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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 2 Home sweet home 典型语法和句型梳理 专题练
2025-2026学年上学期初中英语人教版（2024）八年级上册
一、用单词的适当形式填空
1．All that (matter) is that you are safe. Take care!
2．He stepped on a chair and (hang) up the picture of flowers on the wall carefully.
3.That famous (write) gave us a report on Chinese culture yesterday.
4．He will be busy this winter vacation, because he gets many (invite) now.
5．—Our foreign teacher Lino invited us (go) to his Christmas party.
—Let’s prepare some gifts for him together.
6．They worked hard together and finally (pull) the heavy box out of the river.
7．The milk in the fridge (smell) fresh.
8．The bad weather (add) to our difficulties. We didn’t know what to do at that moment.
9．The man (describe) what happened to the policeman.He gave the policeman a (describe) of the man.
10．The tourist his head to show his agreement to the guide just now. (nod)
二、单项选择
1.—Ruby, could you please help me solve these problems
—___________, but still half are left for you to do by yourself.
A．I don’t think so B．I hope not C．With pleasure D．It’s my pleasure
2.—Can I ______ Robinson Crusoe, Mrs. Lee
—Of course, but you can only ______ it for a week.
A．borrow; lend B．lend; borrow C．borrow; keep D．lend; keep
3.It’s raining too hard outside. We won’t leave ________ the rain stops.
A．if B．after C．when D．until
4.At last, the poor old man was ________. But people didn’t know the reason of his ________.
A．died; death B．dead; death C．dead; die D．death; dead
5．Today is Father’s Day, and I plan ________ a dinner for my father.
A．to prepare B．preparing C．prepared D．prepare
6.We won’t believe it until ________ see it with ________ own eyes.
A．our; us B．we; our C．we; ours D.our;us
7.—Could you please have the car ready for me by 5 o’clock
—________, sir.
A．No problem B．That’s all right C．My pleasure D．Take it easy
8．—May I ________ your dictionary
—Sorry, I have promised to ________ it to Tom.
A．borrow; lend B．keep; lend C．lend; borrow D．keep; borrow
9．The classroom was so dirty. We decided ______.
A．clean it up B．to clean it up C．clean up it D．to clean up it
10．Tom has played the game many times before, so he is quite familiar ________ the rule.
A．to B．for C．with D．by
11．Mary feels happy to share snacks _________ her friends.
A．in B．of C．for D．with
12．Once in a while Jill looked up at Mr. White and nodded ________ agreement.
A．for B．of C．in D．on
13．Do you have free time I’d like to invite you ________ Mount Tai.
A．climbing B．climb
C．to climb D．climbed
14．That newly bought sofa is too small for four people to________ and it is also too heavy for them to________.
A．sit; lift B．sit on; lift it C．sit; lift it D．sit on; lift
15．The scientists ________ several years ________ the root systems of these ancient trees.
A．took; studying B．took; to study C．spent; to study D．spent; studying
三、完成句子
1．你介意我搭你的便车吗？
Would you mind me a in your car
2．学生做了一个多小时，老师才告诉他们这道难题的答案。（翻译）
The teacher tell the students the answer to the difficult problem they have been working on it for more than one hour.
3．No matter where he goes, his pet dog runs after him. (改为同义句)
he goes, his pet dog runs after him.
4．He helps clean up on weekends. (变为否定句)
He clean up on weekends.
5．我的同学想跟我分享一些想法。
My students wants to some ideas me.
6．Jack borrowed a book from his sister last week. (同义句转换)
Jack’s sister a book him last week.
7．John tried the phone, but it was dead.（保持句意不变）
John tried the phone, but it .
8．The germs are so small that we can’t see them. (改为同义句)
The germs are small see.
9．Tom does morning exercises every day. (改为否定句)
Tom morning exercises every day.
10．paper-cutting, can, why, anyone, try,

语法选择,根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
Little Jim lived in a poor village with his mother. One summer day, Jim’s mother 1 him to the field to find some dried wood for the fire.
Jim worked very hard. By the time the sun was high, he was very hot and wished for a 2 place to rest and have some food. As he walked along, he found some shade (阴凉处) with fine, wild 3 beside it.
“How good these will be with my bread!” thought Jim. He 4 all of the strawberries. As he was lifting the first strawberry to his mouth, he remembered his sick mother, alone in her dark and cold room in the village.
With this in mind, he put the strawberry back. “Shall I save them for her ” he asked 5 .
He thought how delicious the strawberries would be for her, but how he wanted to eat them!
“I will eat half and take 6 half to her,” he said. He divided them into two heaps (堆), but each heap looked so small. He put them together again.
“I will only eat one,” he thought.
As he again lifted it to his mouth, he saw that he had taken the finest, and he put it back.
When the sun was beginning to set, Jim 7 for home. Though he was very tired, he didn’t eat any of the strawberries. He felt so satisfied with himself 8 he saved all the strawberries for his sick mother.
As soon as he got home, he heard his mother’s weak voice calling him. “Is that you, Jim 9 do you come back so late I am thirsty, and am looking for some water.”
Jim ran to her 10 and said. “Mum, these strawberries are all for you.” Seeing the smile on his mother’s face, he felt happy from the bottom of his heart.
1．A．took B．brought C．sent
2．A．cool B．hot C．warm
3．A．strawberries B．bananas C．pears
4．A．made up B．got up C．picked up
5．A．herself B．himself C．myself
6．A．other B．another C．the other
7．A．set out B．took out C．ate out
8．A．that B．because C．until
9．A．When B．What C．Why
10．A．happily B．angrily C．hardly
答案
一、用单词的适当形式填空
1． matters
【详解】句意：最重要的是你的安全。保重！此句是that引导的定语从句，matter用第三人称单数。故填matters。
hung
【详解】句意：他踩在一把椅子上，小心翼翼地把花的画挂在墙上。根据“stepped on”可知，此处应用一般过去时，“hang悬挂”的过去式是hung。故填hung。
writer
invitations
【详解】句意：这个寒假他会很忙，因为他现在收到了很多邀请。根据“many”和提示词可知，横线处需填名词复数。“invite”意为“邀请”，动词，其名词形式为invitation。故填invitations。
to go
【详解】句意：——我们的外教老师Lino邀请我们去他的圣诞派对。——让我们一起为他准备一些礼物吧。invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”，故填to go。
pulled
【详解】句意：他们一起努力，终于把那个沉重的箱子从河里拖了出来。根据“They worked hard together”可知，此句为一般过去时，pull与worked并列，应该用过去式。故填pulled。
smells
【详解】句意：冰箱里的牛奶闻起来很新鲜。主语“The milk”是不可数名词，且句子描述的是牛奶当前的状态，时态用一般现在时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，smell的第三人称单数是smells。故填smells。
added
【详解】句意：恶劣的天气给我们增加了困难，我们当时不知道该怎么办。根据“We didn’t know what to do at that moment.”可知，该句为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填added。
described description
【详解】句意：这名男子向警察描述了发生的事情。他向警察提供了对该男子的描述。分析句子可知，第一空用动词describe“描述”作谓语，结合语境可知，应用一般过去时讲述过去发生的事情，谓语动词用过去式described；动词“gave”后接双宾语，第二空应用名词作宾语，a后接单数名词description“描述”。故填described；description。
nodded
【详解】句意：刚才那位游客点头表示同意导游的意见。根据“just now”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，因此填动词nod的过去式nodded。故填nodded。
二、单项选择
1. C
【详解】句意：——Ruby，你能帮我解决这些问题吗？——我很乐意，但还有一半留给你自己去做。
考查情景交际。I don’t think so我不这么认为；I hope not我希望不是这样；With pleasure我很乐意；It’s my pleasure不客气。根据“could you please help me solve these problems”可知，对方提出请求，根据“but still half are left for you to do by yourself.”可知选项C“我很乐意”符合语境，故选C。
C
【详解】句意：——李老师，我可以借《鲁滨逊漂流记》吗？——当然，但你只能借一个星期。
考查动词辨析。borrow借入，短暂性动词；lend借出，短暂性动词；keep保留，延续性动词。根据“Can I...”可知，是指想借入这本书，应用动词borrow表示“借入”，根据“for a week”可知此处应用延续性动词。故选C。
D
【详解】句意： 外面雨下得太大了。雨停了我们才能离开。
考查连词辨析。if如果；after在……之后；when当……时候；until直到。此处是not...until...“直到……才……”结构，故选D。
B
【详解】句意：最后，那个可怜的老人死了。但是人们不知道他死的原因。
考查形容词和名词。die死亡，动词；dead死亡的，形容词；death死亡，名词。根据题干第一个空，由系动词was可知系表结构，填形容词dead。第二个空，形容词性物主代词his修饰名词death。故选B。
A
【详解】句意：今天是父亲节，我打算为父亲准备一顿晚餐。
考查非谓语动词。plan to do sth“计划做某事”，为固定短语，故选A。
B
【详解】句意：除非我们亲眼看到，否则我们不会相信。
考查代词辨析。our我们的，形容词性物主代词；us我们，宾格；we我们，主格；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。分析句子可知，第一个空作从句的主语，用代词主格，排除A、D；第二个空格后有名词，用形容词性物主代词。故选B。
A
【详解】句意：——你能在五点之前把车给我准备好吗 ——没问题，先生。
考查情景交际。No problem没问题（表示同意）；That’s all right没关系；My pleasure我的荣幸（表示对别人的感谢表示欣然接受的礼貌回答）；Take it easy别紧张。根据“Could you please have the car ready for me by 5 o’clock ”可知，这是在寻求帮助。因此，应该回答同意提供帮助还是不同意提供帮助。选项A符合语境。故选A。
A
【详解】句意：——我可以借一下你的字典吗？——对不起，我已经答应把它借给汤姆了。
考查动词辨析。borrow向某人借某物；lend把物品借给某人；keep保留。第一句主语是I，指的是“借入字典”，应用borrow；第二句主语是I，与第一句是不同的人，指的是“已经答应把字典借出去”，应用lend，故选A。
B
【详解】句意：教室里太脏了。我们决定把它打扫干净。
考查动词短语。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，故排除A、C项。clean up是“动词+副词”型短语，代词作宾语，要放中间。故选B。
C
【详解】句意：汤姆之前玩过这个游戏很多次，所以他对规则非常熟悉。
考查介词辨析。to到，表示方向或对象；for为了，表示目的或原因；with和，与；by通过，表示方式或手段。be familiar with“熟悉……”，固定短语。故选C。
D
【详解】句意：玛丽很高兴和她的朋友分享零食。
考查介词辨析。in在……里；of属于；for为，给；with和。根据“share snacks...her friends”可知，share sth. with sb.“和某人分享某物”。故选D。
C
【详解】句意：吉尔偶尔抬头看看怀特先生，点头表示同意。
考查介词辨析。for为了；of……的；in在……里面；on在……上面。根据“nodded...agreement”可知，此处应是点头同意的意思，in agreement“同意”，故选C。
C
【详解】句意：你有空吗？我想邀请你去爬泰山。
考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”。故选C。
D
【详解】句意：那张新买来的沙发太小了，四个人坐不下；并且它太重了，四个人抬不动。
考查动词用法。根据语境可知，“sit”是不及物动词，表示“坐”，如果要说明坐在某个物体上，需要加介词“on”，“sit on the sofa”表示坐在沙发上；“lift”是及物动词，意为“举起” ，前半句已经提到“sofa”，后半句中“lift”的逻辑宾语就是“sofa” ，此时不需要再用“it”指代“sofa”，避免重复。故选D。
D
【详解】句意：科学家们花费了数年时间研究这些古树的根系。
考查动词辨析和非谓语动词。spent花费，主语是人；took花费，主语是it或物。spend time doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“花费时间做某事”。由“The scientists”可知，主语是人，用spent。故选D。
三、完成句子
1． giving lift
【详解】根据汉语句子可知空处应填“让我搭个便车”，mind动词，“介意”，mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，give sb. a lift “让某人搭个便车”，give动词，后面加代词的宾格，me宾格，“我”，故填giving lift。
won’t until
【详解】根据语境及分析句子结构可知，本句是一个含时间状语从句的主从复合句，not...until意为“直到……才”，用于连接本句的主句和从句，且从句部分“they have been working on it for more than one hour”的时态为现在完成进行时，根据主将从现原则，主句需用一般将来时，又因主句的主语为“The teacher”，故主句的句型结构为：主语+won’t+动词原形+宾语+其他。故填won’t；until。
Wherever
【详解】句意：无论他去哪，他的宠物狗都跟着他。no matter where表示“无论哪里”，可以用副词wherever替换，句首首字母大写。故填Wherever。
doesn’t help
【详解】句意：他周末帮忙打扫卫生。此处要求变为否定句，主语是He，助动词用其否定式doesn’t，其后跟动词原形help，其他保持不变。故填doesn’t help .
share with
【详解】此处缺少“与...分享 ...”，英语表达为share sth with sb，此处应填share；with。
lent to
【详解】句意：杰克上周从他姐姐那里借了一本书。borrow 和lend是反义词，但可以表达同一件事的不同视角：borrow“借入”，主语是“接受物品的人”。lend“借出”主，语是“提供物品的人”。介词搭配变化：borrow from → lend to人称调整：原句主语是 Jack，转换后主语变为 Jack’s sister。lend sth. to sb.“借给某人某物”，根据“last week.”可知，时态是一般过去时，故lend需用过去式lent。故填lent；to。
didn’t work
【详解】句意：约翰试着打了电话，但死机了。因此表示电话不运行了，work“运行”，是实义动词，根据“was”可知，此处用一般过去时，表示不运行，因此用助动词didn’t，故填didn’t；work。
too to
【详解】句意：细菌太小了，我们看不见它们。so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，可以转换为too...to...“太……而不能……”，二者都能表达因某种程度而导致的结果，此处so small that we can’t see them与too small to see意思相同。故填too； to。
doesn’t do
【详解】句意：汤姆每天做早操。do morning exercises做早操，这里的do是实义动词，变否定句在实义动词前面加doesn’t，原句谓语动词does恢复原形do。故填doesn’t; do。
10． Why can anyone try paper-cutting
【详解】根据词汇及标点提示可知，句子是特殊疑问句。特殊疑问词Why放在句首，后接一般疑问句语序，即情态动词can提前，主语是anyone，谓语是try，paper-cutting作宾语。故填Why can anyone try paper-cutting“为什么任何人都可以尝试剪纸”
四、1—5 CAACB 6—10 CABCA
【解析】本文主要讲述了吉姆把摘的草莓都留给妈妈吃的故事。
1．句意：吉姆的母亲叫他去田里找些干木头生火。took带走；brought带来；sent发送。根据“him to the field to find some dried wood for the fire.”可知是派他去找木头。故选C。
2．句意：太阳高高的时候，他已经很热了，希望有一个凉爽的地方休息和吃点东西。cool凉爽的；hot热的；warm温暖的。根据“he was very hot”可知他很热，所以想找一个凉爽的地方。故选A。
3．句意：他发现了一些树荫，旁边有漂亮的野草莓。strawberries草莓；bananas香蕉；pears梨。根据“all of the strawberries”可知是发现了草莓。故选A。
4．句意：他摘下了所有的草莓。made up编造；got up起床；picked up捡起。根据“all of the strawberries”可知是把所有的草莓都摘了下来，用pick up。故选C。
5．句意：他问他自己。herself她自己；himself他自己；myself我自己。根据“he asked...”可知是他问他自己。故选B。
6．句意：我会吃一半，然后把另一半带给她。other其他的；another多者中的另一个；the other两者中的另一个。根据“I will eat half and take...half”可知是自己吃一半，另一边留给妈妈，用the other。故选C。
7．句意：当太阳开始落山时，吉姆出发回家了。set out出发；took out拿出；ate out出去吃。根据“When the sun was beginning to set”可知太阳落山，要出发回家。故选A。
8．句意：他对自己感到非常满意，因为他把所有的草莓都留给了生病的母亲。that引导从句，无意义；because因为；until直到。前后两句是因果关系，前果后因，用because引导原因状语从句。故选B。
9．句意：你为什么这么晚才回来？when什么时候；what什么；why为什么。根据“do you come back so late”可知是询问为什么回来这么晚。故选C。
10．句意：吉姆高兴地跑过去对她说。happily快乐地；angrily生气地；hardly几乎不。根据“he felt happy”可知他很开心。故选A。
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