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(共68张PPT)
六年级下学期期末考点串讲
Unit 4-Unit 7
鲁教版五四制
2024
重点词汇短语讲解
Unit 4 No Rules, No Order
1. This morning I had to tell some students to follow the school rules.
follow
v. 遵循；跟随
follow one’s advice 听从某人的建议
follow the rule 遵守规则
follow v. 理解；领会
e.g. I’m sorry. I can’t follow you.
（2）rule做动词，译为“控制，统治，支配。”
例：He continued to rule the country.
rule的用法：
（1）rule在这里是可数名词，译为”规则，规章”
常用短语：
break a rule . follow the rules .
traffic rules .
例：No matter what you do ,you must follow the rules.
破例
遵守规则
交通规则
order用法
（1）作名词时表秩序，订单，命令
（2）作动词时表命令，要求，点菜，order sb to do sth
例：She orders him to clean the room.
常用短语:in order to do =so as to do 译为“为了去做......”
例：A laboratory must be kept in good order.
2. Arrive on time.
arrive
v. 到达
为不及物动词
arrive in+大地点
arrive at+小地点
e.g. They arrived in Beijing last night.
注意：如果后接地点副词here,there,home等时，中间不接介词。
arrive/get to/reach
词汇 用法 举例
arrive 不及物动词，常接介词in/at She will arrive in Beijing tomorrow.
get to get为不及物动词,to是介词，后接地点名词。接地点副词时需省略to I often get to school at 7：50.
reach 及物动词，后接地点名词。 I reached Shanghai yesterday.
3. Be polite and treat everyone with respect.
treat
v. 对待；看待
treat sb. as/like... 把某人当作……对待
e.g. Don’t treat me like a child.
treat sb. with... 用……对待某人
e.g. We should treat everyone with respect.
v. 治疗；医治
treat sb. for ... 治疗某人的某种疾病
e.g. The doctor treated him for a heart disease.
v. 招待；请客；款待
treat sb. to ... 请某人吃/喝/享用……
e.g. He treated his friends to a big dinner.
4. Here, I can lend you my pen.
lend
v. 借给；借出
lend sth. to sb. /lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
e.g. I can lend my bike to you.
borrow
v. 借来
borrow sth. from ...
e.g. She borrows books from the school library.
5. We have to turn them off and keep them in our lockers.
turn off 关掉（水、电或煤气、电器……）（）
e.g. Remember to turn off the computer before you leave.
turn on 打开
e.g. Please turn on the light. It's too dark in here.
turn up 调高（音量、温度等）
e.g. Could you turn up the TV I can't hear it clearly.
turn down 调低/拒绝
e.g. Please turn down the music. It's too nosiy.
6. Can I leave the classroom if I don't feel well
leave
v. 离开
e.g. They leave the office at five o’clock.
leave for 动身去（某地）；前往
e.g. We’re leaving for Paris tomorrow morning.
v. 留下；剩下
e.g. Leave your keys on the table.
7. I mustn’t use my phone in class either.
either
adv. 也（用于否定词组），多用于句末
e.g. I don't like coffee and I don't like tea either.
He can't swim and I can't either.
区别于too / also
too 表示“也”，一般用于肯定句或疑问句末，常用逗号与前面
的句子隔开。
e.g. I like pears. She likes pears, too.
Do you like running, too
also 表示“也”，通常用于肯定句中，位于实义动词之前，be 动
词、助动词或情态动词之后。
e.g. He can speak English. I can also speak English.
8.advice
n. 建议；意见 。 是不可数名词
a piece of advice 一条建议
常见搭配：
give advice 给予建议
take/follow one's advice 接受某人的建议
ask for advice 征求建议
Unit 5 Keep Fit
1. hardly ever 几乎从不
(1)hardly ever意为“几乎从不”,表示频率。ever起强调作用。
She hardly ever goes out at night.
她几乎晚上从不出去。
(2)hardly作副词,意为“几乎不;几乎没有”,其本身具有否定意义,相当于 almost not。通常位于be动
词、助动词或情态动词之后,实义动词之前;常用来修饰can,could等表示能力的词,表示事实上不可能。
He can hardly speak English. 他几乎不会说英语。
hardly与hard
hardly 副词 意为“几乎不”,本身含有否定意义,不能再
与其他表示否定的词连用
hard 副词 意为“努力地;艰难地;费力地;猛烈地”
形容词 意为“努力的;困难的;坚硬的”
2.twice /twa s/ adv. 两次;两倍
(1)作副词,此处意为“两次”。twice a week/month/year意为“一周/月/年两次”,表示频率。
You should visit your dentist at least twice a year.
你应该每年至少去看两次牙科医生。
(2)作副词,意为“两倍”。
The new office space is twice the size of the old one, making it much more comfortable.
新的办公空间是旧的两倍大,让人感到更加舒适。
3.how often多久一次
(1)how often意为“多久一次”,多用于询问事情发生的频率。常用于对表示频度的词或短语提问。
(2)常见的表频度的副词或短语有:always, usually, often,sometimes, hardly ever, never, once a week, three times a day/ month 等。
How often does the bus to downtown run
到市中心的公共汽车多久来一班
由how构成的其他疑问词组
短语 含义 用法
how long 多长 提问动作持续的时间
提问长度
how soon 多久以后 提问动作发生的时间
how far 多远 提问距离
how many 多少 提问可数名词的数量
how much 多少 提问不可数名词的数量
提问价格
4.a few 少数;几个
a few的意思是“少数的……,几个……,一些……”。用于修饰可数名词的复数形式,表示“几个”或“一些”,带有肯定意味,强调虽然数量不多,但确实存在。
She has a few good friends here.
她在这里有几个好朋友。
a little/little/a few/few辨析
a little 表示肯定含义,意为“一点儿;少量” 修饰不可数名词
little 表示否定含义,意为“几乎没有” a few 表示肯定含义,意为“少量,几个” 修饰可数名词复数
few 表示否定含义,意为“几乎没有”
5.encourage / n k r d / v. 鼓励;激励
encourage的用法如下:
6.succeed /s k si d/ v. 成功;达到目标
succeed用作不及物动词,意为“成功”,常见搭配为:succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”。
succeed,success,successful,successfully
词汇 词性 意义
succeed 动词 成功;达到目标
success 名词 成功
successful 形容词 成功的
successfully 副词 成功地
7.work out锻炼;健身
work out作“锻炼;健身”讲,通常是指进行体育活动或锻炼身体以保持健康的过程。
The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning.
这位著名的演员通过每天早晨锻炼一小时来保持健康。
work out的其他用法:
(1)作“解决问题”讲,相当于solve。
(2)作“计算出”讲,尤指答案、数量、价格、价值等。
(3)表示“拟出(计划、安排、措施等);研究出,考虑好,想出(办法)等”。
Unit 6 Eat Well
1.句式复习
(1)你早餐经常吃什么
What do you usually have for breakfast
(2)玩游戏或看电影怎么样
What about playing a game or watching a movie
(3)你想吃些什么
What would you like to order/eat
(4)你们有加豆腐的东西吗
Do you have anything with tofu
(5)你喜欢什么汤,鸡汤还是鱼汤
Which soup would you like, chicken or fish
(6)这是(您的)菜单。
Here is a menu for you.
2.would like愿意；喜欢
would like意为“想要;愿意”,相当于want,但语气更加委婉,表示意愿、要求、希望或询问等。would like中的would是情态动词,没有人称和数的变化,常以“d”形式与主语缩写。would like的常见句式如下:
(1)Would you like sth. 意为“你想要某物吗 ”,该句型常用于征求对方的意见。肯定回答常用Yes,please.;而否定回答常用No,thanks.;在该句型中表示“一些”要用some,而不用any,以表示说话人希望得到肯定回答。
—Would you like some coffee with milk
你要来点加牛奶的咖啡吗
—Yes,please.是的,我想要。/No, thanks.不,谢谢。
(2)Would you like to do sth. 意为“你愿意做某事吗 ”,该句型表示向对方有礼貌地提出建议或发出邀请。肯定回答为“Yes,I’d like/love to,”;否定回答为“I’m afraid not, I have to...”或“I’d like/love to,but...”。
—Would you like to play soccer with us
你想要和我们一起踢足球吗
—Yes, I’d like/love to.是的,我非常愿意。/I’d like / love to, but I’m too busy.我非常愿意,但我太忙了。
【注】would like sb.to do sth.想让某人做某事
I would like you to come to my birthday party.
我想让你来参加我的生日聚会。
3What about... ……怎么样
“What about... ”相当于“How about... ”意为“……怎么样 ”,其中about为介词,其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
用法 例句
询问对方的看法或意见 What about this movie 这部电影怎么样
向对方提出请求或建议 What about a cup of coffee 来杯咖啡怎么样
对所谈话题进行反问,或询问对方 相同的情况 I am fine.What about you 我很好。你呢
4.(be) full of充满了
be full of...意为“满是……,充满……”,of后接名词,其同义词组为be filled with。此处形容词full意为“满的”,其反义词为empty,意为“空的”。
The classroom was full of students.
教室里挤满了学生。
The bottle is filled with water.瓶子里装满了水。
【注】
full用作形容词时,还可意为“饱的”。
—Would you like some more rice
你想要再来点米饭吗
—No, thanks.I’m full.
不了,谢谢。我饱了。
5.anything / eniθ / pron. 任何事物;某事物
(1)anything是不定代词,表示“某物”“某东西”时,主要用于否定句、疑问句及条件句中,用以代替something;表示“任何事”“任何东西”时,主要用于肯定句。
We can’t believe anything he says。
我们不能相信他说的任何东西。
I want something to eat, and anything will do.
我想弄点东西吃,什么都行。
(2)anything作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Anything is better than nothing, isn’t it
有点总比什么都没有要好,不是吗
(3)形容词作定语修饰anything时,形容词应置于其后。
Did you hear anything interesting there
你在那儿听到什么有趣的事了吗
6.句式复习2
(1)健康的饮食对健康的身心很重要。
Healthy eating is important for a healthy body and mind.
(2)频繁地吃像比萨和汉堡之类的快餐以后可能会导致心脏病。
Eating fast food like pizza and hamburgers too often may cause heart problems later.
(3)也许他们在早上感觉不饿,或者他们太忙了没时间吃东西。
Maybe they don’t feel hungry in the morning, or they are too busy to eat anything.
(4)如果我们不吃早餐的话,很容易感到疲倦并会发现很难集中精力于我们的工作或学习。
It is easy to feel sleepy and find it hard to focus on our work or studies if we don’t eat breakfast.
(5)当你想吃零食的时候,你为什么不吃点水果呢
When you want a snack, why don’t you have some fruit instead
7.put on增加
(1)put on作“增加(体重);发胖”讲,后跟增加的重量。
(2)put on作“穿上”讲,后跟表示衣物的名词,其反义词是take off,是“动词 + 副词”结构的短语,若其宾语是名词时可放在put与on的中间,也可放于on之后;若其宾语是代词时,应放在put与on之间。
(3)此外,put on还可以作“上映;上演”。
I’ve put on five pounds!
我胖了五磅!
You’d better put on more clothes; it’s too cold today.
你最好多穿衣服,今天太冷了。
The company put on a play called Hamlet.
这家公司上演了《哈姆雷特》。
put构成的常见短语
8.too...to...太……以至于不能
(1)too...to...意为“太……以至于不能”,表达否定意义。too 后面接形容词或副词原形,to后接动词原形构成动词不定式。
(2)若表示“对某人来说太……以至于不能”,则用 too...for sb.to...。
The ice is too thin to bear your weight.
冰太薄了,承受不了你的重量。
The road is too narrow for cars to pass.
这条路对汽车来说太窄了,无法通过。
【注】
(1)too...to...结构与not...enough to...结构的转换:enough前面的形容词或副词与too后面的形容词或副词构成反义词。
(2)too...to...结构与so...that...结构的转换:so...that...结构中,so后面接形容词或副词,that 后面接从句且用否定形式。
John is too young to go to school.
=John is not old enough to go to school.
约翰太小而不能上学。
Jack was too excited to fall asleep.
=Jack was so excited that he couldn’t fall asleep.
杰克如此兴奋以至于无法入睡。
9.Why don’t you... 你为何不……
(1)Why don’t you do sth.... 是常见的提建议的句型,意为“你为什么不做某事呢 ”,与Why not do sth. 同义。
(2)该句型还有发出礼貌地邀请的用法。
—Why don’t you talk to your parents
你为什么不与你的父母谈谈
—Good idea!
好主意!
—Why don’t you go to the movies with us this afternoon
今天下午你为什么不和我们一起去看电影呢
—I’d like to, but I have to go to the dentist.
我想去,但是我得去看牙医。
常用来表示建议的句型:
What/How about watching TV 看电视怎么样
Shall we go for a picnic this weekend
我们这周末去野餐好吗
You’d better not stay up late.你最好不要熬夜。
Why don’t you join the English club
为何不加入英语俱乐部呢
Let’s eat some fruit.我们来吃点水果吧。
Would you mind opening the window
你介意打开窗户吗
10.focus on集中注意力于,专注于
(1)focus on表示集中注意力、专注于某件事情。focus on后面可以跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式,表示将注意力集中在某个对象或任务上。
We need to focus on finding a solution to this problem.我们需要专注于找到解决这个问题的办法。
(2)focus on表示强调、着重。focus on也可以用于强调某个观点或事实,通常用于比较正式的语境中。
The article focuses on the importance of healthy eating for children.
文章着重强调健康饮食对孩子的重要性。
(3)focus on也可以用于表示目光聚焦在某个对象上,通常用于描述目光专注地看着某人或某物。
She focused her camera on the beautiful landscape.她把相机对准了美丽的风景。
Unit 7 Going Shopping
1.proper adj.正确的；合适的；合理的；n.特定季节（或节日）的礼仪
2.tie v.（用线、绳索等）系，扎，捆；n.领带；（绑扎东西用的）带子；纽带；束缚；平局
初中英语单词proper的用法举例
3.size n.大小，尺寸
4.pay v.支付；偿还；n.工资，薪水；付款
5.product n.产品，制品
6.right away立刻
7.convenient adj.方便的，便利的
8.on sale出售
感 谢 聆 听
鲁教版五四制
2024

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