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Unit 3 Same or Different Section A Grammar Focus
第 3 课时自主学习单
预备性知识及练习
任务 A 词汇唤醒与拓展
回顾并写出教材中与 “比较级描述”“事物 / 人物特征” 相关的核心词汇（至少 6 个，含形容词、副词及比较级）：
________ /________/________ /________/________ /________
为下列语法相关维度补充合适的词汇及变化形式，每个维度至少 2 个：
| 语法维度 | 原级（形容词 / 副词） | 比较级形式 |
| 描述外貌 / 特征 | ________, ________ | ________, ________ |
| 描述行为 / 状态 | ________, ________ | ________, ________ |
| 不规则变化 | ________, ________ | ________, ________ |
任务 B 句型匹配与运用
将左侧语法功能与右侧英文句型连线，并在括号内标注句型结构（如：比较级 + than /as + 原级 + as）。
描述 “A 比 B 更…… 一点” ( ) A. This book is as interesting as that one.
描述 “A 和 B 一样……” ( ) B. Tom runs much faster than his brother.
表达 “比较级修饰程度” ( ) C. My sister is a little taller than me.
说明 “多音节词比较级” ( ) D. English is more useful than some other subjects.
自评星级：☆☆☆☆☆
基础性知识及练习
任务 C 听力预判与准备
结合课堂将播放的 “比较级歌曲” 及语法主题，提前预判内容，完成下列练习：
推测歌曲中可能描述的场景（可多选，在□内打√）：
□ 自然现象（天气、植物等） Natural phenomena (weather, plants, etc.)
□ 日常事物（心情、梦想等） Daily things (mood, dreams, etc.)
□ 人物活动（运动、学习等） People's activities (sports, study, etc.)
□ 其他：________ Other.
列出 3 个你认为歌曲中会出现的比较级词汇（含形容词 / 副词）：
________ /________/________
任务 D 句子语法分析（结合教材 3a）
阅读教材 3a 中含比较级的句子，完成表格填空：
原句 比较级词汇 词汇词性 （adj./adv.） 词汇原级 比较级变化规则
There are more activities this year. more adj.（修饰 activities） many 不规则变化
It is more colourful than last year. more colourful ________ colourful ________
Emma is taller than Ella. taller ________ tall ________
Ella dances better than Emma. better ________ well ________
Emma sings louder than her. louder ________ loud ________
任务 E 自我与同伴对比
以 “Me & My Desk-mate” 为主题，用比较级句型描述你与同桌的异同（各写 2 句，需含不同比较级结构）：
相同点（用 as + 原级 + as）：①________________ ②________________
不同点（用比较级 + than）：①________________ ②________________
自评星级：☆☆☆☆☆
拓展性知识及练习
任务 F 句型转换与应用
根据要求完成比较级句型转换，每空一词：
Tom is tall. Mike is taller.（合并为一句）
Mike is ________ ________ Tom.
Lily works hard. Lucy works hard, too.（合并为一句）
Lily works ________ ________ ________ Lucy.
The red box is big. The blue box is bigger.（改为否定句，表 “前者不如后者”）
The red box ________ ________ big ________ the blue box.
This story is interesting. That story is more interesting.（用 “much” 修饰比较级）
That story is ________ ________ ________ than this one.
任务 G 城市数据对比（结合教材 3c）
根据广州与芝加哥的相关数据，用比较级完成下列句子（可参考方框内词汇：large, small, warm, cool, much）：
The population of Guangzhou is ________ ________ that of Chicago.
Chicago's area is ________ ________ Guangzhou's.
Guangzhou has ________ ________ rainfall per year than Chicago.
In January, Chicago is ________ ________ Guangzhou.
Guangzhou is ________ ________ than Chicago in July.
任务 H 角色扮演脚本设计
结合课堂 “比较级描述事物” 主题，为 “导购员、顾客” 设计一段 5-6 句的对话脚本，需包含：
1 处 “as + 原级 + as” 描述 ② 2 处 “比较级 + than” 描述 ③ 1 个关于物品特征的问题
脚本示例（仅供参考，需自主创作）：
Shop assistant: Can I help you This bag is as durable as that one.
Customer: Thank you! Is this bag lighter than that black one
Shop assistant: ________________
Customer: ________________
Shop assistant: ________________
Customer: ________________
任务 I “理想文具” 特征描述
参考课堂 “描述差异” 活动，用比较级写出你理想文具（如钢笔、笔记本）的 3 个特征及原因：
我希望我的钢笔比现在的________（如：smoother），因为________________。
我希望我的笔记本和图书馆的________（如：thick），因为________________。
我希望我的文具比同学的________（如：more beautiful），因为________________。
自评星级：☆☆☆☆☆
挑战性知识及练习
任务 J 短文写作：Things Around Me
题目：My Pen vs. My Pencil
要求：比较自己的钢笔和铅笔，从外观、使用感受、适用场景 3 个维度展开，至少使用 4 种比较级结构（含规则变化、不规则变化、as + 原级 + as、程度副词修饰），词数 60-80。
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
任务 K 家庭物品对比卡制作
观察家中两件相似物品（如两台风扇、两个杯子），用英语记录它们的关键特征（如尺寸、颜色、功能）：
物品 1（名称：）：________________
物品 2（名称：）：________________
制作 “家庭物品对比卡”，包含：
2 处用比较级描述的差异：
1 句说明 “选择某件物品的原因”（用比较级表达）：
任务 L 校园场景应用：活动工具选择
假设班级要举办 “手工制作比赛”，需为活动选择合适的工具（如剪刀、胶水、彩纸）。请用比较级为 3 种工具说明 “为什么适合比赛”，每点理由用 1 句比较级句子：
选择________（工具）：因为________________。
选择________（工具）：因为________________。
选择________（工具）：因为________________。
任务 M 创意语法海报设计
绘制 1 幅简单漫画或图表，展现 “形容词 / 副词比较级变化规则”（如单音节词 + er、多音节词 + more、不规则变化），并在海报旁用 3-4 句英文标注规则（每句含 1 个比较级例子）：
自评星级：☆☆☆☆☆
附：学习目标自测表（完成练习后自我评估）
学习目标（对应任务） 自评（★★★★★） 同伴/教师签字
掌握比较级核心词汇及变化规则（任务 A、F） ________ ________
能分析比较级句型结构及功能（任务 B、D） ________ ________
能用比较级描述人 / 物 / 城市差异（任务 E、G） ________ ________
能完成比较级句型转换与创作（任务 H、I） ________ ________
能在真实场景中运用比较级解决问题（任务 L） ________ ________
能通过创意形式呈现比较级语法（任务 M） ________ ________(共28张PPT)
新人教版（2024）八年级
上
Unit 3
Section A 2a-2e
【听说课】
use rules for forming comparatives to turn adjectives/adverbs into their comparative forms.
l use comparative structures to make sentences that compare two people, things or cities.
use comparative words and sentences to share how to describe differences between people or things in our daily life.
Let’s watch.
Lead-in
Part 1. Question
What does this video talk about
Laura’s information
Name
age
Personality
Strength
hobby
Appearance
Preference
Part 2. Think and say
Can you compare Laura with Linda
For example:
(1) Linda is much younger than Laura.
(2) Linda’s hair is as long as Laura’s.
(3) Linda’s eyes are as blue as Laura’s.
(4) They both like red.
Linda
Grass gets greener
Days gets warmer
Sun gets brighter
Brighter and brighter
Dreams get bigger
Smiles get wider
Love gets stronger
Stronger and stronger
It gets better
更绿
更温暖
更亮
更大
更广阔
更强大
更好
Listen and fill
Read the sentences and notice the comparatives in bold.
3a
comparatives 比较级
There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s.
Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!
Which parts of speech (词性) have comparative forms
There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s.
Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!
形容词
形容词(adj)和副词(adv)是有比较级的形式的
形容词
形容词
形容词
副词
副词
副词
There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s.
Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!
many—more
colourful—more colourful
tall—taller
short—shorter
well—better
loud—louder
early—earlier
写出黑体单词的原级(形容词或副词的原形)
adj.的比较级
adv.的比较级
同级比较
There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s.
Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!
many的不规则比较级
多音节colourful 比较级
单音节tall 比较级
单音节short比较级
well 的不规则比较级
单音节loud比较级
双音节early 比较级
不规则变化的一般都是单音节的词
Let’s watch and then teach your partners.
Teach and learn it with the help of the mind map.
Part 1. 形容词和副词的比较级的构成
(1) 规则变化
构成方法 原级 比较级
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，比较级词尾加-er tall; short; fast taller；shorter；faster
以字母e结尾的词，比较级词尾加-r large; late larger；later
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，然后比较级词尾加-er big; fat; thin bigger；fatter；thinner
以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的双音节词，先把y改为i，然后比较级词尾加-er easy; heavy; early easier；heavier；earlier
多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加more构成比较级 beautiful; popular more beautiful；more popular
(2) 不规则变化
原级 比较级 例句
good(形容词) / well(副词) better This is a better plan than the last one.
He plays the piano better than his sister.
bad(形容词) / badly(副词) worse She faced worse challenges in her new job.
He performed worse in the exam than usual.
many(形容词) / much(副词) more There are more books on this shelf.
He speaks English more fluently now.
little(形容词/副词 ) less There is less traffic on weekends.
He talks less but does more.
far(形容词/副词 ) farther(具体距离的远近) Which city is farther
further(抽象意义的深远) We need to discuss this further.
比较
级+than
I’m more outgoing than my sister.
You know more about yourself than I (do).
当than前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。该助动词也可以省略。
比较级前
可以用副词修饰
I’m a little quieter than Ella.
I’m feeling much better today.
Part 2. 形容词和副词的比较级的用法
a little, a bit, slightly（稍微；一点儿）；much, far, a lot, even（…… 得多；甚至更）；still, yet（更；还要）； no （并不）
as + 形容词或副词原形 + as
(1) 表示两者在某一方面相同时，用“as + 形容词或副词原形 + as”的句型。
例如：This apple is as sweet as that one. 这个苹果和那个一样甜。
Tom runs as fast as John. 汤姆跑得和约翰一样快。
(2) 表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时，用“not as / so + 形容词或副词原形 + as”的句型。
例如：This movie is not so interesting as the book. 这部电影不如书有趣。
He doesn’t work as hard as his classmates. 他学习不如同学努力。
拓展
比较级表示最高级的用法
当句子中出现 (more) than + 比较范围（如 anything, anyone, any other...） 时，常隐含最高级含义。
例如：He runs faster than anyone in his class.
他比班上任何人都跑得快 → 他是班上跑得最快的。
This movie is more moving than any other I’ve seen.
这部电影比我看过的任何一部都感人 → 这是我看过的最感人的电影。
Practice
Part 1. Use the words in brackets to write questions and answers.
3b
1. Q: Is Julie slimmer than you ( Julie / slim / you)
A: No, she isn’t. She is as slim as me.
2. Q: _____________________________________ (you / serious / cousin)
A: No, I’m not. I am ___________ than he is.
3. Q: _____________________________________ (Tom / smart / Sam)
A: No, I don’t think so. I think Sam is as ___________ as Tom.
4. Q: _____________________________________ ( Jack / swim / fast / Sally)
A: No, he doesn’t. He swims as ___________ as Sally.
Are you as serious as your cousin
less serious
Do you think Tom is smarter than Sam
smart
Does Jack swim faster than Sally
fast
Part 2. Look at the chart. Then complete the sentences to compare Guangzhou and Chicago. Use the words in the box and than.
3c
Facts
Population (2022) 18.734 million 2.665 million
Area 7,436 square km 589 square km
Average rainfall per year 1,923 mm 910 mm
Average January temperature 16 °C -6 °C
Average July temperature 31 °C 23 °C
Guangzhou
Chicago
large small much warm cool
1. The population of Chicago was _________________ that of Guangzhou in 2022.
2. In area, Guangzhou is _________________ Chicago.
3. If you don’t like rain, you may like Chicago’s weather _________________ Guangzhou’s.
4. Guangzhou has a pleasant temperature in January. It is much _________________ Chicago in January.
5. Chicago is _________________ Guangzhou in July.
smaller than
larger than
more than
warmer than
cooler than
Production
Compare two boys and make at least five sentences using the comparative degree and related grammar.
Tom
Eric
(1) Tom is older than Eric.
(2) Eric's hair is shorter than Tom's.
(3) Tom's hair is longer than Eric's.
(4) Tom's hair color is blonder than Eric's.
(5) Eric is less friendly than Tom.
(6) Tom's outfit is more formal than Eric's.
(7) Eric's clothing style is more casual than Tom's.
(8) Eric's eyes are greener than Tom's.
For example
Tom
Eric
Exercise-翻译题
1. 这个房间比那个房间大一点儿。
This room is a bit bigger than that one.
2. 她学习比我更努力。
She studies harder than me.
3. 这本书比那本书有趣得多。
This book is much more interesting than that one.
4. 他是班里最高的男孩（用比较级表达最高级）。
He is taller than any other boy in the class.
5. 今天比昨天热吗？
Is it hotter today than yesterday
What are the benefits of using comparative degrees in daily life
It helps us describe differences more clearly, like "My schoolbag is heavier than yours."
Summary
New words
fact; slim; population; km; average; rainfall; per; mm;
pleasant
the comparatives
Grammar
(1) 形容词和副词一般具有比较级结构
(2) 比较级的构成：①单音节、双音节、多音节；②规则变化和不规则变化
(3) 比较级的用法：①比较级+than；②比较级前可以用副词修饰
(4) 比较级表达最高级：当句子中出现 (more) than + 比较范围（如 anything, anyone, any other...） 时，常隐含最高级含义。
背熟形容词比较级的基本形式和例子（例如：tall → taller, interesting → more interesting, good → better）。
用比较级写5个句子，比较身边的人或事物（如：我爸爸比我高，熊猫比猫大）。
写一小段话，比较两个动物、两个季节或两个城市，至少用上3个比较句。
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