鲁教版(2024)七年级上册英语Unit 3 A day to remember Section A (Grammar Focus) 导学案(含答案)

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鲁教版(2024)七年级上册英语Unit 3 A day to remember Section A (Grammar Focus) 导学案(含答案)

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Unit 3 A day to remember
Section A (Grammar Focus) 导学案
班级:__________ 姓名:__________
一、学习目标
通过本节课的学习,学生能够达成以下目标:
学习理解层面:通过观察、分析示例句子,深度理解并准确区分一般过去时的表达意义与适用场景,明确其用于描述过去发生的动作或存在的状态;能梳理出一般过去时中动词(be 动词与实义动词)的过去式变化规律,以及常用的时间标志词。
应用实践层面:熟练掌握一般过去时的基本结构(肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句),能结合语境正确运用 be 动词(was/were)和实义动词(规则与不规则)的过去式完成句子填空、连词成句等练习;能在短文阅读中准确识别并运用一般过去时,补全文本信息。
迁移创新层面:以 “分享昨日日常” 为情景,小组内用一般过去时交流各自昨天的活动(如起床时间、学习内容、休闲安排等),整理关键信息后在班级汇报展示,提升语言运用能力与合作交流能力。
二、学习重难点
(一)重点
掌握 be 动词的过去式变化:单数主语(I/he/she/it)后用 “was”,复数主语(we/you/they)后用 “were”,并能正确运用到句子中。
理解实义动词过去式的两类变化:规则变化(如直接加 - ed、结尾 e 加 - d 等)与不规则变化(如 do→did、go→went),能准确写出常见动词的过去式。
明确一般过去时的基本结构(肯定句:主语 + 过去式 + 其他;否定句:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 /wasn’t/weren’t;一般疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?/Was/Were + 主语 + 其他?)及常用时间标志词(如 yesterday、last week、three days ago 等)。
(二)难点
准确记忆并灵活运用实义动词的不规则过去式(如 eat→ate、take→took),避免混淆易混动词(如 sit→sat 与 set→set)。
在具体语境中判断动作是否发生在过去,正确选择一般过去时,避免与一般现在时(描述习惯性动作)等时态混淆。
三、课前预习
完成下列练习,为课堂学习做准备:
根据音标和中文提示,写出对应的单词:
① [ bs nt](形容词)“缺席的”——__________
② [f ɡet](动词)“忘记”——(写出原形)
③ [b t](动词)“买”——(写出过去式)
④ [st pt](动词)“停止”——__________(写出原形)
补全下列动词的过去式:
① like → __________ ② play → __________ ③ study → __________
④ stop → __________ ⑤ carry → __________ ⑥ cry → __________
翻译下列短语(提示:部分短语需用过去式相关表达):
① 熬夜 ——__________ ② 缺席会议 ——__________
③ 昨天早上 ——__________ ④ 上周参观农场 ——__________
四、课堂探究
(一)情景导入
观察课本中 “昨日活动” 主题的图片,对比以下两组句子:
A. He plays basketball every afternoon.
B. He played basketball yesterday afternoon.
思考:哪组句子描述的是过去发生的动作?你是通过什么判断的?
学唱歌曲《Yesterday Once More》的片段,补全歌词(填写动词的过去式):
“When I _______ (be) young, I'd listen to the radio. Waiting for my favorite songs. When they _______ (play), I'd sing along. It _______ (make) me smile. Those _______ (be) such happy times...”
完成后小组讨论:歌词中填写的动词形式是什么?为什么要用这种形式?它们的原形分别是什么?
(二)学习理解
小组合作讨论:一般过去时中,动词需要使用什么形式来体现 “过去” 含义?这种形式主要分为哪两类?(提示:结合预习中的动词变化思考)
be 动词的过去式学习:
① 自主梳理:单数主语(如 I, he, she, Tom)后用_______,复数主语(如 we, they, my parents)和第二人称(you)后用_______。
② 完成练习(用 was 或 were 填空):
(1)She _______ ill and didn’t go to school yesterday.
(2)_______ your brother at home last night
(3)They _______ in Shanghai last month, but now they _______ in Beijing.(提示:第二空用现在时)
实义动词的规则变化:
① 结合示例总结规则(填写下表空白处):
变化规则 示例 补充示例
一般情况:直接加 - ed play → played walk → __________
以不发音的 e 结尾:加 - d like → liked hope → __________
辅 y 结尾:变 y 为 i 加 - ed study → studied carry → __________
重读闭音节(辅元辅):双写尾字母加 - ed stop → stopped plan → __________
② 口诀记忆(调整表述):“动词过去式有规律,一般直接加 - ed;e 结尾更简单,只需要把 - d 添;辅 y 结尾先变 i,再加 - ed 没问题;重读闭音节要注意,双写尾字母再加 - ed”。
实义动词的不规则变化:
① 列举常见不规则动词(原形与过去式配对):
do → did go → went eat → ate take → took have → had
② 小组竞赛:快速说出下列动词的过去式(如老师说 “write”,学生答 “wrote”),巩固记忆。
一般过去时的核心知识梳理:
① 概念:表示____________________或____________________,常与过去时间标志词连用。
② 常见时间标志词:yesterday(昨天)、last week(上周)、three days ago(三天前)、in 2023(在 2023 年)、this morning(今天早上,已过去时)等。
③ 基本结构:
肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他(如:She watched TV last night.)
否定句:主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他(实义动词);主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他(be 动词)(如:He didn’t finish his homework. / They weren’t late.)
一般疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?(实义动词);Was/Were + 主语 + 其他?(be 动词)(如:Did you go to the park / Was she happy )
(三)应用实践
连词成句(要求使用一般过去时,注意句末标点):
① she / her homework / finish / last night → ____________________
② they / a chicken farm / visit / the day before yesterday → ____________________
③ Tom / not / play / football / yesterday afternoon → ____________________
短文填空(用括号内动词的适当形式填空,注意时态):
Last Saturday, Lucy _______ (go) to her grandma’s house. She _______ (take) a bus there. When she arrived, her grandma _______ (cook) lunch. Lucy _______ (help) grandma wash vegetables. After lunch, they _______ (talk) about Lucy’s school life. Lucy _______ (have) a nice day with her grandma.
阅读课本 53 页 3a 的句子,圈出其中的动词过去式,并用波浪线标出表示过去的时间状语,小组内互相核对答案。
(四)迁移创新
小组活动:“我的昨日日常”
① 每位组员用 3-4 句话描述自己昨天的活动,必须使用一般过去时,包含至少 1 个时间标志词和 1 个实义动词(规则或不规则均可)。示例:“I got up at 7:00 yesterday morning. I ate breakfast with my family. Then I went to the library to read books.”
② 小组内轮流分享,其他组员认真倾听,若发现语法错误(如过去式错误),礼貌指出并纠正。
班级汇报:每组推选 1 名代表,汇总小组内 2-3 名组员的昨日活动,在班级展示汇报。汇报开头示例:“Li Ming got up at 7:00 yesterday. He ate breakfast and then went to the library. Wang Hong watched a movie with her friend last night...”
五、课堂练习
(一)用所给动词的适当形式填空
We _______ (live) in Guangzhou last year.
He _______ (not watch) TV last night; he _______ (read) a book.
They _______ (pick) strawberries on the farm last autumn.
My mom _______ (buy) a new dress for me yesterday.
The students _______ (be) very happy at the party last Friday.
(二)单项选择
—When _______ you _______ the new bike
—Last month.
A. do; buy B. did; buy C. will; buy
She _______ to the supermarket with her mom yesterday afternoon.
A. go B. goes C. went
—_______ he late for school this morning
—Yes, he _______.
A. Was; was B. Did; did C. Is; is
They _______ a great time at the park last Sunday.
A. have B. had C. are having
(三)句型转换(按要求改写句子)
He was absent from the meeting.(改为否定句)
They played basketball on the playground last Saturday.(改为一般疑问句)
She did her homework at home last night.(改为否定句)
六、作业
基础作业:① 完成练习册中 “一般过去时” 相关习题;② 背诵 10 个实义动词的原形与不规则过去式(如 see→saw、draw→drew、catch→caught),下次课抽查。
进阶作业:用一般过去时写 6 句话描述自己上周末的活动,要求至少包含 3 个不规则动词的过去式(如 eat→ate、take→took),语句通顺、语义完整。
拓展作业:采访 1 位家人 “上周做过的一件难忘的事”,用英语记录 2-3 个关键句子(必须使用一般过去时),下次课分享采访内容。
参考答案
一、课前预习
① absent ② forget ③ bought ④ stop
① liked ② played ③ studied ④ stopped ⑤ carried ⑥ cried
① stay up late ② be absent from the meeting ③ yesterday morning ④ visit a farm last week
二、课堂探究 —— 学习理解
① was;were ② (1)was (2)Was (3)were;are
① walked;hoped;carried;planned
① 过去某个时间发生的动作;过去一段时间内存在的状态
三、课堂探究 —— 应用实践
① She finished her homework last night. ② They visited a chicken farm the day before yesterday. ③ Tom didn’t play football yesterday afternoon.
went;took;was cooking;helped;talked;had
四、课堂练习
(一)用所给动词的适当形式填空
lived 2. didn’t watch;read 3. picked 4. bought 5. were
(二)单项选择
B 2. C 3. A 4. B
(三)句型转换
He wasn’t absent from the meeting.
Did they play basketball on the playground last Saturday
She didn’t do her homework at home last night.

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