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Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
SectionB (3a -3c）
人教版 八年级上册
04
03
01
02
能够通过各种写作活动，锻炼自己的写作能力；同时归纳总结各种议论文的写作要点。
学习能力
能够客观冷静地表达个人观点；通过观察，分析，总结等多种手段，深化发散性与总结性思维。
思维品质
引导学生了解生物蓝鲸对于生态系统的重要性，从而进一步了解动植物对于生态系统的重要性。
文化意识
能够了解蓝鲸的一些内容；通过分析第一段的由第一人称改为第三人称的内容，了解到改写的注意点。

语言能力
Learning Objectives
Watch the video
Lead-in
What does this video talk about
The blue whale is the largest animal on earth.
What do you know about the blue whale
2
Pre-reading
Introduction
What do you know about the blue whale
marine
mammal
biggest
animal
endangered
species
Place:
deep ocean
Food:
krill（磷虾）
...
3
While-reading
Read the text and complete the table.
3a
How many paragraphs are there in this article
Two
Blue whale facts Weight
Where they live
Food
How long they live
Role in ecosystem
It can weigh as much as 200 tons.
In all oceans except the Arctic Ocean.
Some of the tiniest animals in the ocean, around four tons of them a day.
Up to 90 years.
When a blue whale dies at sea, it becomes food for many kinds of animals living in and around the sea, lasting for over a year and helping to create a lively and healthy ecosystem.
Reading Comprehension
1.what makes the blue whale the heaviest animal on earth
A.It eats 4 tons of food daily
B.It can weight up to 200 tons
C.It lives for 90 years
D.It lives in all oceans
√
2.where do blue whales NOT live
A.Pacific Ocean
B.Indian Ocean
C.Arctic Ocean
D.Atlantic Ocean
√
3. What do blue whales mainly eat
A.Large fish
B.Tiny ocean animals
C.Sea plants
D.Other whales
√
4.How do dead blue whales help the ecosystem
A.They clean the ocean
B.They make new ilands
C.They feed animals for over a year
D.They produce oxygen
√
5. Why does the author say blue whales are “one of the most beautiful things to see”
A.They have colorful skin
B.People enjoy watching them swim
C.They sing beautifully
D.They are friendly to humans
√
Read and learn
The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on earth. It can weigh as much as 200 tons. Many people like watching blue whales swim, and they think it is one of the most beautiful things to see. Blue whales live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. They eat a lot, but they eat some of the tiniest animals in the ocean. A blue whale can eat around four tons of these a day.
Blue whales can live up to 90 years. When a blue whale dies at sea, it becomes food for many kinds of animals living in and around the sea. This food lasts for over a year and it helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem. Blue whales play an important role in our world, so we must protect them.
在地球上
多达，达到…… 之多
/ n/ n. 大海；海洋
/ k sept/ prep. 除……之外；除了
tiny / ta ni/
adj. 极小的；微小的
live up to 达到；符合
lively / la vli/
adj. 精力充沛的；生机勃勃的
扮演一个重要的角色
Blue whale facts Weight
Where they live
Food
How long they live
Importance in nature
as much as 200 tons
in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean
some of the tiniest animals in the ocean
up to 90 years
When a blue whale dies, it becomes food for many animals and it helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem.
Check answers.
Imagine you are a blue whale. Use the first person to rewrite the first paragraph.
3b
Hello everyone! My name is Billy the Blue Whale. I am ____________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
I’m heavy, but I love ________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
I live in __________________________________________________________________.
My favourite food is _________________________________________________________
I can eat __________________________________________________________________.
the largest and heaviest animal
on earth. My weight is as much as 200 tons.
swimming in the ocean. Many people like watching me swim, and
they think I am one of the most beautiful things to see
all oceans except the Arctic Ocean.
some of the tiniest animals in the ocean.
around four tons of them a day.
Observe and think
What should we mainly pay attention to when rewriting an article
人称: 由第三人称变成第一人称
内容要点: 要点不能省略或者遗漏。
语言: 个别句子需要变化结构
weight
living area
food
amount of food eaten
preference
4
Post-reading(Writing)
Complete your passage about the blue whale based on the text in 3a.
3c
写作指导
文本体裁
话题分析
要求写完成段落的改写，主要改写内容为3a第二段的内容，涉及到蓝鲸的寿命和对生态环境的重要性等内容。
本文将第三人称的段落内容，改写为第一人称的段落内容。分析原文章属于介绍类文章，改写后，还是自身特性介绍，因此是说明文。
人称时态
以第一人称为主；以一般现在时为主。
How to use the first person to rewrite the second paragraph
points
lifespan
role /function
importance
I can live up to 90 years. When I die at sea, I become food for many kinds of animals living in and around the sea. This food lasts for over a year and helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem. I play an important role in our world, so you must protect me.
For example
second paragraph
Write your article according to the information mentioned above. Pay attention to your spelling and structure.
Be careful!
How to use the first person to rewrite the second paragraph
I can live up to 90 years. When I die at sea, I become food for many kinds of animals living in and around the sea. This food lasts for over a year and helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem. I play an important role in our world, so you must protect me.
Checklist Self-evaluation Peer-evaluation Teacher-evaluation
Clear structure
Topic sentence
More relative information
Right linking words
Right grammar
Right spelling
Great Good Try harder Now, you can exchange your writings with your partner to check each other’s writing.
New words
Project
ocean; except; tiny; lively
Make a poster about a plant or an animal
Use the first person to rewrite the second paragraph
(1) 人称: 由第三人称变成第一人称
(2) 语言: 个别句子需要变化结构
(3) 内容要点: 要点不能省略或者遗漏。
Reading &
Writing
Expressions
live up to
Summary
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一、根据要求完成句子
1. 大象是陆地上最大的动物之一，体重能超过5吨。
The elephant is ______ _____ _______ _______ land animals, and it can weigh over 5 tons.
2. 要是环境良好，有些乌龟能活到200岁。
Some tortoises can ______ _____ _______ 200 years if the environment is good.
3. 蜜蜂在给花朵授粉、助力植物生长方面作用重大。
Bees ______ _____ _______ _______ _______ pollinating flowers and helping plants grow.
4. 大多数鸟会飞，除了企鹅、鸵鸟这类不会飞的。
Most birds can _______, _______ some like penguins and ostriches.
5. 多种树有助于让我们的空气更清洁。
_______ more trees helps to make our air _______.
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Over two thirds of the earth’s surface is covered by ________ (ocean).
2. The clay (泥塑) pieces are usually ________ (live) characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story.
3. He seems even ________ (tiny) than we thought.
4. Keep love in your heart. A life ________ (with) it is like a sunless garden.
5. Luosifen is popular among young people. Although it smells quite terrible, it’s ________ (actual) delicious.
三、阅读理解。
①Would you like to get fewer colds and feel better Would you like to taste a special plant Would you like to keep a plant with little care An Aloe Vera (芦荟) plant could be just for you to choose!
②Growing Aloe Vera plants at home can make the air clean and fresh. Studies show that they take away harmful (有害的) things from the air. Maybe you can stay away from colds and sore throats. And even if you get sick, Aloe Vera plants may help you get better faster.
③Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine. Aloe Vera gel (胶体) helps to deal with the pain (痛) of burns. And it also helps with the itchiness (痒) caused by insect bites. To get this gel, just cut off a part of the plant, and put the gel on the affected skin (患处).
④ Aloe Vera plants are also popular in the food industry (工业). If you are interested in Aloe juice, you’ll easily find it in the supermarket. Aloe Vera can also go with other vegetables to make a safe dish on your dinner table.
⑤ ▲ They like dry, warm air, so they grow best near a window. Aloe Vera plants are able to keep water in their leaves. So, they do not need watering so often as most houseplants (室内植物). When watering, make sure the earth is wet enough so that it can last for a long time. That’s all you need to do to take care of an Aloe Vera plant.
1．How does the writer lead into (引入) the topic in Paragraph 1
A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers.
C．By giving examples. D．By asking questions.
2．What are the uses of Aloe Vera gel as medicine in Paragraph 3
a. It’s good for eyes. b. It stops nosebleeds. c. It helps with the itchiness.
d. It helps people lose weight. e. It deals with the pain of burns.
A．c, e B．a, b C．b, d D．a, d
3．Which of the following can be the best to fill in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 5
A．Aloe Vera plants help you improve health.
B．Aloe Vera plants are very easy to take care of.
C．Aloe Vera plants can serve as a delicious dish.
D．Aloe Vera plants are good-looking houseplants.
4．What can we learn from the passage
A．Aloe Vera plants need to be watered every day.
B．Aloe Vera plants help us keep away from illnesses.
C．Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine, food and clothes.
D．Aloe Vera plants take away the air to make the home clean and fresh.
5．What is the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
参考答案：
一、根据要求完成句子
1. one of the largest / biggst 2. live up to 3. play an important role in 4. fly; except 5. Planting; cleaner
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. oceans 2. lively 3. tinier 4. without 5. actually
三、阅读理解
1-5：DABBC
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一、学习目标
（一）语言能力
掌握蓝鲸的核心信息（体重、栖息地、食物、寿命、生态作用），理解文本中关键词汇（ocean, except, tiny, lively, live up to 等）的含义与用法。
明确第三人称文本改写为第一人称的核心要点（人称转换、内容完整、句式调整），能完成 3a 文本的第一、二段改写。
（二）文化意识
认识蓝鲸对海洋生态系统的重要性（死亡后为海洋生物提供食物、维持生态平衡），初步建立 “动植物与生态系统共生” 的环保意识。
（三）思维品质
通过分析 3a 文本细节、提炼改写要点，锻炼观察、归纳与逻辑思维能力。
能客观表达对 “保护蓝鲸” 的观点，深化发散性与总结性思维。
（四）学习能力
通过 “读 - 填 - 改 - 评” 的写作活动，提升文本理解与写作表达能力。
借助互评 checklist 学会自我反思与同伴评价，培养自主学习与合作学习能力。
三、教学重难点
（一）教学重点
读懂 3a 文本，准确提取蓝鲸的关键信息（体重 200 吨、除北冰洋外的所有海洋、以磷虾等微小海洋生物为食、寿命可达 90 年、生态作用）。
掌握 “第三人称转第一人称” 的改写方法：人称代词（it/they→I）、名词（blue whales→I）调整，同时保持内容不遗漏、语言自然。
（二）教学难点
改写时兼顾 “内容完整性” 与 “语言流畅性”，避免因人称转换导致句式混乱。
结合蓝鲸的生态作用，在改写中自然体现其重要性，形成 “保护蓝鲸” 的合理表达。
四、教学准备
多媒体课件（含蓝鲸科普视频、3a 文本、填空表格、改写示例）。
学习任务单：含 3a 文本细节填空表、3b/3c 改写练习、互评 checklist。
板书素材：蓝鲸核心信息思维导图框架、改写要点关键词。
五、教学过程
环节 时长 师生活动 设计意图
Lead-in（导入） 5 分钟 1. 教师播放蓝鲸科普短视频（突出 “地球上最大哺乳动物” 特征）；
2. 提问引导：“What does the video talk about What’s special about the blue whale ”；
3. 学生自由回答，教师简要板书 “blue whale, largest mammal” 等关键词。 用视觉素材激发学生兴趣，快速聚焦 “蓝鲸” 主题，为文本学习铺垫。
Pre-reading（写前） 8 分钟 1. 教师发起 “头脑风暴”：“What do you know about the blue whale ”；
2. 学生结合已有知识分享（如 “生活在海里”“快灭绝了” 等），教师用思维导图呈现核心点（marine mammal, endangered, deep ocean, krill 等）；
3. 补充生词：krill（磷虾）、endangered（濒危的），帮助学生扫清读前障碍。 激活学生已有认知，梳理对蓝鲸的初步了解，同时铺垫文本关键背景词汇。
While-reading（读中） 15 分钟 1. 初读找结构：学生快速阅读 3a 文本，回答 “How many paragraphs are there ”（2 段），明确文本分为 “蓝鲸基本特征”“蓝鲸生态作用” 两部分；
2. 精读填细节：学生再读文本，独立完成 “Blue whale facts” 表格（体重：200 tons；栖息地：all oceans except Arctic；食物：tiny ocean animals（4 tons/day）；寿命：up to 90 years；生态作用：dead whales feed sea animals for over a year），完成后小组核对，教师展示正确答案；
3. 理解检测：完成 5 道阅读理解题（如 “蓝鲸不生活在哪个海洋？”“死亡蓝鲸如何帮助生态？”），学生举手回答，教师讲解易错点。 分层次引导学生阅读，先抓结构再提细节，通过表格和习题巩固文本理解，培养 “找关键信息” 的阅读能力。
Post-reading（写后） 20 分钟 1. 改写指导：
- 教师呈现 3a 第一段（第三人称）与 3b 改写示例（第一人称 “Billy the Blue Whale”），引导学生观察：“What changes do we need to make ”（人称：it→I；内容：不遗漏 “体重、游泳、栖息地、食物”；句式：调整为第一人称表达，如 “It can weigh...”→“My weight is...”）；
- 总结改写三要点：人称转换、内容完整、语言自然；
2. 写作实践：
- 学生先完成 3b 第一段改写（教师巡视，帮助解决句式问题）；
- 独立完成 3c 第二段改写（围绕 “寿命 90 年、死亡后供食、生态作用、需保护”），参考示例句式（“I can live up to... When I die... I play an important role...”）；
3. 互评反馈：
- 学生交换任务单，用 “checklist”（结构清晰、内容相关、连接词正确、语法拼写无误）进行同伴评价，标注 “Great/Good/Try harder”；
- 教师选取 2-3 份典型作业展示，点评优点与改进点。 从 “理解” 到 “应用”，通过示例引导学生掌握改写方法，再通过独立写作和同伴互评，提升写作能力与评价能力，突破教学难点。
Summary（总结） 5 分钟 1. 教师引导学生回顾：“What did we learn today ”（蓝鲸的关键信息、改写方法、生态重要性）；
2. 学生分小组轮流总结，教师补充：“Blue whales are important to the ecosystem, so we must protect them.”，强化环保意识。 梳理本节课核心知识，强化记忆，同时升华 “保护动植物” 的主题。
Homework（作业） - 1. 完善课堂改写作业，用第一人称完整写出 “蓝鲸自述”（结合 3b+3c 内容）；
2. 选择一种自己喜欢的动植物，用第一人称写 5-8 句话（介绍其特点、作用），并制作简易海报（图文结合）。 巩固课堂改写技能，将 “第一人称写作” 迁移到其他动植物主题，兼顾写作与动手能力，拓展学习内容。
六、板书设计
plaintext
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals (Section B 3a-3c)
一、Blue Whale Facts（蓝鲸核心信息）
- Weight: 200 tons
- Where: all oceans except Arctic
- Food: tiny animals (4 tons/day)
- Lifespan: up to 90 years
- Ecosystem role: dead whales feed sea animals (over 1 year)
二、Rewrite Rules（改写要点）
1. 人称：3rd person (it/they) → 1st person (I)
2. 内容：不遗漏关键信息
3. 语言：句式自然（如 It can weigh... → My weight is...）
三、Key Idea（核心观点）
Protect blue whales! Protect the ecosystem!
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