popular/
successful
fear
mysterious
Step 2 Careful reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
( ) 1.What inspired Vincent van Gogh to paint The Starry
Night
A.His love for a sleeping village.
B.His admiration for the moon.
C.The night sky with clouds, stars and a moon he saw from his
window.
D.The dark, lonely tree beneath the sky.
√
( ) 2.Why did many experts think Van Gogh's mental illness
affected his sense of sight
A.Because Van Gogh stayed at a home for his mental disease.
B.Because Van Gogh's use of colour was unusual.
C.Because they thought The Starry Night was a failure.
D.Because Van Gogh painted unusually shaped clouds.
√
( ) 3.What inspired Edvard Munch to paint The Scream
A.A thin figure.
B.The experience of walking with friends.
C.Mental health problems.
D.A dark, stormy sea.
√
( ) 4.What is The Empire of Light
A.A painting by René Magritte featuring a beautiful house.
B.A beautiful house lit by lights from inside.
C.A daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.
D.A powerful scene.
( ) 5.How did Magritte feel about the change between day
and night in The Empire of Light
A.He found it calming. B.He found it troubling.
C.He had no opinion on it. D.He thought it was poetic.
√
√
Step 3 Summary
Read the text again and fill in the blanks.
Painted by Vincent van Gogh in 1889, The Starry Night
shows the night sky with clouds, stars and a moon as well as
the massive circles of white and yellow 1._______(race) across
the sky. Beneath this amazing sky 2.____(be) a sleeping village
and a dark, lonely tree. Van Gogh was 3._________(mental) ill at
the time, 4._______ might have affected his sense of sight and
led to his unusual use of colour. Although The Starry Night is
racing
are
mentally
which
now among the world's most famous paintings, in Van Gogh's
lifetime he even thought of it as 5.___ failure.
Painted by Edvard Munch in 1893, The Scream shows a
thin figure with his or her mouth wide open and letting out a
6._________(power) scream. The figure 7.______(set) on a bridge
above a dark, stormy sea, and against a burning orange-red sky.
Munch was inspired by what he experienced at sunset one day.
The Empire of Light is among a series of paintings painted
by Belgian artist René Magritte between 1953 and 1954. It
a
powerful
is set
shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside, 8.____________
(surround) by the darkness of night. 9.______ is strange is that
above the house and the tree, we see a daytime sky full of
brightness and soft white clouds.The Empire of Light has produced
different 10._________(reaction) in viewers. Magritte himself thought
that the change between day and night in the paintings was
surprising and he called this power: poetry.
surrounded
What
reactions
1.figure n.人像,人形;身材;数字；人物 v.计算;认为
(教材P8) a thin figure一个瘦弱的身影
(1)a key figure 一个关键人物
keep one's figure保持体形
(2)figure out计算出;弄明白
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
①She does exercise every morning to keep her figure._______
②I saw the figure of a woman below the bridge._______
n.身材
n.身影
③Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current
figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at
large._______
n.数字
④We figured that in twenty years each of us would have built
a life and made our fortunes._______
v.认为
⑤In 2019, she was selected by the BBC as one of the most
influential figures of science in the 20th century along with
Albert Einstein and Alan Mathison Turing._______
n.人物
(2)完成句子
He tilted his head to the side and furrowed his eyebrows, trying
to _____________________________.
他侧着头，皱着眉头，试图算出这道数学题。(读后续写之动作描写)
figure out the maths problem
2.affect vt.影响
(教材P8) His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that
Van Gogh's mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.
凡·高对色彩的不寻常的运用使专家们认为他的精神疾病可能影响了
他的视觉。
(1)be affected by 受……影响;被……打动/感动
be affected with患上……(疾病)
(2)affection n.喜爱,钟爱
have an affection for喜欢……,深爱着……
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①_________(affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer
able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of
recovery.
Affected
②Many young people ______________(affect) by his story and
began to do volunteer work for the disabled.
③The poet expressed in this poem his deep and enduring
_________(affect) for his motherland.
were affected
affection
(2)完成句子
Apparently, blindly following others' advice____________________
__________.
显然,盲目听从别人的意见会影响我们自己的判断。(读后续写之主题
升华句)
will affect our own judgement
3.spot n.(圆)点;斑点;污渍;地点 vt.发现;认出
(教材P8) He also took a drug that can make people see yellow
spots, just like the stars in The Starry Night.
他还服用过一种药物,这种药可以让人看到黄色斑点,就像《星空》中
的星星那样。
(1)on the spot/scene 在现场;当场
put sb on the spot(故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪
(2)be spotted with满是……斑点
spot sb doing sth看到某人正在做某事
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①On the bus, I spotted a man ________(steal) a wallet from a
lady's shoulder bag.
②Do you remember that beautiful spot _______ we took that
picture
③Unfortunately, the car crashed into a bus on the bridge, and
the driver was killed ____ the spot.
stealing
where
on
(2)一词多义
①Some of the spots on your trousers are hard to
remove._______
②I read through the first page of the book and spotted a
spelling mistake.______________
③After a long day of hiking, they finally found a comfortable
spot to set up their tent and rest for the night._______
n.污渍
vt.发现,注意到
n.地点
(3)完成句子
①I looked around and finally _______________________________
_______ off to the side by a fence.
我环顾四周，终于发现大卫独自站在围栏旁边。(读后续写之动作描写)
spotted David standing by himself
②The questions really _____________________, his face pale and
his hands trembling slightly.
这个问题真的让他很难堪，他脸色苍白，双手微微颤抖。
(读后续写之状态描写)
put him on the spot
4.failure n.失败的人(或事物);失败;故障;倒闭;未做,未履行(应做之事);
歉收
(教材P8) He also thought The Starry Night was a failure.
他还认为《星空》是一幅失败的作品。
(1)end in failure 以失败告终
(2)fail vi.未做;未履行(某事);失灵;衰退;未能(做到)
vt.使失望;有负于;不及格
fail to do sth没能做成某事
fail in (doing)…在(做)……方面失败
［温馨提示］作“失败”讲时,failure是抽象名词,不可数,但a failure却可
表示“一个失败的人或一件失败的事”。有类似用法的名词还有beauty,
danger, honour, pity, pleasure, success, surprise, difficulty等。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The _______(fail) was a big blow to him, but he wasn't
discouraged.
②He did very well, but failed _________(break) the record.
③Though he is a success as a businessman, he is ___ failure as
a father.
failure
to break
a
(2)一词多义
①The cause of the accident was given as engine failure._______
②After three years' crop failures in a row, the people face
starvation._______
n.故障
n.歉收
(3)完成句子
①There is only one thing that makes a dream impossible to
achieve: __________________.
只有一样东西可以阻止梦想实现:害怕失败。(读后续写之主题升华句)
the fear of failure
②Their attempt to climb Mount Qomolangma ________________.
他们攀登珠穆朗玛峰的尝试以失败告终。
ended in failure
5.scream n.尖叫,尖叫声 vi.& vt.高声喊出
(教材P9) What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure
with an expression of fear—the figure's mouth is wide open and
letting out a powerful scream.
引人注目的是,画中展示了一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——这个人嘴巴
大张,正发出强烈的尖叫声。
(1)scream at sb 朝某人高声喊叫
scream with excitement/anger/delight/laughter兴奋地/愤怒地/高兴
地尖叫/放声大笑
scream in horror/terror/fright/astonishment惊恐地/惊讶地尖叫
scream with/in pain痛苦地尖叫
scream for help大声呼救,高喊救命
(2)let out a scream发出尖叫声
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
I screamed ___ her and told her to stop trying to change my
life.
at
(2)完成句子
①When she saw the spider crawling on her arm, she couldn't
help but _________________.
当她看到蜘蛛在她的手臂上爬时,她忍不住发出了一声尖叫。
(读后续写之动作描写)
let out a scream
②Suddenly, she spotted a ship so she started a fire and
__________________.
突然,她发现了一艘船,于是她点起火,大声呼救。(读后续写之动作描写)
screamed for help
③On hearing the news, all the girls _________________________.
一听到这个消息,所有的女孩都兴奋地尖叫起来。(读后续写之动作及
心理描写)
screamed with excitement
④She ______________________________ when she saw a figure
in the darkness.
当她看到黑暗中有一个人影时,她惊恐地尖叫起来。(读后续写之动作
及心理描写)
screamed in horror/terror/fright
6.scene n.景色;场面,场景;现场
(教材P9) He painted the same scene 27 times.
同样的场景他画了27次。
on the scene/spot 在现场;当场
the scene of the accident/crime/etc.
事故/犯罪等的现场
behind the scenes在后台;在幕后
【活学活用】
(1)选词填空:scene, scenery,sight,view
①From the top of the hill you can have a nice ______ of the
whole city.
②We happened to be on the _______ when that traffic
accident happened.
③The small village, which is located near the seaside, is famous
for its beautiful ________.
④When we went around the corner, the scene of the old men
chatting came into ______.
view
scene
scenery
sight
(2)完成句子
She was worried __________________, fearing that her secret
would be discovered.
她在幕后忧心忡忡，担心自己的秘密会被发现。(读后续写之心理描写)
behind the scenes
7.reaction n.反应
(教材P9) The Empire of Light has produced different reactions
in viewers.
《灯之王国》引起了观看者的不同反应。
(1)reaction to 对……的反应
in reaction to作为对……的反应
(2)react v.反应;起反应
react to对……做出反应
react with与……产生化学反应
react against反对;反抗
［温馨提示］react to和reaction to中的to均为介词, 后接名词、代
词或动名词。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①On hearing what had happened, my immediate
_________(react) was one of shock.
②You can't change what happened, but you can change how
you react ____ it.
③The experiment shows how iron reacts _____ air and water.
④I never saved money and my parents always reacted ________
that.
reaction
to
with
against
(2)完成句子
The library expanded its opening hours ______________ the
increasing demand for books.
为了应对日益增长的书籍需求，图书馆延长了开放时间。
(应用文写作之报道)
in reaction to
1.(教材P8) His unusual use of colour has led experts to think
that Van Gogh's mental illness may have affected his sense
of sight.凡·高对色彩的不寻常的运用使专家们认为他的精神疾病可
能影响了他的视觉。
句型公式
情态动词+have done
【句式点拨】
(1)这是一个主从复合句,该句是由主句和that引导的宾语从句组成的。
宾语从句中,谓语may have affected是“情态动词+have done”结构。
(2)英语里,“情态动词+have done”的具体用法如下:
①must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推测,意思是“过去一定做
过……”,只用于肯定句中。如:
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚一定下雨了,因为地面是湿的。
②may/might have done表示对过去情况的可能性推测,意思是“可能
做了……”。might have done还可表示 “本来可以做某事而实际上
没有做”，含有 “劝告，责备”的语气，用于肯定句中。
may/might not have done意为“过去可能没有做过……”，语气较弱，
用于否定句中。如:
She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given
her more chances.
如果你给她更多的机会,她可能会取得更大的进步。
You might have been more careful.
你本来可以多加小心的。
I didn't give my name because if I did I thought you might
not have come.
我没有留下我的名字，因为如果我这么做的话，我想你可能就不会
来了。
③can/could have done表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,意为“可
能做过……吗 ”;could have done还可用于陈述句,表示过去本来有
能力做成某事而事实上没能做成,含有遗憾的意味;注意can have
done不能用于陈述句。如:
There is no light in the room. Can/Could they have gone out
屋内没有灯光,他们可能出去了吗
He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.
他本来可以通过考试的,但他太粗心了。
④can't/couldn't have done表示对过去情况的否定推测,意思是“不可
能做了……”。如:
Mr Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the
library just now.
史密斯先生不可能去北京了,因为我刚才还在图书馆见过他。
⑤should/ought to have done表示过去本应该做某事而实际上没有
做。如:
The work should have been finished yesterday.
这项工作昨天就应该完成了。
【活学活用】
完成句子
①He ________________________ some of those places.
那些地方他也许去过一些。
may/might have been to
②He ___________________ you more help, even though he was
very busy at the time.
他原本可以给予你更多的帮助,即便他当时很忙。
could have offered
③From her knowledge of Douglas' habits, she feels sure that
the man she saw yesterday ________________________ him.
根据她对道格拉斯习惯的了解,她敢断定她昨天看到的那个人不可能
是他。
can't/couldn't have been
④I'm terribly sorry. I didn't hear the phone. I ________________
_______.
非常抱歉,我没听到电话。我一定是睡着了。
must have fallen asleep
⑤You _____________________________ before you opened the
door.
你打开门之前本该先敲门的。
should/ought to have knocked
2.(教材P9) What is strange is that above the house and the
tree, we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white
clouds.奇怪的是,在房子和树木之上,我们看到明亮的日间的天空和柔
软的白云。
句型公式
what引导的名词性从句
【句式点拨】
(1)这是一个主从复合句,其中“What is strange…”是主语从句, what在
从句中作主语;“…that above the house and the tree, we see a
daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.”是表语从
句,that在从句中只起连接作用,不在从句中充当任何成分。
(2)what在引导名词性从句时不仅起连接作用,而且在从句中充当主语、
宾语等成分。如:
What you have done might do harm to others. (what在主语从
句中作done的宾语)
你所做的事可能会伤害到别人。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①______ we are badly in need of is your support.
②Before the sales start, I make a list of ______ my kids will
need for the coming season.
③This is ______ I want to tell you before you graduate.
What
what
what
(2)完成句子
______________________ was that so many great works of art
were housed in the same museum.
最令我们惊奇的是,在同一家博物馆里竟然收藏了如此多的伟大的艺
术品。(话题写作之艺术欣赏)
What amazed us most

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