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(共44张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新”　打通应考之“脉”
UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE
主题语境 人与社会——跨文化沟通
Period 2　课时练案 课文整体阅读(Reading and Thinking)
√
Ⅰ．文章大意
What's mainly talked about in the passage
A．Communication．　 B．Spoken language．
C．Body language． D．Different cultures．
Ⅱ．篇章结构
feelings
eye
same
uses
√
1．How does the author develop the text
A．By giving examples．
B．By giving data．
C．By giving definitions．
D．By making comparisons．
√
2．What's the purpose of the second paragraph
A．To give examples of mistakes the international people make．
B．To give examples of cultural differences in body language．
C．To show how surprised we are by their different behaviour．
D．To show how important body language is．
√
3．Which of the following is NOT true according to paragraph 6
A．A smile can help us get through difficult situations．
B．A smile can help us find friends in a world of strangers．
C．We can't use a smile to apologise．
D．We can use a smile to greet someone，to ask for help，or to start a conversation．
√
4．What does the text mainly tell us
A．How to appreciate the art of non-verbal humour．
B．Ways and context in which people use and understand body language．
C．The function of body language and its implications in different cultures．
D．When and how to convey meanings by means of body language．
1．Do you often use body language to communicate with others
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2．What do you think the meaning of body language is
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[答案]　略
1．demonstrate vt．表现；表达；说明；证明；示范；演示 vi．集会示威
①(教材原句)In Japan，it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person． _________
②These results demonstrate convincingly that our campaign is working． _________
vt．表达
vt．证明
Ⅰ．一词多义/熟词生义
③Her job involves demonstrating new educational software to teachers． _________
④Students from towns in the country started demonstrating against the war． ______________
vt．演示
vi．集会示威
2．favour vt．较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同；支持
①(教材原句)Elsewhere，people favour shaking hands，bowing from the waist，or nodding the head when they meet someone else． ___________
②The warm climate favours many types of tropical plants living there． ____________
③Could you do me a favour and pick up Sam from school today？ ________
④The suggestion to close the road has found favour with local people． _______________
vt．较喜欢
vt．有利于
n．帮助
n．支持；赞同
3．(2023·全国甲卷)It was a neighbor called Mario，coming to bring us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine．It was a very nice gesture for him to make． _________
n．姿态
Ⅱ．词块积累
1．____________________________　 因文化而异
2．____________________________ 适合这种文化
3．____________________________ 进行眼神交流
4．____________________________ 并不总是被认可
5．____________________________ 表示尊敬
6．____________________________ 使用这个手势
vary from culture to culture
be appropriate to the culture
make eye contact
be not always approved of
demonstrate respect
employ the gesture
7．__________________________ 喜欢握手
8．__________________________ 弯腰鞠躬
9．__________________________ 渡过难关
10．_________________________ 消除隔阂；打破障碍
11．_________________________ 寻求帮助
12．_________________________ 感到沮丧或孤独
favour shaking hands
bow from the waist
get through difficult situations
break down barriers
ask for help
feel down or lonely
Ⅲ．写作佳句
1．Just like spoken language，body language _____________________
_______．
就像口语一样，肢体语言也因文化而异。
2．And if we are feeling down or lonely，_______________________ seeing the smiling face of a good friend．
而且如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
varies from culture to
there is nothing better than
culture
3．A smile can help us __________________________ and find friends in a world of strangers．A smile can ______________________．
微笑能帮助我们渡过难关，在陌生人的世界里找到朋友。微笑能够消除隔阂。
get through difficult situations
break down barriers
Ⅳ．长难语句
1．Words are important，but the way people stand，hold their arms，and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings．
[分析]　本句是一个并列复合句。but连接两个_____的分句。后一分句的people stand，hold their arms，and move their hands是省略了that或in which的____ 从句，修饰先行词the way。
[翻译]　___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
并列
定语
言语很重要，但是人们站立、双手抱臂和移动双手的姿势
也能为我们提供有关他们情感的信息。
2．There are also differences in how we touch each other，how close we stand to someone we are talking to，and how we act when we meet or part．
[分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。how we touch…，how close we stand…，and how we act…是三个由how引导的并列的____从句，作介词in的宾语。其中，we are talking to是_____从句，修饰先行词someone；when we meet or part 是_________从句。
[翻译]　___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
宾语
定语
时间状语
差异还表现在我们彼此接触的方式、站着交谈时我们与谈
话对象的距离以及我们见面或告别时的动作方面。
Ⅴ．课文语法填空
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions when 1．_______________(communicate) with other people．
Body language can make us learn a lot about 2．____ people are thinking．Just like 3．_________ (speak) language，body language 4．______ (vary) from culture to culture．The crucial thing is using body language in 5．___way that is appropriate to the culture you are in．For example，the gesture for “OK” has 6．__________ (differ) meanings in different cultures．Even the
communicating
what
spoken
varies
a
different
gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world．Some gestures seem to have the same 7．____________ (mean) everywhere．8．________ (place) your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”．Some body language has many different uses．Perhaps the best example is smiling．A smile can help us get 9．________ difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers．If we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing 10．________ (good) than seeing the smiling face of a good friend．
meaning
Placing
through
better
①thought n．想法；看法；主意
②interaction n．交流；相互影响
interaction with与……的交流
③vary vi．(根据情况)变化；改变
vary from…to…由……到……不等
various adj．各种各样的
variety n．多样化；不同种类
④crucial adj．至关重要的；关键性的
⑤appropriate adj．合适的；恰当的
be appropriate for/to适合……
It is appropriate (for sb．) to do sth．(某人)做某事是合适的
⑥by contrast 相比之下
⑦approve vi．赞成；同意vt．批准；通过
approve of 赞同；同意
approval n．赞成；认可
⑧demonstrate vt．表现；表达；说明；证明
⑨look down俯视；向下看
⑩gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态
witness vt．当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人
witness sb．doing sth．看到某人在做某事
employ vt．使用；应用；雇用
employ sb．to do sth．雇用某人做某事
employ sb．as…雇用某人当……
employee n．雇员
employer n．雇主
identical adj．相同的
be identical to/with…与……一样
interpret vt．把……理解(解释)为vi．& vt．口译
interpret sth．as 把某人的行为或某事理解为
differ vi．相异；不同于
differ from…(＝be different from…) 与……不同/有区别
differ in…在……方面不同
different adj．不同的
difference n．不同之处；差异
make a difference 有影响
by comparison (与……) 相比较
cheek n．面颊；脸颊
favour vt．较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同
in favour of支持；赞同
bow vi．鞠躬；点头 vt．低(头) n．弓；蝴蝶结
bow to sb．向某人鞠躬
waist n．腰；腰部
rest v．(被)支撑；(使)倚靠；托
a way of doing sth．做某事的方法
get through 渡过(难关)；完成；顺利通过(考试等)
break down 消除；分解；打破
barrier n．隔阂；障碍
break down barriers 消除隔阂；打破障碍
language barrier 语言障碍
ask for help 寻求帮助
feel down 感到沮丧
LISTENING TO HOW BODIES TALK
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts① and opinions in our interactions② with other people．We can learn a lot about what people are thinking[1] by watching their body language[2]．Words are important，but the way people stand，hold their arms，and move their hands[3] can also give us information about their feelings．
[1]what people are thinking是what引导的名词性从句，作介词about的宾语，what在从句中作thinking的宾语。
[2]by watching their body language作方式状语。
[3]people stand，hold their arms，and move their hands是定语从句，修饰先行词the way。关系词在从句中作状语，可用that，in which或省略关系词。此处省略了关系词。
Just like spoken language，body language varies③ from culture to culture．The crucial④ thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate⑤ to the culture you are in[4]．For example，making eye contact—looking into someone's eyes—in some countries[5] is a way to display interest．In other countries，by contrast⑥，eye contact is not always approved⑦ of．For example，in many Middle Eastern countries，men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact．In Japan，it may demonstrate⑧ respect to look down⑨ when talking to an older person[6]．
[4]动词-ing形式短语using body language…作表语；that is appropriate to the culture you are in是定语从句，修饰先行词a way，that在从句中作主语，这个句子中的you are in也是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the culture，关系词因在从句中作宾语而被省略。
[5]动词-ing形式短语making eye contact…作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
[6]when talking to an older person是状语从句的省略，补充完整应为when they are talking to an older person。
The gesture⑩ for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures．In Japan，someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture[7] might think it means money．In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero[8]．However，you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany，as it is not considered polite．
[7]who witnesses another person employing the gesture是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词someone。
[8]encountering an identical gesture是动词-ing形式短语作定语，修饰名词a person，a person与encountering之间是逻辑上的主动关系。动词-ing形式短语meaning zero作介词as的宾语。
Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no”[9] differ around the world．In many countries，shaking one's head means “no”，and nodding[10] means “yes”．By comparison ，in Bulgaria and southern Albania，the gestures have the opposite meaning．There are also differences in how we touch each other，how close we stand to someone we are talking to，and how we act when we meet or part[11]．In countries like France and Russia，people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet．Elsewhere，people favour shaking hands，bowing from the waist ，or nodding the head when they meet someone else[12]．
[9]此处是省略关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词the gestures。
[10]动词-ing形式短语shaking one's head和nodding都在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
[11]how we touch…，how close we stand…，and how we act…是三个由how引导的并列的宾语从句，其中，we are talking to是定语从句，修饰先行词someone；when we meet or part 是时间状语从句。
[12]本句中三个并列的动词-ing形式短语shaking hands, bowing from the waist和nodding the head作favour的宾语，连接方式是“A，B，or C”；when they meet someone else是时间状语从句。
Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere．Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head[13] while closing your eyes[14] means “sleep”．A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal．
[13]本句中两个并列的动词-ing形式短语作主语，表示同一件事，谓语动词用单数形式。
[14]while closing your eyes是时间状语从句的省略，补充完整为while you are closing your eyes。
Some body language has many different uses．Perhaps the best example is smiling．A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers．A smile can break down barriers ．We can use a smile to apologise，to greet someone，to ask for help ，or to start a conversation[15]．Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror[16] to make yourself feel happier and stronger．And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than[17] seeing the smiling face of a good friend．
[15]此处是四个并列的目的状语，连接形式是“A，B，C，or D”。
[16]此处是动词-ing形式短语作suggest的宾语。suggest doing sth．意为“建议做某事”。
[17]此处是“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。
倾听身体的诉说
在与别人的交流中，我们用言语和肢体语言来表达我们的想法和观点。通过观察别人的肢体语言，我们能够了解很多他们的想法。言语很重要，但是人们站立、双手抱臂和移动双手的姿势也能为我们提供有关他们情感的信息。
就像口语一样，肢体语言也因文化而异。最重要的是使用肢体语言的方式要适合你所处的文化。例如，在一些国家，眼神交流——直视某人的眼睛，是表示兴趣的一种方式。相反，在另一些国家，
眼神交流并不总是被认可。例如，在许多中东国家，社交上不允许
男性和女性进行眼神交流。在日本，和年长的人讲话时，目光向下以示尊敬。
“OK”这个手势在不同的文化中有不同的含义。在日本，一个人看到另一个人使用这个手势，可能会认为这意味着钱。在法国，看到同一个手势的人可能会将其解读为“零”。然而，在巴西和德国，你应该避免使用这个手势，因为它被认为是不礼貌的。
甚至我们用来表示“是”与“不是”的身势语，在世界各地都不一样。在许多国家，摇头表示“不”，点头表示“是”。相比之
下，在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部，这两种身势语的含义是相反的。差异还表现在我们彼此接触的方式、站着交谈时我们与谈话对象的距离以及我们见面或告别时的动作方面。在法国和俄罗斯等国，人们和朋友见面时可能会亲吻他们的脸颊。在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手、弯腰鞠躬或者点头。
有些手势似乎在每个地方都有相同的意思。双手并拢放在头部的一侧，同时闭上眼睛，表示“睡觉”。表示“我吃饱了”的一个好方式，就是用餐后用手在胃部轻轻转圈。
有些肢体语言有许多不同的用途。最好的例子或许就是微笑。微笑能帮助我们渡过难关，在陌生人的世界里找到朋友。微笑能够消除隔阂。我们可以用微笑来道歉、问候他人、寻求帮助或者主动攀谈。专家建议对着镜子微笑来让自己感到更快乐、更坚强。而且如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
谢 谢！

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