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单元小测(Unit 9)
Ⅰ.1.reflection　2.existence　3.effective　4.Assuming
5.emotional　6.excitement　7.arrangement　8.sharply
9.delivering　10.to make　11.to get　12.argument
Ⅱ.1.brushing up on　2.is based on　3.In short　4.work out
5.reflect on　6.As a result　7.take it easy
Ⅲ.1.find a spot/place in the park and breathe in the smell of nature　2.while laziness leads to/results in/contributes to/brings about failure　3.Admiring the shining/shiny moon together on the night of Mid-Autumn Festival　4.When faced with failure
Ⅳ.【文章大意】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者离开家乡得克萨斯州到纽约当实习生,这期间作者经历了从焦虑、恐惧到直面困难、努力奋斗的过程,体验了快节奏的生活,也得到了成长,变得更加独立,为今后的人生打下了基础。
1.B　根据上文“I’ve had many opportunities to experience living in a foreign culture.”(我有很多体验在异国文化中生活的机会。)以及后文my own country可知,作者第一次体验异国文化是在自己的国家,即意想不到的地方。故选B。unusual不寻常的;unexpected意想不到的;unexplored未勘查过的;unforgettable难忘的。
2.C　根据上文“When I was 20, I got an internship (实习职位) in New York City.”和本句中的Texas可知,此处指作者第一次在远离家乡的地方生活。故选C。study学习,研究;travel旅行;live生活,居住;explore探索。
3.D　根据下文讲述的内容可知,纽约的生活和得克萨斯州的生活不一样,由此可知,作者经历了文化冲击。culture shock“文化冲击”是固定短语。故选D。survival幸存;image图像;admiration羡慕;shock震惊,撞击。
4.C　根据with their 8 million citizens可知,纽约非常拥挤。故选C。crazy疯狂的;equipped配有……的;packed拥挤的;stressful压力大的,紧张的。
5.D　根据下文“New York moved fast.”可推知,来自得克萨斯州的作者习惯了轻松的生活节奏。故选D。quick快的;familiar熟悉的;unique独特的,唯一的;relaxed放松的,轻松的。
6.B　根据上文“New York moved fast.”可知,纽约的生活节奏快,是个不夜城。故选B。 change改变;sleep睡觉;adapt适应;disappear消失。
7.A　根据上文“When I was 20, I got an internship(实习职位)in New York City.”和下文“Fear of getting lost on the subway.”可知,作者怕实习失败。故选A。 fail失败;battle战斗;revive复原;protest抗议。
8.D　根据my frequent moments of confusion可推知,作者害怕当地人对自己频繁产生的困惑没有耐心。故选D。desire渴望;preference偏爱;respect尊重;patience耐心。
9.A　后文“…my fears and kept trying.”指作者克服了恐惧,继续努力。故选A。 overcome克服;forgive原谅;admit承认;identify识别。
10.C　根据下文“New York is home to people of all walks of life, from all corners of the world.”可知,此处指不要总以为纽约人都说英语。故选C。 propose提议;confirm确认;suppose假设,认为;ensure确保。
11.C　根据at weekends可推知,作者在周末会沿着唐人街的运河街闲逛。故选C。review复习;hike远足;wander漫游,闲逛;observe观察。
12.B　根据后文“I hated the skyscrapers, tourists and the high price I had to pay for a cheeseburger and fries.”可知,作者厌倦了大城市的生活。故选B。proud骄傲的;tired疲惫的,厌烦的;aware意识到的;afraid害怕的。
13.A　根据下文“I was quicker, smarter and more independent.”可知,作者也成长了。故选A。grow长大,成长;win赢;struggle挣扎,奋力;practise练习。
14.B　根据后文“…that feeling of having the world right at my doorstep.”可知,作者会怀念那种世界就在自己家门口的感觉。故选B。 hate讨厌;miss错过,怀念;lose失去;express表达。
15.D　根据上文内容可知,作者通过在纽约生活和实习变得更明智、独立,这为他以后的人生做好了准备。故选D。celebration庆祝;contribution贡献;emotion情绪,强烈的情感;preparation准备。
Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个挪威团队研究发现,相比打字,手写的方式能激活更复杂的大脑连接模式,有利于记忆和学习。本文建议在教育中多创造让学生进行手写的机会,尤其是记笔记。
1.A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The researchers used a special cap with 256 sensors. This cap was worn by the students, and their brain activity was recorded for five seconds each time they were asked to write or type.”可知,这个特殊的帽子被用来测量参与者的大脑活跃水平。故选A项。
2.C　段落大意题。根据文章第三段“‘We show that when students were writing by hand, brain connectivity patterns were far more complex than when they were typewriting on a keyboard,’ says Professor Audrey van der Meer, the team leader. ‘Such widespread brain connectivity is known to be important for memory formation and for encoding (编码) new information and, therefore, is beneficial to learning.’ The researchers also note that even though the participants used digital pens for writing in the study, they believe the findings would be similar if the participants used an ink pen and paper.”可知,第三段重点介绍了研究的结果。故选C项。
3.D　细节理解题。根据文章第四段“‘We’ve shown that the differences in brain activity are related to the careful forming of the letters when students are writing by hand while they are making more use of the senses. Since it’s the movement of the fingers carried out when they are forming letters that promotes brain connectivity, writing in print also has similar benefits for learning as cursive writing,’ Audrey adds.”可知,用手仔细写字母对加强大脑连接起着关键作用。故选D项。
4.D　词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段画线词前“There’s some evidence that students learn more and remember better when they are taking handwritten lecture notes, while using a computer with a keyboard may be more…”及画线词后“…when they are writing a long text or essay…”可推知,在写长篇文章或论文时使用配有键盘的电脑可能更实用,故画线词的含义与D项意义相近。故选D项。
Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了孔子的生平、时代背景、他的哲学思想以及儒家思想对中国文化和文明的影响。通过叙述孔子的生活经历和贡献,本文向读者展示了这位伟大思想家的形象和他对中国文化的深远影响。
1.means　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。这里为从句的谓语动词,根据主句的时态可知,从句的时态应为一般现在时;从句主语为which所指代的先行词Kongzi,谓语动词用第三人称单数,从句主语和动词mean之间为主动关系。故填means。
2.However　考查副词。上文“During Confucius’ lifetime, China was ruled by the Zhou Dynasty(1046—256 BCE).”和下文“…by the time Confucius was born, this dynasty was in a slow decline.”之间存在转折关系,用however;位于句首,首字母应大写。故填However。
3.to gain　考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to gain。
4.was divided　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。这里为并列谓语,根据前半句的时态可知,本句的时态为一般过去时;主语power为单数,和动词divide之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was divided。
5.the　考查冠词。修饰名词conflict,为特指,应用定冠词the。故填the。
6.which/that　考查定语从句。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为a philosophy,指物,在定语从句中担当主语,用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。
7.better　考查形容词比较级。根据下文的than a government official可判断空处应填形容词的比较级形式。故填better。
8.spreading　考查非谓语动词。此处用非谓语动词作状语,主语he和spread之间为主动关系,应用现在分词形式。故填spreading。
9.as　考查介词。短语be known as意为“被称为……”,符合句意。故填as。
10.values　考查名词复数。分析句子成分可知,空处和空后的attitudes相对应,应填名词的复数形式。故填values。●Ⅰ 单句填空
1.We may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of 　　　　(reflect) can lead to personal improvement.
2.It is believed that the universe came into 　　　　(exist) about 15 billion years ago.
3.What you need is a workable, 　　　　　(effect) strategy for developing your business.
4.　　　　　(assume)that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Union, I will organise more colourful after-class activities to enrich our school life.
5.With our lives becoming increasingly busy and stressful, it’s easy to forget to check on our mental well-being and to ignore our 　　　　(emotion) health needs.
6.Another factor behind soccer’s global popularity is the creativity and 　　　　　(excite) on the field.
7.Through repeated comparison, the leader and his team found the best 　　　　　　(arrange), saving eight minutes in total.
8.It is forecast that temperatures will drop 　　　　(sharp) from Wednesday.
9.She has developed her own approach to 　　　　　(deliver) her points of view to museum visitors.
10.Someone who lacks staying power and determination is unlikely 　　　　　　(make) a good researcher.
11.The rescue team attempted 　　　(get) in touch with the travellers who got lost in the forest.
12.There is a heated 　　　　(argue) about the idea of developing driverless cars because of an accident caused by a driverless mode.
●Ⅱ 短语填空
1.He is busy 　　　　　　　(温习) his notes because the final exam is around the corner.
2.China’s development path 　　　　　　　(以……为根据) China’s realities, so it has unique Chinese features.
3.　　　　　　　(总而言之), your practical suggestions can make our theme class meeting about traditional Chinese cultures appeal to more foreigners.
4.It’s clever of you to 　　　　　　　(解决) the tough question within such a short time.
5.You should 　　　　　　　　(思考) this problem again before you make the final decision.
6.He fell from the bike and broke his leg.　　　　　　　(因此;作为结果), he will have to be away from school.
7.You’d better 　　　　　　(放轻松) until you feel better.
●Ⅲ 句型训练
1.Now, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, and you may be surprised by what you discover.
现在,在公园里找一个地方并且呼吸大自然的气味,你可能会对你的发现感到惊讶。
2.As is known to us all, success lies in hard work 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(while)
众所周知, 成功源于勤奋, 而懒惰导致失败。
3.

is unique to China, which has a long history.(动名词作主语)
在中秋节的夜晚共赏明月是中国独有的传统,这有着悠久的历史。
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　, we should reflect on ourselves.(“连词+分词”结构)
面对失败时,我们应该反省自己。
●Ⅳ 完形填空
I’ve had many opportunities to experience living in a foreign culture. But my first experience came in an 　1　 place—my own country. When I was 20, I got an internship (实习职位) in New York City. It was my first time to 　2　 outside of my home state of Texas.
With my move north came culture 　3　. I grew up in a big city in Texas. But it was no comparison to the tightly 　4　 New York with their 8 million citizens. I was used to life at a 　5　 pace; New York moved fast. The saying is true—this city never 　6　. I had to adjust.
My first reaction was fear. Fear I would 　7　 in my new internship in the 54-storey office building. Fear of getting lost on the subway. Fear that the locals wouldn’t have 　8　 with my frequent moments of confusion. My fear ranged from reasonable to silly. But I 　9　 my fears and kept trying.
I learned quickly never to 　10　 a New Yorker always speaks English. New York is home to people of all walks of life, from all corners of the world. At weekends, I would spend hours 　11　 along Canal Street in Chinatown—the closest I’d ever been to an Asian country.
By the end of my internship, I was a little older, a little wiser and 　12　 of big city life. I hated the skyscrapers, tourists and the high price I had to pay for a cheeseburger and fries. But I had 　13　, too. I was quicker, smarter and more independent. I knew I would 　14　 that feeling of having the world right at my doorstep. It was good 　15　 for the life of travel I’d soon begin.
(　)1.A.unusual　　　　B.unexpected
C.unexplored D.unforgettable
(　)2.A.study B.travel
C.live D.explore
(　)3.A.survival B.image
C.admiration D.shock
(　)4.A.crazy B.equipped
C.packed D.stressful
(　)5.A.quick B.familiar
C.unique D.relaxed
(　)6.A.changes B.sleeps
C.adapts D.disappears
(　)7.A.fail B.battle
C.revive D.protest
(　)8.A.desire B.preference
C.respect D.patience
(　)9.A.overcame B.forgave
C.admitted D.identified
(　)10.A.propose B.confirm
C.suppose D.ensure
(　)11.A.reviewing B.hiking
C.wandering D.observing
(　)12.A.proud B.tired
C.aware D.afraid
(　)13.A.grown B.won
C.struggled D.practised
(　)14.A.hate B.miss
C.lose D.express
(　)15.A.celebration B.contribution
C.emotion D.preparation
●Ⅴ 阅读理解
A team in Norway recently conducted in-depth research on writing by hand and typing on a keyboard.
The team invited 36 university students who had to either write or type words displayed on a screen. The study participants used a digital pen to write in cursive (草书) on a touch screen, and they used one finger on a keyboard to type. The researchers used a special cap with 256 sensors. This cap was worn by the students, and their brain activity was recorded for five seconds each time they were asked to write or type.
“We show that when students were writing by hand, brain connectivity patterns were far more complex than when they were typewriting on a keyboard,” says Professor Audrey van der Meer, the team leader. “Such widespread brain connectivity is known to be important for memory formation and for encoding (编码) new information and, therefore, is beneficial to learning.” The researchers also note that even though the participants used digital pens for writing in the study, they believe the findings would be similar if the participants used an ink pen and paper.
“We’ve shown that the differences in brain activity are related to the careful forming of the letters when students are writing by hand while they are making more use of the senses. Since it’s the movement of the fingers carried out when they are forming letters that promotes brain connectivity, writing in print also has similar benefits for learning as cursive writing,” Audrey adds. “This also explains why children who have learned to write and read on a tablet can have difficulty differentiating between letters that are mirror images of each other, such as ‘b’ and ‘d’. They haven’t felt with their bodies what it feels like to produce those letters.”
Considering handwritten note-taking is becoming less common in educational settings, the researchers advocate more opportunities for students to write by hand. “There’s some evidence that students learn more and remember better when they are taking handwritten lecture notes, while using a computer with a keyboard may be more pragmatic when they are writing a long text or essay,” Audrey concludes.
(　)1.What was the special cap used to do
A.Measure the participants’ brain activity.
B.Evaluate the participants’ writing styles.
C.Tell the participants when to write or type.
D.Record the time the participants used to write.
(　)2.What does Paragraph 3 focus on about the study
A.Its backgrounds. B.Its equipment.
C.Its outcomes. D.Its process.
(　)3.What plays the key role in strengthening brain connectivity
A.Recognizing letters’ mirror images.
B.Learning to practise cursive writing.
C.Forming the habit of taking notes.
D.Writing letters carefully by hand.
(　)4.What does the underlined word “pragmatic” in the last paragraph mean
A.Difficult. B.Traditional.
C.Special. D.Practical.
●Ⅵ 语法填空
Confucius was a government official in the State of Lu, in what is now Shandong, China. His real name was Kong Qiu, but within China he is most often called Kongzi, which 1.　　　　(mean) Master Kong.
During Confucius’ lifetime, China was ruled by the Zhou Dynasty(1046—256 BCE). 2.　　　　　　　, by the time Confucius was born, this dynasty was in a slow decline. The emperor’s power was weakening and many small states were fighting 3.　　　　　(gain) control. Confucius’ own city, Qufu, was the capital of the State of Lu, and power in this state 4.　　　　　　　　(divide) between several families which could not get along.
As a government official of the State of Lu, Confucius wanted to end 5.　　　　 conflict between these families, and to help do this, he developed a philosophy 6.　　　　 he believed would bring peace and harmony. Confucius was perhaps a 7.　　　　(good) philosopher than a government official, and he ended up having to leave the State of Lu. He spent thirteen years travelling around the other states, 8.　　　　(spread) his philosophy, before returning to Qufu where he spent his later life teaching his disciples (门徒). The collective body of Confucius’ teachings came to be known 9.　　　　　　 Confucianism. This enduring philosophical tradition has had a profound and lasting impact on Chinese culture and civilization, shaping 10.　　　　(value) and attitudes for over two millennia.

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