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(共28张PPT)
Unit 5 Going on an exchange trip
主题范畴：
人与社会
主题群：
社会服务与人际沟通
子主题：
跨文化沟通与交流，语言与文化
Key question
What is it like to experience a new culture
master the grammar rules of the present perfect;
use the present perfect with already, yet, ever, never, since and for correctly.
Learning objectives 学习目标
At the end of the class, I’ll be able to:
Pay attention to the circled words.
the present perfect tense: have/has + been/V-ed
Lead-in
Eric has been in Beijing for a week. He has written an email to tell his mother about his exchange experience. Read the email and pay attention to the words in bold.
We use the present perfect to talk about past events with a connection to the present.
We form the present perfect with ______________________________ of the main verb.
have / has + the past participle
While-learning
I have seen the film. I do not want to see it again.
这部电影我已经看过了，不想再看了。
一、现在完成时的用法
1. 在以前某个时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事
情对目前有某种影响；
2. 到目前为止已经完成的事情。
My aunt has travelled all over the world.
我姑姑已经周游了世界。
A The present perfect tense
二、现在完成时的结构
1.肯定句：
1) I have learnt some useful Chinese phrases at a local school with my British classmates.
2) Our teacher has told us we will do some Chinese painting and tai chi next week.
注意：句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其他人称用have。
have/has + V-ed
2.否定句：
1) I haven’t tried tai chi before, so I am excited!
2) By the way, Wei hasn’t been to the UK.
haven’t (hasn’t)＋V-ed
3.一般疑问句：
回答：
Yes, … have (has).
No, … haven’t (hasn’t).
1) — Have I/you/we/they made a lot of new friends
— Yes, you/I/we/they have./No, you/I/we/they have not.
2) — Has he/she/it made a lot of new friends
— Yes, he/she/it has./No, he/she/it has not.
Have/Has + 主语 + V-ed + …
1. 一般直接在词尾加上ed。如：
look—looked—looked
2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词，直接加d。如：
move—moved—moved
3. 以y结尾，y前面是辅音字母的动词，变y为i，再加ed。
如：
carry—carried—carried
4. 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾
辅音字母，再加-ed。如：
stop—stopped—stopped
动词的过去分词的变化规则
cut cut cut
let let let
put put put
read read read
A-A-A型
(动词原形、过去式、过去分词都同形)
有一部分动词-ed形式的变化是不规则的，没有规律，需要记忆。比如：
do did done
be was/were been
go went gone
see saw seen
A-B-C型
(动词原形、过去式、过去分词都不同形)
have had had
make made made
spend spent spent
tell told told
A-B-B型
(动词过去式、过去分词同形)
B The present perfect tense with already, yet, ever, never, since and for
Read the passage below and pay attention to the words in bold.
We use _______ with a point in time. We use _______ with a period of time.
We can use the adverbs already, ever and never _____ have / has and _______ the main verb.
We often use yet at the end of a _______ or a _______ sentence.
since
for
after
before
question
negative
She has already tried a lot of local food in Beijing ...
1. already
— Have you seen the Great Wall yet
— No, I haven’t seen the Great Wall yet.
2. yet
三、现在完成时的标志词
意为“已经”，表示在此之前或某个特定时间之前，一般用于肯定句。
意为“还；尚未”，常用于疑问句或否定句。在疑问句中用来询问某事是否发生，在否定句中用来表示某事尚未发生但有可能发生。
Have you ever visited the Summer Palace
3. ever
No, I’ve never visited the Summer Palace.
4. never
意为“在任何时候；从来”，用于疑问句或否定句。
意为“从不”，表示否定意思。
She has stayed with her host family since 14 October.
He has worked here since 2010.
5. since
Sarah has been in Beijing for a week.
We have lived in this city for ten years.
6. for
意为“自从”，后接一个特定的时间点。
表示一个动作或状态的持续时长,后接一段时间（比如一个小时、一天、一周等）。
区分have/has been to和have/has gone to
Kitty, can you take our workbooks here They are in my office.
OK.
情景
学习
Where has Kitty gone
She has gone to the teachers’ office.
Where have you been, Kitty
I have been to the teachers’ office.
have been to与have gone to
A
A
He has been to Lanzhou.
表示某人曾去过某地（现已回来）
B
B
She has gone to Lanzhou.
表示某人在去某地途中或到了某地, 也可能在回来的路上 (现在还没有回来)
Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets and since or for.
Doris and Chris are good friends. They (1)______________ (know) each other (2)______________ a long time. They first met each other in the Tennis Club.
Doris is now in London on an exchange trip. She (3)______________ (be) away (4)______________ last Sunday. Chris went on holiday the week before. Therefore,
Doris (5)______________ (not see) Chris (6)______________ two weeks.
have known
for
has been
since
hasn’t seen
for
Think about your travelling experiences. Ask and answer questions with your classmates.
Have you ever been to Australia / Canada / Japan / India ...
Have you visited the Great Wall / ...
How long have you stayed / been in ...
Have you ever eaten ...
...
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作与现在有关，指过去的动作对现在造成的影响、结果等。
already, yet, ever, never, since, for
现在完成时
肯定句：
主语 + have/has + V-ed + 其他
否定句：
主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + V-ed + 其他
一般疑问句：
Have/Has + 主语 + V-ed + …？
肯定答语：
Yes, 主格代词 + have/has.
否定答语：
No, 主格代词 + haven’t/hasn’t.
构成
定义
标志词
Review
1. — ____ you ever ____ around New Zealand
— No, I haven’t. I’m looking forward to visiting it one day.
A. Do; tour B. Have; toured
C. Will; tour D. Has; tours
2. Zhong Nanshan _____ most of his time helping the patients over the past years.
A. will spend B. spends
C. has spent D. spend
一、单项选择。
3. It’s 7:30 am. Eric hasn’t got up ____. He’ll probably be late for work.
A. yet B. already C. instead D. too
4. — Has Arthur lent money to you
— _____. He is really kind, and he lent me 1,000 dollars.
A. Yes, he has B. No, he didn’t
C. Yes, he does D. No, he hasn’t
5. Paul _____ a good breakfast, so he isn’t hungry at all.
A. is eating B. will eat
C. has eaten D. have eaten
1. Bill ___________ (is winning / has won) first prize in the long jump twice.
2. Nothing has _________ (ever / never) happened in this small village. It looks the same as ten years ago.
3. Michael isn’t in. He’s just _______ (went / gone) out.
4. Amy moved away last year. I ______________ (don’t hear / haven’t heard) from her since then. I really miss her.
5. Mr Wilson has ________ (already / yet) started. He’s on the way to the airport.
二、从括号中选择适当的词或词组完成句子。
has won
ever
gone
haven’t heard
already
1. 苏珊已拍了一百多种动物的照片。
Susan _____ _____ _____ photos of over a hundred kinds of animals.
2. 他的父母很担心他，因为他已经好几天没有和他们联系了。
His parents are worried about him because he
_____ _____ in touch with them for a few days.
三、根据所给汉语意思提示，完成下列句子。
has already taken
hasn’t kept
3. 你的朋友们到火车站了吗？我打算现在去接他们。
_______ your friends _______ at the train station yet I plan to pick them up now.
4. 迄今为止，我们的历史老师已经读了约200本历史书了。
So far our history teacher _______ _______ about 200 history books.
5. 令他们吃惊的是，王刚以前从未用过电脑。
To their surprise, Wang Gang _______ _______ _______ the computer before.
Have arrived
has read
has never used
Finish the grammar exercise.
Optional: think about your travelling experiences. Use the present perfect properly.
Thank you!

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