资源简介

(共28张PPT)
Unit 6 Wisdom counts
主题范畴：
人与社会
主题群：
历史、社会与文化
子主题：
中外文学史上有代表性的作家和作品
Key question
What can we learn from ancient stories
know some grammar rules of the present perfect tense.
distinguish the differences between the present perfect tense and the simple past tense.
tell or create stories in correct tenses.
Learning objectives 学习目标
After learning, I will be able to:
They’ve gone and we’ve won.
I have finished my job.
She has not gone.
— Have they won
— Yes, they have.
— No, they have not / haven’t.
They’ve left their horse.
Lead-in
Sweep the floor. Make the bed. Wash the dishes. Hang up the clothes. Fix the chair. Empty the rubbish bin. Paint the wall. Mend the hole in the carpet. And get rid of those rats!
At once, sir!
This is a soldier’s room. It is in a mess. The captain is giving him the order to clean it.
The soldier has swept the floor.
He has not made the bed.
He has washed the dishes.
He has not painted the wall.
True or false
Now look at the pictures below and decide whether the following statements are T (True) or F (False).
T
F
T
T
before
after
The present perfect and the simple past
We can use both the present perfect and the simple past to talk about a past experience.
现在完成时和一般过去时都可以用于谈论过去的经历。
Grammar
While-learning
Read the dialogue between the captain and the soldier from the story of the Trojan Horse. Pay attention to the tenses of the verbs in bold.
We use the present perfect to talk about past events with a connection to the present.
We use the simple past to talk about a completed action in the past.
Let’s sum up the rules!
P89
现在完成时用来谈论与现在有联系的过去的事件。
一般过去时用来谈论过去已完成的动作。
辨析：现在完成时 vs 一般过去时
Look at these sentences.
1. I have studied History for two years.
I had a History lesson yesterday.
2. I have learned a lot about Greek history.
I read the story of the Trojan War last week.
两年前开始，现在仍在学。
昨天上的课，上课行为已经结束。
学习的行为可能结束可能继续，但现在掌握了知识。
上周的阅读行为，未涉及对现在的影响与关联。
① I have already tested the program.
我已经测试了这个程序。
② I have never danced in my life.
我有生以来从没跳过舞。
③ I have received twenty three letters.
我已经收到23封信了。
现在完成时
该时态可以用来：
表示动作已经完成并对现在有一定影响；
表示某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在；
表示到目前为止量的积累。
一般过去时
① They had a good time yesterday.
他们昨天玩得很开心。
② When I was a child, I often listened to music.
当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常听音乐。
该时态可以用来：
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
Attention
现在完成时和一般过去时用法比较：
如果同时考虑过去和现在，就用现在完成时； 如果不考虑现在，就不用现在完成时。如：
① She has just had her lunch.
② She had her lunch two hours ago.
她刚吃过午饭。(表示她现在不饿。)
她两小时前吃过午饭。(仅说明事实，不知道她现在饿不饿。)
现在完成时通常不与表示过去时间的词语连用。如yesterday, last week, three years ago, in 1980等。如：
( ) I have visited the Bund in Shanghai yesterday /
last week / three years ago / in 1980.
如果与表示“到现在为止的某个/任意时间”的词语连用，如ever, before, never, yet, recently, already, lately等，通常用现在完成时。
① I have never seen that film.
② I have read the book recently.
我从未看过那部电影。
我最近读了这本书。
如果考虑的是“到现在为止”的一段时间，通常使用现在完成时；如果考虑的是一个已经过去的时间，就用一般过去时。
① You have helped me a lot.
② I passed the English test.
你已经帮了我很多忙了。(到目前为止)
我通过了这次英语测试。(在过去的某个时间)
now
past
future
现在完成时
一般过去时
They’ve been married now for 30 years.
They got married in June, 1990.
结婚30周年纪念
图文释疑
1. 现在完成时的句子中，since和for的用法：
since+过去的点时间
since+段时间+ago
since+从句（动词用过去时）
for+段时间
2. 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时表示过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
Review
(1) The Trojan War has lasted for about ten years.
(2) Who broke into the shop last night
(3) There have been many famous poets in the Tang dynasty.
(4) I have had a history lesson yesterday.
(5) The King of Sparta has started the war.
(6) Ellie learnt a lot about Greek history since she joined the
History Club.
Decide whether the sentences are correct (√) or not (×). If they are wrong, underline the mistakes and correct them.
P89






lasted
were
had
started
has learnt
Complete the diary entry below with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
opened
went
bought
visited
have seen
bought
have read
have never been
P90
Discuss an ancient Chinese story about wisdom in pairs. Use the questions below to help you. You may add your own questions.
(1) When did the story take place
(2) What happened in the story
(3) What have you learnt from the story
…
Grammar in use
S1: What is the story
S2: It is a famous story called ...
S1: When did the story take place
S2: The story took place in ... period.
S1: What happened in the story
...
现在完成时 一般过去时
意义 现在完成时强调过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 般过去时表示过去发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情。
标志词 或短语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till, until, up to now等 yesterday, last week, ago, just now, in 1980等
Summary
一、单项选择。
1. Alan’s parents ______ his grandmother for nine years.
A. are looking after B. look after
C. have looked after D. looked after
2. — How long have you lived in this fishing village
— _____ I was born.
A. Since B. When
C. Because D. Though
3. — Have you ever been to Wuhan
— Yes. I ______ there with my best friend in 2017.
A. have gone B. went C. go D. goes
4. — Where is your pet dog, Anna
— He ______ for a month. I really miss him.
A. has died B. has been dead
C. died D. die
5. Jill ______ the bicycle since her uncle bought it for her last year.
A. has B. had C. has had D. have
二、从括号中选择适当的词或词组完成句子。
1. Nick _____________ (has watched / watches) 20 English films since last year.
2. The passengers ____________ (waited / have waited) for the bus for half an hour, but it hasn’t arrived.
3. — When did you come back from Shanghai, Sally
— I _____________ (have been back / have come back) for two days.
4. It’s 10:30 am. The plane __________ (has taken off / took off) at 10 am.
5. Mr Brown ____________ (travelled / has travelled) to five cities since he came to China.
has watched
have waited
have been back
took off
has travelled
三、根据所给汉语意思提示，完成下列句子。
1. 快点儿！电影已经开始10分钟了。
Come on! The film _____ ______ ________ for ten minutes.
2. 杰克的哥哥已经练习打网球一个多月了。
Jack’s brother ______ ________ playing tennis for over a month.
has been on
has practised
3. 李阿姨的儿子2016年参军了。
Aunt Li’s son ________ the army in 2016.
4. 戴夫上次数学测验不及格。自那以来，他比以前更努力学习了。
Dave failed the Maths test last time. Since then he
________ _______ harder than before.
5. 我已经使用微信三年半了。
I ________ _______ WeChat for three and a half years.
joined
has studied
have used
Make some sentences using the present perfect tense and the simple past tense (at least 10).
Preview Speaking on P91.
Thank you!

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