资源简介

单元小测(Unit 8)
Ⅰ.1.determined　2.agricultural　3.involved　4.global
5.slimmer　6.organisation　7.caused　8.to
Ⅱ.1.do my part for　2.make my dream come true　3.work through　4.take action　5.To sum up　6.cut back on
7.take part in　8.come up with
Ⅲ.1.because of her passion for her career　2.leaving your muscles relaxed　3.to be held next Friday　4.where we often compete with others
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了海龟保护志愿者Chamara Indika在中国YIK国际志愿者组织创始人的帮助下,成立了Nil Manel基金会,为保护海龟做出努力。
1.C　根据下文“He gave his spare time to raise…of caring for sea turtles and carried out sea turtle protection and rescue missions.”可知,此处表示海龟面临巨大的挑战。故选C。opportunity机会;possibility可能性;challenge挑战;demand需求。
2.B　根据下文“…he…himself to the protection of sea turtles as a volunteer.”可知,他致力于保护海龟,所以这里是指他对海龟的状况很担忧。故选B。confused困惑的;worried担忧的;confident自信的;embarrassed尴尬的。
3.D　根据下文“He gave his spare time to raise…of caring for sea turtles and carried out sea turtle protection and rescue missions.”可知,此处表示他致力于保护海龟。故选D。encourage鼓励;support支持;donate捐献;commit致力于。
4.A　根据下文of caring for sea turtles以及语境可知,此处表示提高人们关爱海龟的意识。故选A。awareness意识;importance重要性;concern担忧;request要求。
5.C 根据下文“One person’s abilities are very…and I wanted to make real changes…”可知,Indika想要做出真正的改变,所以此处表示他认为之前的做法不是一个长期的解决方法。故选C。 idea想法;progress进步;solution解决方法;design设计。
6.B　根据下文“…and I wanted to make real changes…”以及“With his assistance, Indika set up the Nil Manel Foundation in Sri Lanka.”可知,此处表示他认为一个人的能力非常有限。故选B。unique独特的;limited有限的;disappointing令人失望的;valuable珍贵的。
7.A　根据下文“…reached out to Indika and offered his help to protect sea turtles.”并分析选项可知,此处表示一次偶然的机会,中国YIK国际志愿者组织(YIKIV)的创始人向Indika伸出援手。故选A。by chance偶然地;on purpose故意地;in all总计;by far到目前为止。
8.B　根据下文“…professional training and guidance for the volunteers, spreads knowledge of turtles and carries out conservation activities.”可知,此处表示组织为志愿者提供培训和指导,provide sth for sb表示“为某人提供某物”。故选B。cater迎合;provide提供;offer提供;supply供应。
9.A　根据上文“At first, the volunteers’ main job was to rescue and care for…”以及语境可知,受伤的海龟才需要被救助,所以此处表示救助受伤的海龟。故选A。injured受伤的;old老的;weak虚弱的;abandoned被抛弃的。
10.C　根据上文“Then they found people and animals eat turtle eggs on the beach.”以及下文“…eggs to a protection centre with artificial cultivation.”可知,此处表示志愿者们把海龟蛋从海滩移动到保护中心。故选C。pick摘;collect收集;move移动;pull拉。
11.A　根据上文“So volunteers started…eggs to a protection centre with artificial cultivation.”可知,志愿者们把海龟蛋从海滩移动到保护中心,这就防止了海龟蛋被吃掉,从而确保了海龟更高的存活率。故选A。ensure确保;foresee预见;suggest建议;indicate表明。
12.B　根据下文“…to use straws and plastic bags which cause many turtles to die accidentally.”可知,吸管和塑料袋导致许多海龟意外死亡,所以志愿者们拒绝使用它们。故选B。 tend往往会;refuse拒绝;hesitate犹豫;struggle挣扎。
13.C　根据上文“Thanks to their efforts, the survival rate of newborn turtles has reached new highs, and conservation awareness has also increased. Many volunteers now…to use straws and plastic bags which cause many turtles to die accidentally.”可知,海龟的存活率上升了,人们对于海龟的保护意识也在增加,所以他会觉得所有的努力得到了回报。故选C。give out分发;put away储存;pay off获得回报;draw back退却。
14.C　根据下文“…this knowledge down to future generations…”可知,此处表示把知识传给下一代,pass down意为“传递下去”。故选C。explain解释;send发送;pass传递;put放。
15.C　根据上文“It made me feel that all my work had…”可知,此处表示Indika感觉自己的努力得到了回报,相信他们会给海龟带来改变,make a difference to意为“使……产生变化”。故选C。shelter避难所;achievement成就;difference不同;breakthrough突破。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。人们对于气候变暖与哺乳动物体型之间的关系有不同的观点。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段内容,第三段“He compared the potential situation of people as similar to that of early horses, which became smaller in body size as temperatures rose around 55 million years ago, a period called the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum.”和第四段“The reasons are not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their size than bigger animals and can thus better get rid of extra heat…”可知,早期的马体型变小是为了保持凉爽。故选A。
2.A　词义猜测题。根据第一段“The climate crisis may lead the human race to decrease in size, as mammals (哺乳动物) with smaller bodies appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures, a leading fossil expert said.”和画线词所在句“…but it seems to be a common survival trick of mammals when temperatures spike pretty quickly…”可知,在温度快速升高的地区,动物体型会变小,这是它们应对气候变化的生存技巧,故spike意为“升高”。故选A。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第四段“‘The reasons are not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their size than bigger animals and can thus better get rid of extra heat,’ he writes.”可知,Brusatte最可能同意的观点是较小的动物有较大的表面积,所以它们的体温能很快降下来。故选C。
4.C　主旨大意题。根据第一段“The climate crisis may lead the human race to decrease in size, as mammals (哺乳动物) with smaller bodies appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures, a leading fossil expert said.”并结合文章大意可知,C选项“气候变化导致体型变化”最适合当文章标题。故选C。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们如何才能成为环保的、有道德的游客。
1.increasingly　考查副词。副词increasingly修饰形容词popular。故填increasingly。
2.making　考查非谓语动词。设空处与increasing并列作结果状语,用现在分词形式,故填making。
3.an　考查冠词。设空处修饰可数名词manner,表示泛指,应用不定冠词修饰,空后的environmentally以元音音素开头,故填an。
4.has　考查动词时态和主谓一致。设空处是主句谓语,此处陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,getting to a tourist destination by airplane作主语,谓语要用单数形式,故填has。
5.practical　考查形容词。设空处接在be动词之后应用形容词作表语,故填practical。
6.washed　考查非谓语动词。设空处作宾语补足语,our bedding and towels与动词wash之间为逻辑上的被动关系,设空处填过去分词,短语have sth done表示“让某事被做”,故填washed。
7.be required　考查动词语态。设空处接在情态动词后,应用动词原形,从句主语a strict dress code和动词require之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填be required。
8.permission　考查名词。设空处接在介词for后作宾语,应用名词形式permission,不可数名词,故填permission。
9.who　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the local people,指人,在从句中作主语,关系代词为who。故填who。
10.In　考查介词。in summary“总之”。置于句首,首字母大写。故填In。●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.Difficult as the task was, her 　　　　　(determine) expression let me know that she would not give up.
2.All people around the world have a deep admiration for his great contributions to 　　　　(agriculture) development.
3.All the four young men 　　　　(involve) in the murder have been arrested.
4.With 　　　　(globe) warming becoming more and more serious, it won’t be long before some coastal cities disappear .
5.One will find himself 　　　　(slim) than before if he succeeds in giving up taking much sugar and fat.
6.The 　　　　　(organise) was established to inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community.
7.On 20 December, a series of huge waves 　　　　(cause)by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.
8.It suddenly occurred 　　　　　me that another opportunity was knocking.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.I try to 　　　　　　　(为……尽自己所能) the environment by recycling and reducing my use of single-use plastics.
2.I have been dreaming of going into Peking University and I will study hard to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　(使我的梦想成真).
3.The actors had to 　　　　　　　　(调整) their nerves and stage fright before their big performance .
4.It’s time for us to 　　　　　(采取行动) to address the issue of climate change.
5.　　　　　　(总之), I would appreciate it if my application could win your approval.
6.The doctor suggests that I should 　　　　　　　(削减) foods containing too much fat and sugar.
7.We have sent him an invitation letter but it is unknown whether he will 　　　　　　(参加) the party or not.
8.He racked his brains for a long time but couldn’t 　　　　　　　　　　　(想出) a better solution.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1.She is loved not only 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, but also because of her huge influence on the sport of volleyball.
她之所以受人喜爱,不仅是因为她对事业的热爱,还因为她对排球运动的巨大影响。
2.A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　for over half an hour.(非谓语,leave)
开怀大笑可以缓解身体紧张,让你的肌肉放松半个多小时。
3.In order to record the beauty of our campus, a short video contest is 　　　　　　　.(不定式作表语)
为了记录我们校园的美丽,下周五将举行一个短视频比赛。
4.Life is like a long race 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to go beyond ourselves.(定语从句)
人生就像一场长跑比赛,在这场比赛中我们常常与他人竞争,以超越自我。
●Ⅳ 完形填空
Sea turtles are considered a national treasure in Sri Lanka. However, in recent years, the sea turtles have faced great 　1　.
Growing up on the beach, Chamara Indika, 35, was 　2　 about it. In the beginning, he 　3　 himself to the protection of sea turtles as a volunteer. He gave his spare time to raise 　4　 of caring for sea turtles and carried out sea turtle protection and rescue missions.
Later, he decided that this was not a long-term 　5　. “One person’s abilities are very 　6　 and I wanted to make real changes,” said Indika.　7　, Jack Xiao, the founder of Chinese YIK International Volunteers (YIKIV), reached out to Indika and offered his help to protect sea turtles. With his assistance, Indika set up the Nil Manel Foundation in Sri Lanka.
The organization 　8　 professional training and guidance for the volunteers, spreads knowledge of turtles and carries out conservation activities. Volunteers can then work to spread their new knowledge to more people.
At first, the volunteers’ main job was to rescue and care for 　9　 turtles locally. Then they found people and animals eat turtle eggs on the beach. So volunteers started 　10　 eggs to a protection centre with artificial cultivation. It 　11　 higher survival rates.
Thanks to their efforts, the survival rate of newborn turtles has reached new highs, and conservation awareness has also increased. Many volunteers now 　12　 to use straws and plastic bags which cause many turtles to die accidentally.
“It made me feel that all my work had 　13　. But it was not enough to rely on myself and the current volunteers. It would be important to 　14　 this knowledge down to future generations,” said Indika. With persistence and hard work, Indika firmly believes they will make a(n) 　15　 to the sea turtles.
(　)1.A.opportunities　　B.possibilities
C.challenges D.demands
(　)2.A.confused B.worried
C.confident D.embarrassed
(　)3.A.encouraged B.supported
C.donated D.committed
(　)4.A.awareness B.importance
C.concern D.request
(　)5.A.idea B.progress
C.solution D.design
(　)6.A.unique B.limited
C.disappointing D.valuable
(　)7.A.By chance B.On purpose
C.In all D.By far
(　)8.A.caters B.provides
C.offers D.supplies
(　)9.A.injured B.old
C.weak D.abandoned
(　)10.A.picking B.collecting
C.moving D.pulling
(　)11.A.ensured B.foreseen
C.suggested D.indicated
(　)12.A.tend B.refuse
C.hesitate D.struggle
(　)13.A.given out B.put away
C.paid off D.drawn back
(　)14.A.explain B.send
C.pass D.put
(　)15.A.shelter B.achievement
C.difference D.breakthrough
●Ⅴ 阅读理解
The climate crisis may lead the human race to decrease in size, as mammals (哺乳动物) with smaller bodies appear better able to deal with rising global temperatures, a leading fossil expert said.
Prof. Steve Brusatte, a palaeontologist (古生物学家) at the University of Edinburgh, suggested that the way in which other mammals have previously responded to periods of climate change could offer an insight into humans’ future.
He compared the potential situation of people as similar to that of early horses, which became smaller in body size as temperatures rose around 55 million years ago, a period called the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum.
Writing in The Rise and Reign of the Mammals, Brusatte notes that animals in warmer parts of the world today are often smaller than those in colder areas, an ecological principle known as Bergmann’s rule. “The reasons are not entirely understood, but it is probably, in part, because smaller animals have a higher surface area relative to their size than bigger animals and can thus better get rid of extra heat,” he writes.
Brusatte said that becoming smaller was “a common way that mammals deal with climate change”. He added, “That’s not to say every species of mammal would get smaller, but it seems to be a common survival trick of mammals when temperatures spike pretty quickly, which does raise the question: If temperatures do spike really quickly, might humans get smaller And I think that’s certainly convincing.”
In a recent study, researchers studying human remains over the past million years have also suggested that temperature is a major predictor of body size variation, while scientists studying red deer have said that warmer winters in northern Europe and Scandinavia may lead to the body size of these animals becoming smaller.
However, not all experts agree that rising temperature causes mammals to decrease. Prof. Adrian Lister, of the Natural History Museum in London, said the relationship shown by the recent human remains study is weak, while the strong relationship between temperature and mammal body size may often result from the availability of food and resources.
Lister doubts whether humans will shrink as the climate heats. “We are not really controlled by natural selection,” he said. “If that was going to happen, you’d need to find large people dying before they could reproduce because of climate warming. That is not happening in today’s world. We wear clothes, we have got heating, and we have got air conditioning if it is too hot.”
(　)1.According to the passage, the early horses got smaller in body size 　　　　.
A.to keep cool
B.to save food
C.to keep warm
D.to avoid being killed
(　)2.What does the underlined word “spike” in the 5th paragraph mean
A.Rise. B.Drop.
C.Balance. D.Change.
(　)3.What is Brusatte most likely to agree with
A.Every species of mammal would get smaller as the temperature goes up.
B.Animals in warmer areas are definitely smaller than those in colder areas.
C.Smaller animals have a higher surface area and so they can cool down quickly.
D.The change of mammals’ body size is closely related to their food and other resources.
(　)4.What’s the best title of the passage
A.Climate change causes natural disasters
B.Climate change leads to heated discussions
C.Climate change causes changes in body size　
D.Climate change leads to changed lifestyle
●Ⅵ 语法填空
Sustainable tourism, which is becoming 1.　　　　(increasing) popular nowadays, is not just about seeing the sights—it is also about connecting with people and their cultures, 2.　　　　(make) a positive impact on the places we visit and increasing opportunities for the future. So, how can we be sustainable tourists
It is important to travel in 3.　　　　 environmentally friendly manner. Getting to a tourist destination by airplane, which greatly increases our carbon footprints, 4.　　　　(have) a huge impact on the global environment. While avoiding flying is not always 5.　　　　(practice), we can help improve the environment by travelling on local public transport or even, on foot wherever possible. When at the hotel, we can reduce our impact by cutting back on water consumption and not having our bedding and towels 6.　　　　(wash) everyday. We also need to protect the local culture. When visiting temples or churches, where a strict dress code may 7.　　　　(require), we should dress properly. While travelling, we should respect the right to privacy. We must ask for 8.　　　　(permit) before taking pictures of the local people, 9.　　　　 are human beings and not on display.
10.　　　　 summary, being a sustainable tourist comes down to respect for nature, culture and people.

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