Unit 1 Happy Holiday【全真课文重点讲解】---2025秋新人教版八上(2022新课标)【紧跟课文,讲拓并重】(原创资料)

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Unit 1 Happy Holiday【全真课文重点讲解】---2025秋新人教版八上(2022新课标)【紧跟课文,讲拓并重】(原创资料)

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2025秋新人教版八上
Unit 1 Happy Holiday
【全真课文重点讲解】
(紧跟课文,讲拓并重)
Section A
1、"Take Music Lessons"
"Take music lessons" 表示“上音乐课/参加音乐课”。
(课文中,这里相当于我们常说的暑假报个音乐辅导班), 这是take很灵活的用法,又如:
take piano/guitar/violin/singing lessons = 上钢琴/吉他/小提琴/声乐课(具体乐器)。
take,用法很多,属于高频单词,一些常用点如下:
表示 "吃/喝"(比 eat/drink 更口语)
Take some... = 吃点/喝点...
- Take some water(喝点水)
- Take a bite(咬一口)
- Want to take some chips (想吃点薯片吗?)
Take medicine(吃药)
表示 "接受/忍受"
Take it = 接受现实/忍着点
- I know it's hard, but you gotta(have to) take it.(我知道很难,但你得忍着。)
- Can't take the heat (受不了热?)→ 引申为"扛不住压力"
Take shit(粗俗但常用)= 忍受废话/欺负
- I won't take shit from anyone!(我绝不忍受任何人的欺负!)
表示 "理解/认为"
Take it as... = 把它当作...
- Take it as a compliment.(就当是夸奖吧。)
- Don't take it seriously.(别太当真。)
How do you take it = 你怎么看?
- He said you're lazy — how do you take that (他说你懒,你怎么想?)
表示 "需要/花费"(超实用)
It takes balls/guts = 需要勇气
- Telling the truth takes guts.(说真话需要勇气。)
Take time = 花时间
- Good things take time.(好事多磨。)
固定短语(老外挂嘴边)
Take five = 休息五分钟
- Let's take five and continue.(我们休息五分钟再继续。)
Take it easy = 放松点
- Hey man, take it easy!(嘿老兄,放轻松!)
Take the L(俚语)= 认输/接受失败(L = Loss)
Take a leak(去个厕所)
Take photos 拍照
take用法和短语还有很多,后面会有一个补充。
2、go to the mountains去山区(旅游)或去爬山,可能是旅行、徒步、度假、爬山等,亲近自然、乡村山区旅游是现在人们经常进行的活动。
相关短语:
◆go hiking, 远足,徒步旅行
◆take a walk 散步
◆hit the road 离开,出发,开启一个旅程。
◆攀岩:Rock climbing ,室内攀岩:Indoor climbing
另外,go to+名词,在这里也是一个很灵活的用法,表达意思根据具体语境,一般相当于”去参加…”的意思,比如课文里的:
go to a summer camp(参加夏令营),
go to a festival(参加节日活动)
go to a strawberry festival(参加草莓音乐节)
再如:go to parties 参加派对;go to dances 参加舞会 go to a meeting参加会议 go to a reality show/talk show参加真人秀/脱口秀
3、amazing, 令人惊奇的、震惊的,精彩的,这里是说黄山的美丽景色令人感到非常惊奇,叹为观止。
还有一个同根单词amazed:感到惊奇的、惊讶的、震惊的。
注意:在英语中,以“动词 + ed/ing”的形容词用法要注意区分,
-ed 结尾的形容词:表示感到…的,强调人的主观感受,主语多是人,常见词有:surprised(惊讶的)、bored(无聊的)、interested(感兴趣的)、excited(兴奋的)、tired(疲惫的)等。
例:
The students were surprised at the sudden test.
(学生们对突然的考试感到惊讶。)
She felt bored with the long meeting.
(她对冗长的会议感到厌倦。)
Are you interested in learning new skills
(你对学习新技能感兴趣吗?)
-ing 结尾的主要形容物,描述事物性质或状态,表示令人…的,主语多是物,常见词有:surprising(令人惊讶的)、boring(无聊的)、interesting(有趣的)、exciting(令人兴奋的)、tiring(累人的)等。
例句:
The movie was very interesting. 这部电影非常 有趣。
It was a surprising result. 那是个 令人惊讶的 结果。
The news is exciting! 这个消息 令人兴奋!
常见"-ed" vs. "-ing" 形容词对比表
-ed(描述人) 意思 -ing(描述物/事) 意思
amazed 感到惊奇的 amazing 令人惊叹的
bored 感到无聊的 boring 无聊的
excited 兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的
frightened 害怕的 frightening 可怕的
interested 感兴趣的 interesting 有趣的
surprised 惊讶的 surprising 令人惊讶的
tired 疲惫的 tiring 累人的
disgusted 恶心的 disgusting 令人作呕的
confused 困惑的 confusing 令人困惑的
satisfied 满意的 satisfying 令人满足的
【2022新课标】
4、how beautiful it is!how great it is!
课文中出现了感叹句。英语中,How和what 都可以引导感叹句,
核心区别是:修饰对象不同!在感叹句中,how修饰的是形容词或副词;而what修饰的是名词。
What 感叹句
结构: What + (a/an) + 形容词 + (可数或不可数)名词 + 主语 + 谓语!(主谓往往省略)
What a beautiful girl she is! (她是个多么漂亮的女孩啊!)
What an interesting book this is! (这是本多么有趣的书啊!)
What good news! / What beautiful flowers!
How 感叹句
结构: How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语!
(主谓往往省略)
例句:
How beautiful the girl is! (这女孩多美啊!)
How fast he runs! (他跑得多快啊!)
5、anything special,anywhere interesting形容词后置用法
当形容词修饰 不定代词(如 something, anything, nothing, everything, someone, anyone, nobody, somewhere 等)时,一般形容词放在这些词的后面。
如:
something interesting(有趣的事情)
anything special(任何特别的东西)
nothing important(没什么重要的)
someone famous(某个名人)
anywhere quiet(任何安静的地方)
6、fantastic好极了棒极了
英语中这类表示很好、很棒、超好、精彩的单词除了good\great\wonderful,还有一些用的也很多,总结下:
Awesome(原义“令人敬畏的”,口语中广泛表示“太棒了”)
例:The concert was awesome!
Amazing(令人惊叹的)
例:The view from the mountain is amazing.
Fantastic(极好的,带兴奋感)
例:You got the job That’s fantastic!
Excellent(优秀的,较正式)
例:Her performance was excellent.
Incredible(难以置信的好)
例:The food at that restaurant is incredible.
Outstanding(出类拔萃的)
例:His work is truly outstanding.
Brilliant(英式常用,表“才华横溢”或“绝妙”)
例:What a brilliant idea!
Superb(近乎完美的)
例:The service at the hotel was superb.
Terrific(极好的,含兴奋或惊喜)
例:You look terrific in that dress!
Fabulous(华丽或令人愉悦的)
例:We had a fabulous time at the party.
7、festival,holiday,vacation
Festival,节日,侧重指那种传统节日,如圣诞节、元旦、中秋节、元宵节。
Holiday,放假,假期,比较通用。
Vacation,休假,美式英语多用,go on vacation为固定搭配。
8、stay with ,stay at,stay in
Stay with 和…待在一起,如:stay with my family
Stay at /in区别:
一般stay at表达呆在一个相对较小的地方,stay at home
Stay in一般表示呆在一个相对较大的地方,stay in London
这一点和arrive at/in类似(课文出现arrive at),arrive at一般到达一个相对较小的地方,
而arrive in表示到达一个较大的地方:
We arrived at the airport at 10 AM.(上午10点到达机场);
They arrived in Paris yesterday.(昨天抵达巴黎);
9、take one’s breath away
take one's breath away”,“令人惊叹不已”或“让人屏住呼吸”。这个短语通常用来形容某物或某场景如此壮观、美丽或令人惊讶,以至于让人无法呼吸或说不出话来。
The beauty of the sunset took my breath away.
夕阳的美景让我惊叹不已。
10、play games打游戏
Paly往往用于我们常说的运动类活动,球类棋类等后面直接加对应名词:比如:
打篮球play basketball,踢足球play football
打网球play tennis, 下棋play chess
如果是乐器类,则play后面要加the,也就是乐器类加定冠词,如:
弹钢琴 Play the piano 弹吉他play the guitar
11、enjoy,及物动词
Enjoy = 享受、喜欢,
enjoy + 名词/代词(享受某事物)
I enjoy music/coffee.(我喜欢音乐/咖啡。)
enjoy + 动词-ing(喜欢做某事)
They enjoy swimming in the sea.(他们喜欢在海里游泳。)
Do you enjoy cooking (你喜欢做饭吗?)
enjoy yourself(玩得开心,常用于祝福或告别)
"Enjoy yourself at the party!"(祝你在派对上玩得开心!)
We really enjoyed ourselves on vacation.(我们假期玩得很开心。)
常用搭配
enjoy life(享受生活)
enjoy the moment(享受当下)
enjoy the view(欣赏风景)
同义词
like(喜欢,但语气比 enjoy 弱)
love(热爱,程度更深)
have fun(玩得开心,更口语化)
12、relax,及物动词,指身体或精神上的放松,减轻压力或紧张。
You need to relax after a long day.(漫长的一天后你需要放松。)
形容词relaxed:感到放松的;随意的。
He looked relaxed in the casual clothes.(他穿着便装,看起来很放松。)
形容词Relaxing令人放松的、舒缓的,
常见搭配
Relax + 身体部位:Relax your shoulders(放松肩膀)
Relax + 抽象名词:Relax your mind(放松心情)
课文还有rest your mind and body休息身心。和relax同意。
take/have a rest(休息一下)
get some rest(获得休息)
13、try dishes
Try,这里是指品尝美味,相当于taste。
Try相关常用短语:
try to do sth 努力做某事
try one's best (to do)尽全力
try one's patience 考验耐心
It's worth trying. (值得一试。)
try doing:用于描述尝试某种方法或手段,
例如,“I tried knocking at the back door, but nobody answered.”(我试着敲了敲后门,但没人回答。)
Try pressing the red button if it doesn't work. (如果不行,试试按红色按钮。)
顺便来看看Taste,品尝,课文也出现多次。
作为及物动词,可以直接加美味菜肴,比如:
Taste this dish/wine/cake尝尝这道菜/酒/蛋糕
Taste还有系动词be的特性,后面直接加形容词:
This dish tastes spicy/sweet/salty/bitter/sour.(这道菜尝起来很辣/甜/咸/苦/酸。)
The water tastes strange.(这水的味道很奇怪。)
Taste还指人的品味、审美,一般后面加in,表示某方面的品味
She has good taste in fashion.(她的时尚品味很好。)
His taste in music is quite unique.(他的音乐品味很独特。)
14、landscape,scenery,表示景色
表示景色的有几个常见的:
scenery(风景)、landscape(景观)、view(景色)、scene(场景)、sight(景象)和panorama(全景)。
Scenery :不可数名词,指某地整体的自然风景、整体视觉,强调视觉美感和地域性特征。例:
The mountain scenery is breathtaking.(山景令人叹为观止)
The scenery around the West Lake is beautiful.西湖的景色非常美丽。
Landscape :特指陆地上的自然风光,尤指开阔的乡村或田园景色,如山脉、田野等构成的整体画面。例:The landscape of Tuscany is famous for its vineyards.(托斯卡纳的风景以葡萄园闻名)
View :指从高处或特定位置或角度看到的局部景色,强调视野范围内的景象、具体景象。例:The hotel room offers a stunning view of the ocean.(酒店房间可欣赏壮丽海景)
Scene :可数名词,描述具体、动态的场景,常包含人物或活动。例:The sunrise painted a peaceful scene over the lake.(日出为湖面描绘出宁静的景象)
Sight :单数指“所见景象”,复数(sights)多指人文名胜或旅游景点。例:The Great Wall is one of the most famous sights in China.(长城是中国最著名的景点之一)
Panorama :指广阔的全景风光,强调视野的开阔性。例:From the hilltop, we enjoyed a panorama of the valley.(从山顶可俯瞰山谷全景)
15、spend a few days度过了几天时间
当花费时间/金钱时,下面几个单词注意区别:
表“花费”的四词区别:spend、cost、take、pay
1) “spend”这个词的主语一般是“人”,它既可以表示花费时间,也能够表示花费金钱。它常见的用法有两种:
一种是“spend + 时间/金钱 + (in)doing sth.”,
另一种是“spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth.”。
例句:She spent three hours (in) cleaning her room.
He spent a lot of money on his new clothes.
2)“cost”的主语通常是“物”,它更多的时候是用来表示花费金钱,但偶尔也能表示花费时间。它的用法是“sth. + cost + sb. + 金钱”。举个例子:
The beautiful dress costs her 500 yuan.
The project cost them a lot of time and energy.
3)“take”可以表示花费时间或者金钱,但它更常用于表示花费时间。常用的句型是 “It takes + sb. + 时间 + to do sth.”,这里的 “it” 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的 “to do sth.”。如:
“It takes me two hours to finish this difficult math problem.”
“It will take a lot of money to build this big house.”
4)“pay”的主语通常也是“人”,它主要表示支付金钱,而且经常和介词 “for” 一起用,用法是 “pay + 金钱 + for sth.”。
例如 “I paid 20 dollars for this interesting book.”
16、join me
“Join” 是一个常用动词,表示“加入、参与、连接”等意思。
作为及物动词,Join + 人/团体、群体, 表示“加入某人或某个群体一起做某事”。
- Join me!(加入我吧!)
- "we’re going for a walk. Want to join us "(我们要去散步,要一起吗?)
- She joined a book club.(她加入了一个读书俱乐部。)
作为不及物动词:Join in + 活动 =take part in
- They invited me to join (in) the game.(他们邀请我一起玩游戏。)
- Everyone joined in the singing.(大家都加入了合唱。)
Join A to/with B
表示“将两物连接起来”。
- Join the pieces with glue.(用胶水把这些碎片粘起来。)
Join hands
象征性表达,指“携手合作”。
- We must join hands to solve this problem.(我们必须携手解决这个问题。)
17、start to do,start doing/begin to do ,begin doing
Start/begin 接to do和doing,表示开始做某事,一般可以互换使用。
细微的区别在于Start/begin to do更倾向于强调动作的开始,
Start/begin 接doing,更侧重表达动作的持续性。
还有一个短语:begin with,表示 “以…… 开始;从…… 着手”,后面接开始的事物或起点。
例如:The concert began with a beautiful piano solo.(音乐会以一首优美的钢琴独奏曲开始。)
18、by the bed在床边
"By" 是非常常用的介词,用法小结:
表示方式、方法:by + 名词/动名词(表示通过某种手段或方法)
- She learned English by watching movies. (她通过看电影学英语。)
- The message was sent by email. (消息是通过电子邮件发送的。)
表示时间期限(“在…之前”):by + 时间点
- Please finish the report by Friday. (请在周五前完成报告。)
- I’ll be back by 6 PM. (我会在6点前回来。)
表示位置(“在…旁边”):by + 地点
- She sat by the window. (她坐在窗边。)
- There’s a café by the station. (车站旁边有一家咖啡馆。)
表示移动路径(“经过、经由”): go/pass by + 地点
- The bus goes by the museum. (公交车会经过博物馆。)
固定短语搭配
- by accident(偶然地): I found the key by accident.
- by chance(碰巧): We met by chance in Paris.
- by the way(顺便说): By the way, did you call her
- by heart(背诵): She knows the poem by heart.
- by hand(手工制作)。
Section B
19、fight against
课文中,fight是名词,加介词against(反对、反馈)表示反抗…的。
Fight作为动词时, "Fight against" 表示“与……作斗争”或“反对……”,通常指对抗某种负面事物(如疾病、不公、敌人等)。
- The government is fighting against corruption. (政府正在打击腐败。)
- Doctors fight against diseases every day. (医生每天都在与疾病作斗争。)
对比 "fight for"(为……而战):
- fight against(反对/对抗)→ 强调对抗负面事物
- fight for(争取/支持)→ 强调争取正面目标
- They are fighting for freedom. (他们为自由而战。)
- They are fighting against oppression. (他们反抗压迫。)
20、remember/forget to do和remember/forget doing区别
to do指向未来或未发生的动作,doing指向过去或已完成的动作。
核心区别与用法
remember to do :记得去做某事(未做),如“Remember to lock the door”(记得锁门,门未锁)。
remember doing :记得做过某事(已做),如“I remember meeting him”(记得见过他,已见面)。

forget to do :忘记要做某事(未做),如“I forgot to call her”(忘记打电话,未打)。
forget doing :忘记做过某事(已做),如“I forgot locking the door”(忘记锁过门,已锁)。

21、feel like doing想要做某事
feel like doing此时相当于would like to do想要做某事的意思。
I feel like going for a walk.(我想去散步。)
Do you feel like watching a movie tonight (你今晚想看电影吗?)
feel like后面还可以直接名词,表示想要什么东西:
I feel like a cup of coffee.(我想喝杯咖啡。)
Do you feel like an ice cream (你想吃冰淇淋吗?)
另外,Feel like that从句,表达觉得… 感到…, 表达 "有某种感觉/想法",后接 从句(完整句子) 说明具体感受。
课文中:I felt like that I was walking inside a palace. 感到象在皇宫里。
She feels like (that) nobody understands her.
(她觉得没人理解她。)
列个表:
Feel like (that) + 从句 觉得,感到:表达完整想法或感受 I feel like (that) I need a break.
Feel like + 名词 想要某物 I feel like a coffee.(我想喝咖啡。)
Feel like + 动名词 想做某事 I feel like sleeping.(我想睡觉。)
22、travel\ tour\ journey \trip 的区别
travel: 最通用的,泛指旅行的行为,而不特指某次具体的旅行。一般指长途旅行,不强调旅行的目的地。
My father has traveled the whole country.
我父亲已经游遍了全国。
He was a very wealthy man who had traveled the world.
他是个非常富有的人,曾经周游过世界。
tour: 多指与有组织的旅行相关联,如旅行团,那些以观光为主要目的的旅行。这种旅行距离可长可短。
The writer will tour the country promoting his book.
这个作家将在全国巡回推销他的书。
You can tour the site on bicycle.
你可以骑自行车游览那处遗址。
trip: 常指短途旅行。
They are planning a trip to Shanghai.
他们正计划去上海旅游。
journey: 常用词,常指长距离旅行,且是单程陆路旅行。但有时也指水上或空中旅行。
It was a long journey, but we eventually arrived.
虽然旅程很长,但是我们最后还是到达了。
How long does the journey usually take
这段旅程通常需要多长时间?
23、feel sick有点恶心,不舒服,
课文中还出现Feel weel,感到身体良好;
feel better感到好多了,
24、It was such a good experience。如此美妙的体验。
such a good experience,这个结构中,Such(如此、这么) 是形容词,修饰名词,不能用so,因so是副词,修饰形容词。
来具体看下区别:
so和such后面都接单数可数名词,但词序不同。
so的词序为:so+adj.+a (an) +n.
such的词序为:such+a (an) +adj. +n.
例:so nice a coat(nice是形容词,前面只能用so)=such a nice coat 这么漂亮的一件外套(such修饰名词coat)
后面接复数名词或不可数名词时,只能用such,而不能用so。
例如:such clever children如此聪明的孩子
She has such patience.她有如此的耐心。
但是有个例外:当复数名词或不可数名词前有many,few, much,1itt1e修饰时,只能用so而不能用 such,这是一种固定用法。
例如:so many books 这么多的书
25、remind,及物动词,“提醒;使想起”。
用法一:remind sb. of sth.
表示“使(人)想起,使记起”
The old photo reminds her of her childhood in the countryside.
用法二:remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事
Could you remind me to buy groceries after work
用法三:remind sb. about sth.
指提醒某人注意某事的细节、时间或信息 。
The teacher reminded students about the homework deadline.
用法四:remind oneself
表示“自我提醒或自我警戒” 。
He reminded himself to check emails every morning.
用法五:remind that
后接that从句,The notice reminded us that parking is prohibited here.
26、go back to your regular life 回归正常生活
Regular,形容词,定期的,规律的,正规的。
一些短语常用:
regular customer 常客;老主顾
regular exercise规律运动
regular meetings定期会议
regular check-ups定期体检
regular people普通人
regular size常规尺寸
regular army正规军
27、seem,看起来象,似乎,可能
“seem”作系动词,意为“似乎;好像;看起来”,常见用法有:
seem + 形容词 例如:He seems happy. 他看起来很开心。
seem + 名词 例如:She seems a nice girl. 她看起来是个好女孩。
作动词:
seem + to do sth.
例如:They seem to know the truth. 他们似乎知道真相。
It seems + that 从句
例如:It seems that he is right. 似乎他是对的。
seem like + 名词
例如:It seems like a good idea. 这似乎是个好主意。
28、turn around转身,转头; 好转
Turn around and face me.(转过身来面对我)
The car turned around at the end of the street.(汽车在街尾调头)
I turned around to see you at the corner(拐角转身看到你)
The business is starting to turn around. (生意开始好转。)
Turn是高频词,很多搭配:
表示“转动;旋转;翻转”,
例如:Turn the key in the lock.
(把钥匙插进锁里转动。)
表示“改变方向;转弯”,
如:Turn left at the corner.
(在拐角处向左转。)
表示“使变化;使变成”,常见搭配有:turn + 形容词,
例如:The leaves turned yellow.
(树叶变黄了。)
用作名词,“轮流;依次”,
常见短语:
It's your turn.
(轮到你了。)
turn on 打开(电器等)
turn off 关闭(电器等)
turn up 调高(音量等);出现
turn down 调低(音量等);拒绝
turn out 结果是;证明是;生产;关掉
-The party turned out to be very successful. (聚会结果非常成功。)
- The factory turns out 100 cars a day.(这家工厂每天生产 100 辆汽车。)
turn in 上交;交还
- Please turn in your homework on time. (请按时交作业。)
turn into 变成
- The caterpillar turned into a butterfly. (毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶。)
turn to 转向;求助于
- She turned to me for help.(她向我求助。)
turn away 把……打发走;拒绝
- The guard turned away the stranger.(门卫把陌生人打发走了。)
turn over 翻转;移交
- The car turned over in the accident.(汽车在事故中翻了。)
- He turned over the business to his son.
(他把生意移交给了儿子。)
29、hope和wish 希望,动词,课文中都有出现。
hope和wish用法很多,区别也比较明显。
先看以下“hope”的常见用法:
hope它表达的是一种比较积极、有可能实现的愿望。
hope to do sth:意为“希望做某事”(注意: “hope”后不能接“sb. to do sth.”的结构)
例如:I hope to visit London one day.(我希望有一天能去伦敦)
hope + that 从句:表示“希望……”。
例如:She hopes that she can pass the exam.(她希望她能通过考试。)
hope for sth:“希望得到某物”。如:We hope for good weather.(我们希望有好天气。)
短语:
in the hope of:怀着……的希望。
hope against hope:抱一线希望:No one believes that they can do it – but I'm still hoping against hope that they can.
没有人相信他们能做成这件事情,但我对此仍抱有一线希望。
hope for the best抱乐观的态度,尽量往好处想”
而wish:希望,祝愿,想要,表达的愿望实现的可能性较小。多用来表示祝福、祝愿性质:
wish能接双宾语表示祝愿:
I wish you success.我祝你成功.
We wish you a Merry Christmas.
wish sb to do sth. “希望某人干某事 ”(不能说:hope sb to do sth.):All parents wish their children to be happy.
拓展:wish接that引导的从句,从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气(动词用过去时,或过去完成时).
I wish that I knew the answer.
我希望我知道这个答案.
I wish I had bought it yesterday.
我希望昨天买了它.
固定搭配:
Best wishes,最美好的祝愿
Wish you a Merry Christmas 圣诞快乐
Wish you a Happy New Year 新年快乐
Wish you a Happy Birthday 生日快乐
Wish you a speedy recovery 祝你早日康复
本单元语法:
本单元语法主要是复合不定代词。
基本概念
复合不定代词是由 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 -body, -one, -thing 组合而成的代词,用于指代不特定的人或事物。
构成分类
前缀 \ 后缀 -body/-one (指人) -thing (指物) -where (指地点)
some- somebody/someone
某人 something
某事物 somewhere
某处
any- anybody/anyone
任何人/某人 anything
任何事物 anywhere
任何地方
no- nobody/no one
没有人 nothing
没有事物 nowhere
无处
every- everybody/everyone
所有人 everything
一切事物 everywhere
到处
语法规则
1. 谓语动词单数
复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数:
Everyone has their own opinion.
Nothing was left on the table.
2. 形容词后置
修饰复合不定代词的形容词必须后置:
I want to eat something delicious.
Is there anything interesting on TV
3. 所有格形式
指人的复合不定代词可用所有格:
Somebody's wallet was found.
Everyone's opinion matters.
4. 与else连用
表示“其他”:
Does anyone else want to come
I need something else to drink.
具体用法:
1. 指人的复合不定代词
somebody/someone
- 意义:某人(肯定句中)
- 例句:
There's someone at the door. (门口有个人)
Somebody left their umbrella. (有人落下了伞)
anybody/anyone
- 意义:任何人(疑问/否定);某人(肯定)
- 例句:
Does anyone know the answer (有人知道答案吗?)
I didn't see anybody. (我没看到任何人)
You can ask anyone for help. (你可以找任何人帮忙)
nobody/no one
- 意义:没有人
- 例句:
No one believes him. (没人相信他)
I saw nobody in the room. (房间里一个人也没有)
everybody/everyone
- 意义:所有人
- 例句:
Everyone loves the movie. (大家都喜欢这部电影)
I invited everybody to the party. (我邀请了所有人参加派对)
2. 指物的复合不定代词
something
- 意义:某物(肯定句中)
- 例句:
I want to tell you something. (我有事要告诉你)
She bought something special. (她买了特别的东西)
anything
- 意义:任何事物(疑问/否定);某事(肯定)
- 例句:
Do you need anything (你需要什么吗?)
I don't know anything about it. (我对此一无所知)
You can choose anything you like. (你可以选任何你喜欢的)
nothing
- 意义:没有东西
- 例句:
Nothing can stop us. (没有什么能阻止我们)
There's nothing in the box. (盒子里什么也没有)
everything
- 意义:一切事物
- 例句:
Everything is ready. (一切都准备好了)
She lost everything in the fire. (她在火灾中失去了一切)
指地点的复合不定代词
somewhere
- 意义:某处(肯定句中)
- 例句:
Let's go somewhere quiet. (我们去个安静的地方吧)
anywhere
- 意义:任何地方(疑问/否定);某处(肯定)
- 例句:
Have you seen my keys anywhere (你在哪儿看到我的钥匙了吗?)
We can't find him anywhere. (我们到处都找不到他)
You can sit anywhere. (你可以坐任何地方)
nowhere
- 意义:无处
- 例句:
He was nowhere to be found. (到处都找不到他)
This path leads nowhere. (这条路哪儿也不通)
everywhere
- 意义:到处
- 例句:
I've looked everywhere. (我到处都找过了)
Everywhere we went was crowded. (我们去哪儿都人多)
特殊注意事项
1. some- vs. any-
- some- 系列通常用于肯定句
- any- 系列通常用于疑问句和否定句
- 但在表示“任何”的肯定句中用 any-:
You can ask anyone for help.
2. no- 与 not any- 的转换
There is nothing in the box.
= There isn't anything in the box.
3. 与介词搭配
I'm looking for someone to talk to.
She has nowhere to go.
PS:
补充一下take的用法和短语:
1. 拿取;带走(物理动作)
- Take the book from the table.(从桌子上拿书。)
- She took her dog to the park.(她带狗去了公园。)
2. 乘坐(交通工具)
- Take the bus/subway/train.(乘公交车/地铁/火车。)
3. 花费(时间/金钱)
(It takes + (时间/金钱/精力) + to do sth)
- It takes me 30 minutes to get to school.(我上学要花30分钟。)
- The trip took a lot of money.(这次旅行花了很多钱。)
4. 吃/喝/服用(药物)
- Take your medicine after meals.(饭后吃药。)
- Do you take sugar in your coffee (你咖啡里加糖吗?)
5. 接受;采取(行动、措施)
- She took my advice.(她接受了我的建议。)
- The government took action.(政府采取了行动。)
6. 理解;认为
- I take it that you agree.(我理解为你同意了。)
- How do you take this news (你怎么看待这个消息?)
7. 拍摄(照片);记录
- He took a photo of the sunset.(他拍了一张日落的照片。)
- The police took his fingerprints.(警察采集了他的指纹。)
8. 需要;要求
- It takes courage to speak up.(需要勇气才能说出来。)
- The job takes patience.(这份工作需要耐心。)
常见短语动词
1. take off
- (飞机)起飞:The plane took off on time.(飞机准时起飞。)
- 脱掉(衣服):Take off your shoes before entering.(进门脱鞋。)
- 突然成功:His career really took off last year.(他的事业去年突然起飞。)
2. take on
- 承担(责任):She took on more work.(她承担了更多工作。)
- 雇佣:The company took on new employees.(公司雇了新员工。)
3. take over
- 接管:A new manager took over the project.(新经理接管了这个项目。)
- 占据:The army took over the city.(军队占领了这座城市。)
4. take up
- 开始(爱好):He took up painting.(他开始学画画。)
- 占用(时间/空间):This table takes up too much space.(这张桌子占太多空间。)
5. take after
- 长得像(父母):She takes after her mother.(她长得像她妈妈。)
6. take back
- 收回(说过的话):I take back what I said.(我收回我说的话。)
- 退货:Can I take this shirt back (我能退这件衬衫吗?)
7. take out
- 取出:He took out his wallet.(他拿出了钱包。)
- 带某人出去:I’ll take you out for dinner.(我带你出去吃饭。)
8. take in
- 理解:I couldn’t take in all the information.(我无法理解所有信息。)
- 收留:She took in a stray cat.(她收留了一只流浪猫。)
9. take down
- 写下:Take down the notes.(记下笔记。)
- 拆除:They took down the old building.(他们拆掉了旧楼。)
固定搭配
1. take a break(休息)
2. take a chance(冒险)
3. take a look(看一眼)
4. take a shower(洗澡)
5. take a test(参加考试)
6. take care of(照顾)
7. take part in(参加)
8. take place(发生)
9. take advantage of(利用)
10. take responsibility for(对…负责)
11. take it easy(放松)
- Take it easy! Don’t stress.(放轻松!别紧张。)
12. take for granted(认为理所当然)
- Don’t take your health for granted.(别把健康当作理所当然。)
13. take turns(轮流)
- Let’s take turns driving.(我们轮流开车吧。)

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