2026年中考英语语法复习时间表达法(重难点、易错点 中考真题 强化训练)(含答案)

资源下载
  1. 二一教育资源

2026年中考英语语法复习时间表达法(重难点、易错点 中考真题 强化训练)(含答案)

资源简介

中考语法复习:时间表达法
(重难点、易错点+中考真题+强化训练)
一、时间表达法定义
时间表达法是英语中用于描述具体时间(包括点钟、日期、星期、月份、年份等)的规范表达方式,主要分为直接表达法和间接表达法(顺读法和逆读法),同时涉及日期、星期、季节等固定搭配结构,是日常交流和考试的基础语法点。
二、时间表达法重点
(一)点钟表达(核心重点)
1. 直接表达法(顺读法):
先读 “小时”,再读 “分钟”,数字直接对应英文基数词。
例:8:05 → eight o five;14:30 → fourteen thirty
2. 间接表达法(逆读法):
分钟≤30:“分钟 + past + 小时”(“过”);
例:9:15 → a quarter past nine;10:30 → half past ten
分钟>30:“(60 - 分钟) + to + (小时 + 1)”(“差”);
例:11:40 → twenty to twelve;17:50 → ten to eighteen
特殊表达:
15 分钟 = a quarter;30 分钟 = half;整点 = “小时 + o'clock”(o'clock 可省略)
(二)日期表达
1. 格式:月 + 日 + 年(美式);日 + 月 + 年(英式)
例:2025 年 9 月 21 日 → September 21st, 2025(美式);21st September, 2025(英式)
“日” 的表达:用序数词(1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th...),口语中需读出 “the + 序数词”。
(三)星期与季节
1. 星期:Monday(周一)→ Sunday(周日),首字母大写,前面常用介词 “on”;
例:on Tuesday(在周二)
2. 季节:spring(春)、summer(夏)、autumn/fall(秋)、winter(冬),首字母小写,前面常用介词 “in”;
例:in winter(在冬天)
【重点练习一】(10 题)
How do you say "9:45" in English ( )
A. nine forty-five B. a quarter past nine C. a quarter to ten D. forty-five to ten
"3:30" is ________ in indirect expression.( )
A. three thirty B. half past three C. half to four D. thirty past three
Which is the American way to write "2024 年 5 月 10 日" ( )
A. 10th May, 2024 B. May 10, 2024 C. 2024, May 10 D. May 10th, 2024
We have a test ________ Friday.(填介词)
"14:20" is ________ in direct expression.
How to say "11:15" in two ways ________________ and ________________
"6 月 1 日" is ________ in British English.(完整表达)
He was born ________ 2008.(填介词)
"7:50" is ________ in indirect expression.
Which season is it ________ December in China (填介词)
三、时间表达法难点
逆读法中 “分钟>30” 的计算:
需用 “60 - 分钟”,且 “小时” 要加 1,易忽略 “小时 + 1”;
错例:12:40 → forty to twelve
正确:twenty to one
日期中 “序数词” 的拼写与发音:
特殊序数词(1st=first, 2nd=second, 3rd=third)易混淆;
时间介词 at, in, on 的用法
这是最核心也是最容易混淆的知识点。
口诀:at 点钟,on 日子,in 月年季早晚。
at:用于具体的时刻、年龄、节日(视为一个时间点)。
例如:at 6:30, at noon, at night, at the age of 15, at Christmas
on:用于具体的某一天、某一天的上午/下午/晚上、带有Day的节日。
例如:on Monday, on October 1st, on a sunny day, on the morning of May 1st, on New Year's Day
in:用于月份、年份、季节、世纪、泛指的上/下午/晚上以及一段时间后。
例如:in May, in 2023, in summer, in the 21st century, in the morning, in two weeks (两周后)
【难点练习二:用 at, in, on 填空】
We usually have lunch ______ twelve o'clock.
My birthday is ______ July.
They will have a party ______ Saturday evening.
The story happened ______ a cold winter night.
I was born ______ 2008.
We visit our grandparents ______ Christmas Day.
I like to read ______ the evening.
The train will arrive ______ 10 minutes.
He learned to drive ______ the age of eighteen.
We often go skiing ______ winter.
时间段介词 for 与 since 的用法
这两个词常和完成时连用,区别很大。
for + 一段时间:表示动作或状态持续了“多久”,强调一个时间段。
例如:for three days, for a long time, for ten minutes
since + 一个时间点:表示动作或状态从“过去某个时间点”开始,一直持续到现在(或过去某个时间),强调起点。
例如:since last Monday, since 1999, since I was a child
【难点练习三:用 for 或 since 填空】
I have lived here ______ ten years.
She has been ill ______ last Friday.
We have been good friends ______ we were young.
He waited for you ______ two hours.
It hasn't rained ______ a month.
They have been married ______ 2010.
I've had this book ______ a week.
Nothing has changed ______ then.
The baby has been sleeping ______ three o'clock.
He has been away ______ quite some time.
【难点练习四】(8 题)
Which is wrong for "10:40" ( )
A. ten forty B. twenty to eleven C. forty past ten D. twenty to eleven
"5 月 3 日" is written as "3rd May" in British English, so "3rd" is read as ________.( )
A. three B. third C. the third D. a third
She gets up ________ 6:30 ________ the morning.(填介词)
They will travel ________ July 5th ________ 2025.(填介词)
Correct the mistake: He has class on 9 o'clock. → ________________________________________________________
Correct the mistake: We went hiking in last Saturday. → ________________________________________________________
"17:45" is ________(用逆读法表达,避免错误)
Which is right ( )
A. in 5th, March B. at Sunday C. on 2024 D. in autumn
四、时间表达法易错点
1. 易错点一:时间表达中的冠词问题
in the morning/afternoon/evening (必须加the)
at noon/night/midnight (不加the)
on Monday (泛指每周一,不加the)
on a Monday (特指某一个周一,加a)
all day, all night (不加the)
the whole day, the whole night (加the)
【易错点练习五:冠词填空】
必要时填a/an/the,不需要则填“/”
I always do my homework in ______ evening.
Birds don't sing at ______ night.
See you on ______ Friday!
The accident happened on ______ cold Monday morning.
He worked all ______ day yesterday.
We spent ______ whole afternoon cleaning the room.
2. 易错点二:美式与英式英语的日期表达差异
英式英语:日-月-年 (e.g., 5th October, 2023 → 5/10/2023)
美式英语:月-日-年 (e.g., October 5th, 2023 → 10/5/2023)
在书面表达中,建议使用 “October 5th” 或 “5th October” 以避免混淆。
【易错点练习六:日期表达转换】
将 6/7/2022 用英式英语写出来:___________________________
将 6/7/2022 用美式英语写出来:___________________________
写出 2023年12月25日 的两种完整表达方式:
___________________________ (英式)
___________________________ (美式)
易错点三:in 和 after 表示“在...之后”的区别
in + 一段时间:表示“在(一段时间)之后”,多用于将来时。
He will come back in two days. (他两天后回来。)
after + 一段时间:表示“在(一段时间)之后”,多用于过去时。
He came back after two days. (他两天后回来了。)
after + 时间点:可用于各种时态。
He will come back after 5 o'clock. (他5点后回来。)
【易错点练习七:用 in 或 after 填空】
The movie will start ______ ten minutes.
She finished her homework ______ two hours.
We'll go out for a walk ______ dinner.
I received his letter ______ a week.
The new term begins ______ September.
五、近 3 年真题训练(10 题)
(2024 北京)— What time is it now
— It's ________. We need to hurry for the train.( )
A. a quarter to ten B. ten a quarter C. quarter past ten D. ten past quarter
(2023 上海)Our school sports meeting will be held ________ October 15th, 2023.( )
A. in B. on C. at D. for
(2025 广东)— When were you born
— I was born ________ 2010, and my birthday is ________ June 2nd.( )
A. in; in B. on; on C. in; on D. on; in
(2024 江苏)Which of the following is the correct way to say "7:15" ( )
A. seven fifteen B. fifteen past seven C. a quarter past seven D. all of the above
(2023 浙江)— What day is it today
— It's ________. Tomorrow is Saturday.( )
A. Monday B. Friday C. Sunday D. Tuesday
(2025 山东)The film will start at ________(7:40). Please be on time.(根据中文提示填空)
(2024 四川)Correct the underlined mistake: We usually go swimming in summer vacation on July. → ________
(2023 湖北)— How do you write "2023 年 12 月 3 日" in British English
— It's ________.( )
A. December 3, 2023 B. 3 December, 2023 C. 3rd December, 2023 D. December 3rd, 2023
(2025 河南)My parents will come back from Beijing ________(下周一).(根据中文提示填空,用介词 + 星期表达)
(2024 陕西)Which is wrong ( )
A. at 8:30 a.m. B. on Sunday morning C. in 2024 D. on 9 month
六、强化训练(满分 100 分)
(一)单项选择题(每题 3 分,共 30 分)
"11:50" is ________ in English.( )
A. eleven fifty B. ten to twelve C. fifty past eleven D. A and B
We will have a picnic ________ next Sunday.( )
A. in B. on C. at D. /
Which is the correct British date for "2025 年 3 月 8 日" ( )
A. March 8, 2025 B. 8th March, 2025 C. 8 March 2025 D. March 8th, 2025
"Half past six" means ________.( )
A. 6:00 B. 6:30 C. 5:30 D. 6:15
He usually goes to bed ________ 10:00 ________ night.( )
A. at; in B. on; at C. at; at D. in; at
Which is wrong ( )
A. a quarter past three B. half to four C. twenty to five D. ten past two
"2008 年 8 月 8 日" is written as ________ in American English.( )
A. August 8, 2008 B. 8th August, 2008 C. 8 August, 2008 D. August 8th 2008
— What season is it ________ November in your city
— It's winter.( )
A. in B. on C. at D. for
"9:00 a.m." is ________ in oral English.( )
A. nine o'clock in the morning B. nine a.m. C. nine in the morning D. all of the above
Correct the mistake: She was born on 1998.( )
A. in 1998 B. at 1998 C. in the 1998 D. on 1998 year
(二)填空题(每空 2 分,共 30 分)
"6:15" can be said as "a quarter ________ six"(填介词).
My favorite season is ________(秋天), because I like flying kites.
The concert will begin ________ 7:30 p.m. ________ September 10th.(填介词)
"15:40" is "twenty ________ four" in indirect expression(填介词).
"2024 年 2 月 29 日" is written as "February 29, 2024" in American English, and "29th February, 2024" in ________ English.
We don't go to school ________(周六)and Sunday.
"8:50" is "ten ________ nine"(填介词).
He will finish his homework ________(在今晚)at 9:00.
"3 月 12 日" is Tree Planting Day in China. It's "March 12th" in American English and "________ March" in British English.
They will visit the Great Wall ________(在明年).
"12:30 p.m." is "half past twelve ________"(填时间名词).
"4:00" is "four ________"(填单词,表整点).
We have a math class ________ 10:10 a.m.(填介词).
"2025 年" is read as "the year ________"(填数字英文).
"Monday" is the ________ day of a week in Western countries.(填序数词)
(三)句型转换与改错(每题 4 分,共 20 分)
It's 10:20 now.(对划线部分提问)
Correct the mistake: We will meet at 3:00 o'clock in the afternoon.
He was born on July 5, 2012.(改为英式日期表达)
Correct the mistake: The party is in Saturday evening.
It's half past nine.(改为同义句,用直接表达法)
(四)翻译题(每题 5 分,共 20 分)
现在是下午 3 点 45 分,我们该去图书馆了。
他们将在 2025 年 10 月 1 日举办一场音乐会。
我最喜欢的季节是春天,因为天气很暖和。
— 今天是星期几?— 今天是星期三,明天是星期四。
所有练习答案与解析
【重点练习一】
C(解析:9:45 用逆读法是 “差 15 分 10 点”,即 a quarter to ten;A 是顺读法,但选项中 C 更符合 “间接表达” 的考点,题目未限定 “顺读”,但 C 是逆读的正确形式,A 虽正确,但结合选项设置,C 为最佳答案)
B(解析:3:30 用逆读法只能是 half past three,A 是顺读法,C 和 D 搭配错误)
B(解析:美式日期是 “月 + 日,年”,日可省略序数词后缀,D 是美式但加了序数词后缀,也正确,但 B 更简洁,为常见美式写法)
on(解析:星期前用介词 on)
fourteen twenty(解析:14:20 顺读法直接读 “14 点 20 分”)
eleven fifteen;a quarter past eleven(解析:11:15 的两种表达:顺读法和逆读法)
1st June(解析:英式日期 “日 + 月”,日用序数词)
in(解析:年份前用介词 in)
ten to eight(解析:7:50 用逆读法是 “差 10 分 8 点”)
in(解析:月份前用介词 in)
【难点练习二答案:用 at, in, on 填空】
at (具体时刻)
in (月份)
on (具体某天的晚上)
on (具体某天的晚上)
in (年份)
on (带有Day的节日)
in (泛指晚上)
in (“在10分钟后”,将来时)
at (at the age of... 固定搭配)
in (季节)
【难点练习三:用 for 或 since 填空】
for (十年是一段时间)
since (上周五是一个时间点)
since (我们年轻的时候是一个时间点)
for (两小时是一段时间)
for (一个月是一段时间)
since (2010年是一个时间点)
for (一周是一段时间)
since (那时是一个时间点)
since (三点钟是一个时间点)
for (相当长的一段时间)
【难点练习四】
1. 答案: C
解析: 逆读法中,分钟数大于30时要用`to`(差...到...),不能用`past`(...过...)。10:40是"twenty to eleven",而不是"forty past ten"。
2. 答案: B
解析: "3rd" 是序数词 "third" 的缩写形式,读作/θ rd/,前面不需要加冠词。
3. 答案: at; in
解析: 具体钟点前用介词`at`;泛指"在早上"用固定短语`in the morning`。
4. 答案: on; in
解析: 具体某一天(July 5th)前用`on`;年份前用`in`。
5. 答案: He has class at 9 o'clock.
解析: 在具体钟点前要用介词`at`,而不是`on`。
6. 答案: We went hiking last Saturday.
解析: 在`last`, `next`, `this`等词引导的时间状语前,不需要加任何介词。
7. 答案: a quarter to eighteen 或 fifteen to six (p.m.)
解析: 17:45是差15分钟到18点。"一刻钟"用`a quarter`。用24小时制或12小时制表达均可。
8. 答案: D
解析:
A错误:日期表达应为"on March 5th",且介词用`on`。
B错误:星期前介词用`on`(on Sunday)。
C错误:年份前介词用`in`(in 2024)。
D正确:季节前使用介词`in`(in autumn)。
【易错点练习五:冠词填空】
the (in the evening 固定搭配)
/ (at night 固定搭配,无冠词)
/ (泛指周五,无冠词)
a (特指某一个寒冷的周一早上)
/ (all day 固定搭配,无冠词)
the (the whole afternoon 固定搭配)
【易错点练习六:日期表达转换】
the seventh of June, twenty twenty-two
June seventh, twenty twenty-two
the twenty-fifth of December, twenty twenty-three (英式) / December twenty-fifth, twenty twenty-three (美式)
【易错点练习七:用 in 或 after 填空】
in (电影将在10分钟后开始,将来时)
after (她两小时后完成了作业,过去时)
after (after + 时间点dinner,将来时也可用)
after (我一星期后收到了信,过去时)
in (新学期在九月份开始,in + 月份)
近 3 年真题训练答案与解析
A(解析:B 选项 “ten a quarter” 表达错误;C 选项 “quarter past ten” 缺少 a;D 选项 “ten past quarter” 顺序错误;A 选项 “a quarter to ten”(9:45)正确)
B(解析:具体日期 “October 15th, 2023” 前用介词 on,in 用于月份 / 年份,at 用于点钟,for 表持续时间,故选 B)
C(解析:年份 “2010” 前用 in,具体日期 “June 2nd” 前用 on,故选 C)
D(解析:“7:15” 的顺读法是 A,逆读法是 B(fifteen past seven)和 C(a quarter past seven),三者均正确,故选 D)
B(解析:由 “Tomorrow is Saturday” 可知今天是周五,即 Friday,故选 B)
twenty to eight /seven forty(解析:7:40 的逆读法是 “twenty to eight”,顺读法是 “seven forty”,两者均可)
We usually go swimming in summer vacation in July.(解析:月份 “July” 前用介词 in,不能用 on)
C(解析:英式日期是 “日 + 月 + 年”,“日” 用序数词,即 “3rd December, 2023”,A、D 是美式,B 漏序数词后缀,故选 C)
on next Monday(解析:“下周一” 是 “next Monday”,前面用介词 on,故填 “on next Monday”)
D(解析:A 选项 “at 8:30 a.m.”(具体点钟)正确;B 选项 “on Sunday morning”(具体某天上午)正确;C 选项 “in 2024”(年份)正确;D 选项 “9 month” 表达错误,应为 “September” 或 “the 9th month”,且月份前用 in,故选 D)
强化训练答案与解析
(一)单项选择题
D(解析:“11:50” 的顺读法是 A(eleven fifty),逆读法是 B(ten to twelve),C 选项 “fifty past eleven” 错误(分钟>30 不能用 past),故选 D)
D(解析:“next Sunday” 前无需加介词,直接用 “next + 星期”,故选 D)
B(解析:英式日期是 “日 + 月 + 年”,“日” 用序数词,即 “8th March, 2025”,A、D 是美式,C 漏序数词后缀,故选 B)
B(解析:“Half past six” 表示 “6 点半”,即 6:30,故选 B)
C(解析:具体点钟 “10:00” 前用 at,“at night” 是固定搭配(在晚上),故选 C)
B(解析:“half to four” 搭配错误,“半小时” 只能用 “half past + 小时”,A、C、D 均正确,故选 B)
A(解析:美式日期是 “月 + 日,年”,“日” 可省略序数词后缀,B、C 是英式,D 漏逗号,故选 A)
A(解析:月份 “November” 前用介词 in,on 用于日期,at 用于点钟,for 表持续时间,故选 A)
D(解析:“9:00 a.m.” 的口语表达中,A(完整表达)、B(缩写)、C(简化表达)均正确,故选 D)
A(解析:年份 “1998” 前用介词 in,B 用 at 错误,C 多 the,D 用 on 且加 year 错误,故选 A)
(二)填空题
past(解析:6:15 是 “6 点过 15 分”,用 “a quarter past six”)
autumn /fall(解析:“秋天” 的英文是 autumn(英式)或 fall(美式),两者均可)
at; on(解析:具体点钟 “7:30 p.m.” 前用 at,具体日期 “September 10th” 前用 on)
to(解析:15:40 是 “差 20 分 4 点”,用 “twenty to four”)
British(解析:“29th February, 2024” 是英式日期表达,对应 “British English”)
Saturday(解析:“周六” 的英文是 Saturday,首字母大写)
to(解析:8:50 是 “差 10 分 9 点”,用 “ten to nine”)
tonight(解析:“在今晚” 的英文是 tonight,前面无需加介词)
12th(解析:英式日期中 “3 月 12 日” 是 “12th March”,“日” 用序数词)
next year(解析:“在明年” 的英文是 “next year”,前面无需加介词)
p.m./in the afternoon(解析:“12:30 p.m.” 是 “下午 12 点半”,可填 “p.m.” 或 “in the afternoon”)
o'clock(解析:“4:00” 是整点,用 “four o'clock”)
at(解析:具体点钟 “10:10 a.m.” 前用介词 at)
two thousand and twenty-five(解析:“2025 年” 的英文读法是 “two thousand and twenty-five”)
second(解析:在西方国家,一周的第一天是周日(Sunday),故周一(Monday)是第二天,用序数词 second)
(三)句型转换与改错
What time is it now (解析:对 “10:20”(具体时间)提问,用 “What time”,句型为 “What time is it... ”)
We will meet at 3 o'clock in the afternoon. / We will meet at 3:00 in the afternoon.(解析:“3:00 o'clock” 重复,整点表达中 “00” 和 “o'clock” 二选一即可)
He was born on 5th July, 2012.(解析:英式日期是 “日 + 月 + 年”,将美式 “July 5, 2012” 改为 “5th July, 2012”,“日” 加序数词后缀)
The party is on Saturday evening.(解析:“Saturday evening” 是 “具体某天晚上”,前用介词 on,不能用 in)
It's nine thirty.(解析:“half past nine”(9:30)的顺读法是 “nine thirty”)
(四)翻译题
It's a quarter to four in the afternoon. We should go to the library.(解析:“下午 3 点 45 分” 是 “a quarter to four in the afternoon”;“该去图书馆了” 是 “should go to the library”)
They will hold a concert on October 1st, 2025.(解析:“举办音乐会” 是 “hold a concert”;“2025 年 10 月 1 日” 是 “October 1st, 2025”,前用 on)
My favorite season is spring, because the weather is very warm.(解析:“最喜欢的季节” 是 “favorite season”;“春天” 是 spring;“暖和” 是 warm)
— What day is it today — It's Wednesday. Tomorrow is Thursday.(解析:“今天是星期几” 用 “What day is it today ”;“星期三” 是 Wednesday,“星期四” 是 Thursday,首字母均大写)

展开更多......

收起↑

资源预览