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选择性必修四 unit4知识清单
1. be dying to do...渴望做……　　　
(1)be dying/eager for 很想要；渴望
(2)be eager to do sth. 渴望做……
long to do sth. 渴望做某事
2. not to mention 更不用说；且不说
mention sth.to sb./mention to sb.that... 向某人提及……
mention doing... 提及做……
as is mentioned above 如上所述
Don't mention it. 不客气(回答道歉或道谢)
3. relevant adj.有关的；切题的　　　
(1)be relevant to 与……有关
(2)relevance n. 关联；切题
have (no) relevance to 和……(无)有关
4. shade vt.给……遮挡 (光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗　n．阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分　　　　
(1)in the shade 在阴凉处
in the shade of 在……的阴凉处
(2)shade...from/against... 给……遮挡……
shade...with... 用……遮挡……
5. drag vt.拖；拽　vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动　　　
读后续写之手的肢体动作：
(1)drag...out of... 把……从……中拖出来
(2)cup one's hands over... 把手窝成杯状
(3)slide one's hands into... 将手伸进
(4)put one's hands to one's cheeks 用双手捂住脸
spread one's hands 摊开双手
6. privilege n．优惠待遇；特权　　　
(1)It's a privilege to do sth./of doing sth. 有幸做某事
have the privilege to do sth./of doing sth. 有做某事的特权
(2)privileged adj. 享有特权的；荣幸的；幸运的
be privileged to do sth. 做某事是荣幸的
7. disabled adj.丧失能力的；有残疾的　　　　
(1)the disabled 残疾人(the＋adj.表示一类人，谓语动词常常用复数)
(2)disable v. 使伤残；使无效，使不能运转
disable sb./sth.from doing sth. 使……不能做某事
(3)disability n. 残疾；缺陷
8. resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去　　　
resign one's post/position 辞去职务
resign from... 从……辞职
resign as... 辞去作为……的职务
resign oneself to (doing) sth. 顺从……；使自己安于 (做) 某事
9. deserve vt.值得；应得；应受　　　　　　　　
deserve to do sth. 应该做某事；值得做某事
deserve to be done/deserve doing ……值得被做
deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
10. lately adv.近来；最近；不久前　　　　　　
(1)late adj. 迟的；晚的
(2)later adj. 后期的　adv.后来；随后
(3)latter adj. 较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的
the former...，the latter... 前者……，后者……
11. take...for granted认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视　　　
take...seriously 认真对待……
take it easy 别紧张
take one's time 不用急，慢慢来
take pride in 以……自豪
take charge of 负责，掌管
take advantage of 利用
12. consultation n．咨询；咨询会
(1)consult v. 请教，咨询；商量；查阅
consult (with) sb.about/on sth. 就某事和某人商量
consult a dictionary 查字典
(2)consultant n. 顾问
1句型公式：“be doing...when...”意为“正在做……这时……”　　　
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”， when用作并列连词的句型归纳：
had just done...when... 刚做完……这时……
be about to do...when... 正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……这时……
课本例句：
The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere! 几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，在我反应过来前，混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是！
2句型公式： from where引导定语从句　　　
(1)from where引导定语从句，相当于and from here/there。
(2)在“介词＋关系词”定语从句中，关系词常为which和whom，关系副词where和when之前一般不加介词，比较特殊的有from where和since when。
Alice stood at the window, from where she could watch her classmates playing football.
艾莉丝站在窗户旁边，从那里她可以看到同学们踢足球。
The book was written in 1946, since when the education system has witnessed great changes.
这本书写于1946年，从那时起教育体系发生了巨大的变化。
课本例句
Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first，up a mountain from where we had fantastic views，and then down a shaded path to the valley below.我和另一位老师走了两个半小时才走到那儿，我们首先爬上了一座山，在山里欣赏到了极美的景色，然后沿着一条阴凉的小路走到了下面的山谷。
3句型公式：“be of ＋名词”结构　　　
(1)be of＋抽象名词＝be＋该名词的同根形容词
be of great (value/ importance/ use/ help)}＝be very (valuable/ important/ useful/ helpful)
(2)of＋size/colour/height/length/weight/age/shape/quality等表人或物的属性的名词，在句中作表语或定语。
课本例句：
Do you think students doing volunteer work is of any use？你认为学生做志愿者工作有用吗？
4句型公式：“not only...but...as well”意为“不但……而且……”　　　
(1)句中not only...but (also)．..“不但……而且……”，用于连接两个对称的并列成分，可以连接两个谓语、主语、宾语、表语、状语等。not only放在句首时，它所在的句子要用部分倒装结构。
(2)not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数要根据“就近原则”来确定。
课本例句：
Now, not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital, but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well.
现在，有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且周边国家的人们也因此受益。
5.句型公式：now that“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句
now that“既然，由于”，在意思和用法上同since，引导原因状语从句，口语中that可省略。
课本例句：
Now that I understand how important my mother's work is, I've decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands.
既然我明白了我妈妈的工作有多么重要，我已经决定自己也成为一名志愿者，去帮助其他国家的人。
(1)引导原因状语从句的连词还有：since, because, as, considering (that), in that等。
(2)引导原因状语的短语：due to, thanks to, because of, as a result of, owing to, on account of等。

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