Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 语法讲义:一般将来时(be going to) 动词不定式作宾语(含答案)人教版(2024)英语八年级上册

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Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 语法讲义:一般将来时(be going to) 动词不定式作宾语(含答案)人教版(2024)英语八年级上册

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八年级上册 Unit 6 语法讲义:
一般将来时(be going to)动词不定式作宾语
(重难点、易错点 中考真题 强化训练)
一、“be going to” 一般将来时
(一)定义深度解析
“be going to” 结构是英语中表达将来时态的核心结构之一,核心语义包含 “主观计划” 与 “客观预测” 两层。它并非单纯表示 “未来时间”,而是强调主语在当前时间点已具备明确的行动意向或可观察到的未来事件征兆。
主观计划层面:需体现 “预先思考 + 潜在准备”,
如 “I'm going to prepare for the exam this weekend.”(我打算这周末备考),隐含 “已确定复习范围、准备好复习资料” 等前置动作;
客观预测层面:必须基于 “当前可见证据”,而非主观猜测,
如 “Look at the broken window—someone is going to get into trouble.”(看那扇破窗户,有人要惹麻烦了),破窗户是预测的直接依据。
(二)结构形式全面拆解
1. 肯定句:
主语 + be(am/is/are) + going to + 动词原形 + 时间 / 地点 / 方式状语
主语与 be 动词的匹配规则:
第一人称单数(I)→ am;第一人称复数(we)→ are;
第二人称(you/you)→ are;
第三人称单数(he/she/it/ 单数名词)→ is;
第三人称复数(they / 复数名词)→ are。
状语补充要求:
若未明确时间 / 地点,句子语义不完整,
如 “He is going to take art lessons.”(不完整)
→ “He is going to take art lessons next Monday at the community center.”(完整,补充时间 + 地点)。
例:They are going to visit the history museum by bus next Friday.(他们下周五打算坐公交车去参观历史博物馆)。
2. 否定句:主语 + be(am/is/are) + not + going to + 动词原形 + 其他
缩写形式规范:
am not 无缩写(不可写作 “amn't”);is not → isn't;are not → aren't。
否定语气差异:
直接否定 “be going to” 表示 “取消原有计划”,
如 “She isn't going to read more books about IT.”(她不打算读更多 IT 相关书籍了),隐含 “之前有此计划,现在改变想法”;若用 “have no plan to do”,则表示 “从未有过计划”。
例句:We are not going to hold the party in the park because of the rain.(因为下雨,我们不打算在公园举办派对了)。
一般疑问句:
Be(Am/Is/Are) + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他?
语序变化要点:将 be 动词提前至句首,首字母大写,句末用问号;
主语第一人称(I/we)需转换为第二人称(you),be 动词同步调整,
如 “I am going to exercise.”→ “Are you going to exercise ”。
回答格式固定:
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + be.(不可省略 be 动词,如不可说 “Yes, I.”);
否定回答:No, 主语 + be + not.(可缩写,如 “No, I'm not.”“No, she isn't.”)。
例句:
问句:Is your brother going to join the football team this term (你弟弟这学期打算加入足球队吗?)
肯定回答:Yes, he is.(是的,他打算。)
否定回答:No, he isn't. He's going to join the basketball team.(不,他不打算。他打算加入篮球队。)
4. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + be(am/is/are) + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他?
常用特殊疑问词及提问对象:
What → 提问 “做的事情”(What are you going to buy );
When → 提问 “时间”(When is she going to leave );
Where → 提问 “地点”(Where are they going to have lunch );
How → 提问 “方式”(How is he going to solve the problem );
Why → 提问 “原因”(Why are you going to change your plan )。
注意事项:疑问词后需紧跟 be 动词,不可遗漏,
如 “错误:What you are going to do 正确:What are you going to do ”。
例句:Why is your sister going to take extra English classes (你妹妹为什么打算上额外的英语课?)
(三)用法场景拓展
1. 表达未来计划和打算(核心场景)
适用语境:职业规划、日常安排、节日计划等,需体现 “长期规划” 或 “短期明确安排”。
职业规划:“She is going to study medicine in college because she wants to be a doctor.”(她打算在大学学医,因为她想成为一名医生),体现长期职业目标;
日常安排:“My family is going to clean the house this Saturday morning and visit my grandparents in the afternoon.”(我们家这周六上午打算打扫房子,下午去看望祖父母),明确短期具体安排;
节日计划:“They are going to make dumplings and watch the Spring Festival Gala on New Year's Eve.”(他们打算除夕包饺子、看春晚),结合传统节日场景。
2. 预测未来发生的事(基于现有迹象)
迹象类型:自然现象、客观事实、他人行为等,不可用于 “无依据的猜测”。
自然现象:“The wind is blowing strongly and the sky is dark—it's going to snow heavily.”(风刮得很大,天很黑,马上要下大雪了),基于天气迹象预测;
客观事实:“The water in the pot is boiling—someone is going to make tea.”(壶里的水开了,有人要泡茶了),基于客观动作预测结果;
他人行为:“He is running towards the bus stop with a bag—he is going to catch the last bus.”(他拿着包朝公交站跑,要赶末班车了),基于他人动作预测意图。
3. 特殊用法:“be going to” 与 “here/there” 的搭配
结构:主语 + be(am/is/are) + going to + come/go + here/there,
此时 “come/go” 可省略,直接用 “be going to + here/there”,但语义不变。
例句:“I'm going to (come) here at 9 o'clock tomorrow.”(我明天打算 9 点来这儿);“They are going to (go) there for a picnic.”(他们打算去那儿野餐)。
(四)与一般现在时表将来的深度区别
维度 “be going to”一般将来时 一般现在时表将来
核心语义 主观计划、有依据的预测 客观安排、固定时间表
时间状语要求 可接模糊时间(this weekend/soon)或具体时间 必须接精确时间(at 8:00/on Monday)
动词类型 可用于所有实义动词 仅用于 “come/go/leave/arrive/start” 等位移、启动类动词
主语限制 无(人 / 物均可) 主语多为 “事物”(如 train/plane/class)
例句对比 “I'm going to leave for Beijing soon.”(我打算尽快去北京,主观计划) “The train leaves for Beijing at 8:00 a.m.”(火车上午 8 点去北京,固定时刻表)
(五)与 will 的深度区别
维度 “be going to”一般将来时 will一般将来时
计划程度 有明确计划,可能已准备 临时决定,无预先计划
预测依据 基于当前可见迹象 基于主观判断、常识或承诺
语气差异 陈述语气,客观说明计划或预测 可表意愿、请求、承诺(语气更灵活)
时间远近 多表示 “近期” 将要发生的事 可表示 “近期” 或 “远期”
例句对比 “Look at the clouds—it's going to rain.”(看云,要下雨了,有依据预测) “I think it will rain tomorrow.”(我觉得明天会下雨,主观判断)
“I'm going to help you with your homework.”(我打算帮你写作业,提前计划) “Don't worry—I'll help you with your homework.”(别担心,我帮你写作业,临时承诺)
(六)易错点专项解析
1. 遗漏 be 动词或动词原形
错误类型:“He going to play football.”(遗漏 be 动词 is);“She is going to plays basketball.”(动词用第三人称单数形式);
纠错规则:“be going to” 是固定结构,be 动词不可省,后面必须接动词原形,与主语单复数无关;
正确例句:“He is going to play football.”“She is going to play basketball.”。
2. 混淆 “be going to” 与 “will” 的预测用法
错误类型:“I think it is going to rain next year.”(无依据的远期预测,应用 will);
纠错规则:“be going to” 预测需 “近期 + 有依据”,远期或无依据预测用 will;
正确例句:“I think it will rain next year.”“Look at the clouds—it's going to rain.”。
3. 主语为 “it” 时的 be 动词选择
错误类型:“It are going to snow.”(主语 it 后用 are);
纠错规则:it 是第三人称单数,后接 be 动词 is,不可用 are;
正确例句:“It is going to snow.”。
(七)“be going to” 一般将来时练习题(10 题)
My mother ______ (be) going to ______ (bake) a cake for my birthday this Sunday.
______ your best friend ______ (attend) the English speech contest next month
We ______ (not be) going to ______ (go) swimming this afternoon because the water is too cold.
What ______ your father ______ (buy) for your mother on Mother's Day
The students ______ (be) going to ______ (have) a PE test next Wednesday.
______ it ______ (be) sunny tomorrow The weather report says it will rain.
Lucy ______ (not be) going to ______ (watch) TV tonight. She has to finish her homework.
Where ______ you and your family ______ (travel) during the summer holiday
The little boy ______ (be) going to ______ (visit) the zoo with his parents this weekend. He loves pandas very much.
______ your teacher ______ (give) you a test next week I heard she was preparing for it.
(八)练习题答案及解析
is; bake。解析:主语 my mother 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is;be going to 后接动词原形 bake。
Is; attend。解析:一般疑问句将 be 动词提前,主语 your best friend 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 Is;be going to 后接动词原形 attend。
aren't; go。解析:否定句在 be 动词后加 not,主语 we 是第一人称复数,be 动词用 are,are not 缩写为 aren't;be going to 后接动词原形 go。
is; going to buy。解析:特殊疑问句结构为 “疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形”,主语 your father 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is。
are; have。解析:主语 the students 是复数,be 动词用 are;be going to 后接动词原形 have。
Is; going to be。解析:主语 it 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 Is;“be going to” 后接 be 动词原形 be,构成 “be going to be”(将要成为 / 发生)。
isn't; watch。解析:主语 Lucy 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is,否定形式为 isn't;be going to 后接动词原形 watch。
are; going to travel。解析:主语 you and your family 是复数,be 动词用 are;特殊疑问句中 “going to” 不可省略,后接动词原形 travel。
is; visit。解析:主语 the little boy 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is;be going to 后接动词原形 visit。
Is; going to give。解析:主语 your teacher 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 Is;“be going to” 后接动词原形 give,结合语境 “听说老师在准备”,符合 “有依据的计划”。
二、动词不定式作宾语
(一)定义深度解析
动词不定式(to + 动词原形)作宾语,是指在及物动词后,用 “to + 动词原形” 的结构表示动作的对象或内容,此时动词不定式相当于名词的功能,但保留动词的特性(可接宾语、状语)。
本质:解决 “一个动词后需接另一个动作” 的语法需求,如 “want”(想要)是心理动词,后面必须接 “想要做的动作”,而这个动作需用动词不定式表达(want to do);
特性:动词不定式作宾语时,可带自己的宾语或状语,构成 “to do + 宾语 / 状语” 的结构,如 “I want to buy a new book.”(to buy 后接宾语 a new book);“She plans to study English in London.”(to study 后接状语 in London)。
(二)常见接动词不定式作宾语的动词分类
1. 心理类动词(表意愿、想法)
动词列表:want(想要)、hope(希望)、wish(希望)、expect(期望)、decide(决定)、choose(选择)、promise(承诺)、refuse(拒绝);
语义特点:主语对 “不定式动作” 有明确的主观态度(想要 / 希望 / 拒绝等);
例句:
“I promise to finish my homework before watching TV.”(我承诺看电视前完成作业,promise 表承诺);
“She refused to tell me her secret.”(她拒绝告诉我她的秘密,refuse 表拒绝)。
2. 行动类动词(表计划、尝试)
动词列表:plan(计划)、try(尝试)、learn(学习)、agree(同意)、offer(主动提出)、manage(设法做到)、afford(负担得起);
语义特点:“不定式动作” 是主语计划、尝试或有能力完成的行为;
例句:
“We can't afford to buy a new car this year.”(我们今年买不起新车,afford 表负担能力);
“He managed to solve the difficult math problem.”(他设法解出了那道难的数学题,manage 表成功做到)。
3. 特殊动词(需固定记忆)
动词列表:want(想要)、need(需要,此时 need 是实义动词,非情态动词)、fail(未能做到)、prepare(准备);
注意:need 作情态动词时,后接动词原形(need do),作实义动词时接不定式(need to do),如 “错误:He needs do homework. 正确:He needs to do homework.(实义动词)/ He need do homework.(情态动词,多用于否定 / 疑问)”;
例句:“She failed to pass the English exam because she didn't study hard.”(她英语考试没及格,因为没努力学,fail 表未能做到)。
(三)动词不定式作宾语的注意事项
1. 既接不定式又接动名词作宾语,且意义差异大的动词(重点区分)
动词 接不定式 (to do)语义 接动名词(doing)语义 例句对比
remember 记得 “要做” 某事(动作未发生) 记得 “做过” 某事(动作已发生) “Remember to turn off the light.”(记得要关灯,未关); “I remember turning off the light.”(我记得关了灯,已关)
forget 忘记 “要做” 某事(动作未发生) 忘记 “做过” 某事(动作已发生) “Don't forget to call me.”(别忘记给我打电话,未打); “I forgot calling him yesterday.”(我忘了昨天给他打过电话,已打)
stop 停止当前动作,“去做” 另一件事 停止 “正在做” 的动作 “He stopped to drink water.”(他停下来去喝水,之前在做其他事); “He stopped drinking water.”(他停止喝水,之前在喝水)
try 努力 “去做” 某事(表目的) 尝试 “做某事”(表动作本身 She tried to finish the work on time.她努力按时完成工作,强调目的 She tried cooking Italian food.她尝试做意大利菜,强调动作
mean 打算 “去做” 某事(表意图) 意味着 “做某事”(表结果) “I mean to help you.”(我打算帮你,表意图) “This means waiting for another hour.”(这意味着要再等一小时,表结果)
2. 形式宾语 “it” 的用法细节
适用场景:当动词不定式作宾语,且后面接 “形容词 / 名词作宾语补足语” 时,必须用 “it” 作形式宾语,将真正宾语(不定式)后置,避免句子结构头重脚轻。
固定结构:主语 + 谓语动词 + it + 宾语补足语(adj./n.) + to do sth.
关键动词:常见需用形式宾语的动词有 find(发现)、think(认为)、feel(觉得)、make(使)、consider(认为)、believe(相信)。
错误案例与纠正:
错误:“I find to learn English well difficult.”(直接将不定式作宾语,结构混乱);
正确:“I find it difficult to learn English well.”(it 作形式宾语,difficult 作宾语补足语,不定式后置)。
例句拓展:“She thinks it important to practice speaking every day.”(她认为每天练习口语很重要);“We consider it a good chance to visit the museum.”(我们认为这是参观博物馆的好机会)。
3. 不定式符号 “to” 的省略情况
固定搭配中省略 “to”:
情态动词后:can, may, must, will, shall, could, might, would 等情态动词后接动词原形,省略 “to”。 情态动词+V.原
如 “He can speak English.”(不可说 “He can to speak English.”);
使役动词后:make(使)、let(让)、have(使)后接宾语,再接动词原形,省略 “to”: make、let、have+V.原
但变为被动语态时,“to” 需还原 : be made to do sth.
be let to do sth.
be had to do sth.
如 “The teacher made him rewrite the composition.”(老师让他重写作文);
“He was made to rewrite the composition.”(变为被动语态时,“to” 需还原)
感官动词后:see(看见)、hear(听见)、watch(观看)、notice(注意到)、feel(感觉)+ 宾语 + V.原”,省略 “to”,强调动作全过程;
若接 “宾语 + doing”,则强调动作正在进行: see(看见)、hear(听见)、watch(观看)、notice(注意到)、feel(感觉)+ 宾语 + doing
如 “I saw her dance.”(我看见她跳了舞,全过程)
“I saw her dancing.”(我看见她正在跳舞,进行中)
固定句型中省略 “to”:
“had better (not) do sth.”(最好(不)做某事),
“would rather do sth. than do sth.”(宁愿做某事也不愿做某事)
如 “You had better finish your homework first.”;
“He would rather stay at home than go out.”。
(四)易错点专项解析
1. 混淆 “to do” 与 “doing” 作宾语的语义
只能接不定式:agree, decide, hope, plan, refuse
只能接动名词:enjoy, finish, avoid, practice, mind
两者皆可但意义不同:remember, forget, stop, try
错误类型:
“I forgot to take the key yesterday.”(实际想表达 “忘记带过钥匙”,应用 forget doing);“She tried to swim in the river.”(实际想表达 “尝试游泳”,应用 try swimming);
纠错规则:根据动作是否 “已发生” 或 “表目的 / 动作本身” 判断,可结合语境中的时间状语(如 yesterday)或语义侧重(如 “努力” vs “尝试”);
正确例句:“I forgot taking the key yesterday.”(我昨天忘了带过钥匙,动作已发生);“She tried swimming in the river.”(她尝试在河里游泳,表动作本身)。
2. 遗漏形式宾语 “it”
错误类型:“I think important to learn a foreign language.”(缺少形式宾语 it);
纠错规则:当谓语动词后接 “形容词 / 名词 + 不定式” 时,必须补全 it 作形式宾语,形成 “主语 + 谓语 + it + 宾补 + to do” 结构;
正确例句:“I think it important to learn a foreign language.”。
3. 被动语态中未还原 “to”
错误类型:“He was made work for 12 hours a day.”(make 被动语态中未还原 to);
纠错规则:使役动词 make/let/have 的被动语态中,原省略的 “to” 必须还原,即 “be made/let/had to do”;
正确例句:“He was made to work for 12 hours a day.”。
(五)动词不定式作宾语练习题(10 题)
My parents expect me ______ (get) good grades in the final exam.
He decided ______ (give up) smoking because it's bad for his health.
I find ______ difficult ______ (solve) this math problem alone.
She forgot ______ (lock) the door this morning, so her mother had to go back home.
They plan ______ (travel) to Japan during the winter vacation.
The teacher made us ______ (copy) the new words three times.(提示:使役动词 make 后接原形)
Remember ______ (turn off) the lights before you leave the classroom.
We can't afford ______ (buy) a new house in this city because the price is too high.
He tried ______ (fix) the broken bike, but he failed.(提示:表 “努力去做”)
She was heard ______ (sing) in the next room just now.(提示:hear 被动语态还原 to)
(六)练习题答案及解析
to get。解析:expect 后接不定式作宾语,固定搭配 “expect sb. to do sth.”(期望某人做某事)。
to give up。解析:decide 后接不定式作宾语,“decide to do sth.”(决定做某事),give up 为固定短语,后接动名词,但此处不定式符号 to 后接原形 give。
it; to solve。解析:find 后接形式宾语 it,真正宾语为不定式 “to solve this math problem”,“difficult” 作宾语补足语,符合 “find it + adj. + to do” 结构。
to lock。解析:根据语境 “早上忘记锁门,妈妈不得不回家”,动作 “锁门” 未发生,用 “forget to do sth.”(忘记去做某事)。
to travel。解析:plan 后接不定式作宾语,“plan to do sth.”(计划做某事)。
copy。解析:使役动词 make 后接宾语,再接动词原形,省略 to,“make sb. do sth.”(让某人做某事)。
to turn off。解析:根据语境 “离开前记得关灯”,动作 “关灯” 未发生,用 “remember to do sth.”(记得去做某事)。
to buy。解析:afford 后接不定式作宾语,“afford to do sth.”(负担得起做某事),否定形式 “can't afford to do”。
to fix。解析:根据提示 “表努力去做”,用 “try to do sth.”(努力做某事),此处指 “努力修理自行车”。
to sing。解析:hear 的被动语态中,原省略的 to 需还原,“be heard to do sth.”(被听到做某事),just now 提示动作已发生,但被动语态结构固定。
三、3 年内真题训练(2022-2024 年)
(一)“be going to” 一般将来时真题(8 题)
(2022 北京海淀期末)—What ______ you ______ (do) this weekend
—I'm going to visit my grandparents in the countryside.
(2022 上海浦东期中)There ______ (be) going to ______ (be) a new library in our school next year. We all feel excited.
(2023 广东深圳期末)My brother ______ (not be) going to ______ (play) computer games tonight. He has to study for the test.
(2023 江苏苏州期中)—______ your sister ______ (take) dancing lessons next term
—Yes, she is. She loves dancing very much.
(2023 浙江杭州期末)Look at the black clouds in the sky! It ______ (be) going to ______ (rain) heavily.
(2024 山东济南期中)They ______ (be) going to ______ (have) a picnic in the park this Sunday if the weather is fine.
(2024 四川成都期末)—______ Tom ______ (go) to the movies with us this evening
—No, he isn't. He's going to finish his homework.
(2024 湖北武汉期末)My parents and I ______ (be) going to ______ (travel) to Xi'an next month. We plan to visit the Terracotta Army.
(二)动词不定式作宾语真题(8 题)
(2022 湖南长沙期末)Our teacher wants us ______ (read) at least two English books every term.
(2022 江西南昌期中)She decided ______ (join) the school volunteer club to help more people.
(2023 安徽合肥期末)I find ______ easy ______ (learn) English grammar if you practice every day.
(2023 福建福州期中)He forgot ______ (bring) his notebook to school this morning. So he had to borrow one from his classmate.
(2023 河南郑州期末)The little girl tried ______ (climb) the tree to pick apples, but she was too short.
(2024 陕西西安期中)My mother often tells me ______ (not spend) too much time playing mobile phones. It's bad for my eyes.
(2024 辽宁沈阳期末)They can't afford ______ (buy) a new car now, so they plan to use the old one for another two years.
(2024 云南昆明期末)The workers were made ______ (work) for 10 hours a day by the bad boss. Later, the boss was punished.
(三)真题答案及解析
1. “be going to” 一般将来时真题答案及解析
are; going to do。解析:特殊疑问句结构为 “疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形”,主语 you 搭配 be 动词 are,故填 are; going to do。
is; be。解析:there be 句型的一般将来时为 “there is/are going to be”,a new library 为单数,故 be 动词用 is,后接原形 be。
isn't; play。解析:主语 my brother 为第三人称单数,be 动词用 is,否定形式为 isn't;be going to 后接动词原形 play。
Is; going to take。解析:一般疑问句将 be 动词提前,主语 your sister 为第三人称单数,be 动词用 Is;“be going to” 后接动词原形 take。
is; rain。解析:主语 it 为第三人称单数,be 动词用 is;根据 “乌云” 这一迹象,表 “将要下雨”,be going to 后接原形 rain。
are; have。解析:主语 they 为复数,be 动词用 are;be going to 后接动词原形 have,“have a picnic” 为固定短语(去野餐)。
Is; going to go。解析:一般疑问句将 be 动词提前,主语 Tom 为第三人称单数,be 动词用 Is;“be going to” 后接动词原形 go。
are; travel。解析:主语 my parents and I 为复数,be 动词用 are;be going to 后接动词原形 travel。
2. 动词不定式作宾语真题答案及解析
to read。解析:“want sb. to do sth.”(想要某人做某事)为固定搭配,故填 to read。
to join。解析:“decide to do sth.”(决定做某事)为固定搭配,join 表示 “加入(俱乐部 / 组织)”,故填 to join。
it; to learn。解析:find 后接形式宾语 it,真正宾语为不定式 “to learn English grammar”,easy 作宾语补足语,符合 “find it + adj. + to do” 结构。
to bring。解析:根据语境 “忘记带笔记本,不得不借”,动作 “带笔记本” 未发生,用 “forget to do sth.”,故填 to bring。
to climb。解析:根据语境 “努力爬树摘苹果”,表 “努力去做”,用 “try to do sth.”,故填 to climb。
not to spend。解析:“tell sb. not to do sth.”(告诉某人不要做某事)为固定搭配,否定形式在 to 前加 not,故填 not to spend。
to buy。解析:“afford to do sth.”(负担得起做某事)为固定搭配,否定形式 “can't afford to do”,故填 to buy。
to work。解析:make 的被动语态中,省略的 to 需还原,“be made to do sth.”(被迫做某事),故填 to work。
四、强化训练(满分 100 分)
(一)单项选择(每题 2 分,共 30 分)
My sister ______ going to ______ a piano lesson this evening.
A. is; have B. are; have C. is; has
—______ they going to ______ a party for their teacher's birthday
—Yes, they are.
A. Do; hold B. Are; hold C. Is; hold
There ______ going to ______ a football match between Class 1 and Class 2 next Friday.
A. is; be B. are; be C. is; have
He ______ not going to ______ TV tonight. He has to finish his report.
A. is; watch B. are; watch C. is; watches
—What ______ your father ______ to buy for you on your birthday
—He's going to buy me a new bike.
A. is; going B. does; go C. will; go
She wants ______ a doctor when she grows up, so she studies hard now.
A. be B. to be C. being
I think ______ important ______ practice speaking English every day.
A. it; to B. that; to C. it; /
The teacher made him ______ the same mistake again.
A. not make B. not to make C. don't make
He forgot ______ the door yesterday, so his pet dog ran out of the house.
A. to lock B. locking C. lock
They can't afford ______ a new house in this area, so they rent an apartment.
A. buy B. to buy C. buying
—______ it going to ______ tomorrow
—The weather report says it will be sunny.
A. Is; rain B. Are; rain C. Is; raining
She tried ______ the heavy box, but she couldn't move it at all.
A. carry B. to carry C. carrying
We ______ going to ______ a trip to the Great Wall next month. We are all looking forward to it.
A. are; take B. is; take C. are; taking
My parents often tell me ______ too much time playing computer games.
A. don't spend B. not to spend C. not spend
He was seen ______ in the park last Sunday. Many people took photos of him.
A. sing B. to sing C. singing
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空(每题 3 分,共 30 分)
They ______ (be) going to ______ (visit) the Science Museum this Saturday.
______ (be) your best friend ______ (take) part in the English competition next week
There ______ (not be) going to ______ (be) any classes tomorrow. It's National Day.
My mother wants me ______ (help) her with the housework every weekend.
He decided ______ (not go) to the cinema this evening. He has a lot of homework to do.
I find ______ (it) interesting ______ (learn) about different cultures around the world.
Remember ______ (turn off) the tap when you brush your teeth. It can save water.
The students ______ (be) going to ______ (have) a picnic in the mountains if it doesn't rain.
She tried ______ (cook) Chinese food for her foreign friends, and they loved it.(提示:表 “尝试做”)
The little boy was made ______ (finish) his homework before watching cartoons.(提示:被动语态还原 to)
(三)按要求完成句子(每题 4 分,共 20 分)
Tom is going to play basketball with his friends this afternoon.(改为一般疑问句)
______________________________________________________________________
They are going to have a picnic in the park next Sunday.(对划线部分提问,划线部分:have a picnic)
______________________________________________________________________
My mother wants me to learn to play the piano.(改为否定句)
______________________________________________________________________
He forgot to bring his umbrella this morning.(对划线部分提问,划线部分:forgot to bring his umbrella)
______________________________________________________________________
The students are going to take a math test tomorrow.(改为否定句)
______________________________________________________________________
(四)语篇填空(每题 2 分,共 20 分)
阅读下面短文,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,使短文完整、通顺。
Next month, my family and I ______ (be) going to take a trip to Guilin. We ______ (plan) this trip for a long time because we all want ______ (see) the beautiful mountains and rivers there. My father ______ (be) going to book the train tickets online this weekend. My mother is going to buy some snacks and clothes for the trip. She also wants me ______ (pack) my schoolbag by myself, so I ______ (not be) going to ask her for help.
During the trip, we ______ (visit) the Li River first. I ______ (try) to take many photos there. Then we ______ (go) to Yangshuo. I heard that the night view there is amazing. I'm sure we ______ (have) a wonderful time.
五、强化训练答案及解析
(一)单项选择答案及解析(每题 2 分,共 30 分)
A。解析:主语 my sister 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is;be going to 后接动词原形 have,故选 A。
B。解析:一般疑问句结构为 “Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形”,主语 they 是复数,be 动词用 Are;“hold a party”(举办派对)为固定搭配,故选 B。
A。解析:there be 句型的一般将来时为 “there is/are going to be”,a football match 是单数,be 动词用 is;不可用 “there is going to have”(have 表示 “拥有”,与 there be 表 “存在” 语义冲突),故选 A。
A。解析:主语 he 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is,否定形式为 is not(isn't);be going to 后接动词原形 watch,故选 A。
A。解析:根据答句 “is going to buy” 可知,问句需用 “be going to” 结构;主语 your father 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is,故选 A。
B。解析:“want to do sth.”(想要做某事)为固定搭配,“be a doctor”(成为一名医生),故选 B。
A。解析:think 后接形式宾语 it,真正宾语为不定式 “to practice speaking English”,符合 “think it + adj. + to do” 结构,故选 A。
A。解析:使役动词 make 后接 “宾语 + 动词原形”,否定形式为 “make sb. not do sth.”,故选 A。
A。解析:根据语境 “忘记锁门,狗跑出去”,动作 “锁门” 未发生,用 “forget to do sth.”,故选 A。
B。解析:“afford to do sth.”(负担得起做某事)为固定搭配,故选 B。
A。解析:主语 it 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is;be going to 后接动词原形 rain,故选 A。
B。解析:根据语境 “努力搬重箱子但没搬动”,表 “努力去做”,用 “try to do sth.”,故选 B。
A。解析:主语 we 是复数,be 动词用 are;be going to 后接动词原形 take,“take a trip”(去旅行)为固定搭配,故选 A。
B。解析:“tell sb. not to do sth.”(告诉某人不要做某事)为固定搭配,否定形式在 to 前加 not,故选 B。
B。解析:see 的被动语态中,省略的 to 需还原,“be seen to do sth.”(被看见做某事),故选 B。
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空答案及解析(每题 3 分,共 30 分)
are; visit。解析:主语 they 是复数,be 动词用 are;be going to 后接动词原形 visit。
Is; going to take。解析:一般疑问句将 be 动词提前,主语 your best friend 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 Is;“be going to” 后接动词原形 take,“take part in”(参加)为固定短语。
aren't; be。解析:there be 句型的否定形式为 “there be not going to be”,any classes 是复数,be 动词用 are,否定形式为 aren't。
to help。解析:“want sb. to do sth.”(想要某人做某事)为固定搭配,故填 to help。
not to go。解析:“decide not to do sth.”(决定不做某事)为固定搭配,否定形式在 to 前加 not,故填 not to go。
it; to learn。解析:find 后接形式宾语 it,真正宾语为不定式 “to learn about different cultures”,符合 “find it + adj. + to do” 结构。
to turn off。解析:根据语境 “刷牙时记得关水龙头”,动作 “关水龙头” 未发生,用 “remember to do sth.”,故填 to turn off。
are; have。解析:主语 the students 是复数,be 动词用 are;be going to 后接动词原形 have,“have a picnic”(去野餐)为固定短语。
cooking。解析:根据提示 “表尝试做”,用 “try doing sth.”(尝试做某事),故填 cooking。
to finish。解析:make 的被动语态中,省略的 to 需还原,“be made to do sth.”(被迫做某事),故填 to finish。
(三)按要求完成句子答案及解析(每题 4 分,共 20 分)
Is Tom going to play basketball with his friends this afternoon
解析:一般疑问句将 be 动词 Is 提前至句首,其余部分保持不变,句末加问号。
What are they going to do in the park next Sunday
解析:对 “做的事情” 提问用特殊疑问词 What,将 be 动词 are 提前,“have a picnic” 替换为 do,其余部分保持不变。
My mother doesn't want me to learn to play the piano.
解析:want 是实义动词,否定句需借助助动词 does,主语 my mother 是第三人称单数,助动词用 does,否定形式为 doesn't,后接动词原形 want,其余部分保持不变。
What did he forget to do this morning
解析:对 “忘记做的事情” 提问用特殊疑问词 What,forgot 是过去式,需借助助动词 did,后接动词原形 forget,“bring his umbrella” 替换为 do,其余部分保持不变。
The students are not going to take a math test tomorrow.(或 The students aren't going to take a math test tomorrow.)
解析:否定句在 be 动词 are 后加 not,可缩写为 aren't,其余部分保持不变。
(四)语篇填空答案及解析(每题 2 分,共 20 分)
are。解析:主语 my family and I 是复数,be 动词用 are,表 “打算去旅行”。
have planned。解析:根据 “for a long time”(很长时间)可知,用现在完成时,表示 “计划这个旅行已经很久了”,主语 we 是复数,助动词用 have,plan 的过去分词是 planned。
to see。解析:“want to do sth.”(想要做某事)为固定搭配,表 “想要看美丽的山水”。
is。解析:主语 my father 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is,表 “打算在网上订票”。
to pack。解析:“want sb. to do sth.”(想要某人做某事)为固定搭配,表 “想要我自己收拾书包”。
am not。解析:主语 I 搭配 be 动词 am,否定形式为 am not,表 “不打算向她求助”。
are going to visit。解析:全文围绕 “计划中的旅行” 展开,用 “be going to” 结构,主语 we 是复数,be 动词用 are,表 “打算先参观漓江”。
am going to try。解析:主语 I 搭配 be 动词 am,用 “be going to” 结构,表 “打算拍很多照片”。
are going to go。解析:主语 we 是复数,be 动词用 are,用 “be going to” 结构,表 “打算去阳朔”。
are going to have。解析:主语 we 是复数,be 动词用 are,用 “be going to” 结构,表 “确信会玩得很开心”。

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