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(共31张PPT)
Unit 2
Getting along
（Grammar）
Lead-in
(a) The Giant has been away for a long time.
(b) Since then, he hasn't seen a child there.
Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules.
现在完成时
have/has+done
Lead-in
1. We have been friends Grade 3.
2. They have been together three years.
3. last year, we've shared a lot of happy moments.
Complete the sentences with for or since.
since
for
since
含有since 或for 的现在完成时
Presentation
含有 since 或 for 的现在完成时
since +“时间点”/“时间段+ago”或从句(一般过去时)。 表示动作或状态从过去的某个时间点开始 since+过去某一时间点
①两者均可用于完成时态;在陈述句中，与其搭配的动词必须是延续性动词
②“since+过去某一时间点”可以和“for+一段时间”进行转换
③对 since/for 构成的表示时间段的短语或句子提问应用 how long
since+一段时间+ago since+从句(一般过去时) It is/has been+时间段+since +一般过去时的句子: 自从...以来已有...时间。 for +“一段时间” for+一段时间
Presentation
It has been ten years ________ we met last time.
自从我们上次见面以来已经 10年了。
Mr Green has lived in Shanghai _________ 1999.
格林先生自从 1999年以来就住在上海。
I have taught English _______ twelve years ago.
=I have taught English _______ twelve years.
我自从 12年前就教英语。
since
since
since
for
Presentation
延续性动词 表示的是能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响如:work, keep,walk, wait, live ,stay,know等 可以与表示时间段的状语连用，如: for+时间段,
since+时间点/从句等
非延续性动词 表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束或产生某种结果。如:open，borrow, come , g0 ,finish, close , buy 等 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，
如: three months ago ,
at 4 o'clock
延续性动词与非延续性动词
Presentation
延续性动词与非延续性动词
①非延续性动词转化为延续性动词，如: buy →have , borrow→keep。
My father bought the car three years ago.
→My father has had the car for three years.
我父亲买这辆小汽车3年了。
②非延续性动词转化为“be+形容词/副词”,如:
leave →be away(from), open → be open, close →be closed ,
die → be dead, begin/start →be on, finish/end →be over
He left his hometown last year.
→ He has been away from his hometownsince last year 他去年离开了家乡。
The cat died a week ago.
→ The cat has been dead for a week. 这只猫死了一个星期了。
Presentation
延续性动词与非延续性动词
③ 非延续性动词转化为“be+介词(短语)”或“be+名词”,如:
come/go/join/arrive →be in/at
join the army→be a soldier
Jim came to China ten years ago.
→Jim has been in China for ten years.吉姆来中国 10年了。
borrow → keep buy→have lose → be lost become→be break → be broken open →be open close→be closed stop → be over
begin/start→ be on finish/end→ be over
get up → be up put on→wear
get married →be married
come/arrive/get to/reach /go→ be here/in/at
join→be in/be a member of leave/move→be away
catch a cold→have a cold go to bed→be in bed
下一页
还有其它的归纳如下：（高分突破P29-30）
1. Miss Liu left an hour ago. (改为现在完成时)
Miss Liu ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ an hour.
2. They borrowed the book three days ago.(改为现在完成时)
They ____________ ____________ the book ___________ three days ago.
根据要求完成句子，每空一词
has
been
away
for
have
kept
since_
3. I joined the group two years ago.（改为现在完成时）
I ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ the group ____________ two years.
4. I have been here since Friday. (就画线部分提问)
____________ ____________ have you been here
have
been
a
member
of
for
How
long
Presentation
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时 动作完成 强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响,常与just,already,yet等词连用，谓语动词用非延续性动词
强调到现在为止的生活经历，常与never,ever,once:twice 等词连用，谓语动词用延续性动词
动作未完成 表示动作或状态从过去延续到现在，并可能继续发生，常与 for/since引导的时间状语连用，谓语动词为延续性动词
一般过去时 动作已结束 表示过去某时间点或某时间段内发生的动作，常与过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday,last year,in 2014等
表示过去的习惯性动作，可与频度副词搭配使用
2． 三词组
havegone to去了某地
例：He has gone to Beijing (去了北京)
havebeen to去过某地
例：He has been to Beijing. (去过北京)
have been in待在某地（多长时间了）
例：He has been in Beijing for half a month .(待在北京)
注意：遇到地点副词时，要去掉to，常见的地点副词：here， there，
home， abroad（在国外）等。
Production
Complete the news article with for, since and the correct
form of the words in brackets.
Most people hope to receive birthday gifts,But jimmy Teng, or “Uncle Jimmy", doesthings differently.
The 74-year-old has sold ice creams the past 17 years in Singapore
Every year, on 22 March- his birthday- he (offer) free ice creams. He has done this his 70th birthday.
This year, Uncle Jimmy plans to give away 800 ice creams."People________ (be) quite stressed recently and l want to help," he said."Sharing has made me feel happy the past four years.
He (enjoy) talking with his customers. Many of them have become his friends they first met. Some students helped him set up
social media pages. He has made many friends online then.
for
offers
since
have been
for
enjoys
since
since
make a plan for为...制作计划 enjoy doing sth喜欢做...
enjoy oneself玩得开心 help sb (to)do sth帮助某人做某事
比较项 用法 搭配 举例
offer 强调主动给他人提供某物 offer sb sth =offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物 She offered me a cup of tea.
=She offered a cup of tea to me.
她给了我一杯茶。
provide 指为应付意外、紧急情况等做好充分准备而“提供”所需之物 provide sth for sb＝ provide sb with sth 给某人提供某物 The company provides free meals for its workers.
=The company provides its workers with free meals.
公司为员工提供免费餐食。
( )1. His mother ______ five dollars to him every day and hopes he can make good use of money.
A. sells B. offers C. shows D. causes
2. They provided many books for the poor children. (改为同义句，每空一词)
They ____________ the poor children ____________ many books.
B
provided
with
1. He suffers from great____________ because he has tons of work to do.
2. She should see a doctor if she is feeling quite____________ out.
3. Taking a walk in the park can make you relaxed after a____________ day's work.
用stress的适当形式填空
stress
stressed
stressful
Sharing has allowed / shown / taught me … 分享使得 / 展示 / 教会我……
allow作动词，“使有可能；允许，容许，准许”。
allow sb to do sth 使得 / 允许某人做某事；
allow doing sth允许做某事；
be allowed to do sth被允许做某事。
( )1. The notebook allows me ______ information more quickly.
A. remember B. to remember C. remembering
( )2. The teacher doesn't allow ______ during the test.
A. talk B. to talk C. talking
3. 我们学校不允许学生们带手机去上课。(根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词)
Our school doesn't ____________ ____________ ___________ ____________ mobile phones to class.
B
C
allow
students
to
bring
一、找出下列句子的错误，并将错误部分在横线上更正
1. She has been in the city for Tuesday.
______________________________________________________________
2. They have been married since 15 years.
______________________________________________________________
3. Mary has been a teacher since 2015 ago.
______________________________________________________________
for改为since
since改为for或years后加ago
去掉ago
4. The movie has started for 30 minutes.
______________________________________________________________
5. He has bought the notebook for two years.
______________________________________________________________
has started改为has been on
has bought改为has had
二、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
6. 去年他们建立了一个网站来在线销售手工艺品。
They____________ __________ a website to sell handmade crafts online last year.
7. 我每年都收到家人和朋友送的生日礼物。
I____________ ____________ ____________ from my family and friends every year.
8. 他计划把他旧但干净的衣服捐赠给穷人。
He __________ _________ __________ __________
his old but clean clothes to the poor.
set
up
receive
birthday
gifts
plans
to
give
away
9. 她希望赢得金牌。
She ________ _________ _____________ the gold medal.
10. 从上个月开始，公园就允许游客带狗进入了。
The park__________ _________________ visitors
____________ _________________ dogs since last month.
hopes
to
win
has
allowed
to
bring
三、小语篇专练 (语法选择)
Mr Brown is a volunteer. He has worked in the local community centre___11____ over 10 years.___12____ 8 years ago, he has taken part in different kinds of activities aimed (旨在) at helping kids in the children's home.
( )11. A. in B. for C. since
( )12. A. For B. Since C. Until
B
B
Every weekend, he ______13______ different events for the kids there. He has taught many kids how to paint, sing and dance. Many kids have become more confident because of him. This month, he plans______14______ a big cultural festival.
( )13. A. organised B. has organised C. organises
( )14. A. hold B. to hold C. holding
C
B
He hopes it can bring more people together and make the community more lively. Thanks to his efforts(努力), the community______15______ a lot in the past few years. Everyone sees him as a warm-hearted and hard-working man.
( )15. A. changed B. has changed C. changes
B
Exercise
一、单项选择题。
1.To build a big shopping centre, they decided to that old building.
A.pick up B. write down C.knock down D.wake up
2.With its famous mountains, lakes, and towns, China has so much to visitors around the world.
A. miss B. offer C. leave D.protect
3. I advise you not to show anything on the Internet because it may
bring you problems.
A.personal B. interesting C. different D. difficult
C
B
A
4.There's a in one of my shoes. Can you buy a new pair for me
A.zero B.hole C.key D.break
5. It's sad to know that the singer died, but her sweet will be remembered by the world.
A. noise B.voice C.sound D.shout
6.The famous table tennis player Wang Chuqin 8 men's singles championships in WTT events since 2022.
A.won B.has won C.wins D.win
B
B
B
Exercise
7.---Why are you looking for May in a hurry
---The boss is wondering where she and how long she there.
A.has been;has been B.has gone;has gone
C.has been; has gone D.has gone;has been
8.---How long has Mr.White Joan
---I am not sure. Maybe they got married five years ago.
A.married B. got married to
C. been married with D.been married to
D
D
Exercise
9. Half an hour since the train
A. has passed;left B. has passed;has left
C.passed;has left D.passed;left
10.The shop owner stopped talking and his mouth was wide open like a big "O". It was the president!
A.luckily B.suddenly C.politely D.recently
A
B
Thank you

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