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外研版（2019）高中英语必修一
Unit 3 Family matters
重点词汇讲义
1. matter / m t (r)/ n. 事情，问题；物质 v. 要紧，有关系
同根词: material (材料/物质的)，immaterial (不重要的)
同义词: issue, affair, concern
反义词: insignificance
固定搭配:
What's the matter (怎么了？);
as a matter of fact (事实上);
It doesn't matter. (没关系。)
例句: Family matters are often complicated. 家庭事务通常很复杂。/ What you think matters to me. 你的想法对我很重要。
2. argument / ɑ ɡjum nt/ n. 争论，辩论；论点
同根词: argue (争论)，argumentative (好争论的)
同义词: dispute, quarrel, debate
固定搭配: have an argument with sb. about sth. (为某事与某人争论)
例句: They had a friendly argument about the best way to solve the problem. 他们就解决问题的最佳方式进行了友好的辩论。
3. career /k r (r)/ n. 生涯，职业
同义词: profession, occupation, vocation
固定搭配: career path (职业道路); career development (职业发展)
例句: She plans to pursue a career in medicine. 她计划从事医学职业。
4. law /l / n. 法律；法则
同根词: lawyer (律师)，lawful (合法的)，unlawful (非法的)
同义词: regulation, rule
固定搭配: study law (学习法律); break the law (违法)
例句: His father is a professor of law at a famous university. 他父亲是一所著名大学的法学教授。
5. respect /r spekt/ v. 尊敬，尊重 n. 尊敬，方面
同根词: respectful (表示尊敬的)，respectable (值得尊敬的)
同义词: admire, honor / 反义词: disrespect, despise
固定搭配: respect sb. for sth. (因某事尊重某人); in some respects (在某些方面)
例句: We should respect our elders. 我们应该尊敬长辈。/ In many respects, he is right. 在许多方面，他是对的。
6. decision /d s n/ n. 决定，决心
同根词: decide (决定)，decisive (决定性的)，indecisive (优柔寡断的)
同义词: conclusion, resolution
固定搭配: make a decision (做决定)
例句: Making a career decision is never easy. 做出职业决定从来都不容易。
7. patient / pe nt/ adj. 有耐心的 n. 病人
同根词: patience (耐心)，impatient (不耐烦的)
同义词: tolerant / 反义词: impatient
固定搭配: be patient with sb. (对某人有耐心)
例句: A good teacher is always patient with his students. 好老师对学生总是很有耐心。
8. focus / f k s/ v. 集中，聚焦 n. 焦点，中心
同义词: concentrate, center
固定搭配: focus on (专注于)
例句: You need to focus on your studies. 你需要专注于你的学习。
9. trust /tr st/ v. 信任，相信 n. 信任
同根词: trustworthy (值得信赖的)，distrust (不信任)
同义词: believe, rely on / 反义词: distrust, mistrust
固定搭配: trust sb. with sth. (把某事托付给某人); earn one's trust (赢得某人的信任)
例句: Trust is the foundation of a good family relationship. 信任是良好家庭关系的基础。
10. support /s p t/ v. 支持，支撑；赡养 n. 支持
同根词: supporter (支持者)，supportive (支持的)
同义词: back, assist, help / 反义词: oppose, hinder
固定搭配: emotional support (情感支持); financial support (经济支持)
例句: My family has always supported my dreams. 我的家人一直支持我的梦想。
11. value / v lju / n. 价值，价值观 v. 重视，珍视
同根词: valuable (有价值的)，valuation (估价)
同义词: worth, importance / 反义词: worthlessness
固定搭配: family values (家庭价值观); value friendship (珍视友谊)
例句: We should value the time we spend with our family. 我们应该珍视与家人共度的时光。
12. memory / mem ri/ n. 记忆，回忆
同根词: memorize (记忆)，memorial (纪念物)
同义词: recollection, remembrance
固定搭配: in memory of (为了纪念); have a good memory (记忆力好)
例句: I have a vivid memory of my grandmother's stories. 我对祖母讲的故事记忆犹新。
13. tradition /tr d n/ n. 传统
同根词: traditional (传统的)，traditionally (传统上)
同义词: custom, convention
固定搭配: family tradition (家庭传统); break with tradition (打破传统)
例句: It's a family tradition to have dinner together every Sunday. 每周日共进晚餐是我家的传统。
14. generation / d en re n/ n. 一代（人）
同根词: generate (产生)，generator (发电机)
固定搭配: generation gap (代沟); younger/older generation (年轻/年老一代)
例句: There is often a generation gap between parents and children. 父母和孩子之间常常存在代沟。
15. relative / rel t v/ n. 亲戚 adj. 相对的
同根词: relation (关系)，relationship (关系)，relatively (相对地)
同义词: kin, family member
例句: We will visit our relatives during the Spring Festival. 春节期间我们会去拜访亲戚。
16. attitude / t tju d/ n. 态度
同义词: perspective, viewpoint
固定搭配: attitude towards/to (对...的态度); positive attitude (积极的态度)
例句: His attitude towards life is very optimistic. 他对生活的态度非常乐观。
17. responsibility /r sp ns b l ti/ n. 责任，职责
同根词: responsible (有责任的)，respond (回应)
同义词: duty, obligation
固定搭配: take responsibility for (对...承担责任); sense of responsibility (责任感)
例句: Everyone in the family should share the responsibilities. 家庭中的每个人都应分担责任。
fort / k mf t/ n. 舒适，安慰 v. 安慰
同根词: comfortable (舒适的)，comforting (令人安慰的)
同义词: consolation, ease / 反义词: discomfort
固定搭配: words of comfort (安慰的话); live in comfort (生活舒适)
例句: Her words gave me great comfort. 她的话给了我很大的安慰。
19. sacrifice / s kr fa s/ n. 牺牲 v. 牺牲
同根词: sacrificial (牺牲的)
同义词: give up, forfeit
固定搭配: make sacrifices for (为...做出牺牲)
例句: Parents often make sacrifices for their children's future. 父母常常为孩子的未来做出牺牲。
20. appreciate / pri ie t/ v. 欣赏，感激；领会
同根词: appreciation (欣赏)，appreciative (感激的)
同义词: value, cherish, be grateful for
固定搭配: appreciate one's help (感激某人的帮助)
例句: I really appreciate everything you've done for me. 我真的很感激你为我做的一切。
21. concern /k n s n/ n. 担心，关切；关心的事 v. 涉及；使担心
同根词: concerned (担心的)，concerning (关于)
同义词: worry, anxiety
固定搭配: show concern for (对...表示关心); be concerned about (担心...)
例句: My main concern is your health. 我主要担心的是你的健康。
22. misunderstand / m s nd st nd/ v. 误解，误会
同根词: misunderstanding (误解)，understand (理解)
同义词: misinterpret / 反义词: understand
例句: Don't misunderstand me; I'm only trying to help. 别误会我的意思，我只是想帮忙。
municate /k mju n ke t/ v. 交流，沟通
同根词: communication (交流)，communicative (爱说话的)
同义词: convey, talk
固定搭配: communicate with sb. (与某人交流)
例句: It's important for family members to communicate openly. 家庭成员之间开诚布公地交流很重要。
24. bond /b nd/ n. 联系，纽带 v. 建立联系
同义词: tie, connection, link
固定搭配: family bond (家庭纽带)
例句: The common experience strengthened their family bond. 共同的经历加强了他们的家庭纽带。
25. secure /s kj (r)/ adj. 安全的，安心的；稳固的 v. 获得；使安全
同根词: security (安全)，insecure (不安全的)
同义词: safe, stable / 反义词: insecure
例句: Children need to feel secure at home. 孩子在家里需要有安全感。
26. approve / pru v/ v. 赞成，批准
同根词: approval (批准)，disapprove (不赞成)
同义词: agree to, consent to / 反义词: disapprove, reject
固定搭配: approve of (赞成...)
例句: My parents don't approve of my staying out late. 我父母不赞成我在外待到很晚。
27. disappoint / d s p nt/ v. 使失望
同根词: disappointment (失望)，disappointed (感到失望的)，disappointing (令人失望的)
同义词: let down / 反义词: satisfy, please
例句: I hope I won't disappoint you. 我希望我不会让你失望。
28. encourage / n k r d / v. 鼓励，激励
同根词: encouragement (鼓励)，courage (勇气)，discourage (使气馁)
同义词: inspire, motivate / 反义词: discourage
固定搭配: encourage sb. to do sth. (鼓励某人做某事)
例句: My teacher encouraged me to enter the competition. 我的老师鼓励我参加比赛。
29. guide /ɡa d/ v. 引导，指导 n. 向导，指南
同根词: guidance (指导)，guidebook (旅行指南)
同义词: lead, direct
例句: Parents should guide their children to make the right choices. 父母应引导孩子做出正确的选择。
30. influence / nflu ns/ n. 影响 v. 影响
同根词: influential (有影响力的)
同义词: affect, impact
固定搭配: have an influence on (对...有影响); under the influence of (受...的影响)
例句: My grandfather has a great influence on me. 我的祖父对我影响很大。
31. nag /n ɡ/ v. 唠叨，不停地催促
同义词: pester, hassle
固定搭配: nag at sb. (对某人唠叨); nag sb. to do sth. (唠叨让某人做某事)
例句: My mom always nags me to clean my room. 我妈妈总是唠叨让我打扫房间。
32. spoil /sp l/ v. 溺爱；损坏；破坏
同义词: ruin, damage, indulge
例句: Don't spoil your children by giving them everything they want. 不要孩子要什么就给什么，这样会溺坏他们。
33. strict /str kt/ adj. 严格的，严厉的
同根词: strictly (严格地)，strictness (严格)
同义词: severe, stern / 反义词: lenient, lax
固定搭配: be strict with sb. (对某人要求严格); be strict about/in sth. (对某事要求严格)
例句: His father is very strict with him about grades. 他父亲对他的成绩要求非常严格。
34. grateful / ɡre tfl/ adj. 感激的，表示感谢的
同根词: gratitude (感激之情)
同义词: thankful, appreciative / 反义词: ungrateful
固定搭配: be grateful to sb. for sth. (因某事感激某人)
例句: I am deeply grateful to my parents for their support. 我深深感激父母的支持。
35. harmony / hɑ m ni/ n. 和睦，和谐
同根词: harmonious (和谐的)
同义词: accord, agreement / 反义词: conflict, discord
固定搭配: live in harmony (和睦相处)
例句: The whole family lives together in perfect harmony. 全家人和睦地生活在一起。
36. rely /r la / v. 依靠，依赖
同根词: reliable (可靠的)，reliance (依赖)
同义词: depend, count on
固定搭配: rely on (依赖于)
例句: You can always rely on your family in times of trouble. 在困难时期，你总可以依靠你的家人。
37. conflict / k nfl kt/ n. 冲突，矛盾 /k n fl kt/ v. 冲突，抵触
同义词: clash, disagreement / 反义词: agreement, harmony
固定搭配: conflict of interest (利益冲突); come into conflict with (与...发生冲突)
例句: There is a conflict between his career goals and family responsibilities. 他的职业目标与家庭责任之间有冲突。
38. solve /s lv/ v. 解决，解答
同根词: solution (解决方法)，solvable (可以解决的)
同义词: resolve, settle
固定搭配: solve a problem (解决问题)
例句: We need to sit down and solve this family problem together. 我们需要坐下来一起解决这个家庭问题。
39. pressure / pre (r)/ n. 压力
同根词: press (按压)，pressurized (有压力的)
同义词: stress, strain
固定搭配: under pressure (在压力下); peer pressure (同辈压力)
例句: He is under a lot of pressure to succeed. 他承受着要成功的巨大压力。
40. independent / nd pend nt/ adj. 独立的，自主的
同根词: independence (独立)，depend (依靠)
同义词: self-reliant / 反义词: dependent
固定搭配: be independent of (独立于...，不依赖...)
例句: Teenagers want to be more independent from their parents. 青少年希望更加独立于父母。
41. mature /m t (r)/ adj. 成熟的 v. 成熟
同根词: maturity (成熟)，immature (不成熟的)
同义词: grown-up, adult / 反义词: immature, childish
例句: For his age, he is very mature. 就他的年龄而言，他很成熟。
42. balance / b l ns/ n. 平衡 v. 使平衡
同根词: balanced (平衡的)
同义词: equilibrium, stability
固定搭配: work-life balance (工作与生活的平衡); keep/lose one's balance (保持/失去平衡)
例句: It's hard to find a balance between work and family. 很难在工作和家庭之间找到平衡。
43. cherish / t er / v. 珍爱，珍惜
同义词: treasure, value, hold dear
例句: I cherish the memories of my childhood. 我珍视童年的回忆。
44. ancestor / nsest (r)/ n. 祖先，祖宗
同根词: ancestral (祖先的)
同义词: forefather / 反义词: descendant (后代)
例句: Our ancestors passed down many valuable traditions. 我们的祖先传承下来许多宝贵的传统。
45. descend /d send/ v. 下降；传下来，起源于
同根词: descendant (后代)，descent (下降；血统)
同义词: drop, fall / 反义词: ascend (上升)
固定搭配: be descended from (是...的后裔)
例句: This custom descends from a centuries-old tradition. 这个习俗源于一个有几百年历史的传统。
46. reunion / ri ju ni n/ n. 团聚，重聚
同根词: reunite (重聚)，unite (联合)
固定搭配: family reunion (家庭团聚)
例句: We have a big family reunion every year during the holidays. 每年假期我们都会有一个盛大的家庭聚会。
47. heritage / her t d / n. 遗产，传统
同义词: inheritance, legacy
固定搭配: cultural heritage (文化遗产)
例句: It's our duty to protect our cultural heritage. 保护我们的文化遗产是我们的责任。
48. household / ha sh ld/ n. 家庭，户 adj. 家庭的
同义词: family, home
固定搭配: household chores (家务活); household name (家喻户晓的名字)
例句: Everyone in the household should help with the cleaning. 家里的每个人都应该帮忙打扫卫生。
49. sibling / s bl / n. 兄弟姊妹
同义词: brother or sister
例句: I have a good relationship with my siblings. 我和我的兄弟姐妹关系很好。
50. cousin / k zn/ n. 堂兄弟姊妹，表兄弟姊妹
例句: I used to spend summers with my cousins when I was a child. 我小时候经常和我的表兄弟姐妹一起过暑假。
51. nephew / nefju / n. 侄子，外甥
反义词: niece (侄女，外甥女)
例句: My little nephew is very cute. 我的小侄子非常可爱。
52. niece /ni s/ n. 侄女，外甥女
反义词: nephew (侄子，外甥)
例句: She bought a gift for her niece. 她给她的侄女买了一份礼物。
53. elderly / eld li/ adj. 年老的，上了年纪的
同义词: aged, senior / 反义词: young
例句: We should take good care of the elderly. 我们应该好好照顾老人。
54. teenager / ti ne d (r)/ n. 青少年（13至19岁）
同根词: teenage (青少年的)
同义词: adolescent, youth
例句: It's common for teenagers to have arguments with their parents. 青少年和父母发生争论是很常见的。
55. adult / d lt/ n. 成年人 adj. 成年的
同义词: grown-up / 反义词: child
例句: As an adult, you have to take responsibility for your actions. 作为一个成年人，你必须为自己的行为负责。
56. childhood / t a ldh d/ n. 童年，儿童时期
同根词: child (孩子)，childish (孩子气的)
反义词: adulthood (成年期)
例句: I had a very happy childhood. 我有一个非常快乐的童年。
57. parenting / pe r nt / n. 养育，抚养
同根词: parent (父母)
同义词: upbringing, raising children
固定搭配: parenting skills (育儿技巧)
例句: Good parenting is essential for a child's development. 良好的养育对孩子的成长至关重要。
58. relationship /r le n p/ n. 关系，联系
同根词: relate (关联)，relation (关系)
同义词: connection, bond
固定搭配: build a good relationship (建立良好关系)
例句: Communication is key to a healthy family relationship. 沟通是健康家庭关系的关键。
59. atmosphere / tm sf (r)/ n. 气氛，氛围；大气
同义词: mood, ambiance
固定搭配: a friendly atmosphere (友好的氛围)
例句: There is a warm and loving atmosphere in their home. 他们的家里有一种温暖有爱的氛围。
60. understanding / nd st nd / n. 理解，谅解 adj. 善解人意的
同根词: understand (理解)，misunderstanding (误解)
同义词: comprehension, sympathy
固定搭配: come to/reach an understanding (达成谅解)
例句: We need more understanding between family members. 家庭成员之间需要更多的理解。/ My parents are very understanding. 我的父母非常通情达理。
课文主要短语讲解
1. come to an understanding 达成谅解，达成共识
指双方经过沟通后对某事形成一致看法。
例句: After a long talk, father and son finally came to an understanding. 经过长谈，父子俩终于达成了谅解。
2. focus on 专注于，集中于
后接名词或动名词。
例句: You should focus on your studies instead of playing games all day. 你应该专注于学习，而不是整天玩游戏。
3. be proud of 为...感到骄傲
后接名词、代词或动名词。
例句: His parents are very proud of his achievements. 他的父母为他的成就感到非常骄傲。
4. grow up 长大成人，成长
动词短语，强调从儿童到成人的过程。
例句: What do you want to be when you grow up 你长大后想做什么？
5. agree with sb. 同意某人的意见
指同意某人的观点、看法。
例句: I totally agree with you on this matter. 在这件事上我完全同意你的看法。
6. play the piano 弹钢琴
乐器前要加定冠词 the。
例句: She has been playing the piano since she was five years old. 她从五岁起就开始弹钢琴。
7. have an argument with sb. about/over sth. 为某事与某人争论
介词 about 或 over 引出争论的内容。
例句: They had an argument with each other about money. 他们为钱的事情争吵了起来。
8. make a decision 做决定
动词 make 与 decision 是固定搭配。
例句: It's time for you to make your own decision. 现在是你自己做决定的时候了。
9. become a lawyer 成为律师
become 后接表示职业的名词。
例句: His dream is to become a successful lawyer. 他的梦想是成为一名成功的律师。
10. be good for 对...有好处
反义词是 be bad for（对...有害）。
例句: Regular exercise is good for your health. 经常锻炼对身体有好处。
11. in the future 在未来，将来
指将来某一时间点，区别于 in future（从今以后）。
例句: No one can predict what will happen in the future. 没人能预测未来会发生什么。
12. follow in one's footsteps 继承某人的事业，效仿某人
形象化表达，指走和前辈一样的路。
例句: The son didn't want to follow in his father's footsteps and become a doctor. 儿子不想子承父业当医生。
13. as a result 结果，因此
作状语，表示因果关系。
例句: He worked very hard. As a result, he passed the exam easily. 他学习非常努力，结果轻松通过了考试。
14. be patient with 对...有耐心
介词 with 后接人。
例句: Teachers should be patient with their students. 老师应该对学生有耐心。
15. trust each other 互相信任
each other 指两者或多者之间“互相”。
例句: The key to a strong relationship is to trust each other. 一段牢固关系的关键在于彼此信任。
16. support each other 互相支持
例句: Family members should support each other through difficult times. 家庭成员应该在困难时期互相支持。
17. share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物
可以分享具体的东西，也可以分享想法、感受等。
例句: He is always willing to share his happiness with his friends. 他总是愿意和朋友分享他的快乐。
18. family bond 家庭纽带
例句: The shared experience strengthened their family bond. 共同的经历加深了他们的家庭纽带。
19. family values 家庭价值观
例句: Honesty and responsibility are important family values. 诚实和责任是重要的家庭价值观。
20. generation gap 代沟
例句: The generation gap sometimes leads to misunderstandings between parents and children. 代沟有时会导致父母与孩子之间的误解。
21. take responsibility for 对...承担责任
介词 for 后接负责的内容。
例句: Everyone must take responsibility for their own actions. 每个人都必须为自己的行为负责。
22. make a sacrifice for 为...做出牺牲
介词 for 后接牺牲的目的或对象。
例句: Parents often make great sacrifices for their children's education. 父母常常为孩子的教育做出巨大牺牲。
23. be concerned about 担心，关心
相当于 worry about。
例句: She is always concerned about her son's safety. 她总是担心儿子的安全。
municate with 与...交流
后接交流的对象。
例句: It's important to communicate with your family regularly. 经常与家人沟通很重要。
25. feel secure 感到安全/安心
例句: Children need to feel secure at home. 孩子们需要在家里感到安全。
26. approve of 赞成，同意
后接赞成的事物。
例句: My father doesn't approve of my plan to travel alone. 我父亲不赞成我独自旅行的计划。
27. be disappointed with/in 对...感到失望
介词 with 或 in 后接令人失望的对象。
例句: He was deeply disappointed with his test results. 他对自己的考试成绩深感失望。
28. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
固定句型。
例句: My teacher encouraged me to participate in the speech contest. 老师鼓励我参加演讲比赛。
29. have an influence on 对...有影响
相当于 influence（动词）或 affect。
例句: A good teacher can have a lifelong influence on students. 一位好老师可以对学生产生终生的影响。
30. be strict with 对...要求严格
介词 with 后接人。
例句: Our coach is very strict with us during training. 我们的教练在训练时对我们非常严格。
31. be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事感激某人
to 后接人，for 后接事。
例句: I am very grateful to you for your help. 我非常感谢你的帮助。
32. live in harmony 和睦相处
例句: The different ethnic groups in this area live together in harmony. 这个地区的不同民族和睦相处。
33. rely on 依赖，依靠
相当于 depend on。
例句: You can always rely on your best friend when you are in trouble. 当你遇到麻烦时，你总可以依靠你最好的朋友。
34. solve a problem 解决问题
动词 solve 与 problem 是固定搭配。
例句: We need to find a way to solve this problem. 我们需要找到一个解决这个问题的方法。
35. under pressure 在压力下
例句: He has been working under great pressure recently. 他最近一直在巨大的压力下工作。
36. be independent of 独立于...，不依赖...
介词 of 后接脱离或不再依赖的对象。
例句: After 18, young people should learn to be independent of their parents financially. 18岁以后，年轻人应该学会在经济上独立于父母。
37. work-life balance 工作与生活的平衡
例句: It's challenging to maintain a good work-life balance. 保持良好的工作与生活平衡是具有挑战性的。
38. be descended from 是...的后裔
通常用于描述家族血统。
例句: It is said that they are descended from royalty. 据说他们是皇室后裔。
39. family reunion 家庭团聚
例句: We have a big family reunion every Spring Festival. 每年春节我们都会有一个盛大的家庭聚会。
40. household chores 家务活
例句: All family members should share the household chores. 所有家庭成员都应该分担家务活。

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