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Lesson 43 Over the South Pole
一、核心词汇解析
1. pole n.
①（地球的）极
南极 the South Pole
北极 the North Pole
北极星 the Pole Star
②电极，磁极
正极 the positive pole
负极 the negative pole
2. flight n. 飞行，航班
fly v. 飞行 n. 苍蝇
练习：因为大雾，所有的航班都被取消了。
All flights have been cancelled because of the heavy fog.
3. explorer n. 探险家
explore v. 探险，探测
explore in the virgin forest 在原始森林探险
exploration n.（科研相关）探测，探险
4. lie lied lied 说谎 lie lay lain 躺
lie vi. ①躺，平卧 ②位于，处于（+ 地点）
vt. 说谎
n. 谎言
stay in bed = remain in bed = lie in bed 卧病在床
练习：那个镇位于伦敦东部。
That town lies in the east of London.
练习：这个小村庄坐落在大山脚下。
This small village lies at the foot of the mountain.
练习：他一躺下就睡着了。
He fell asleep as soon as he lay down.
练习：我坐在火堆旁，我的狗就躺在旁边。
I sit by the fire and my dog just lay beside me.
You lied. = You lied to me. 你撒谎了
练习：他在他的工作经历上跟老板撒谎了。
He lied to his boss on his working experience.
tell a lie 撒谎
a white lie 一个善意的谎言
a black lie 一个恶意的谎言
练习：这件事尽是谎言。
It is full of lies.
liar n. 撒谎的人，骗子
5. point n.
①尖端
②点
v. 指向
point at /to 指向...
6. seem v. 似乎，好像
① seem as if 看起来似乎...
② seem + 形
③ seem to do
④ seem that
⑤ seem like
⑥ seem (to sb.) that
练习：他看起来似乎很悲伤，因为他都哭了。
He seems to be sad because he even cries.
练习：他看起来很有钱。
He seems very rich.
练习：这事看起来是一场事故。
This thing seems like an accident.
练习：他似乎从未在美国住过。
He seems as if he has never lived in the USA before.
练习：在我看来这个声音很奇怪。
It seems to me that the sound is strange.
seem
appear
7. crash v. 坠毁
car crash 车祸
plane crash飞机失事
防撞护栏 crash barrier
防撞头盔 crash helmet
8. clear v. 越过
飞跃山峰 clear the mountain
天空放晴 clear up
清除 clear away
get over = clear 越过
练习：要是我们无法翻越这座山，我们只能绕山而行。
If we couldn't get over this mountain, we could only walk around it.
9. endless
hopeless helpless useless treeless
10. plain
n. 平原
a. 普通的
二、重点句型
1. In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R. E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time.
（1）句子的主句是 the American explorer flew over the South Pole.
（2）本句中有两对同位语，three years after... 是 1929 的同位语，插入性地补充说明他飞越北极的经历；R. E. Byrd 是 the American explorer 的同位语。
2. Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble.
（1）连词 though 引导的是让步状语从句，意为 “虽然…”。从句里的时间状语 at first 是用逗号隔开的。
（2）were able to 是暗示这件事不仅能做而且做成了。
（3）that lay below 是定语从句，修饰山脉，lay 是 lie 的过去式。
Beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder. 情人眼里出西施。
The wonder of life lies in its colorfulness. 生活的美妙在于它的丰富多彩。
（4）take a photograph of 拍照
run into trouble 陷入困境
练习：在他离家之前，他给他的旧房子拍了张照片。
Before he left, he took a photograph of his old house.
练习：每次他遇到困难，他都向父母寻求帮助。
He always asks his parents for help when he runs into trouble.
3. At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash.
It seemed certain 意思是 “看起来似乎是确定的”。It 是形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从句。
练习：他曾一度决定要当个画家。
It seemed certain that he decide to be an artist.
练习：现在似乎肯定会议将会被推迟。
Now it seems certain that the meeting will be put off.
4. It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10, 000 feet.
非真实条件句，表提前的假设。
5. Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in sight.
for 引导原因，表达了他们是由主观推测得出结论的。for 不可放句首，先有结果，再用 for 引出原因。
6. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty.
without difficulty 是介词短语作方式状语，意思是 “毫无困难地”，用来修饰动词 “飞越”。

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