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新人教版（2024）八年级
上
Unit 3
Section B 1a-2c
【阅读课】
教学目标
快速浏览帖子，把握文章主旨，明确每篇帖子关于“朋友应相似还是不同”的核心观点；
运用略读和精读的阅读技巧，独立找出支持各观点的具体事例和细节信息，如不同朋友的特点以及他们对彼此产生的影响；
结合语境理解文中比较级结构的含义和用法，如 “better than”、“more...than”、“less...than” 等，并运用描述自己与朋友以及朋友之间的异同；
将课堂所学的交友观点和相关表达迁移到实际生活中，学会更全面地看待朋友之间的关系并清晰表达自己对“朋友应相似还是不同”看法，形成对 “What is real friendship ” 的独特理解。
Do you have friends
Do you think friends should be similar or different Why
Are your friends similar to you or different from you
1. What’s the type of the article
A. They are emails.
B. They are posts.
C. They are diary entries.
D. They are WeChat chat records.
Tip: The requirements and the structure of the text can help determine the type of the article.
/ f r m/ n. 论坛
Read the posts. What are Matt’s and Diana’s opinions
1b
Question: Should friends be similar or different
Matt: Friends should be alike.
Diana: Friends should be different.
What do you think
Read and match the people with the descriptions.
1c
A. reads a lot of novels
B. reads more history books
C. gives direct opinions
D. is kind of shy
E. helps a friend become more outgoing
1. Matt
2. Stephen
3. Diana
4. Yuan Lei
5. Zhang Yong
direct /d rekt; dɑ rekt/
adj. 率直的；直接的
opinion / p nj n/
n. 看法；意见
Read the posts again and answer the questions.
1d
mirror / m r (r)/ n. 镜子
03
Because Stephen plays badminton better than Matt. Matt tries harder when he practises because of that.
3. Why is Matt getting better at badminton
02
They have similar hobbies and interests. They both love sports. Also, he is as serious as Matt. When not playing sports, they both enjoy reading together.
2. In what ways is Stephen similar to Matt
01
Because you can understand people by knowing their friends.
1. Why does Matt think that a good friend is like a mirror
04
Because this honest friend, Zhang Yong, is not afraid to give his opinion, especially when he thinks Diana is making a mistake.
4. Why is Diana glad to have an honest friend
How should we treat each other’s differences
We should respect each other’s differences and learn from each other.
Let’s debate.
Post-reading
Discuss the questions.
1d
What can similarities bring to a friendship
What can differences bring to a friendship
What really matters
in a friendship
Similarities
Shared activities; Deeper understanding; Comfort and familiarity...
Differences
Personal growth; Exposure to new perspectives; Complementary skills and qualities...
respect; support; honesty...
similarity / s m l r ti/ n. 相似之处
friendship / frend p/ n. 友谊；友情
______________ being afraid to speak in front of people
______________ being friendly and liking to meet people
______________ not wanting to do anything
______________ speaking in a straightforward way
______________ not laughing a lot
______________ putting a lot of time into a job and doing it well
Find the words hidden in the word snake. Then match them with the meanings.
2a
shy
outgoing
lazy
direct
serious
hard-working
Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
2b
1. The ____________ of Shanghai is much larger than that of Lanzhou.
2. The weather was ____________, with white clouds and warm sunshine.
3. We got great ____________ from the prize we won.
4. We should respect the ____________ in others.
5. I love all fruits, ____________ strawberries.
6. The ____________ height of the students in the class is around 1.6 metres.
7. I enjoy reading books in my ____________ time.
8. It is about three ____________ from my house to school.
average spare differences especially pleasure kilometres population pleasant
population
pleasant
pleasure
differences
especially
average
spare
kilometres
metre / mi t (r)/ (= meter) n. 米
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
2c
The prince, Edward, and the poor boy, Tom, are the two characters in Mark Twain’s famous ____________, The Prince and the Pauper. They looked ____________ and both had kind ____________. They exchanged their lives by accident.
During his time as a pauper, Edward learnt to respect others. ____________ this, he also realized that people’s lives were much harder than he expected. After becoming king, he made a ____________by trying to help the people of his country.
personality alike novel difference besides
novel
alike
personalities
Besides
difference
prince /pr ns/ n. 王子
character / k r kt (r)/ n. 人物；个性
pauper / p p (r)/ n. 贫民；乞丐
exchange / ks t e nd / v. & n. 交换
accident / ks d nt/ n. 意外；（交通）事故
by accident
偶然；意外地
expect / k spekt/
v. 预料；期待
Find the words hidden in the word snake. Then match them with the meanings.
2a
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
being afraid to speak in front of people
being friendly and liking to meet people
not wanting to do anything
speaking in a straightforward way
not laughing a lot
putting a lot of time into a job and doing it well
outgoing
lazy
direct
serious
hard-working
将……投入……
be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
shy
Usual level, not high or low
Free time
All people in one place
Nice, making you feel happy
Ways things are not the same
A nice and happy feeling
Match the words with its explanations
2b
你知道吗？英文单词也有“部首”哦。在英语中，它们叫“词缀”。在单词前面叫“前缀”，单词后面叫“后缀”
please
v. 使开心
pleasure n. 开心；荣幸
pleasant adj. 开心的；
different
adj. 不同的
difference n. 不同点
average spare differences especially pleasure kilometres population pleasant
2b
Complete the sentences with the words in the box
1.The________________of Shanghai is much larger than that of Lanzhou.
句子比较上海和兰州的某一属性，“population”（人口）是描述城市规模常用的属性，“the population of...” 是固定表达，意为 “…… 的人口” 。
population
语义：描述天气有白云和温暖阳光，是 “令人愉快的（pleasant ）” ，所以选形容词 “pleasant” 。
2.The weather was _______, with white clouds and warm sunshine.
pleasant
语法：“got great...” 后接名词，作宾语 。
语义：从赢得的奖品中获得 “愉快；快乐（pleasure ）” ，用名词 “pleasure”
3. We got great _______ from the prize we won.
pleasure
语法：“the + 名词 + in...” 结构，需要名词 。
语义：尊重他人身上的 “差异；不同之处（differences ）” ，这里用复数形式 “differences” ，因为人的差异是多样的 。
4.We should respect the _________ in others.
differences
__
average spare differences especially pleasure kilometres population pleasant
Complete the sentences with the words in the box
2b
6.The_________height of the students in the class is around 1.6 metres.
“height of the students”（学生身高）“average”（平均的 ）构成 “the average height”（平均身高）这一常用表达
7.I enjoy reading books in my______________time.
average
spare
8.It is about three_________________from my house to school.
kilometers
5.I love all fruits,_______________strawberries.
especially
average spare differences especially pleasure kilometres population pleasant
2b
Complete the sentences with the words in the box
Who is he
Mark Twain
马克·吐温是美国作家、演说家。代表作品有《百万英镑》。他是美国批判现实主义文学的奠基人。
Mark Twain was an American writer and orator. His representative works include "The Million Pound Note". He was the founder of American critical realism literature.
Which of his works do you know
The Prince and the Pauper
The Prince and the Pauper is a famous novel by Mark Twain. It tells the story of Prince Edward and a poor boy named Tom who accidentally switch places. Tom enjoys a life of luxury in the palace and even becomes king for a while, while Edward suffers hardships as a beggar on the streets. With the help of a kind man named Hendon, Edward learns important lessons and grows stronger. In the end, Tom returns the throne to the rightful prince, and Edward becomes a wise and kind king, bringing happiness to his people.
《王子与贫儿》是马克·吐温的代表作，讲述王子爱德华和贫儿汤姆因意外互换身份的故事。汤姆在王宫享受富贵并暂代王位，而爱德华流落民间，历经磨难，在亨顿的帮助下成长。最终汤姆归还王位，爱德华成为仁慈的君主，与子民过上幸福生活。
电影节选《王子与贫儿互换身份》
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box.
The prince, Edward, and the poor boy, Tom, are the two characters in Mark Twain’s famous ____________, The Prince and the Pauper. They looked ____________ and both had kind ____________. They exchanged their lives by accident.
During his time as a pauper, Edward learnt to respect others. ____________ this, he also realized that people’s lives were much harder than he expected. After becoming king, he made a ____________by trying to help the people of his country.
novel
alike
personalities
Besides
difference
prince /pr ns/ n. 王子
character / k r kt (r)/ n. 人物；个性
pauper / p p (r)/ n. 贫民；乞丐
exchange / ks t e nd / v. & n. 交换
accident / ks d nt/ n. 意外；（交通）事故
by accident
偶然；意外地
expect / k spekt/
v. 预料；期待
2c
personality alike novel difference besides
介绍作品与人物
描述特征
说明影响
2c 叙事逻辑分析
Introduce two friends or two cities by using the key words in 2a and 2b
介绍主题
描述特征
说明影响
Summary
New words
Sentences
alike; mirror; interest; novel; difference; sense; humour; less; straightforward; opinion; honest; direct; similarity; friendship; metre; prince; character; pauper; exchange; accident; expect;
We often hang out together because ...
For example, we both love sports.
He plays badminton better than I do, so he always wins our matches.
For me, friends who are different make me better.
能够表达和讲述自己与自己的朋友的相同与不同
Functions
Expressions
thanks to; make a mistake; by accident
按要求写出正确的单词、词组或句子。
米 (名词) __________ 2. 王子 (名词) ___________
3. 角色(名词) __________ 4. 乞丐(名词) __________
5. 交换(动词) __________ 6. 期待 (动词) __________
7. 意外地（短语）__________ 8. 害怕（短语）________
9. 我们从赢得的奖品中获得很大的快乐。 ___________________________
10.他们意外地交换了人生。 _______________________
11. 我享受在业余时间阅读。___________________
12. 我喜欢所有的水果，尤其是草莓。
________________________________________
meter
prince
character
pauper
exchange
expect
by accident
be afraid to do
We got great pleasure from the prize we won.
They exchanged their lives by accident
I enjoy reading books in my spare time.
I love all fruits, especially strawberries.
自我检测
The main ____________ (character) in this novel are very interesting.
The ____________ (population) of these two cities are quite different.
She enjoys reading ____________ (novel) in her spare time.
They ____________ (exchange) gifts at the Christmas party last year.
I ____________ (expect) him to arrive earlier, but he was late.
She always ____________ (expect) the best from her students.
His kindness makes a big____________ (different) in our hometown.
The twins look very ____________ (like), but their personalities are different.
The weather in this city these days is ____________ (please), neither too hot nor too cold.
I found this old photo ____________ accident while cleaning my room.
He is ____________ (especial) good at working out math problems.
单句填词
characters
populations
novels
exchanged
expected
expects
difference
alike
pleasant
by
especially
基础层：抄写本课时核心词汇（10 个）和 Matt、Diana 的观点句（各 1 遍）；完成 2b、2c 练习的订正与仿写（各仿写 1 句）。
完善课堂上的“友谊卡片” 初稿，补充 “相似 / 不同对友谊的影响” 部分；写 3-5 句话描述自己与朋友的相似与不同。
完成“友谊卡片” 设计并在班级展示；撰写 60-80 词短文 “ My Ideal Friendship”。
Language Points!
1. We often hang out together because we have similar hobbies and interests. 我们经常一起出去玩，因为我们有相似的爱好和兴趣。
hang out 闲逛；出去玩；待在一起
【拓展】hang的动词短语
(1) hang on 握住不放；坚持住；稍等（常用于电话中）
Hang on tight! The car is turning. 抓紧了！车子要转弯了。
Hang on a second, I need to grab my keys. 稍等一下，我得拿钥匙。
(2) hang around/hang about 闲逛；逗留
Language Points!
We hung around the café discussing plans. 我们在咖啡馆里闲逛，讨论着计划。
He hung about outside the store, not sure whether to go in.
他在商店外面逗留，不确定是否要进去。
(3) hang together 团结一致；相互支持
As a team, we must hang together to win the game.
作为团队，我们必须团结一致赢得比赛。
Their stories don’t hang together—something’s wrong.
他们的说法不一致 —— 有问题。
Language Points!
2. For example, we both love sports. 例如，我们都热爱运动。
For example 用于举例说明，引出具体的例子。可置于句首、句中或句尾，用逗号隔开。
【拓展】同义词 / 短语
(1) For instance
用法：与 for example 几乎完全相同，更正式一些，多用于书面语。
例句：For instance, some birds migrate south in winter.
例如，有些鸟类在冬天会南迁。
(2) Such as
Language Points!
用法：直接列举事物（无需逗号），后接名词或名词短语，不能接句子。
例句：She likes fruits such as apples and bananas.
她喜欢苹果、香蕉之类的水果。
注意：不与 etc. 连用（such as 已包含 “等等” 的含义）。
Like
用法：口语中常用，后接名词或名词短语，相当于 such as。
例句：He enjoys outdoor activities like hiking and camping.
他喜欢徒步、露营之类的户外活动。
Language Points!
3. He plays badminton better than I do, so he always wins our matches. 他羽毛球打得比我好，所以我们比赛时他总是赢。
I read more history books than he does, and he reads a lot of novels. 我读的历史书比他多，而他读了很多小说。
当than前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。该助动词也可以省略。
例如：
I’m more outgoing than my sister. 我比我姐姐 / 妹妹更外向。
You know more about yourself than I (do). 你比我更了解你自己。
Exercise-根据句意和汉语提示完成句子
1. We should respect the ____________ (差异) between people.
2. His sense of _____________ (幽默) makes him popular among friends.
3. I have a great ___________ (兴趣) in reading novels.
4. The two brothers look very __________ (相像的).
5. Please be ________________ (直截了当的) and tell me what you really think.
differences
humour
interest
alike
straightforward
Some people think that friends should be alike, but some other people think that friends should be different. What do you think Should friends be similar or different
Part 3. Let’s learn!
alike / la k/ adj. 相像的 adv. 相似地
Tom’s Post
Should引导的疑问句
I think a good friend is like a mirror. You can understand people by knowing their friends. My friend, Stephen, is a great example. We often hang out together because we have similar hobbies and interests. For example, we both love sports. He plays badminton better than I do, so he always wins our matches. Because of that, I try harder when I practise, and now I’m getting better at badminton. Stephen and I are similar in other ways. He is as serious as me. When we aren’t playing sports, we enjoy reading together. I read more history books than he does, and he reads a lot of novels. We often share interesting books with each other.
/ ntrest/ n. 业余爱好；兴趣 v. 使感兴趣
Matt’s Post
/ m r (r)/ n. 镜子
闲逛；出去玩；待在一起
因为
在......其他方面
严肃的；认真的
I don’t agree. For me, friends who are different make me better. I think we should respect each other’s differences and learn from each other. For example, I am kind of shy, but my best friend, Yuan Lei, is outgoing. She has a great sense of humour too. Thanks to her, I am becoming more outgoing. Now I think meeting new people is really fun!
I have another friend, Zhang Yong. He is not afraid to give his opinion, especially when he thinks I am making a mistake. I am less straightforward than he is, but I am glad to have an honest friend.
Diana’s Post
/ d fr ns/ n. 差异
/sens/ n. 理解力；感觉
a sense of......一种......的感觉
归功于；由于；因为
/ hju m / n. 幽默；幽默感
be afraid of 害怕......
make a mistake 犯错误
/ stre t f w d/
adj. 坦率的；简单的
/ p nj n/ n. 看法；意见
/ n st/ adj. 坦诚的；诚实的
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Unit 3 Same or Different
Section B 1a-2c 第 4 课时自主学习单
预备性知识及练习
任务 A 词汇唤醒与趣味匹配
回顾教材中描述 “人物性格、友谊特点” 的核心词汇，完成 “词汇分类” 游戏（每类至少 3 个）：
性格描述类 友谊相关类 相似/差异类
shy, _______, _________ help,_______, ________ alike, _______, _________
完成 “词汇连连看”：将词汇与对应的英文释义连线
direct A. having the same qualities or characteristics
lazy B. honest and saying what you think without hiding anything
alike C. not willing to work or use energy
pleasure D. a feeling of happiness or satisfaction
任务 B 话题思考与预测
结合本节课 “朋友应相似还是不同” 主题，完成 “观点小卡片”：
Write down your initial opinion (Choose one):
□ Friends should be similar.
□ Friends should be different.
Give 1 simple reason (1 sentence, English or Chinese):
自评星级：☆☆☆☆☆
基础性知识及练习
任务 C 略读寻观点
快速阅读教材 1b 中 Matt 和 Diana 的论坛帖子，完成 “观点速记”：
Matt’s main opinion about friends:
Diana’s main opinion about friends:
任务 D 精读找细节
Match the people with their descriptions (Fill in letters):
Matt A. is outgoing and makes Diana more outgoing
Stephen B. gives direct opinions and is an honest friend
Yuan Lei C. reads more history books
Zhang Yong D. reads a lot of novels
Answer the question based on the posts:
How does Stephen help Matt
任务 E 词汇巧应用
用教材 2b 中的词汇（population, differences, especially 等）补全句子：
We should respect the ______ between different people.
Shanghai has a large ______ than many other cities in China.
I love all sports, ______ swimming.
自评星级：☆☆☆☆☆
拓展性知识及练习
任务 F 观点辩论小脚本
结合课堂 1e 讨论，设计 “迷你辩论” 脚本（2 人对话，4-5 句），需包含：
1 reference to Matt/Diana’s opinion
1 reason for your side
Example:
Student A: I agree with Matt. Friends should be similar because we can share hobbies.
Student B: But I think Diana is right. Different friends make us better. My friend is outgoing and helps me be brave.
Student A: ____________________________________________________
Student B: ____________________________________________________
任务 G 拓展阅读与思考
Read the short passage “Friendship: Similar or Different” and answer questions:
Friendship is like a garden. Some friends are like the same kind of flowers—they make the garden look neat. Others are different flowers—they make the garden more colorful. What matters is that all flowers grow well together.
What does the passage compare friendship to
Do you agree with the passage Why
挑战性知识及练习
任务 H 创意 “友谊卡片” 制作
Make a “Friendship Card” for your best friend, including:
2 adjectives to describe your friend (e.g., outgoing, kind)
1 similarity/difference between you two (in English)
1 sentence about why your friendship is great
任务 I 学习目标自测表
学习目标（对应任务） 自评（★★★★★） 同伴/教师反馈
Master core vocabulary (Tasks A, E) ________ ________
Understand forum posts (Tasks C, D) ________ ________
Express opinions about friendship (Tasks F, H) ________ ________
自评星级：☆☆☆☆☆

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