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教科版 九上UNIT 3 Election Promises. 同步词汇笔记
序号 单词 词形变化 派生词 核心考点 例句
1 immigration / m ɡre n/ n. 移民入境 不可数名词，无复数 immigrate / m ɡre t/ v. 移民入境 1. immigration policy（移民政策）2. immigration office（移民局） 1. The country has a new immigration policy to attract skilled workers.（该国出台了新的移民政策，以吸引技术工人。）2. He went to the immigration office to apply for a visa.（他去移民局申请签证。）
2 entry / entr / n. 进入；入口 复数：entries enter / ent (r)/ v. 进入 1. entry to sth.（进入……的权利/入口）2. entry fee（入场费） 1. You need a ticket for entry to the museum.（进入博物馆需要门票。）2. The entry fee for the concert is 50 yuan per person.（这场音乐会的入场费是每人50元。）
3 confident / k nf d nt/ adj. 自信的 比较级：more confident；最高级：most confident confidence / k nf d ns/ n. 自信 be confident in sb./sth.（对某人/某物有信心） 1. She is confident in her ability to finish the task on time.（她对自己按时完成任务的能力有信心。）2. Practicing speaking English every day makes him more confident.（每天练习说英语让他更自信了。）
4 election / lek n/ n. 选举 复数：elections elect / lekt/ v. 选举；推选（见序号15） 1. hold an election（举行选举）2. presidential election（总统选举） 1. The school will hold an election for student president next week.（学校下周将举行学生会主席选举。）2. He took part in the local election and won.（他参加了地方选举并获胜。）
5 passport / pɑ sp t/, / p s p rt/ n. 护照 复数：passports N/A 1. passport number（护照号码）2. valid passport（有效护照） 1. You must bring your passport when traveling abroad.（出国旅行时必须携带护照。）2. She applied for a new passport because her old one expired.（她的旧护照到期了，所以申请了新护照。）
6 nationality / n n l ti/ n. 国籍 复数：nationalities national / n n l/ adj. 国家的；民族的 1. one's nationality（某人的国籍）2. change nationality（更改国籍） 1. What is your nationality I am Chinese.（你的国籍是什么？我是中国国籍。）2. He was born in Canada but has Chinese nationality.（他出生在加拿大，但拥有中国国籍。）
7 literature / l t r t /, / l t r t r/ n. 文学；文学作品 不可数名词，无复数 literary / l t r ri/ adj. 文学的 1. classic literature（经典文学）2. literature works（文学作品） 1. We learned about many famous writers in world literature class.（在世界文学课上，我们了解了很多著名作家。）2. Her favorite type of literature is poetry.（她最喜欢的文学类型是诗歌。）
8 vote /v t/ v. 投票；表决；n. 选票；得票数 1. v. 过去式/过去分词：voted2. n. 复数：votes N/A 1. v. vote for sb.（投票支持某人）2. n. get many votes（获得很多选票） 1. Most people voted for him in the class monitor election.（在班长选举中，大多数人投票支持他。）2. This candidate got more votes than others and won the election.（这位候选人比其他人获得更多选票，赢得了选举。）
9 cast a vote /kɑ st v t/ 短语 投票 无词形变化（cast过去式cast，短语过去式cast a vote） N/A cast a vote for sb.（为某人投票） 1. Every adult has the right to cast a vote in the national election.（每个成年人在全国选举中都有投票权。）2. She cast a vote for the candidate who cared about environmental issues.（她为关注环境问题的候选人投了票。）
10 campaign /k m pe n/ n. （宣传）活动；运动 复数：campaigns N/A 1. launch a campaign（发起活动）2. environmental campaign（环保活动） 1. The school launched a campaign to save water last month.（学校上个月发起了一场节水活动。）2. They joined a campaign to protect endangered animals.（他们加入了保护濒危动物的运动。）
11 run for /r n f (r)/ 短语 竞选 无词形变化（run过去式ran，短语过去式ran for） N/A run for + 职位（竞选某职位） 1. He decided to run for class president because he wanted to help classmates.（他想帮助同学，所以决定竞选班长。）2. The old man ran for mayor and won the support of many citizens.（这位老人竞选市长，获得了很多市民的支持。）
12 president / prez d nt/ n. 主席；总统 复数：presidents presidential / prez den l/ adj. 总统的；主席的 1. the president of（……的主席/总统）2. school president（学生会主席） 1. The president of the United States will visit our country next year.（美国总统明年将访问我国。）2. She was elected as the school president by her classmates.（她被同学们选为学生会主席。）
13 give a speech /ɡ v spi t / 短语 发表演讲 无词形变化（give过去式gave，短语过去式gave a speech） N/A give a speech about sth.（就某事发表演讲） 1. The principal gave a speech about safety to all students this morning.（今天早上，校长就安全问题给全体学生发表了演讲。）2. He gave a speech about his election promises at the meeting.（他在会议上就自己的竞选承诺发表了演讲。）
14 elect / lekt/ v. 选举；推选 过去式/过去分词：elected election / lek n/ n. 选举（见序号4） elect sb. as + 职位（选举某人为某职位） 1. We elected her as our class monitor because she is responsible.（我们选举她当班长，因为她很有责任心。）2. The people elected him as the new mayor of the city.（市民们选举他为该市的新市长。）
15 seriously / s ri sli/ adv. 认真地；严肃地 无词形变化 serious / s ri s/ adj. 严肃的；认真的 1. take sth. seriously（认真对待某事）2. speak seriously（严肃地说） 1. You should take your studies seriously if you want to get good grades.（如果你想取得好成绩，就应该认真对待学习。）2. The teacher spoke seriously to the students who broke the rules.（老师对违反规则的学生严肃地谈话。）
16 audience / di ns/ n. 观众；听众 集体名词，单复数同形（表“整体”用单数，表“个体”用复数） N/A 1. a large audience（大量观众/听众）2. the audience claps（观众鼓掌） 1. There was a large audience at the school concert last night.（昨晚学校音乐会有很多观众。）2. The audience listened carefully to the speaker's speech.（听众认真听演讲者的发言。）
17 clap /kl p/ v. 鼓掌；n. 掌声 1. v. 过去式/过去分词：clapped2. n. 复数：claps N/A 1. v. clap for sb.（为某人鼓掌）2. n. loud claps（响亮的掌声） 1. The audience clapped for the singer for five minutes.（观众为歌手鼓掌了五分钟。）2. We heard loud claps from the hall after the performance ended.（表演结束后，我们听到大厅里传来响亮的掌声。）
18 principal / pr ns p l/ n. 负责人；校长 复数：principals N/A 1. school principal（校长）2. company principal（公司负责人） 1. Our school principal often talks with students about their needs.（我们的校长经常和学生交流，了解他们的需求。）2. The principal of the company made an important decision yesterday.（公司负责人昨天做了一个重要决定。）
19 announce / na ns/ v. 宣布 过去式/过去分词：announced announcement / na nsm nt/ n. 通告（见Unit 1序号4） announce sth. to sb.（向某人宣布某事） 1. The teacher announced the exam results to the class this afternoon.（今天下午，老师向全班宣布了考试成绩。）2. The government announced a new policy to protect the environment.（政府宣布了一项新的环保政策。）
20 issue / u / n. 问题；话题 复数：issues N/A 1. solve an issue（解决问题）2. social issue（社会话题） 1. We had a discussion about how to solve this environmental issue.（我们讨论了如何解决这个环境问题。）2. Poverty is a serious social issue in some countries.（贫困在一些国家是严重的社会话题。）
21 victory / v kt ri/ n. 胜利 复数：victories victorious /v k t ri s/ adj. 胜利的（初中选学） 1. win a victory（赢得胜利）2. victory over sth.（战胜某事） 1. The team worked hard and finally won a victory in the match.（这支队伍努力拼搏，最终在比赛中赢得了胜利。）2. Our victory over the disease made everyone happy.（我们战胜了疾病，大家都很高兴。）
22 watch out /w t a t/ 短语 小心 无词形变化（watch过去式watched，短语过去式watched out） N/A watch out for sth.（小心某物/某事） 1. Watch out for the wet floor—it's easy to slip.（小心湿地板，很容易滑倒。）2. My mom told me to watch out for cars when crossing the street.（妈妈告诉我过马路时要小心车辆。）
23 cricket / kr k t/ n. 蟋蟀 复数：crickets N/A N/A 1. We heard the sound of crickets in the grass at night.（晚上我们听到草丛里蟋蟀的叫声。）2. The little boy caught a cricket and put it in a small box.（小男孩抓了一只蟋蟀，把它放进了小盒子里。）
24 wetland / wetl nd/ n. 沼泽地；湿地 复数：wetlands N/A 1. protect wetlands（保护湿地）2. wetland ecosystem（湿地生态系统） 1. Wetlands are important habitats for many birds.（湿地是很多鸟类的重要栖息地。）2. Our city is building a park to protect the local wetland.（我们城市正在建一个公园，以保护当地的湿地。）
25 ecosystem / i k s st m/ n. 生态系统 复数：ecosystems N/A 1. protect the ecosystem（保护生态系统）2. balanced ecosystem（平衡的生态系统） 1. Cutting down too many trees will destroy the forest ecosystem.（砍伐过多树木会破坏森林生态系统。）2. We should do our best to keep the ecosystem balanced.（我们应该尽力保持生态系统的平衡。）
26 endangered / n de nd d/ adj. 濒危的 无比较级/最高级（表“濒危状态”，无程度比较） endanger / n de nd (r)/ v. 使濒危 1. endangered animals（濒危动物）2. endangered plants（濒危植物） 1. Giant pandas are one of the most famous endangered animals in the world.（大熊猫是世界上最著名的濒危动物之一。）2. We need to take action to save endangered plants in the rainforest.（我们需要采取行动拯救热带雨林中的濒危植物。）
27 lay /le / v. 下蛋；产卵；放置 过去式/过去分词：laid（不规则变化） N/A 1. lay eggs（下蛋；产卵）2. lay sth. down（放下某物） 1. Birds usually lay eggs in spring.（鸟类通常在春天产卵。）2. She laid her book down on the table and went to make tea.（她把书放在桌子上，去泡茶了。）
28 extra / ekstr / adj. 额外的；adv. 额外地 无词形变化 N/A 1. adj. extra time（额外时间）2. adj. extra money（额外的钱） 1. The teacher gave us extra time to finish the exam.（老师给了我们额外的时间完成考试。）2. He did a part-time job to earn extra money for his studies.（他做兼职工作，为学习赚取额外的钱。）
29 release /r li s/ v. 放出；释放；n. 释放 1. v. 过去式/过去分词：released2. n. 不可数/复数：releases N/A 1. v. release sth. into（把某物释放到……）2. v. release a prisoner（释放囚犯） 1. The factory was fined for releasing dirty water into the river.（这家工厂因向河里排放污水被罚款。）2. The zookeepers released the healthy animals back into the wild.（动物园管理员将健康的动物放归野外。）
30 absorb / b s b/ v. 吸收 过去式/过去分词：absorbed absorption / b s p n/ n. 吸收（初中选学） 1. absorb water（吸水）2. absorb knowledge（吸收知识） 1. Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air.（植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳。）2. Children can absorb new knowledge quickly when they are young.（孩子小时候能快速吸收新知识。）
31 affect / fekt/ v. 影响 过去式/过去分词：affected effect / fekt/ n. 影响 affect sb./sth.（影响某人/某物） 1. Bad weather can affect our plans for the weekend.（坏天气会影响我们的周末计划。）2. Pollution from cars affects the air quality in the city.（汽车污染影响城市的空气质量。）

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