资源简介

人与社会/自我：成功人士
星期一　阅读理解
分值：20分
(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
Born on July 1st,1948，in the small Italian city of Palmi，Roberto Crea was a genius kid.He moved to the Netherlands and majored in biological chemistry in the University of Leiden.It was this university that directed his interest in the synthesis (合成) of nucleotides，the basic units that are required to build a DNA.At that time，not many researchers studied the combination of genes (基因)，but Roberto’s strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible.
In 1977，he joined the Genentech，Inc.and the gene synthesis team at City of Hope Medical School.The company funded Dr.Crea’s on-going research on gene synthesis.After working day and night，the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes.Thanks to his rich knowledge and the joint efforts of the excellent Genentech team，he made use of this discovery to produce the human insulin (胰岛素) genes，A and B．It was his invention that allowed Genentech to be labeled as the first producer of human protein.This benefited hundreds of millions of people suffering from diabetes(糖尿病) all over the world.
Today Roberto is known as the father of synthetic insulin and almost won the Nobel Prize.His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin；in fact，he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology.His team of experts discovered Ziconotide under his teaching and guidance.According to leading scientists and researchers，this drug is more powerful and effective than morphine(吗啡)，and the best part of this is that it has zero side-effects.
Dr.Roberto Crea has a long list of creditable discoveries and researches that he has achieved in 65 years of his life.He is an inspiration for many individuals who aim to add value to humanity with the help of science.
1．What may contribute to Roberto’s invention of the human insulin
A．His good luck in his life.
B．His curiosity about his study.
C．His creative imagination.
D．His knowledge of chemistry.
2．What do the underlined words “this discovery” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. A special way of producing human protein.
B．A reliable method for curing people of diabetes.
C．A new procedure for improving the synthesis of genes.
D．A simple technique of separating human genes.
3．What do we know about Roberto in paragraph 3
A. He won a Nobel Prize.
B．He stuck to his scientific research.
C．He discovered morphine with his team.
D．He retired after making the great discovery.
4．Which of the following best describes Roberto
A．Enthusiastic and generous.
B．Courageous and calm.
C．Ambitious and patient.
D．Devoted and talented.
读写积累 1．major v．主修 adj.重要的；主要的 2．combination n．结合(体)；联合(体) 3．side-effect n．副作用 4．aim v．旨在；力求达到；瞄准 n．目标；瞄准 5．thanks to幸亏，由于 6．be known as作为……而出名 7．It was his invention that allowed Genentech to be labeled as the first producer of human protein. 句式结构：强调句。 句子翻译：正是他的发明使Genentech被贴上了第一个人类蛋白质生产商的标签。
B
Herbert George Wells was born in England in 1866.He did not come from a rich family.His parents had a small shop but it was not successful and closed when he was thirteen.He worked at different times in a clothes shop and a chemist’s.He always read a lot and later managed to get a place at a science college.After he left there he became a teacher，but he was badly hurt while playing football and this meant that he could not continue.He then worked in London，writing for newspapers and doing some teaching of small groups.None of this made him much money.
The Time Machine was his first fictional work.It appeared in weekly parts in a magazine in 1894 and as a book the following year.At the time，Wells was married to his second wife and was trying to support both her and her mother.He needed to make money，so he wrote it quite quickly.Although he was never really happy with the finished book，it was a great success and allowed him to continue as a writer.
It is not easy for us to understand how different this book was from others of the time.It is the first real science fiction book.It introduces the readers to the idea of time as the fourth dimension，with the three dimensions of space ten years before Einstein made it part of scientific thinking.Wells also describes a simple mechanical answer to the problem of time travel—a time machine.Nobody had ever described time travel in a machine before，and the words “time machine” entered the English language.
After the great success of this book，Wells wrote more science fiction.His most famous books are The Island of Dr. Moreau(1896)，The Invisible Man(1897)，The War of the Worlds(1898) and The First Men in the Moon(1901)．All of them have been filmed，some more than once.H.G.Wells died in London in 1946.
5．Why did Wells begin to write for newspapers in London
A. He wanted to make more money.
B．He was never happy with his former job.
C．He was seriously injured in sport.
D．His second wife asked him to do so.
6．Which can we learn about The Time Machine
A. It was Wells’ most famous work.
B．It first appeared as a book.
C．Wells was very satisfied with it.
D．Its success helped to support Wells’ family.
7．How different was The Time Machine from other books of the time
A. It introduced the idea of three dimensions of space.
B．It first described time travel in a machine.
C．Readers felt it easier to read and understand.
D．It was the first fiction book in the world.
8．What is the writing purpose of the passage
A. To introduce Wells’ life experiences and his works.
B．To describe the plot of The Time Machine.
C．To convince readers that Wells was a good writer.
D．To illustrate the great and famous works of Wells.
读写积累 1．weekly adj.每周的 n．周报；周刊 2．dimension n．维(构成空间的因素)；规模；方面 3．film 熟义：n.电影；胶片；电影业；新闻片　生义： v．拍摄电影；把(书)拍成影片(本文为此义) 4．convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服 5．After he left there he became a teacher，but he was badly hurt while playing football and this meant that he could not continue. 句式结构：状语从句的省略；that引导宾语从句。 句子翻译：离开那里后，他成为一名教师，但他在踢足球时受了重伤，这意味着他无法继续下去。 6．It is not easy for us to understand how different this book was from others of the time. 句式结构：It be＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth. 句子翻译：我们很难理解这本书与当时其他书有多么不同。
答案精析
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Roberto Crea博士发明合成人胰岛素的突出贡献。
1．D　[细节理解题。通过文章第一段中的“Roberto’s strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible”以及第二段第四句可知，Roberto能发明出人胰岛素是因为他拥有丰富的化学知识。故选D项。]
2．C　[词义猜测题。根据画线词上文的“...invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes.”可推知，画线词是指一种改进基因合成的新步骤。故选C项。]
3．B　[推理判断题。通过文章第三段中的“His efforts did not stop...make more contributions to the field of biotechnology.”可推知，Roberto对他的科学研究坚持不懈。故选B项。]
4．D　[推理判断题。通过文章首句可知，Roberto是个有天赋的人。再通读全文尤其是最后一段可推知，Roberto全心全意地投身于自己的研究领域之中。故选D项。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了著名作家赫伯特·乔治·威尔斯的生平，包括其人生经历、作品等。
5．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“After he left there he became a teacher，but he was badly hurt while playing football and this meant that he could not continue.He then worked in London，writing for newspapers and doing some teaching of small groups.”可知，他之所以开始为报纸撰稿是因为他在运动中受伤，所以只能放弃教师这份工作。故选C。]
6．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四、五句可知，《时间机器》虽然未能让威尔斯满意，却使他赚了钱，养活了家人。故选D。]
7．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Wells also describes a simple mechanical answer to the problem of time travel—a time machine.Nobody had ever described time travel in a machine before”可知，这本书在当时的独特之处在于首次描述了乘坐机器进行时间旅行。故选B。]
8．A　[写作意图题。通读全文尤其根据第一段内容、第二段中的“The Time Machine was his first fictional work.”以及最后一段中“After the great success of this book，Wells wrote more science fiction.”可推知，文章的目的是介绍威尔斯的人生经历以及作品。故选A。]

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