资源简介

(共51张PPT)
Unit 7 The secret of memory
主题范畴：人与自我；人与自然
主题群：生活与学习
子主题：自我认识，自我管理，自我提升；积极的学习体验，恰当的学习方法与策略，勤学善思；地球与宇宙探秘
Key question
What does it take to remember something
理解单元话题，掌握重点单词、短语、句型的用法;
通过解读文本特征（说明文），预测阅读篇章的结构和内容，掌握说明文的阅读策略与技巧；
了解提升记忆力的基本方法，培养有益身心健康的生活习惯，提高学习效率。
Learning objectives 学习目标
After learning, I will be able to:
New words and phrases
1. regularly / reɡj l li/
2. repeat /r pi t/
3. note /n t/
4. visual / v u l/
5. mentally / ment li/
6. link /l k/
7. list /l st/
adv. 有规律地 p.100
v. 重复 p.100
n. 笔记；记录 p.100
adj. 视觉的 p.100
adv. 精神上 p.101
v. 联系；相联系 p.101
n. 清单 p.101
8. especially / spe li/
9. diet / da t/
10. maintain /me n te n/
11. nut /n t/
12. relax /r l ks/
13. stressed /strest/
14. tend /tend/
adv. 尤其 p.101
n. 日常饮食 p.101
v. 维持；保持 p.101
n. 坚果 p.101
v. 放松；休息 p.101
adj. 心力交瘁的；
焦虑不安的 p.101
v. 往往会；常常就 p.101
15. normal / n ml/
16. loss /l s/
17. flash card
18. make a point of
doing something
19. last but not least
adj. 正常的 p.101
n. 丧失；损失 p.101
识字卡片 p.100
（因重要或必要）
保证做 p.101
最后但同样重要的 p.101
First thoughts
P99
How can you improve your memory
How can you test your memory
What are some effective ways to remember things
What have scientists learnt about memory
Think:
Warming up
There is a way to help you — to imagine a picture.
How do you usually memorize English words
Memory
February
star
mountain
February
baby
monkey
apple
window
soldier
computer
river
Look at the picture for several seconds, and write down as many words as you can remember.
Is it a better way to remember words
Lead-in
1. Young people usually have better memory than
old people.
2. When we make new memories, we lose old ones.
3. We can remember pictures better than words.
4. Once we learn how to ride a bike, we will never
forget how to do it.
don’t lose
How much do you know about human memory Decide whether the following sentences are T (True) or F (False).
Before you read
P100
Memory is important in our life. Have you ever found it difficult to memorize things If so, how can you help yourself remember things better Discuss in pairs.
I find it difficult to remember things when I’m sleepy and tired, or not focused.
I think we can memorize things better if we ...
核心句式
I find it difficult to remember things when I’m sleepy and tired, or not focused.
“find it +形容词 / 名词+ to do sth.”是一个常见的固定结构。其中 it 做形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的 to do sth. （不定式短语），形容词或名词做宾语补足语。意为“发现做某事是……的”。
当我困了、累了或者注意力不集中的时候，我发现很难记住事情。
Look at the list of memory tips below and discuss whether they are useful to you.
get enough sleep 有充足睡眠
exercise regularly 定期锻炼
play brain games 玩益智游戏
repeat several times 重复几次
put things into groups 把事物分组
make flash cards 制作识字卡片 take notes 记笔记
table n. 表格 chart n. 图表
organize information 整理信息
make it visual 使之形象化
visual adj. 视觉的；视力的 image n. 图像
词汇拓展：有关记忆的表达
Reading strategy 阅读策略
Identifying transition of ideas through transitional words
In expository writing, writers often use transitional words to mark the transition of ideas. Words like first, second, last but not least, etc. are used to list separate ideas of equal importance.
P101
阅读策略：通过连接词识别观点的转换
在说明文中，作者常常使用连接词来标志观点的转换。如first (首先)、second (其次)、last but not least 等词汇，可用来列举同样重要的不同观点。
让我们进入阅读一探究竟！
Your memory plays an important role in your life. It helps you remember who you are, where you live, what you have learnt and what you plan to do in the future.
So, how can you improve your memory
Read the article from a psychology magazine and find out ways to improve your memory.
While reading
P101
Ways to improve your memory
First, it is helpful to live a mentally active life. Make a point of trying new things. For example, you will exercise your brain if you learn to play a new instrument or learn a foreign language. You can also improve your memory with brain games, such as crosswords, word games and maths puzzles. Techniques like memory linking also work your brain and improve your memory. In memory linking, you make mental connections to help you remember things. For example, you can make up a story to link items in a list so that you will remember them. You will be exercising your brain as well as improving your memory!
Second, if you live a healthy life, your memory will work better. Healthy eating habits are especially important, and a healthy diet helps maintain a good memory. Research shows that eating green vegetables, nuts, berries (浆果；莓), and oily fish can improve your ability to remember things. What’s more, regular physical exercise and getting enough sleep also help improve your memory.
Last but not least, it is important to get plenty of rest. Unless you take time to relax, your brain will find it hard to remember things. Besides, if you get too stressed or worried, your memory will become less sharp.
Everyone has moments of forgetfulness and memory tends to decline with age. Therefore, it is quite normal for people to experience memory loss as they get older. However, you can maintain and even improve your memory if you exercise your brain, live a healthy life and make time to relax!
Please divide the article into three parts.
Part 1 (Paras. 1-2)
Introduction
Task 1
Part 2 (Paras. 3-5)
Body
Part 3 (Para. 6)
Conclusion
Please summarize the main idea of Part 1.
Task 2
Your memory plays an important role in your life. It helps you remember who you are, where you live, what you have learnt and what you plan to do in the future.
So, how can you improve your memory
Emphasize the importance of memory and raise questions.
说明文的行文特点：首先明确即将说明的事物，设问是引出说明对象最常见的方法之一。
Please summarize the main idea of Part 2.
Task 3
List specific (具体的) methods to improve memory.
① live a mentally active life (trying new things, brain games, techniques)
② live a healthy life (healthy eating habits, regular physical exercise, enough sleep)
③ get plenty of rest
说明方法：举例子。
Please summarize the main idea of Part 3.
Task 4
Everyone has moments of forgetfulness and memory tends to decline with age. Therefore, it is quite normal for people to experience memory loss as they get older. However, you can maintain and even improve your memory if you exercise your brain, live a healthy life and make time to relax!
Come to a conclusion: you can ... if you ...!
由上我们可知本文的结构类型：总——分——总。
说明事物：________________________________________
说明方法：________________________________________
主要时态：________________________________________
Task 5
Now let’s fill in the blanks.
提高记忆力的方法
举例子 (First, Second, Last but not least)
一般现在时
英语说明文（Exposition）是说明客观事物的特点和性质，阐明事物发生和发展过程的一种文章体裁。说明文通常遵照一定的逻辑顺序，如时间顺序、空间顺序、主次顺序等来解说事物或事理，给人以知识和信息。该文体语言简练明了，时态多用一般现在时，内容条理清晰。
Complete the notes below with the information from the article on page 101.
Reading comprehension
P102
live a mentally active life
Play brain games
Use techniques like memory linking.
live a healthy life
a healthy diet
Do regular physical exercise
Get enough sleep
get plenty of rest
Don’t get too stressed or worried
(1) What can you do to exercise your brain
__________________________________________________
(2) What will happen to your memory if you get too stressed
or worried
__________________________________________________
(3) Which sentence in the article summarizes the main idea
__________________________________________________
Read the article again and answer the questions below.
I can learn to play a new instrument or learn a foreign language.
My memory will become less sharp.
You can maintain and even improve your memory if you exercise your brain, live a healthy life and make time to relax!
Discuss the questions below.
After reading
P102
What can you do to improve your memory
The writer says, “Everyone has moments of forgetfulness and memory tends to decline with age.” Do you think it is true Why or why not Find examples to support your view.
2. Use flashcards (抽认卡).
3. Write down some things.
1. Use memory tree.
4. Associate what you’re trying to learn with
what you already know.
5. ...
What can you do to improve your memory
Express and share your own ideas!
记忆，就是过去的经验在人脑中的反映。它包括识记、保持、再现、回忆四个基本过程。其形式有形象记忆、概念记忆、逻辑记忆、情绪记忆、运动记忆等。
记忆的大敌是遗忘。提高记忆力，实际就是尽量避免和克服遗忘。在学习活动中只要进行有意识的锻炼，掌握记忆规律和方法，就能改善和提高记忆力。下面介绍增强记忆的十种方法。
注意集中。记忆时只要聚精会神、专心致志，排除杂念和外界干扰，大脑皮层就会留下深刻的记忆痕迹而不易遗忘。如果精神涣散，一心二用，就会大大降低记忆效率。
兴趣浓厚。如果对学习材料、知识对象索然无味，即使花再多时间，也难以记住。
理解记忆。理解是记忆的基础。只有理解的东西才能记的牢、记得久。仅靠死记硬背，则不容易记住。对于重要的学习内容，如能作到理解和背诵相结合，记忆效果会更好。
4. 过度学习。即对学习材料在记住的基础上，多记几遍，达到熟记、牢记的程度。过度学习的最佳程度是150%。
及时复习。遗忘的速度是先快后慢。对刚学过的知识，趁热打铁，及时温习巩固，是强化记忆痕迹、防止遗忘的有效手段。
经常回忆。学习时，不断进行尝试回忆，可使记忆错误得到纠正，遗漏得到弥补，使学习内容难点记的更牢。闲暇时经常回忆过去识记的对象，也能避免遗忘。
读、想、视、听相结合。可以同时利用语言功能和视听觉器官的功能来强化记忆，提高记忆效率，比单一默读效果好的多。
运用多种记忆手段。根据情况，灵活运用分类记忆、特点记忆、谐音记忆、争论记忆、联想记忆、趣味记忆、图表记忆、缩短记忆及编提纲、做笔记、卡片等记忆方法，能增强记忆力。
掌握最佳记忆时间。一般来说，上午9～11时，下午3～4时，晚上7～10时，为最佳记忆时间。利用上述时间记忆难记的学习材料，效果较好。
科学用脑。在保证营养、积极休息、进行体育 锻炼等保养大脑的基础上，科学用脑，防止过度疲劳，保持积极乐观的情绪，能大大提高大脑的工作效率。这是提高记忆力的关键。
(1) My grandmother is 93, but she still tries to stay __________
(related to the mind) (line 5) active: she really likes doing
crosswords!
(2) It’s important to __________ (to keep) (line 16) a healthy
work-life balance.
Vocabulary practice 1
The words in italics explain the meanings of some words from the article on page 101. Find them and complete the sentences. Change the form if necessary.
P103
mentally
maintain
(3) Going for a walk in the park is my way to __________
(to rest) (line 22).
(4) It __________ (is likely) (line 24) to be harder to
remember things when we are hungry or tired.
(5) It is __________ (not strange or unusual) (line 25) to
forget things sometimes.
relax
tends
normal
Vocabulary practice 2
Complete the conversation with the words below.
P103
tend
stressed
mentally
relax
maintain
Vocabulary practice 3
Write down tips about how to improve memory. Use the words and expressions below.
P103
Possible answers
To maintain a sharp memory, regular mental exercises tend to have long-term benefits. Live a mentally active life by learning new skills or solving puzzles, as they play an important role in refreshing your brain. It is helpful to practise mindfulness and prioritize sleep. Research shows that physical exercise and a balanced diet also significantly improve cognitive function. Consistency is key to lasting results.
Verb suffix: -ise / -ize
We can add -ise / -ize to the end of some nouns to make verbs. These verbs describe processes by which people or things are changed into a new state.
memory (n.) → memorize (v.)
hospital (n.) → hospitalize (v.)
Can you give more examples
computer (计算机) → computerize (使计算机化)
modern (现代) → modernize (使现代化)
Word Building
① mentally adv. 精神上；思想上
延伸 mental adj. 思想的；精神上的
② make a point of doing sth. （因重要或必要）保证做
③ play a new instrument 演奏一种新的乐器
④ technique n. 技术；技巧
⑤ link v. 连接；与……有关系
⑥ connection n. 关系；联系
延伸 connect v. （使）连接；相通
⑦ make up a story 编一个故事
⑧ item n. 一项；一件; 一条
⑨ as well as 和；以及；还有
⑩ maintain v. 保持；维持
oily adj. 含油的；富含脂肪的
延伸 oil n. 油
regular adj. 定期的；规律的
延伸 regularly adv. 定期地；规律地
last but not leas 最后但同样重要的
sharp adj. 敏锐的；清晰的
For example, you will exercise your brain if you learn to play a new instrument or learn a foreign language.
例如，学习弹奏一门新乐器或掌握一门外语可以锻炼大
脑。
if 条件状语从句：由引导词 if 或 unless 引导的状语从句叫做条件状语从句。在英文中，条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中的动作），其他事情（主句中的动作）才能发生。复合句时态一般遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。
Notes
2. ..., you can make up a story to link items in a list so that you will remember them.
……你可以编一个故事将清单中的物品串联起来，从而记住它们。
so that 目的状语从句：由引导词 so that 或 in order that 引导的状语从句叫做目的状语从句，表示主句中的行为的意图和目的是什么，该从句的作用相当于不定式短语表目的。比如，以上句子同义句为：
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Notes
..., you can make up a story to link items in a list to remember them.
3. Unless you take time to relax, your brain will find it hard to remember things.
除非花时间放松，否则大脑会难以记住信息。
辨析 if 和 unless：连词 if 和 unless 都引导条件状语从句，但二者意义不同，if 意为“如果”，unless 意为“除非（即如果不）”，相当于“if ... not”；二者意义相对。比如，以上句子把引导词 unless 改为 if 的同义句为：
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Notes
If you don’t take time to relax, your brain will find it hard to remember things.
4. Therefore, it is quite normal for people to experience memory loss as they get older.
因此，人们随着年龄增长出现记忆力减退是正常现象。
固定句型：句型“It is + adj. + (for / of sb) to do sth”是英语中比较典型的 it 作形式主语的句型，句子的真正主语是其后的不定式结构：
“It is + adj. + to do sth”意为“做某事是……的”；
“It is + adj. + for sb to do sth”意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”；
“It is + adj. + of sb to do sth”意为“某人做某事是……的”；
Notes
此时形容词为突出事情的特点的词如 hard、useful等
此时形容词为突出人物特点的词如 kind、friendly等
1. It is important to drink water every day .
例1：每天喝水很重要。
形容词描述不定式动作的性质，不强调动作执行者。
2. It is dangerous for children to swim alone .
例2：让孩子独自游泳很危险。
形容词描述事件本身性质（如危险、容易），逻辑主语用 for sb 引出。
3. It is careless of Tom to forget his homework .
例3：汤姆忘带作业太粗心了。
形容词直接评价“某人”的品质，常用 kind, stupid, brave 等词。
一、选词填空，并注意其形式，一空一词。
1. The students ________ the dialogue in pairs just now.
2. The ________ effects in the movie made the story more exciting.
3. Please check the all the shopping ________ before we go to the supermarket.
4. The park is beautiful, ________ in autumn..
5. The team felt a great ________ after losing the game.
loss, list, visual, repeat, especially
repeated
visual
lists
especially
loss
二、完成句子。
如果你上课勤做笔记，你会学得更好。
If you ______ ______ often in class, you will learn better.
医生建议人们保持健康饮食以保持体形。
Doctors advise people to ______ ______ ______ ______
to stay fit.
3. 他做了彩色抽认卡来帮助妹妹学生物。
He made many colourful ______ ______ to help his sister
study biology.
take notes
keep a healthy diet
flash cards
她每天都保证在晚饭前完成作业。
She ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ her homework
before dinner every day.
我们下午要去公园放松一下，除非那时下雨。
We’re going to ______ in the park this afternoon ______ it
rains then.
6. 最后但同样重要的是 ，别忘了明天带身份证。
______ ______ ______ ______, don’t forget to bring your
ID card tomorrow.
makes a point of finishing
relax unless
Last but not least
Finish the exercises.
Make a poster on the theme of ways to improve our memory.
Preview Listening on P104.
Thank you!

展开更多......

收起↑